ASTM F1323-14(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1323 −14 (Reapproved 2020) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Shipboard Incinerators
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
performance,operation,functioning,andtestingofincinerators F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
intended to incinerate garbage and other shipboard wastes Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
generated during the ship’s normal service (that is, F1322 Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators
maintenance, operational, domestic, and cargo-associated
2.2 ASME Standard:
wastes).
B31.1 Power Piping
B31.3 Process Piping
1.2 This specification is a companion document to Guide
F1322. 2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section I Power Boilers
1.3 This specification applies to those incinerator plants
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
with capacities up to 4000 kW per unit.
2.4 IMO Conventions:
1.4 Additional information is given in Appendix X1 –
SOLAS 74 InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeat
Appendix X8.
Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended
1.5 This specification does not apply to systems on special
MARPOL 74 International Convention for the Prevention of
incinerator ships, for example, for burning industrial wastes
Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), 1973, as amended
such as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and so forth. 6
2.5 Underwriter’s Laboratory Standards:
1.6 This specification does not address the electrical supply UL 506 Standard for Specialty Transformers
to the unit nor the foundation connections and stack connec- UL 814 Standard for Gas-Tube Signs and Ignition Cables
tions.
2.6 Other Documents:
1.7 It is possible that this standard will involve hazardous NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code (NEC)
materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not
NOTE 1—Incinerators designed and manufactured in accordance with
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
alternative standards must show compliance with this specification.
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental 3. Terminology
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3.1 Definitions:
tions prior to use. If an incinerator is to be operated in coastal
3.1.1 administration, n—meanstheGovernmentoftheState
regions, the strictest governing regulations for those countries
whose flag the ship is entitled to fly.
in which the incinerator would potentially operate would form
the requirement basis.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the ASTM website.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. www.asme.org.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
1 5
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships AvailablefromtheInternationalMaritimeOrganization,4AlbertEmbankment,
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 on London SE1 7SR, UK.
Marine Environmental Protection. Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com.
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1323 – 14. DOI: Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
10.1520/F1323-14R20. Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1323 − 14 (2020)
3.1.2 cargo residues, n—means the remnants of any cargo external wash water. Operational wastes do not include grey
which are not covered by Annexes to MARPOL and which water, bilge water or other similar discharges essential to the
remain on the deck or in holds following loading or unloading, operation of a ship.
including loading and unloading excess or spillage, whether in
3.1.12 plastic, n—a solid material that contains as an essen-
wet or dry condition or entrained in wash water but does not
tial ingredient one or more high molecular mass polymers and
include cargo dust remaining on the deck after sweeping or
which is formed (shaped) during either manufacture of the
dust on the external surfaces of the ship.
polymer or the fabrication into a finished product by heat
3.1.3 domestic waste, n—all types of wastes not covered by
and/or pressure.
AnnexestoMARPOLthataregeneratedintheaccommodation
3.1.12.1 Discussion—Plasticshavematerialpropertiesrang-
spaces on board the ship.
ing from hard and brittle to soft and elastic. For the purpose of
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Domestic wastes does not include grey
this standard, plastic means all garbage that consists of or
water.
includes plastic in any form, including synthetic ropes, syn-
thetic fishing nets, plastic garbage bags and incinerator ashes
3.1.4 fishing gear, n—any physical device or part thereof or
from plastic products.
combination of items that may be placed on or in the water or
on the sea-bed with the intended purpose of capturing, or
3.1.13 recognized classification society, n—American Bu-
controlling for subsequent capture or harvesting marine or
reau of Shipping (ABS) or other classification society that is a
fresh water organisms.
participating member of the International Association of Clas-
sification Societies (IACS).
