SIST EN 16516:2018+A1:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16516:2018
Gradbeni proizvodi - Ocenjevanje sproščanja nevarnih snovi - Določevanje emisije
v notranji zrak (vključuje dopolnilo A1)
Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Determination
of emissions into indoor air
Bauprodukte: Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Stoffen - Bestimmung von
Emissionen in die Innenraumluft
Produits de construction : Évaluation de l'émission de substances dangereuses -
Détermination des émissions dans l'air intérieur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16516:2017+A1:2020
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
91.100.01 Gradbeni materiali na Construction materials in
splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16516:2017+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.20; 91.100.01 Supersedes EN 16516:2017
English Version
Construction products: Assessment of release of
dangerous substances - Determination of emissions into
indoor air
Produits de construction : Évaluation de l'émission de Bauprodukte: Bewertung der Freisetzung von
substances dangereuses - Détermination des émissions gefährlichen Stoffen - Bestimmung von Emissionen in
dans l'air intérieur die Innenraumluft
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 July 2017 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 24 May 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16516:2017+A1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviations . 14
4 Intended conditions of use, emission scenarios and European reference room . 14
4.1 Intended conditions of use and emission scenario . 14
4.2 Reference room and emission scenario . 15
4.3 Time schedule of emission(s) determination . 16
5 Product sampling and transport to the laboratory . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 Objective of sampling . 16
5.3 Preparation of a sampling plan and sampling strategy . 16
5.4 Information from the testing laboratory needed to complement the product
sampling plan . 18
5.5 Packaging and transport of laboratory sample. 18
5.6 Sample description, marking of laboratory samples and the sampling report . 19
5.7 Chain of custody report . 19
5.8 Dispatch of product samples, time schedule . 19
6 Handling of product samples in the laboratory . 20
6.1 Storage of sample in the testing laboratory . 20
6.2 Preparation of the test specimen . 20
7 Test chamber conditions . 21
7.1 Principles . 21
7.2 Dimensions of test specimen . 21
7.3 Loading factor . 21
7.4 Ventilation . 22
7.5 Air velocity . 22
7.6 Cleanliness of test chamber . 22
7.7 Testing climate (temperature, relative humidity of supply air) . 22
7.8 Storage of test specimen . 22
7.9 Large products or inhomogeneous products . 23
7.10 Volume of test chamber . 23
7.11 Placement of test specimen in test chamber . 23
8 Determination of vapour-phase !deleted text" compounds in test chamber air. 23
8.1 Common requirements . 23
8.2 Determination of VOCs and SVOCs in test chamber air . 24
8.3 Determination of formaldehyde and some other volatile and very volatile carbonyl
compounds in test chamber air . 32
8.4 !Determination of ammonia in test chamber air . 33
8.5 Other general aspects of quality control . 35
9 Calculation of specific emission rates and expression of results at the reference
room . 35
10 Reporting for the horizontal reference method . 38
10.1 General . 38
10.2 Sampling . 38
10.3 Handling of samples in the laboratory, preparation of test specimen . 38
10.4 Test chamber conditions . 39
10.5 Determination of vapour-phase organic compounds !and ammonia" in test
chamber air . 39
10.6 Calculation and reporting of test results. 39
11 Indirect methods . 40
Annex A (informative)  . 41
Repeatability and reproducibility
A.1 Repeatability . 41
A.2 Reproducibility . 41
Annex B (informative) Examples of indirect methods (also called simplified, screening,
secondary, derived or alternative methods) . 43
B.1 General . 43
B.2 Indirect methods-emissions testing . 43
B.3 Indirect methods specifying alternative procedures . 44
B.4 Other secondary methods — Prediction of results at specified time . 44
Annex C (informative) Information on very volatile organic compound (VVOC) testing . 45
Annex D (informative) Example of a form for the sampling report. 46
Annex E (informative) Example form for a chain of custody report . 47
Annex F (informative) Benzene artefact generation on Tenax . 48
Annex G (normative) List of non-carcinogenic VOCs . 49
Annex H (informative) List of carcinogenic VOCs . 57

European foreword
This document (EN 16516:2017+A1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351
“Construction Products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances”, the secretariat of which is
held by NEN.
!Amendment 1 is a complement to EN 16516:2017. It concerns the measurement of ammonia
emissions from construction products."
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 24 May 2020.
