SIST-TS CEN/TS 17035:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17035:2018
01-januar-2018
Površinsko aktivne snovi - Površinsko aktivne snovi na biološki osnovi - Zahteve
in preskusne metode
Surface Active Agents - Bio-based surfactants - Requirements and test methods
Grenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Bio-basierte Tenside - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Agents de surface - Agents tensioactifs biosourcés - Exigences et méthodes d'essais
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 17035:2017
ICS:
13.020.55 Biološki izdelki Biobased products
71.100.40 Površinsko aktivna sredstva Surface active agents
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17035:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 17035:2018

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 17035:2018


CEN/TS 17035
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE

March 2017
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 13.020.55; 71.100.40
English Version

Surface Active Agents - Bio-based surfactants -
Requirements and test methods
Agents de surface - Agents tensioactifs biosourcés - Grenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Biobasierte Tenside -
Exigences et méthodes d'essais Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 11 December 2016 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIO N

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUN G

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 17035:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Generalities on surfactants. 8
5 Performance of surfactants . 8
5.1 Generalities related to performance . 8
5.2 Technical performance properties . 9
5.2.1 Chemical composition . 9
5.2.2 Solubility . 9
5.2.3 Surface and interfacial tension . 9
5.2.4 Foaming power . 9
5.2.5 Wetting performance . 9
5.2.6 Emulsion power . 10
6 Health, safety and environmental requirements . 10
7 Bio-based content . 10
7.1 Generalities . 10
7.2 Surfactant classification . 11
7.3 Analytical approach . 11
8 Sustainability . 12
9 End of life . 12
10 Declaration and product labelling . 13
Bibliography . 14

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European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 17035:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 276 “Surface
active agents”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This document has been prepared under Mandate M/491 [10] of the European Commission, addressed
to CEN for the development of European Standards for solvents and surfactants in relation to bio-based
product aspects. It has been prepared by CEN/TC 276/WG 3 “Bio-surfactants”, the secretariat of which
is held by AFNOR.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
Bio-based raw materials have been used for millennia in the manufacture of surfactants, e.g. the first
surfactant used by mankind, was already completely bio-based – soap. With the advent of modern
surfactants in the early 20th Century, petrochemical-based raw materials also became of interest. They
offered the opportunity to tune the surfactant properties, in a broader sense, to their various
applications.
The last decades have seen the emergence of new bio-based raw materials for surfactants. Some of the
reasons for the increased interest lie in the bio-based products’ potential benefits in relation to the
depletion of fossil resources and climate change.
Acknowledging the need for common standards for bio-based products, the European Commission
1)
issued Mandate M/492 , resulting in a series of standards developed by CEN/TC 411, with a focus on
bio-based products other than food, feed and biomass for energy applications.
The standards of CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products” provide a common basis on the following aspects:
2)
— common terminology ;
— bio-based content determination;
3)
;
— Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
4)
— sustainability aspects ;
— declaration tools.
It is important to understand what the term “bio-based product” covers and how it is being used. The
term “bio-based” means “derived wholly or partly from biomass”. It is essential to characterize the
amount of biomass contained in the product by, for instance, its (total) bio-based content or bio-based
carbon content.
The bio-based content of a product itself does not provide information on its environmental impact or
sustainability, which may be assessed through Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), LCA and sustainability
criteria. In addition, transparent and unambiguous communication within bio-based value chains is
facilitated by a harmonized framework for certification and declaration.
Breaking down the horizontal standards to bio-based products like bio-based surfactants, the European
Commission issued Mandate M/491, resulting in standards developed by CEN/TC 276. This Technical
Specification has been developed with the aim to fulfil part of the Mandate to describe the technical
requirements of bio-based surfactants. The criteria for “bio-based surfactants” published in this
Technical Specification are complementary to the horizontal standards by CEN/TC 411.
Surfactants are products which have the ability to reduce interfacial/surface tension, wet surfaces,
suspend materials or emulsify oils and fats. In Europe, thousands of producers, manufacturers and