3.1.5 food wastes, n—any spoiled or unspoiled food sub-
stances and includes fruits, vegetables, dairy products, poultry,
3.1.14 sewage, n—drainage and other wastes from any form
meat products, and food scraps generated aboard ship.
of toilets and urinals; drainage from medical premises
(dispensary, sick bay etc.) via wash basins, wash tubs and
3.1.6 garbage—all kinds of food wastes, domestic wastes,
scuppers located in such premises; drainage from spaces
and operational wastes, all plastics, cargo residues, incinerator
containing living animals; or other waste waters when mixed
ashes,cookingoil,fishinggear,andanimalcarcassesgenerated
with drainages defined as sewage.
during the normal operation of the ship and liable to be
disposed of continuously or periodically except those sub-
3.1.15 ship, n—a vessel of any type operating in the marine
stances which are defined or listed in Annexes to MARPOL.
environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Garbagedoesnotincludefreshfishand
vehicles, submersibles, floating craft, and fixed or floating
parts thereof generated as a result of fishing activities under-
platforms.
taken during the voyage, or as a result of aquaculture activities
3.1.16 waste—useless, unneeded, or superfluous matter
which involve the transport of fish including shellfish for
which is to be discarded.
placement in the aquaculture facility and the transport of
harvested fish including shellfish from such facilities to shore
4. Ordering Information
for processing.
4.1 Orders shall include the following information, in ac-
3.1.7 graywater, n—drainage from dishwater, galley sink,
cordance with Guide F1322:
showers, laundries, baths, and handbasins as long as it is not
mixed with sewage. 4.1.1 Sizing requirements.
4.1.2 Processing rate requirements.
3.1.8 incinerator or shipboard incinerator, n—a shipboard
facility designed for the primary purpose of incineration. 4.1.3 Additional control requirements.
4.1.4 All applicable requirements contained in the supple-
3.1.9 oily rags, n—rags that have been saturated with oil as
mental requirements section.
controlled in Annex I to MARPOL.
4.1.5 Anyadditionalrequirementsrequiredbythepurchaser
3.1.9.1 Discussion—Contaminated rags are rags that have
to meet special needs.
been saturated with a substance defined as a harmful substance
in Annexes to MARPOL.
5. Materials and Manufacture
3.1.10 oil residue (sludge), n—the residual waste oil prod-
5.1 Metalpartsoftheincineratorexposedtothecombustion
ucts generated during the normal operation of a ship such as
those resulting from the purification of fuel or lubricating oil process shall be made of materials listed in Section I of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
for main or auxiliary machinery, separated waste oil from oil
filtering equipment, waste oil collected in drip trays, and waste
5.2 Where welded construction is used, welded joint design
hydraulic and lubricating oils.
details, welding, and nondestructive testing of the combustion
3.1.11 operational wastes, n—all solid wastes (including
chamber shall be in accordance with Section I of the ASME
slurries) not covered by Annexes to MARPOL that are col-
Code. Welders and weld procedures shall be qualified in
lected on board during normal maintenance or operations of a
accordance with Section IX of theASME Code.Alternatively,
ship, or used for cargo stowage and handling.
design, welding (including welders and weld procedures), and
3.1.11.1 Discussion—Operational wastes also include testing are permitted to be in accordance with rules of a
cleaning agents and additives contained in cargo hold and recognized classification society.
F1323 − 14 (2020)
5.3 Piping and piping components associated with incinera- 5.12 Incinerators equipped with a feeding sluice shall en-
tors for fuel, sludge, and liquid cargo residues shall comply sure that the material charged will move from the sluice to the
with ASME B31.1 or ASME B31.3 for design and material combustion chamber. Examples for accomplishing this are the
requirements. use of a clear path down or a mechanical pusher.
5.3.1 Fuel oil pressure piping between service pumps and
5.13 Interlocks shall be installed to prevent ash removal
burnersshallhaveareliefvalvefittedwhichwilldischargeinto
doors from opening while burning is in progress or while the
the suction line or back into the tank.
furnace temperature is above 220°C (428°F).
5.3.2 Pressure piping shall be of seamless steel with a
5.14 The incinerator shall be provided with a safe observa-
thickness of at least Schedule 80. Short lengths of steel tubing,
tion port of the combustion chamber to provide visual control
or annealed copper nickel, nickel copper, or copper pipe and
of the burning process and waste accumulation in the combus-
tubing are acceptable for use at the burners for flexibility.
tion chamber. Neither heat, flame, nor particles shall be able to
5.3.3 The use of nonmetallic materials for fuel lines is
pass through the observation port. An example of a safe
prohibited.
observationportishigh-temperatureglasswithametalclosure.
