SIST EN 12309-1:2023

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12309-1:2015
Absorpcijske in adsorpcijske plinske naprave za gretje in/ali hlajenje z grelno
močjo do vključno 70 kW - 1. del: Izrazi in definicije
Gas-fired sorption appliances for heating and/or cooling with a net heat input not
exceeding 70 kW - Part 1: Terms and definitions
Gasbefeuerte Sorptions-Geräte für Heizung und/oder Kühlung mit einer
Nennwärmebelastung nicht über 70 kW - Teil 1: Begriffe
Appareils à sorption fonctionnant au gaz pour le chauffage et/ou le refroidissement de
débit calorifique sur PCI inférieur ou égal à 70 kW - Partie 1 : Termes et définitions
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12309-1:2023
ICS:
01.040.27 Prenos energije in toplote Energy and heat transfer
(Slovarji) engineering (Vocabularies)
01.040.91 Gradbeni materiali in gradnja Construction materials and
(Slovarji) building (Vocabularies)
27.080 Toplotne črpalke Heat pumps
91.140.30 Prezračevalni in klimatski Ventilation and air-
sistemi conditioning systems
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 12309-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.27; 01.040.91; 27.080; 91.140.30 Supersedes EN 12309-1:2014
English Version
Gas-fired sorption appliances for heating and/or cooling
with a net heat input not exceeding 70 kW - Part 1: Terms
and definitions
Appareils à sorption fonctionnant au gaz pour le Gasbefeuerte Sorptions-Geräte für Heizung und/oder
chauffage et/ou le refroidissement de débit calorifique Kühlung mit einer Nennwärmebelastung nicht über 70
sur PCI inférieur ou égal à 70 kW - Partie 1 : Termes et kW - Teil 1: Begriffe
définitions
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 April 2023.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12309-1:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
1.1 Scope of EN 12309 . 4
1.2 Scope of this Part 1 of EN 12309 . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 5
3.1 Appliance types . 5
3.2 Appliance components . 7
3.3 Combustion products circuit . 10
3.4 Adjusting, control and safety devices . 10
3.5 Operation of the appliance . 12
3.6 Gases . 15
3.7 Conditions of operation, measurement and calculations . 17
Bibliography . 30
Index . 31

European foreword
This document (EN 12309-1:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 299 “Gas-fired
sorption appliances, indirect fired sorption appliances, gas-fired endothermic engine heat pumps and
domestic gas-fired washing and drying appliances”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by December 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12309-1:2014.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
terms and definitions used in the other parts have been added and existing terms and definitions have
been updated consistently to the other parts of this standard.
This standard comprises parts under the general title, Gas-fired sorption appliances for heating and/or
cooling with a net heat input not exceeding 70 kW. A list of all parts in a series can be found on the CEN
website.
These documents will be reviewed whenever new mandates could apply.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
1.1 Scope of EN 12309
Appliances covered by this document include one or a combination of the following:
— gas-fired sorption chiller;
— gas-fired sorption chiller/heater;
— gas-fired sorption heat pump;
— hybrids based on gas sorption appliances.
This document applies to appliances designed to be used for space heating or cooling or refrigeration
with or without heat recovery.
This document applies to appliances having flue gas systems of type B and C (according to EN 1749) and
to appliances designed for outdoor installations. EN 12309 does not apply to air conditioners, it only
applies to appliances having:
— integral burners under the control of fully automatic burner control systems,
— closed system refrigerant circuits in which the refrigerant does not come into direct contact with the
water or air to be cooled or heated,
— mechanical means to assist transportation of the combustion air and/or the flue gas.
The above appliances can have one or more primary or secondary functions (i.e. heat recovery).
In the case of packaged units (consisting of several parts), this standard applies only to those designed
and supplied as a complete package.
The appliances having their condenser cooled by air and by the evaporation of external additional water
are not covered by EN 12309.
Installations used for heating and/or cooling of industrial processes are not within the scope of EN 12309.
All the symbols given in this text are used regardless of the language used.
1.2 Scope of this Part 1 of EN 12309
This part of this document specifies the terms and definitions for gas-fired sorption appliances for heating
and/or cooling with a net heat input not exceeding 70 kW.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Appliance types
3.1.1
appliance
assembly of various parts according to the installation instructions, if the appliance is supplied to the
market in multiple parts
Note 1 to entry: Accessories provided optionally are not to be included.
Note 2 to entry: Appliance may be supplied to be marketed in one or more than one part.