1) A mandate is a standardization task embedded in European trade laws. The M/492 Mandate is addressed to
the European Standardization bodies, i.e. CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, for the development of horizontal European
Standards for bio-based products. The M/491 Mandate is addressed to the development of European Standards
for bio-solvents and bio-surfactants.
2) EN 16575.
3) EN 16760.
4) EN 16751.
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nearly every inhabitant use surfactants every day in consumer or industrial applications. The
surfactant-producing industry is composed of mainly multinationals. Downstream users are found in
multinationals as well as SME's.
Surfactants may be produced from both fossil and renewable carbon feedstock (ref. EN 16575 -
vocabulary). The amount of crude oil used for surfactant production is, however, low with less than 1 %
of the total world's crude oil consumption.
Finally, the approach for these Technical Reports/Specifications/Standards intends to strengthen and
harmonize the reputation of “bio-based surfactants” and the confidence of the customer in this product
group.
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1 Scope
This Technical Specification sets requirements for bio-based surfactants in terms of properties, limits,
application classes and test methods. It lays down the characteristics and details for assessment of bio-
based surfactants as to whether they:
— are fit for purpose in terms of performance related properties;
— comply with the requirements regarding the health, safety and environment which apply to general
surfactants;
— are derived from a certain minimum percentage of biomass; and
— comply with at least similar sustainability criteria as comparable (non-bio-based) surfactants.
The criteria of the regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals
(REACH) [11] also apply to bio-based surfactants.
NOTE EN 16575 defines the term “bio-based” as derived from biomass and clarifies that “bio-based” does not
imply “biodegradable”. In addition, “biodegradable” does not necessarily imply the use of “bio-based” material.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1772, Surface active agents - Determination of wetting power by immersion (ISO 8022:1990 modified)
EN 1890, Surface active agents - Determination of cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents obtained
by condensation of ethylene oxide
EN 12458, Surface active agents - Determination of stability in hard water
EN 12728, Surface active agents - Determination of foaming power - Perforated disc beating method
EN 13955, Surface active agents - Determination of Krafft point and solubility of ionic surface active
agents
EN 13996, Surface active agents - Foaming power and antifoaming power - Turbine stirring method
EN 14210, Surface active agents - Determination of interfacial tension of solutions of surface active agents
by the stirrup or ring method
EN 14370, Surface active agents - Determination of surface tension
EN 14371, Surface active agents - Determination of foamability and degree of foamability - Circulation
test method
EN 16640, Bio-based products — Bio-based carbon content — Determination of the bio-based carbon
content using the radiocarbon method
EN 16575, Bio-based products - Vocabulary
EN 16751, Bio-based products - Sustainability criteria
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EN 16760, Bio-based products - Life Cycle Assessment
EN ISO 14040, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework (ISO
14040)
EN ISO 14044, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO
14044)
DIN 53902, Testing of surface active agents; determination of foaming power, modified Ross-Miles-method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16575 and the following apply.
3.1
surfactant
organic substance possessing surface activity which, dissolved in a liquid, particularly water, lowers the
surface or interfacial tension, by preferred adsorption at the liquid/vapour surface, or other interfaces
Note 1 to entry: “Substance” as defined in REACH [11].
[SOURCE: ISO 862:1995, Definition 1, modified — The term originally defined was “surface active
agent” and “a chemical compound” is replaced here with “organic substance” at the beginning of the
definition.]
3.2
bio-based surfactant
surfactant wholly or partly derived from biomass (based on biogenic carbon)
3.3
bio-surfactant
surfactant wholly based on biomass (based on biogenic carbon) produced either by chemical or
biotechnological processing
3.4
degradation
transformation of a compound into smaller component parts by means of physico-chemical processes,
which can occur due to abiotic processes such as oxidation and UV adsorption
3.5
biodegradation
transformation of a compound into smaller component parts by means of biological processes
3.6
ultimate biodegradation
breakdown of organic matter by micro-organisms in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, water
and mineral salts of any other elements present (mineralization) or in absence of oxygen to carbon
dioxide, methane and mineral salts, and in both cases the production of new biomass
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4 Generalities on surfactants
Surfactants are products which have the ability to reduce interfacial/surface tension, wet surfaces,
suspend materials, or emulsify oils and fats. They make it possible to process, apply, clean or separate
materials. Surfactants are widely used in consumer and professional products and for industrial
applications. Surfactants are typically used on their own or in combination with other surfactants and
other agents to fulfil the requirements of the respective applications.
Examples of applications for surfactants are:
— cleaning agent;
— foaming/defoaming agent;
— wetting agent;
— emulsifier;
— viscosity modifier;
— surface tension reducer;
— process aid;
— fabric softener.
NOTE For many applications to perform effectively, surfactants are essential (see for examples the website of
the TEGEWA e.V. (TExtilhilfsmittel” (textile auxiliaries), “GErbstoffe” (tanning agents) and “WAschrohstoffe”
5)
(detergent raw materials)) .
5 Performance of surfactants
5.1 Generalities related to performance
Performance and properties of any molecule, including surfactants, is determined by its chemical
structure and not by the origin of its raw materials.
This section gives a common set of technical properties characterizing the performance of surfactants
including bio-based surfactants. Due to the absence of international surfactant specification standards,
it is necessary to provide to potentia
...