5.3.4 Valves and fittings shall not be threaded in sizes over
2-in. nominal pipe size (NPS) (60-mm outside diameter).
5.15 Theoutsidesurfaceofthecombustionchamber(s)shall
5.3.5 Threaded unions shall not be used on pressure lines in
be shielded from contact such that people would not be
sizes 1-in. NPS (33-mm outside diameter) and over.
exposed to extreme heat (maximum 20°C (68°F) above ambi-
5.3.6 Gaskets in fuel piping shall be fire resistant and
ent temperature) or direct contact of surface temperatures
suitable for the fuel type
exceeding 60°C (140°F). Examples for alternatives to accom-
5.4 If equipped with an electrically, hydraulically, or pneu- plish this are a double jacket with airflow in between or an
expanded metal jacket.
matically activated valve, the valve shall be designed to fail
closed or in the safe position on loss of power whichever is
5.16 Safety interlocks shall be provided to ensure that the
more appropriate to the applicable system.
incinerator cannot be operated if the shock cooling subsystem
5.5 All rotating or moving mechanical and exposed electri-
is not functioning properly.
cal parts shall be protected against accidental contact. All
5.17 Electrical Requirements:
electrical devices shall be enclosed in drip-proof or watertight
5.17.1 General—Installation requirements shall apply to
enclosures.
controls, safety devices, and burners on incinerators.
5.6 The coatings or paints shall not contain any heavy
5.17.1.1 A disconnecting means capable of being locked in
metals, such as, chromium, lead, tin, and so forth, or other
the open position shall be installed at an accessible location at
materials banned by federal, state, or local authorities.
the incinerator so that the incinerator can be disconnected from
all sources of electrical potential. This disconnecting means
5.7 Asbestos, mercury, cadmium, polychlorinated biphenyls
shall be an integral part of the incinerator or adjacent to it (see
(PCBs), and chlorinated plastics shall not be used in the
7.1).
construction of the incinerator or any subsystem, including
gaskets or lagging materials. 5.17.1.2 All rotating or moving parts that have the potential
to cause injury shall be guarded to avoid accidental contact.
5.8 Refractory shall be resistant to thermal shocks and
5.17.1.3 The electrical equipment shall be so arranged so
resistant to normal ship’s vibration. The refractory design
that failure of this equipment will cause the fuel supply to be
temperature shall be equal to the combustion chamber design
shut off.
temperature plus 20 % (see 6.1).
5.17.1.4 The power supply to the electrical control system
5.9 Incinerating systems shall be designed such that corro-
shall be from a two-wire branch circuit that has a grounded
sion will be minimized on the inside of the systems.
conductor; otherwise, an isolation transformer with a two-wire
5.10 In systems equipped for incinerating liquid wastes,
secondary shall be provided. When an isolation transformer is
safe ignition and maintenance of combustion shall be ensured,
provided,onesideofthesecondarywindingshallbegrounded.
for example, by a supplementary burner using gas oil/diesel oil
5.17.1.5 One side of all coils shall be electrically located in
or equivalent.
the grounded side of the circuit. All switches, contacts, and
overcurrent devices shall be electrically located in the un-
5.11 Theincineratingfurnaceshallbedesignedsothatwhen
grounded or “hot” side of the circuit.All electrical contacts of
it is charged with solid waste either by hand or automatically,
everysafetydeviceinstalledinthesamecontrolcircuitshallbe
the fire dangers shall be avoided and charging is performed
electricallyconnectedinseries.However,specialconsideration
without danger to the operating personnel.
shall be given to arrangements when certain devices are wired
5.11.1 For instance, where charging is carried out by hand,
in parallel.
except as provided for in 5.11.2, a charging lock shall be
5.17.1.6 All electrical components and devices shall have a
providedwhichensuresthatthechargingspaceisisolatedfrom
voltage rating commensurate with the supply voltage of the
the fire box as long as the filling hatch is open.
control system.