This document supersedes !EN 16516:2017".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard was developed under the remit of Mandate M/366 'Development of horizontal
standardized assessment methods for harmonised approaches relating to dangerous substances under
the Construction Products Directive (CPD)', addressing the preparation of horizontal measurement/test
methods for the determination of emission of regulated dangerous substances from construction
products into indoor air, soil, surface water and ground water. This mandate is a complement to the
product mandates granted by the European Commission to CEN under European law for construction
products. The harmonized products standards (hEN) developed in CEN under mandates from the
European Commission specify construction product(s) as put on the market and address their intended
conditions of use. The text of Mandate M/366 is available at www.centc351.org.
Details of relevant European or national regulations are available in the “TRIS database” [1].
This European Standard has gone through a robustness validation for identifying how small changes in
specific testing parameters can influence the test result. This study also delivered data on repeatability
within one testing laboratory (see Annex A) and has since been expanded to include reproducibility
data from further round robin tests between different laboratories (see Annex A).
The responsibility for product specification lies with the product TCs, as described in CEN/TR 16496.
This determination of emission into indoor air is carried out on products under their intended
conditions of use. The intended use of a construction product is generally specified in the corresponding
harmonized product standard. The specific emission rates determined using this European Standard
are associated with application of the product in a defined European Reference Room under specified
climate (temperature and humidity) and ventilation conditions. Converting the test results into a
concentration in the air of the reference room is essential because it is not possible to evaluate
emissions in all possible use scenarios.
The reference room dimensions, associated product loading factors, as well as climate and ventilation
conditions are selected to represent the general indoor environment (see Clause 4). Based on the huge
amount of available European experience, it was possible to identify one emission scenario and one
reference room and associated set of product loading factors to be used.
This European Standard specifies the horizontal reference method for testing the emission (release) of
dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air. This method uses a test chamber in
which emissions are generated under conditions which are kept constant during the test. These
conditions are selected so that the test results can be expressed in terms of concentrations of dangerous
substances in the air of the reference room (see Clause 7 and Clause 9). It should be noted that the test
chamber is defined in terms of performance requirements. This responds to the requirement of
Mandate M/366 for a horizontal approach while maintaining sufficient flexibility on chamber
dimensions to ensure representative samples of different materials can be accommodated
(see Clause 5). Clause 8 of this European Standard specifies how emitted regulated dangerous
substances should be analysed.
This European Standard also addresses separately (see Clause 11 and Annex B) indirect methods that
provide a result that is comparable or that correlates with the result of the reference method within
their specified field of application. Such methods may be easier and/or cheaper to apply. They are in
accordance with Mandate M/366 provided that their comparability or correlation to the reference test
method has been demonstrated in their specific field of application.
The selection of one emission scenario and one reference room for evaluating emissions to indoor air is
in general accordance with the approach taken in existing European national regulations and voluntary
schemes relating to emissions from construction products into indoor air. It also accords with the
horizontal requirements of Mandate M/366. The aim of this European Standard is not to develop a new
testing method but to combine by normative references the use of existing standards. This approach is
complemented, when necessary, with additional and/or modified requirements to ensure all
construction products are evaluated under comparable conditions as required by the horizontal
concept specified in Mandate M/366.
In summary, the horizontal test method specified in this European Standard determines the specific
emission rate of vapour phase organic compounds from a construction product into indoor air. This can
be converted into a concentration in the air of the reference room by calculation.
This European Standard has not been evaluated for the determination of 'steady-state' concentration of
formaldehyde.
NOTE A European Standard (EN 717–1) exists for the determination of formaldehyde emissions from wood-
based panels, in terms of 'steady-state' concentrations.
1 Scope
!This document specifies a horizontal reference method for the determination of emissions of
regulated dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air. This method is applicable
to volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, very volatile aldehydes and ammonia.
It is based on the use of a test chamber and subsequent analysis of the organic compounds by GC-MS,
HPLC, and for ammonia, subsequent analysis by spectrophotometric methods or any equivalent
analytical methods (such as ion chromatography and ammonium specific electrode)."
NOTE 1 Supplemental information is given on indirect test methods (see Annex B) and on measuring very
volatile organic compounds (see Annex C).
