ASTM D3235-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
Standard Test Method for Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness, flexibility, scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether these effects are desirable or undesirable depends on the intended use of the wax.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3235 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent 4.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 50 %
by volume methyl ethyl ketone and 50 % by volume toluene.
extractables in petroleum waxes.
The solution is cooled to −32 °C (−25 °F) to precipitate the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
wax, then filtered. The solvent extractables content is deter-
standard.
mined by evaporating the solvent from the filtrate and deter-
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
mining the mass of the residue.
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
flexibility, scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
these effects are desirable or undesirable depends on the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
intended use of the wax.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
6. Apparatus
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
6.1 Filter Stick and Assembly, consisting of a 10 mm diam-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
eter sintered glass filter stick of 10 μm to 15 μm maximum pore
diameter as determined by the method in Appendix X1,
2. Referenced Documents
provided with an air pressure inlet tube and delivery nozzle. It
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
is provided with a ground-glass joint to fit a 25 mm by 170 mm
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
test tube. The dimensions for a suitable filtration assembly are
Fuels, and Lubricants
shown in Fig. 1.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
NOTE 1—A metallic filter stick may be employed if desired. A filter
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
3
stick made of stainless steel and having a 12.7 mm (0.50 in.) disk of
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
10 nm to 15 nm maximum pore diameter, as determined by Test Method
E128, has been found to be satisfactory. The metallic apparatus is inserted
into a 25 mm by 150 mm test tube and held in place by means of a cork.
3. Terminology
6.2 Cooling Bath, consisting of an insulated box with
3.1 Definitions:
30 mm 6 5 mm (1.2 in. 6 0.2 in.) holes in the center to
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
accommodate any desired number of test tubes. The bath may
to Terminology D4175.
be filled with a suitable medium such as kerosine, and may be
cooled by circulating a refrigerant through coils, or by using
solid carbon dioxide. A suitable cooling bath to accommodate
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
three test tubes is shown in Fig. 2.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.10 on Properties of Petroleum Waxes and Alternative Wax-like
Materials.
3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2023. Published October 2023. Originally The sole source of supply of a suitable metal filter stick with designated
ɛ1
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3235 – 16 . DOI: porosity G known to the committee at this time is the Pall Trinity Micro Corp.,
10.1520/D3235-23. Route 281, Cortland, NY 13045. A list of United Kingdom suppliers can be obtained
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR, United King-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM dom. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3235 − 16 D3235 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Corrected misplaced figures editorially in December 2016.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 50 % by volume methyl ethyl ketone and 50 % by volume toluene. The
solution is cooled to −32 °C (−25 °F) to precipitate the wax, then filtered. The solvent extractables content is determined by
evaporating the solvent from the filtrate and determining the mass of the residue.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.10 on Properties of Petroleum Waxes and Alternative Wax-like Materials.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016Oct. 1, 2023. Published July 2016October 2023. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
ɛ1
D3235 – 15.D3235 – 16 . DOI: 10.1520/D3235-16E01.10.1520/D3235-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3235 − 23
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness, flexibility,
scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether these effects
are desirable or undesirable depends on the intended use of the wax.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Filter Stick and Assembly, consisting of a 10 mm diameter sintered glass filter stick of 10 μm to 15 μm maximum pore diameter
as determined by the method in Appendix X1, provided with an air pressure inlet tube and delivery nozzle. It is provided with a
ground-glass joint to fit a 25 mm by 170 mm test tube. The dimensions for a suitable filtration assembly are shown in Fig. 1.
3
NOTE 1—A metallic filter stick may be employed if desired. A filter stick made of stainless steel and having a 12.7 mm (0.50 in.) disk of 10 nm to 15 nm
maximum pore diameter, as determined by Test Method E128, has been found to be satisfactory. The metallic apparatus is inserted into a 25 mm by
150 mm test tube and held in place by means of a cork.
6.2 Cooling Bath, consisting of an insulated box with 30 mm 6 5 mm (1.2 in. 6 0.2 in.) holes in the center to accommodate any
desired number of test tubes. The bath may be filled with a suitable medium such as kerosine, and may be cooled by circulating
a refrigerant through coils, or by using solid carbon dioxide. A suitable c
...
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