5.11.2 Where charging is not affected through a charging
lock,aninterlockshallbeinstalledtopreventthechargingdoor 5.17.1.7 All electrical devices shall be at least NEMAType
from opening while the incinerator is in operation or while the 2 (drip tight). Electric equipment exposed to the weather shall
furnace temperature is above 220°C (428°F). be at least NEMA Type 4.
F1323 − 14 (2020)
5.17.1.8 All electrical and mechanical control devices shall 5.17.6.1 Means shall be provided for grounding the major
be of a type tested and accepted by a nationally recognized metallic frame or assembly of the incinerators.
testing agency.
5.17.6.2 Noncurrent carrying enclosures, frames, and simi-
5.17.1.9 The design of the control circuits shall be such that lar parts of all electrical components and devices shall be
limit, and primary safety controls shall directly open a circuit bonded to the main frame or assembly of the incinerator.
that functions to interrupt the supply of fuel to combustion Electrical components that are bonded by their installation do
units. not require a separate bonding conductor.
5.17.2 Overcurrent Protection:
5.17.6.3 When an insulated conductor is used to bond the
5.17.2.1 Conductors for interconnecting wiring that is
grounding system for electrical components and devices, it
smaller than the supply conductors shall be provided with shall show a continuous green color, with or without a yellow
overcurrent protection based on the size of the smallest stripe.
interconnecting conductors external to any control box.
5.18 Fasteners for components susceptible to vibration shall
5.17.2.2 Overcurrent protection for interconnecting wiring
use self-locking nuts.
shall be located at the point where the smaller conductors
5.19 Shredder Requirements (if shredder is used):
connect to the larger conductors. However, overall overcurrent
5.19.1 The shredder and downstream conveyor/stoker sys-
protectionisacceptableifitissizedonthebasisofthesmallest
tem shall have access ports to enable the operator to access
conductors of the interconnecting wiring.
areas where trash is likely to jam.
5.17.2.3 Overcurrent protection devices shall be accessible
5.19.2 Interlocks shall be installed on the access ports that
and their function shall be identified.
enable them to be opened only when the shredder and
5.17.3 Motors:
conveyor/stoker system is de-energized.Access ports that have
5.17.3.1 Motorsexposedtodrippingorsprayingoilorwater
anopenpathtothefurnaceshallbeinterlockedtopreventthem
shall be of drip-proof construction. All motors shall be fully
from being opened when the furnace temperature is above
guarded as installed.
220°C (428°F)
5.17.3.2 Motors shall be provided with a corrosion-resistant
5.19.3 The shredder and downstream conveyor system (if
nameplate specifying information in accordance with NFPA
thereisnoopenpathfromtheconveyortothefurnace)shallbe
No. 70, Article 430-7.
capable of being de-energized independently for routine main-
5.17.3.3 Motors shall be provided with running protection
tenance without having to de-energize the entire incinerator
by means of integral thermal protection, or by overcurrent
system. The shredder and downstream conveyor system shall
devices, or a combination thereof, in accordance with the
be isolated by separate power switches so that they can be
manufacturer’s instructions that shall be based on the require-
lockedopenedwithouthavingtoaccessanyothercontrolpanel
ments of NFPA No. 70.
that would have to remain energized to maintain incinerator
5.17.3.4 Motors shall be rated for continuous duty and shall
operation.
be designed for an ambient temperature of 50°C (122°F) or
higher.
6. Operating Requirements
5.17.3.5 All motors shall be provided with terminal leads or
terminal screws in terminal boxes integral with, or secured to,
6.1 The incinerator system shall be designed and con-
the motor frames.
structed for operation with the following conditions:
5.17.4 Ignition System:
Maximum combustion chamber temperature 1200°C (2158°F)
5.17.4.1 When automatic electric ignition is provided, it Minimum combustion chamber temperature 850°C (1560°F)
Preheat temperature of combustion chamber 650°C (1200°F)
shall be accomplished by means of either a high-voltage
electric spark, a high-energy electric spark, or a glow coil.