NOTE 2 This European Standard describes the overall procedure and makes use of existing standards mainly
by normative reference, complemented when necessary with additional or modified normative requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TR 16220:2011, Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances -
Complement to sampling
EN 16687, Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Terminology
EN ISO 13137, Workplace atmospheres - Pumps for personal sampling of chemical and biological agents -
Requirements and test methods (ISO 13137)
EN ISO 16000-9:2006, Indoor air - Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds
from building products and furnishing - Emission test chamber method (ISO 16000-9:2006)
EN ISO 16000-11, Indoor air - Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing - Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens (ISO
16000-11)
EN ISO 16017-1, Indoor, ambient and workplace air - Sampling and analysis of volatile organic
compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography - Part 1: Pumped sampling
(ISO 16017-1)
ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing — Specifications
!ISO 7150-1, Water quality — Determination of ammonium — Part 1: Manual spectrometric
method"
ISO 16000-3, Indoor air — Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in
indoor air and test chamber air — Active sampling method
ISO 16000-6, Indoor air — Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test
chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using
MS or MS-FID
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16687 and the following apply.
NOTE 1 In the event of any conflict between the definitions of terms in the cited normative reference
documents and those in EN 16687 or in this document, the definitions given in EN 16687 and this document have
precedence.
NOTE 2 Several of the defined terms on product sampling are closely related, which is also depicted in Figure 1.
This figure and the relevant definitions are taken from CEN/TR 16220:2011:

Figure 1 — Relation between the key terms of product sampling
3.1.1 Terms relating to sampling and products:
3.1.1.1
average sample
composite sample, aggregated sample
two or more increments/subsamples mixed together in appropriate proportions, either discretely or
continuously(blended composite sample), from which the average result of a desired characteristic can
be obtained
[SOURCE: adapted from ISO 11074:2015, 4.3.3]
3.1.1.2
curing
hardening of freshly prepared mixtures under well-defined conditions (time, temperature, humidity,
etc.) specified in harmonized product standards
3.1.1.3
curing time
minimal time defined necessary for curing before an emission test can be executed to obtain test results
that are relevant to in use conditions
3.1.1.4
increment
individual portion of material collected by a single operation of a sampling device
[SOURCE: adapted from ISO 11074:2015, 4.1.8 as in CEN/TR 16220:2011, 2.4.5]
3.1.1.5
laboratory sample
sample or sub-sample(s) sent to or received by the laboratory
Note 1 to entry: The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection but it is
the initial sample from the point of view of the laboratory.
[SOURCE: IUPAC, 2.5.5]
3.1.1.6
population
totality of items under consideration
[SOURCE: adapted from ISO 11074:2015, 4.1.11 as in CEN/TR 16220:2011, 2.4.3]
Note 1 to entry: In the case of a random variable, the probability distribution is considered to define the
population of that variable.
3.1.1.7
sample
representative portion of product or material selected from a larger quantity of product or material
[SOURCE: IUPAC, 2.1.1]
3.1.1.8
sampling plan
predetermined procedure for the selection, withdrawal, preservation and transportation of product
samples
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 16220:2011, 2.3]
3.1.1.9
scale
minimum quantity (mass, volume or units) of the product for which representative test results can be
obtained
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 16220:2011, 2.4.4]
3.1.1.10
sub-population
defined part of the population
[SOURCE: adapted from ISO 11074:2015, 4.1.29 as in CEN/TR 16220:2011, 2.4.3]
3.1.2 Terms relating to emissions into indoor air and associated laboratory testing:
3.1.2.1
air change rate
ratio of the volume of air brought into the test chamber per hour and the volume of the empty test
chamber
Note 1 to entry: Air change rate is expressed per h.
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.1]
3.1.2.2
air flow rate ventilation rate
air volume entering into the emission test chamber per unit of time
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.2]
3.1.2.3
chamber blank value
test result obtained by carrying out the test procedure in the absence of a test portion/specimen
3.1.2.4
compound recovery
measured mass concentration of a target vapour phase organic compound (VVOC, VOC or SVOC) in the
air leaving the emission test chamber during a given time period divided by the actual mass
concentration of the same target vapour phase organic compound added to the emission test chamber
air in the same time period, expressed in percent
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.9]
3.1.2.5
emission
liberation of chemical substances from a construction product into air
3.1.2.6
emission test chamber
enclosure with controlled operational parameters for the determination of vapour phase organic
compounds emitted from construction products
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.6]
3.1.2.7
emission test chamber concentration
mass concentration of a specific vapour phase organic compound (VVOC, VOC or SVOC) (or group of
vapour phase organic compounds) in test chamber air measured at the emission test chamber outlet
[SOURCE: EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.7]
3.1.2.8
intended conditions of use
conditions that a product is expected to experience during service life and that influence its emission
behaviour
3.1.2.9
mass concentration of the compound in the reference room air
calculated concentration of a specific vapour phase organic compound (VVOC, VOC or SVOC) or group of
vapour phase organic compounds in the reference room
3.1.2.10
product loading factor
ratio of exposed dimension of the test specimen to the empty test chamber volume
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.8]
3.1.2.11
reference room
room with specified dimensions, climate and ventilation used as a reference for calculating and
reporting product emissions, assuming inert surfaces
Note 1 to entry: In this European Standard, a reference room is specified in 4.2.
