ASTM C283-13(2021)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C283 − 13 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Methods for
Resistance of Porcelain Enameled Utensils to Boiling Acid
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The described method furnishes a means of quantitatively testing and grading glossy porcelain
enamels with respect to their resistance to boiling citric acid at room temperature. Citric acid has been
selected because it is the most common and one of the more severe of the food acids in its action on
conventional porcelain enamels.
1. Scope 2.2 Test Method B provides the supplier of porcelain
enamel raw materials with a laboratory method for testing the
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
resistance of different coatings (intended for use on utensils) to
resistance of porcelain enamel coatings used on utensils to
boiling acid.
attack by boiling acid.
TEST METHOD A
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3. Apparatus
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1 Hot Plate, capable of maintaining over its entire surface
and are not considered standard.
a uniform temperature that will keep the test solution at a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rolling boil (see section 7.5). The heating element should
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
occupy an area at least 8 in. (203 mm) in diameter.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Chemical Glassware—Beakers, a desiccator, and a
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
500-mL graduated cylinder.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.3 Drier, capable of maintaining a temperature of at least
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
220 °F (104 °C).
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.4 Boiling Acid Resistance Apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Three sets will be required.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.5 Cutting Equipment, suitable for cutting a 3 ⁄4-in. (82-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mm) diameter plate from the bottom of a porcelain-enameled
steel utensil, as follows:
2. Significance and Use
3.5.1 Punch and Die (Fig. 2),
3.5.2 Shears,
2.1 Test Method A provides the producers of porcelain
3.5.3 Abrasive Cut-off Wheel,
enameled utensils with a quality control method of testing for
3.5.4 Cutting Torch, or
resistance to boiling acid for parts randomly selected from the
3.5.5 Any Other Suitable Equipment
production line.
3.6 Analytical Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.0001 g.
4. Reagent
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on
4.1 The test solution shall contain6gofACS grade citric
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
acid per 94 g of distilled water and shall be prepared fresh for
B08.12 on Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
each test.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
approvedin1951.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2017asC283 – 13(2017).DOI:
5. Test Specimens
10.1520/C0283-13R21.
Test Method A is based on the boiling acid resistance test developed by the
5.1 The test specimens shall consist of three plates, 3 ⁄4 in.
Enameled Utensil Manufacturers’ Council; see Section 16 of Commercial Standard
(82 mm) in diameter, cut from the bottoms of three identical
CS100-47, Porcelain Enameled Steel Utensils, United States Department of Com-
merce. utensils.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C283 − 13 (2021)
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm
1 1 1
⁄16 1.6 1 ⁄4 32 2.5 64 4 ⁄16 103
1 25 1 1
⁄8 3.2 1 ⁄32 45 3 ⁄4 82 4 ⁄8 105
1 1 3 1
⁄4 6.4 2 ⁄4 57 3 ⁄8 86 5 ⁄2 140
⁄8 9.5 2.31 59 4 102 14 356
(a) Assembly (b) Details
FIG. 1 Boiling-Acid Resistance Apparatus
NOTE 1—“Identical utensils” signifies utensils of the same size, shape,
7.4 Place the heat-resistant gasket above the hole in the
and finish.
base-plate of the boiling-acid resistance apparatus (Fig. 1).
Place the test specimen over the gasket, with the surface from
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
the inside of the utensil up. Next, place a rubber jar ring on the
6.1 After the test specimens have been cut from the utensils,
test specimen. This serves as a seal between the test specimen
file their edges with a triangular file to remove any loose
and the heat-resistant glass tube, which shall be placed over it.
enamel chips.
Place another rubber jar ring on top of the glass tube, set the
6.2 Thoroughly wash the test specimens with soap and cover-plate on it, and clamp in place by tightening the wing
water to remove any grease picked up in handling. Rinse with
nuts. Tighten the wing nuts until a seal is obtained between the
distilledwater.Placethespecimensinadrierat220°F(104°C).
glass tube and the test specimen. This can be determined by
After 10 min, remove the test specimens and place them in a
inspecting the seal ring, when the nuts are tight enough, the
desiccator containing calcium chloride.
outside edges of the rubber jar rings will lift from the test
specimen. Use the bottom jar rings only twice (once on each
7. Procedure
side); then discard for new ones.
7.1 Level the hot plate, turn the switch on in the high heat
7.5 Bring approximately
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