For batch-loaded incinerators, there are no preheating requirements.
However, the incinerator shall be so designed that the temperature in the
5.17.4.2 Ignition transformers shall conform to require-
actual combustion space shall reach 600°C (1110°F) within 5 min after start.
ments of the UL 506.
Prepurge, before at least 4 air changes in the chamber(s) and stack, but
5.17.4.3 Ignition cable shall conform to requirements of the
ignition not less than 15 s
UL 814.
Time between at least 4 air changes in the chamber(s) and stack, but
5.17.5 Wiring:
restarts not less than 15 s
5.17.5.1 All wiring for incinerators shall be rated for the
maximum operating temperature to which it will potentially be
Postpurge, after not less than 15 s after the closing of the fuel oil valve
shutoff of fuel
exposed. Such wiring shall be in accordance with NFPA No.
oil
70.All wiring between components shall have copper conduc-
6.2 Incinerating systems shall be operated with underpres-
tors and be constructed in accordance with the NFPA No. 70.
sure (negative pressure) in the combustion chamber such that
5.17.5.2 All electrical wiring shall have a voltage rating
no gases or smoke can leak out to the surrounding areas (see
commensurate with the voltage of the power supply.
7.3.1.3).
5.17.5.3 Conductors shall be protected from physical dam-
age where appropriate.
6.3 The incinerator shall have warning plates attached in a
5.17.5.4 Conductors shall be sized on the basis of the rated prominent location on the unit, warning against unauthorized
current of the load they supply.
opening of doors to combustion chamber(s) during operation
5.17.6 Bonding and Grounding: and against overloading the incinerator with waste.
F1323 − 14 (2020)
6.4 The incinerator shall have instruction plate(s) attached control shall be so designed that the failure of any component
in a prominent location on the unit that clearly addresses the will cause a safety shutdown and prevent automatic restarting.
following:
7.3.2.2 The flame safeguard control shall be capable of
closingthefuelvalvesinnotmorethan4safteraflamefailure.
6.4.1 Cleaning ashes and slag from the combustion cham-
7.3.2.3 The flame safeguard control shall provide a trial-for-
ber(s) and cleaning of combustion air openings before starting
ignition period of not more than 10 s during which fuel is to be
the incinerator (where applicable).
suppliedtoestablishflame.Ifflameisnotestablishedwithin10
6.4.2 Operating procedures and instructions. These shall
s, the fuel supply to the burners shall be immediately shut off
include system diagrams (combustion/cooling air, fuel,
automatically. Where a light oil pilot is used, the flame
electrical, and waste processing), and procedures for proper
safeguard control shall provide a trial-for-ignition period for
start-up, normal operation, normal shutdown, and emergency
the pilot of not more than 10 s. If flame is not established
shutdown.
within 10 s, the fuel supply to the pilot shall be immediately
6.5 The flue gas shall be shock cooled to a maximum 350°C
shut off automatically.
(660°F) within 2.5 m from the combustion chamber flue gas
7.3.2.4 Whenever the flame safeguard control has operated
outlet.
because of failure of ignition, flame failure, or failure of any
component, manual reset of the flame safeguard control shall
7. Operating Controls
be required for restart.
7.3.2.5 Flame safeguard controls of the thermostatic type,
7.1 The entire unit shall be capable of being disconnected
such as stack switches and pyrostats operated by means of an
from all sources of electricity by means of one disconnect
open bimetallic helix, are prohibited.
switch located near the incinerator (see 5.17.1.1).
7.3.2.6 If fuel oil pressure drops below that set by the
7.2 There shall be an emergency stop switch located outside
manufacturer, a failure and lockout of the program relay shall
the compartment that stops all power to the equipment. The
result. This also applies to a sludge oil used as a fuel. (Applies
emergency stop switch shall also be able to stop all power to
where pressure is important for the combustion process or
the fu
...