Note 2 to entry: The reference room serves as a convention and is a model that does not represent a real room.
3.1.2.12
specific air flow rate
q
ratio of air change rate and product loading factor
Note 1 to entry: Specific air flow rate can be expressed as the area specific air flow rate qA, equivalent to ratio of
3 2
the air flow rate and the surface area of the test specimen in [m /m⋅h], which is equivalent to the expression
[m/h].
3 3
Note 2 to entry: Specific air flow rates can alternatively be volume specific (q expressed in m /(m⋅h)), length
v
3 3
specific (qL expressed in m /(m⋅h)), mass specific (qm expressed in m /(kg⋅h)), or unit specific (qu expressed in
m /(unit⋅h)).
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.4]
3.1.2.13
specific emission rate
SER (emission factor)
mass of a vapour phase organic compound emitted (VVOC, VOC or SVOC) per unit of product per unit of
time at a given time from the start of the test
Note 1 to entry: This definition is intended to avoid confusion between the terms q (in 3.1.2.13) and qx with a
subscript (q , q , q , q , q used for specific air flow rate in EN ISO 16000-9:2006). The specific emission rate can
A L v m u
be related to area, length, volume, mass or unit, expressed as SERA in µg/(m⋅h), SERL in µg/(m⋅h), SERV in
µg/(m⋅h), SER in µg/(kg⋅h), or SER expressed in µg/(u⋅h).
m U
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.11]
3.1.2.14
test portion
quantity or volume removed from the test sample for analysis purposes, generally of known weight,
area or volume
[SOURCE: IUPAC, 2.5.7]
3.1.2.15
test sample
sample, prepared from the laboratory sample from which test portions are removed for testing or for
analysis
[SOURCE: IUPAC, 2.5.6]
3.1.2.16
test specimen
test portion specially prepared for emission testing in an emission test chamber in order to simulate the
emission behaviour of the product under intended conditions of use
EXAMPLE In case of floorings the test portion is a defined area of the flooring. The test specimen is prepared
from this by covering the edges and the back of the flooring, because these surfaces do not come into contact with
the indoor air when the flooring is in normal use.
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.13]
3.1.3 Terms relating to determination of emitted substances:
3.1.3.1
LCI value
Lowest Concentration of Interest
substance-specific value, quoted in terms of mass concentration in the air of the reference room, for
health- related evaluation of emission levels from construction products
Note 1 to entry: This term can be used in conjunction with any available list of LCI values.
3.1.3.2
limit value
numerical limit derived from national, European or contractual provisions
3.1.3.3
R value
sum of all R values obtained during a given test
i
3.1.3.4
R value
i
ratio C / LCI , where
i i
— C is the mass concentration in the air of the reference room;
i
— LCI is the LCI value of compound i
i
3.1.3.5
semi-volatile organic compound
SVOC
organic compounds which elute after n-hexadecane and up to and including n-docosane, on the gas
chromatographic column specified as a 5 % phenyl / 95 % methyl polysiloxane capillary column minus
all compounds listed in Annex G, which are considered to be VOCs and not SVOCs even if they elute after
n-hexadecane under the specific test conditions
3.1.3.6
target compound
compound for which the test result is compared with a compound specific limit value
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.12]
3.1.3.7
total semi-volatile organic compounds
TSVOC
sum of the concentrations of the identified and unidentified semi-volatile organic compounds, as
defined in 3.1.3.5, calculated by summing the reference room concentrations of every individual
compound (target and non-target, identified and unidentified) eluting after n-hexadecane and up to and
including n-docosane using the specified column, and calculated using the TIC response factor for
toluene after subtracting the blank values and after excluding compounds calculated to be below
5 μg/m in the air of the reference room using the TIC response factor for toluene, excluding all
compounds listed in Annex G even if they elute after n-hexadecane under the specific test conditions
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.14]
3.1.3.8
total volatile organic compounds
TVOC
sum of the concentrations of the identified and unidentified volatile organic compounds as defined in
3.1.3.11, calculated by summing the reference room concentrations of every individual compound
(target and non-target, identified and unidentified) eluting between n-hexane and n-hexadecane
inclusively using the specified column, and calculated using the TIC response factor for toluene after