3.1.2
absorption
process in which molecules of the refrigerant are dissolved into a liquid
3.1.3
adsorption
process in which molecules of the refrigerant are held at the surface of a solid (possibly porous) structure
3.1.4
air-conditioner
encased assembly or assemblies designed as an appliance to provide delivery of conditioned air to an
enclosed space (room for instance) or zone
Note 1 to entry: The medium used for distribution of heating and/or cooling is exclusively air.
3.1.5
bivalent appliance
encased assembly or assemblies designed and packaged which is made up of components that can be
tested separately
3.1.6
chiller
encased assembly or assemblies designed as an appliance, whose primary function is delivery of cooling
only, and whose primary function is dependent on circulation of fluid (refrigerant and/or solution) within
the absorption, adsorption or refrigerant circuit(s)
3.1.7
chiller/heater
encased assembly or assemblies, whose primary function is delivery of cooling and/or heating and whose
primary function of cooling is dependent on circulation of fluid (refrigerant and/or solution) within the
absorption, adsorption or refrigerant circuit(s)
Note 1 to entry: The primary function of heating only uses directly or indirectly the energy delivered by the
combustion system.
3.1.8
closed system
system in which the fluid within the refrigerant circuit (e.g. water, ammonia, etc.) providing heating or
cooling does not come into contact with the surrounding air or the heat transfer medium (e.g. water,
brine, air)
3.1.9
condensing appliance
appliance in which, under normal operating conditions and at certain operating water temperatures, the
water vapour in the combustion products is partially condensed in order to make use of the latent heat
of this water vapour for heating and/or heat recovery purposes
3.1.10
continuous appliance
appliance where the four phases of the sorption cycle (i.e. sorption-desorption-condensation-
evaporation) are processed continuously
Note 1 to entry: According to this definition, each phase of the sorption cycle is processed by a specific component.
Note 2 to entry: A continuous appliance operates in one or more of the following modes: steady-state, transient and
on-off.
3.1.11
alternating appliance
appliance where sorption module(s) alternately process the sorption and the desorption phases leading
to a cyclical operation
Note 1 to entry: According to this definition, the phases of the sorption cycle are shifted among the internal
components of the appliance. This concept is valid at least for the sorption module.
Note 2 to entry: An alternating appliance operates in one or more of the following modes: steady-state, transient
and on-off.
Note 3 to entry: The definition of alternating appliance applies to hybrid appliances with adsorption module and
adsorption appliances.
3.1.12
flueless appliance
outdoor appliance which is not designed to be fitted with external ducts to transport combustion air to,
or products of combustion away from, the appliance’s casing
3.1.13
gas fired appliance
appliance which mainly consumes gas for implementation of the function or functions, the electrical
power consumption being dedicated to auxiliaries needed for operation
3.1.14
heat pump
encased assembly or assemblies designed as an appliance whose primary function is delivery of heat
and/or cooling
Note 1 to entry: The primary function is dependent on circulation of fluid (refrigerant and/or solution) within the
absorption, adsorption or refrigerant circuit(s)).
3.1.15
hybrid appliance
encased assembly or assemblies utilizing at least two different technologies whose primary function is to
generate heat, including overall control system that selects, according to predefined parameters, which
technology (or combination thereof) satisfies the customers' requirements while minimizing energy
costs, consumption and/or carbon emissions
Note 1 to entry: Hybrid appliances according to the scope of this standard are based on gas fired technologies.
3.1.16
monovalent appliance
encased assembly or assemblies whose primary and secondary functions are dependent on circulation of
fluid (refrigerant and/or solution) within the absorption, adsorption or refrigerant circuit(s)
3.1.17
open system
system in which the fluid within the refrigerant circuit (e.g. water, etc.) providing heating or cooling
comes into direct contact with the heat transfer medium (e.g. water, air, etc.) which is to be heated or
cooled
3.1.18
primary function
main purpose for which the sorption appliance is designed
Note 1 to entry: In the case of chiller, the main purpose is the cooling function; in the case of a heat pump this is the
heating function.
3.1.19
packaged unit
factory assembly of components of heat pump, chiller or chiller/heater fixed on a common mounting to
form a discrete unit
3.1.20
sorption
physical and chemical process by which one substance becomes attached to another, that can be
absorption or adsorption
3.1.21
sorption appliance
appliance which use the physical and chemical process by which one substance becomes attached to
another to generate heat and/or cooling
Note 1 to entry: The medium used for distribution of heating and/or cooling is liquid.
