ASTM D5850-20
(Practice)Standard Practice for (Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity, Storage Coefficient, and Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of Partially Penetrating Wells
Standard Practice for (Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity, Storage Coefficient, and Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of Partially Penetrating Wells
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is one of several available for determining vertical anisotropy ratio. Among other available methods are Weeks ((5); see Practice D5473/D5473M), that relies on distance-drawdown data, and Way and McKee (6), that utilizes time-drawdown data. An important restriction of the Weeks distance-drawdown method is that the observation wells need to have identical construction (screened intervals) and two or more of the observation wells need to be located at a distance from the pumped well beyond the effects of partial penetration. The procedure described in this practice general distance-drawdown method, in that it works in theory for most observation well configurations incorporating three or more wells, provided some of the wells are within the zone where flow is affected by partial penetration.
5.2 Assumptions:
5.2.1 Control well discharges at a constant rate, Q.
5.2.2 Control well is of infinitesimal diameter and partially penetrates the aquifer.
5.2.3 Data are obtained from a number of partially penetrating observation wells, some screened at elevations similar to that in the pumped well and some screened at different elevations.
5.2.4 The aquifer is confined, homogeneous and areally extensive. The aquifer may be anisotropic, and, if so, the directions of maximum and minimum hydraulic conductivity are horizontal and vertical, respectively.
5.2.5 Discharge from the well is derived exclusively from storage in the aquifer.
5.3 Calculation Requirements—Application of this method is computationally intensive. The function, fs, shown in (Eq 4) should be evaluated numerous times using arbitrary input parameters. It is not practical to use existing, somewhat limited, tables of values for fs and, because this equation is rather formidable, it may not be easily tractable by hand. Because of this, it is assumed the practitioner using this will have available a computerized procedure for evaluating the function fs. This can be accomplished u...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers an analytical procedure for determining the transmissivity, storage coefficient, and ratio of vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of a confined aquifer using observation well drawdown measurements from a constant-rate pumping test. This practice uses data from a minimum of four partially penetrating, recommended to be positioned observation wells around a partially penetrating control well.
1.2 The analytical procedure is used in conjunction with the field procedure in Test Method D4050.
1.3 Limitations—The limitations of the technique for determination of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of aquifers are primarily related to the correspondence between the field situation and the simplifying assumption of this practice.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. The reporting of results in units other than inch-pound shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.6 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis method or engineeri...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5850 − 20
Standard Practice for
(Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity, Storage
Coefficient, and Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of
1
Partially Penetrating Wells
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis
1.1 This practice covers an analytical procedure for deter-
method or engineering design.
mining the transmissivity, storage coefficient, and ratio of
vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of a confined 1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
aquifer using observation well drawdown measurements from one or more specific operations.This document cannot replace
a constant-rate pumping test. This practice uses data from a educationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwith
minimum of four partially penetrating, recommended to be professional judgment. Not all aspects of the practice may be
positioned observation wells around a partially penetrating applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
control well. intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
1.2 Theanalyticalprocedureisusedinconjunctionwiththe
nor should this document be applied without the consideration
field procedure in Test Method D4050.
ofaproject’smanyuniqueaspects.Theword“Standard”inthe
1.3 Limitations—The limitations of the technique for deter-
title of this document means only that the document has been
mination of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
ofaquifersareprimarilyrelatedtothecorrespondencebetween
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the field situation and the simplifying assumption of this
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
practice.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
regarded as the standard.The SI units given in parentheses are
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mathematical conversions, which are provided for information
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
purposes only and are not considered standard. The reporting
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of results in units other than inch-pound shall not be regarded
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
as nonconformance with this standard.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
1.6 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
Fluids
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
D3740Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to
D4050Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Withdrawal
increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be
and Injection Well Testing for Determining Hydraulic
Properties of Aquifer Systems
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
2
Vadose Zone Investigations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5850–18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the st
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5850 − 18 D5850 − 20
Standard Test Method for (Analytical Procedure) Practice for
(Analytical Procedure) Determining Transmissivity, Storage
Coefficient, and Anisotropy Ratio from a Network of
1
Partially Penetrating Wells
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers an analytical procedure for determining the transmissivity, storage coefficient, and ratio of vertical
to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of a confined aquifer using observation well drawdown measurements from a constant-rate
pumping test. This test method uses data from a minimum of four partially penetrating, recommended to be positioned observation
wells around a partially penetrating control well.
1.2 The analytical procedure is used in conjunction with the field procedure in Test Method D4050.
1.3 Limitations—The limitations of the technique for determination of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of
aquifers are primarily related to the correspondence between the field situation and the simplifying assumption of this test method.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.6 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis method or engineering design.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D4050 Test Method for (Field Procedure) for Withdrawal and Injection Well Testing for Determining Hydraulic Properties of
Aquifer Systems
D5473/D5473M Test Method for (Analytical Procedure for) Analyzing the Effects of Partial Penetration of Control Well and
Determining the Horizontal and Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity in a Nonleaky Confined Aquifer
1
This test method practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater
and Vadose Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018June 1, 2020. Published February 2018June 2020. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
D5850 – 95 (2012).D5850 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D5850-18.10.1520/D5850-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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