subtracting the blank values and after excluding compounds calculated to be below 5 μg/m in the air of
the reference room using the TIC response factor for toluene, additionally all compounds listed in
Annex G are included even if they elute after n-hexadecane or before n-hexane under the specific test
conditions
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.14]
3.1.3.9
vapour phase-organic compound
VVOC, VOC, SVOC
all very volatile, volatile and semi volatile organic compounds
3.1.3.10
very volatile organic compound
VVOC
volatile organic compound eluting before n-hexane on the gas chromatographic column specified as a
5 % phenyl / 95 % methyl polysiloxane capillary column, excluding all compounds listed in Annex G,
which are considered to be VOCs even if they elute before n-hexane under the specific test conditions
3.1.3.11
volatile organic compound
VOC
organic compound eluting between and including n-hexane and n-hexadecane on the gas
chromatographic column specified as a 5 % phenyl / 95 % methyl polysiloxane capillary column,
including all compounds listed in Annex G, which are considered to be VOCs even if they elute after n-
hexadecane or before n-hexane under the specific test conditions
[SOURCE: adapted from EN ISO 16000-9:2006, 3.15]
3.2 Abbreviations
GC Gas Chromatography
HPLC High performance liquid chromatography
LCI Lowest Concentration of Interest
MS Mass Spectrometry
q Specific Air Flow Rate
R Ratio of concentration and limit value
SER Specific Emission Rate
SVOC Semi-Volatile Organic Compound
TIC Total Ion Chromatogram
TSVOC Total Semi-Volatile Organic Compound
TVOC Total Volatile Organic Compound
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
VVOC Very Volatile Organic Compound
4 Intended conditions of use, emission scenarios and European reference room
4.1 Intended conditions of use and emission scenario
The intended conditions of use describe the purpose, place and circumstances of typical application(s)
of a construction product as defined in a product standard. This includes the intended use, (e.g. for what
purpose, how the product typically is installed, etc.), and an emission scenario.
When determining emission into indoor air, the emission scenario specifies the climate and ventilation
conditions of the air surrounding the product in the reference room. The actual condition(s) of use in
reality may be different. It is not possible to evaluate emissions under all possible use scenarios.
Therefore, this European Standard specifies a set of conditions that are generally agreed to be
representative of use of the product in “normal” indoor environments, such that all construction
products can be evaluated under comparable conditions.
These defined conditions assume a standardized installation of the product in the reference room with
standardized dimensions, climate and ventilation.
4.2 Reference room and emission scenario
4.2.1 General
In this horizontal European Standard, only one reference room and one set of conditions are specified
and used as conventional references for any specification of emission rates and any calculation of the
related concentrations of emitted compounds in indoor air.
If any piece of legislation or a particular application of the test requires a different reference room then
the results may be transformed by calculations within the ranges where such calculations are valid
(see Clause 7 and Clause 9).
The reference room serves as a convention and is a model that does not represent a real room.
4.2.2 Dimensions and loading factors in the reference room
The dimensions of the reference room are listed below:
— the walls are 2,5 m high;
— floor and ceiling both measure 3 m x 4 m resulting in surfaces of 12 m each;
— there is one door of 0,8 m (width) × 2 m (height) (1,6 m );
— there is one window of 2 m ;
— sealants and other very small surfaces up to 0,2 m .
2 3
The total wall area (minus door and window) is 31,4 m . The total air volume is 30 m .
Using these reference room dimensions, the product standards shall specify one of the following loading
factors L, depending on the product type:
2 3
— 1,0 m /m – walls;
2 3
— 0,4 m /m – floor, ceiling;
2 3
— 0,05 m /m – small surfaces, e.g. door, window, heating system;
2 3
— 0,007 m /m – very small surfaces, e.g. sealants.
If the above surfaces and associated loading factors do not represent the intended conditions of use for
a specific product, the product TC shall specify use of the surface and resulting loading factor that are
nearest, or sum the relevant loading factors if appropriate. The test report shall clearly mention for
what loading factor the test results were calculated. The reference room concentrations for other
loading factors can be calculated with Formulae (5a) and (6a) (see Clause 9).