3.2 Appliance components
3.2.1
aeration adjuster
device enabling the air to be set at the desired value according to the supply conditions
3.2.2
brine
liquid that has a freezing point depressed relative to water
3.2.3
gas circuit
part of the appliance that conveys or contains the gas between the appliance gas inlet connection and the
burner(s)
3.2.4
gas inlet connection
part of the appliance intended to be connected to the gas supply
3.2.5
gas rate adjuster
component allowing an authorized person to set the gas rate of the burner to a predetermined value
according to the supply conditions
Note 1 to entry: Adjustment may be progressive (screw adjuster) or in discrete steps (by changing restrictors).
Note 2 to entry: The adjusting screw of an adjustable pressure regulator is regarded as a rate adjuster.
3.2.6
heat recovery
collecting the energy rejected by the appliance whose primary control is in the cooling mode by means of
an additional heat exchanger (e.g. a chiller with an additional condenser or absorber)
3.2.7
heat transfer medium
any medium (e.g. air, water, brine, etc.) used for the transfer of heat to or from refrigerant-containing
parts of the appliance
Note 1 to entry: The medium may be
— the cooling medium circulating in the evaporator,
— the cooling medium circulating in the condenser and/or absorber and/or flue gas heat exchanger,
— the heat recovery medium circulating in the heat recovery heat exchanger.
3.2.8
ignition burner
burner whose flame is intended to ignite another burner
3.2.9
ignition device
means (flame, electrical ignition device or other device) used to ignite the gas at the ignition burner or at
the main burner
Note 1 to entry: This device can operate intermittently or permanently.
3.2.10
indoor heat exchanger
heat exchanger which is designed to transfer heat to the indoor part of the building or to the indoor hot
water supplies or to remove heat from these
Note 1 to entry: In the case of heat pumps operating in cooling mode, this is the evaporator. In the case of heat
pumps operating in heating mode, this is the condenser.
3.2.11
injector
component that admits the gas into a burner
3.2.12
main burner
burner that is intended to assure the thermal function of the appliance and is generally called “the burner”
3.2.13
mechanical joint
means of assuring the soundness of an assembly of several (generally metallic) parts without the use of
liquids, pastes, tapes, etc.
Note 1 to entry: The means are, for example:
— metal to metal joints;
— conical joints;
— toroidal sealing rings (“O” rings);
— flat joints.
3.2.14
outdoor heat exchanger
heat exchanger which is designed to remove heat from the outdoor ambient environment, or any other
available heat source, or to transfer heat to it
Note 1 to entry: In the case of heat pumps operating in cooling mode, this is the condenser. In the case of heat
pumps operating in heating mode, this is the evaporator.
Note 2 to entry: Both the heating and cooling functions of the sorption appliance may be classed as primary
functions if they satisfy the rational use of energy requirements for those functions.
3.2.15
out of service
procedure by which a control, adjuster or regulator (temperature, pressure, etc.) is put out of action and
sealed in this position
3.2.16
restrictor
part with an orifice, which is placed in the gas circuit so as to create a pressure drop and thus reduce the
gas pressure at the burner to a predetermined value for a given supply pressure and rate
3.2.17
sealing an adjuster
procedure by which an adjuster is set so that changing the setting of the adjuster breaks the sealing
material and makes the interference with the adjuster apparent
Note 1 to entry: A factory sealed adjuster is considered to be non-existent.
Note 2 to entry: A regulator is considered to be non-existent if it has been factory sealed in the fully opened
position.