NOTE In this European Standard, the reference room dimensions and associated loading factors are
normative and correspond to a small normal living room. However, the corresponding loading factors remain
similar to those given in the informative annex of EN ISO 16000-9:2006.
4.2.3 Ventilation in the reference room
The rate of ventilation with fresh air is specified at 0,5 air changes per hour (15 m /h) for the reference
room. This is considered, by convention to represent, normal indoor air conditions.
NOTE 1 Real air change rates can deviate significantly from 0,5 air changes per hour.
NOTE 2 In Clause 9, a calculation formula is given for recalculation of a test result (when expressed as
concentration in air) to another air change rate within a valid range.
4.2.4 Climate conditions in the reference room
The climate conditions specified in ISO 554 and in EN ISO 16000-9:2006, i.e. 23 °C and 50 % relative
humidity, shall be applied to the reference room to represent, by convention, general indoor air
conditions.
4.3 Time schedule of emission(s) determination
Long-term emissions shall be tested at 28 d after installation of the product in the test chamber, and if
necessary, short-term emissions shall be tested at three days.
At 28 d after installation of the product, either steady-state emissions have been reached, or the decay
of emissions has slowed. This situation may be reached earlier for some products. In such cases, an
optional shorter testing duration shall be clearly defined in the relevant product standards provided the
28-d requirements can be shown to be met. See Clause 11 for guidance on comparability testing.
NOTE The emissions of some materials could increase after 3 d.
5 Product sampling and transport to the laboratory
5.1 General
This clause summarizes the basic elements of sampling as a complement to the product-specific
sampling requirements which shall be given in relevant individual product standards
(see also CEN/TR 16220).
5.2 Objective of sampling
The objective of sampling is to obtain a laboratory sample that:
— is sufficiently representative of the construction product being assessed;
— meets the requirements of the test(s) to be performed (e.g. enables sufficient and suitable test
specimens to be prepared).
5.3 Preparation of a sampling plan and sampling strategy
5.3.1 General
The relevant product standards shall require development of a sampling plan prior to actual product
sampling.
NOTE 1 Existing sampling plans for testing other product properties may not always address all the needs of
testing emissions of regulated dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air.
NOTE 2 More information on sampling can be found in CEN/TR 16220.
5.3.2 Sampling approach
The most appropriate sampling approach shall be selected in the sampling plan, either probabilistic
sampling or selective (or informed) sampling.
NOTE This includes balancing the pros and cons of each approach, i.e. weighing the practicality, time and cost
of sampling against the need to meet sampling objectives. Such a decision requires detailed knowledge of the
product to be sampled and the associated manufacturing processes.
5.3.3 Population and sub-population
The relevant product standards shall specify how to select the population and sub-population for
emission testing.
5.3.4 Scale
The relevant product standards shall specify how to select the scale that shall be represented by the
laboratory sample.
5.3.5 Size of samples, of increments when relevant, and sampling techniques
The relevant product standards shall specify the size of samples taken, and the required sampling
techniques, taking into account:
— specification and characteristics of the product to be sampled;
— minimum size of the sample(s) necessary for testing (and of increments, where relevant); the
sample size should allow the production of at least three test specimens in order that the emission
test can be repeated in case of doubt or dispute on the test results;
— any necessary measures to maintain the integrity of a sample.
Sampling activities shall have minimal impact on the integrity of the sampled product. The relevant
product standards shall specify how to minimize:
— evaporation of volatile substances;
— creation of new surface, e.g. by cutting, if this cannot be avoided for obtaining a sample;
— deterioration of the product due to heat production during sampling, e.g. sawing;
— contamination of the sample(s) by the sampling devices and/or by other sample(s).
The relevant product standards can specify how the actual test specimen shall be prepared from the
sampled material in the testing laboratory.
NOTE This applies in particular to products that are placed on the market in one form and used in another
form. As an example, some tile adhesives are sampled as powder (as distributed), but then need to be mixed with
water to make the test specimen (as they would be before real use).
Complex, composite and large products shall be evaluated as a whole unit. For practical purposes, the
relevant product standards may foresee testing of:
— a small-scale model of the product provided it is representative of the product as manufactured;
— specified sections of the product provided these are representative of the entire product;
— significant components of the product if the individual test results of sections or components can be
combined to represent the whole product.
The declaration of performance covers products as they are used in their intended use. As some
products are applied together with other products, this should be t
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