3.2.18
secondary function
optional function of the sorption appliance, such as heating or cooling, which is not expected to satisfy
the rational use of energy requirements of a primary function
3.2.19
setting an adjuster
procedure by which an adjuster is immobilized in a position by some means (e.g. screw)
3.3 Combustion products circuit
3.3.1
combustion chamber
enclosure inside which combustion of the air/gas mixture takes place
3.3.2
draught diverter
device placed in the combustion products circuit to reduce the influence of flue pull and prevent down
draught affecting the burner performance and combustion
3.3.3
flue outlet
part of the appliance that connects with a duct to evacuate the products of combustion
3.3.4
flue terminal
device fitted at the end of the duct system that enables the discharge of flue gases and may, at the same
time, allow entry of combustion air
3.4 Adjusting, control and safety devices
3.4.1
adjustable pressure regulator
regulator provided with means for changing the outlet pressure setting
3.4.2
automatic burner control system
system comprising at least a programming unit and all the elements of a flame detector device
3.4.3
automatic shut-off valve
device that automatically opens, closes or varies the gas rate on a signal from the control circuit and/or
the safety circuit
3.4.4
control thermostat
device controlling the operation of the appliance by on/off, high/low or modulating control and enabling
the temperature to be kept automatically, within a given tolerance, at a predetermined value
3.4.5
fan delay control
control that starts and/or stops the air delivery fan when the temperature of the delivered air reaches a
certain predetermined value
3.4.6
flame detector device
device by which the presence of a flame is detected and signalled
3.4.7
flame signal
signal given by the flame detector device, normally when the flame sensor senses a flame
3.4.8
flame simulation
condition that occurs when the flame signal indicates the presence of a flame when in reality no flame is
present
3.4.9
flame supervision device
device that, in response to a signal from the flame detector, keeps the gas supply open and shuts it off in
the absence of the supervised flame
3.4.10
high/low control
automatic system that permits an appliance to operate either at the nominal heat input or at a fixed
reduced heat input
3.4.11
modulating control
automatic system by which the heat input of the appliance is adjusted continuously between the nominal
heat input and a minimum value
3.4.12
overheat control device
component that shuts off and locks out the gas supply before the appliance is damaged and/or before
safety is put into question, and that automatically resets
3.4.13
overheat cut-off device
component that shuts off and locks out the gas supply before the appliance is damaged and/or before
safety is put into question, and that requires manual intervention to restore the gas supply
3.4.14
pressure regulator
device that maintains the outlet pressure constant independent on the variations in inlet pressure and/or
flow rate within defined limits
Note 1 to entry: The term “regulator” is used in this case for a volume regulator.
3.4.15
program
sequence of control operations determined by the programming unit involving switching on, starting up,
supervising and switching off the burner
3.4.16
programming unit
unit which reacts to signals from control and safety devices, gives control commands, controls the start-
up sequence, supervises the burner operation and causes controlled shut-down and, if necessary, safety
shut-down and lock-out
Note 1 to entry: The programming unit follows a predetermined sequence of actions and always operates in
conjunction with a flame detector device.
3.4.17
range rating device
component in the appliance intended to be used to adjust the heat input of the appliance, within a range
of heat inputs stated in the operating instructions, to suit the actual heat requirements of the installation
Note 1 to entry: This adjustment may be progressive (e.g. by use of a screw adjuster) or in discrete steps (e.g. by
changing restrictors).
3.4.18
spillage monitoring system
system which contains a device that automatically shuts off the gas supply to the main burner, and
perhaps the ignition burner, when there is a release of combustion products from the appliance
3.4.19
temperature sensor
component that detects the temperature of the environment to be supervised or controlled
3.5 Operation of the appliance
3.5.1
automatic burner system
process by which, when starting from the completely shut-down condition, the gas is ignited and the
flame is detected and proved without manual intervention
3.5.2
automatic recycling
process by which, following loss of flame signal during the running condition or accidental interruption
of the operation of the appliance, the gas supply is interrupted and the complete start sequence is
automatically re initiated
Note 1 to entry: This process ends with the restoration of the running condition or, if there is no flame signal at the
end of the safety time, or if the cause of the accidental interruption has not disappeared, with volatile lock out or
non-volatile lock out.
3.5.3
controlled shut-down
process by which the power to the gas shut off valve(s) is removed immediately, e.g. as a result of the
action of a controlling function
3.5.4
cyclical operation
mode of operation leading to a cyclic shutdown of the burner due to the variation of the heating or cooling
demand
Note 1 to entry: According to this definition, a transient operation is not considered as a cyclical operation.
Note 2 to entry: A cyclical operation can include or exclude a defrost period. A non-cyclical operation can also
include a defrost period.
3.5.5
defrost mode
state of the appliance in the heating mode where the operation is modified or reversed to de-ice the
outdoor heat exchanger
3.5.6
extinction safety time
interval between extinction of the supervised flame and the gas supply being shut off:
— to the main burner; and/or
— to the ignition burner
3.5.7
first safety time
interval between the ignition burner gas valve, start gas valve or main gas valve, as applicable, being
energized and that valve being de-energized if the flame detector signals the absence of a flame at the end
of this interval
3.5.8
flame stability
characteristic of flames that remain on the burner ports or in the flame reception zone intended by the
construction
3.5.9
flame lift
total or partial lifting of the base of the flame away from the burner port or the flame reception zone
provided by the design
Note 1 to entry: Flame lift may cause the flame to blow out, i.e. extinction of the air gas mixture.
3.5.10
full load
operation state providing maximum useful capacity under given conditions
3.5.11
ignition interlock
part that prevents the operation of the igniter as long as the main gasway is open
3.5.12
ignition opening time
interval between ignition of the supervised flame and the moment when the valve is held open
3.5.13
ignition safety time
interval between the order to open and the order to close the gas supply to the burner in the event of
ignition
3.5.14
light-back
entry of a flame into the body of the burner
3.5.15
non-volatile lock-out
safety shut-down condition of the system, such that a restart is only accomplished by a manual reset of
the system and by no other means
3.5.16
re-start interlock
mechanism which prevents the re-opening of the gasway to the main burner or the main burner and the
ignition burner until the armature plate has separated from the magnetic element
3.5.17
safety shut-down
process which is effected immediately following the response of a safety limiter or sensor or the detection
of a fault in the burner control system and which puts the burner out of operation by immediately
removing the power to the gas shut-off valve(s) and the ignition device
3.5.18
second safety time
interval between the main gas valve being energized and the main gas valve being de-energized if the
flame detector signals the absence of a flame at the end of this interval
Note 1 to entry: It occurs where there is a first safety time applicable to either an ignition burner or start gas flame
only.
3.5.19
sooting
phenomenon appearing during incomplete combustion and characterized by deposits of soot on the
surfaces or parts in contact with the combustion products or with the flame
3.5.20
spark restoration
process by which, after disappearance of the flame signal in the running condition, the ignition device is
energized again without the gas supply having been totally interrupted
Note 1 to entry: This process ends with the restoration of the running condition or, if there is no flame signal at the
end of the safety time, with volatile or non-volatile lock out.
3.5.21
steady state operation
for non cyclical operation, period of operation where all measured quantities remain constant according
to allowed deviations without having to alter the set values
Note 1 to entry: For alternating appliances this could mean a wide value range to allow for the cyclic nature of the
output.
3.5.22
transient operation
mode of operation of air to liquid (e.g. water, brine, etc.) heat pump leading to disrespect the permissible
deviation required for steady state operation due to icing of the evaporator
3.5.23
ignition flame
flame established at the ignition rate either at the main burner or at a separate ignition burner
3.5.24
volatile lock-out
safety shut down condition of the system, such that a restart is only accomplished either by the manual
reset of the system, or by an interruption of the electrical supply and its subsequent restoration
3.5.25
yellow tipping
colour change of the tip of the blue cone of an aerated flame
3.6 Gases
3.6.1
calorific value
quantity of heat produced by combustion at a constant pressure equal to 1 013,25 mbar, of a unit volume
or mass of gas, the constituents of the combustible mixture being taken at reference conditions and the
products of combustion being brought to the same conditions
Note 1 to entry: A distinction is made between:
— the gross calorific value H or GCV in which the water produced by combustion is assumed to be
s
condensed;
— the net calorific value H or NCV in which the water produced by combustion is assumed to be in the
i
vapour state.
Note 2 to entry: The calorific value is expressed
— either in megajoules per cubic metre of dry gas at the reference conditions (MJ/m ),
— or in megajoules per kilogram of dry gas (MJ/kg).
3.6.2
gas pressure
p
static pressure, relative to the atmospheric pressure, measured at right angles to the direction of flow of
the gas
3.6.3
limit gases
test gases representative of the extreme variations in the characteristics of the gases for which appliances
have been designed
3.6.4
limit pressures
pressures representative of the extreme variations in the appliance supply conditions
Note 1 to entry: The maximum and minimum pressures are abbreviated p and p respectively.
max min
3.6.5
normal pressure
p
n
pressure under which the appliances operate in normal conditions, when they are supplied with the
corresponding reference gas
3.6.6
pressure couple
combination of two distinct gas distribution pressures applied by reason of the significant difference
existing between the Wobbe indices within a single family or group in which the higher pressure
corresponds only to gases of low Wobbe index; and the lower pressure corresponds to gases of high
Wobbe index
3.6.7
relative density
d
ratio of the masses of equal volumes of dry gas and dry air, under the same conditions of temperature
and pressure: 15 °C and 1 013,25 mbar
3.6.8
reference conditions
(for calorific values) temperature conditions of 15 °C; (for gas and air volumes) dry conditions, brought
to 15 °C and to an absolute pressure of 1 013,25 mbar
3.6.9
reference gases
test gases with which appliances operate under nominal conditions when they are supplied at the
corresponding normal pressure
3.6.10
test gases
gases consisting of reference gases and limit gases, intended for the verification of the operational
characteristics of appliances
3.6.11
test pressures
gas pressures, consisting of normal and limit pressures, used to verify the operational characteristics of
appliances
3.6.12
Wobbe index
ratio of the calorific value of a gas per unit volume and the square root of its relative density under the
same reference conditions
Note 1 to entry: The Wobbe index is said to be gross (W ) or net (W ) according to whether the calorific value used
s i
is the gross or net calorific value.
Note 2 to entry: The Wobbe index is expressed
— either in megajoules per cubic metre of dry gas at the reference conditions (MJ/m ),
— or in megajoules per kilogram of dry gas (MJ/kg).
3.7 Conditions of operation, measurement and calculations
3.7.1
active mode
mode corresponding to the hours with a cooling or heating load of the building and whereby the cooling
or heating function of the appliance is switched on
3.7.2
aperture area
A
area of the applied solar collectors as an environmental heat source
Note 1 to entry: The aperture area A is expressed in m .
3.7.3
application rating condition
condition which provides additional information on the performance of the appliance within its operating
range when applicable
3.7.4
auxiliary Energy Factor in cooling mode, declared capacity
AEFc
DC
effective cooling declared capacity to electrical power input ratio
Note 1 to entry: AEFc is expressed in kW/kW.
DC
3.7.5
auxiliary Energy Factor in cooling mode, part load
AEFc
PL
effective cooling part load capacity to electrical power input ratio
Note 1 to entry: AEFc is expressed in kW/kW.
PL
3.7.6
auxiliary Energy Factor in heating mode, declared capacity
AEFh
DC
effective heating declared capacity to electrical power input ratio
Note 1 to entry: AEFh is expressed in kW/kW.
DC
3.7.7
auxiliary Energy Factor in heating mode, part load
AEFh
PL
effective heating part load capacity to electrical power input ratio
Note 1 to entry: AEFh is expressed in kW/kW.
DC
3.7.8
available external static pressure difference
Δp
e
positive pressure difference measured between the air (or water) outlet section and the air (or water)
inlet section of the unit, which is available for overcoming the pressure drop of any additional ducted air
(or water) circuit
3.7.9
internal static pressure difference
Δp
i
negative pressure difference measured between the air (or water) outlet section and the air (or water)
inlet section of the unit, which corresponds to the total pressure drop of all components on the air (or
water) side of the unit
3.7.10
balance point temperature or heating limit temperature
T
BP
outdoor temperature, below which the heating appliance starts to supply heat to the building
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in °C.
BP
3.7.11
bin hours
h
j
sum of all hours occurring in a year at a given outdoor temperature for a specific location
Note 1 to entry: h is expressed in hours.
j
3.7.12
bivalent temperature
T
bivalent
lowest outdoor temperature at which the heating load is equal to the appliance declared capacity
Note 1 to entry: T is expressed in °C.
bivalent
3.7.13
capacity ratio
CR
cooling (or heating) part load or full load divided by the declared cooling (or heating) capacity of the
appliance at the same temperature conditions
Note 1 to entry: CR is expressed in kW/kW.
3.7.14
cold condition
condition of the appliance required for some tests and obtained by allowing the unlit appliance to attain
thermal equilibrium at room temperature
3.7.15
cooling capacity
usable heat given off by the heat transfer medium to the refrigerant integrated over and divided by a
defined interval of time
3.7.16
declared capacity
DC
full load (maximum) heating or cooling capacity that the appliance delivers at any given temperature
condition declared
Note 1 to entry: DC is expressed in kW.
3.7.17
defrost period
time for which the appliance is in the mode de-icing
3.7.18
design heating fluid temperature
T
HF-d
mean fluid temperature corresponding to the design outdoor temperature
3.7.19
design inlet temperature
T
in-d
inlet temperature of the outdoor or indoor heat exchanger corresponding to the design outdoor
temperature
3.7.20
design load for cooling
P
designc
cooling load of the building at the reference design conditions for cooling
Note 1 to entry: P is expressed in kW.
designc
3.7.21
design load for heating
P
designh
heating load of the building at the reference design conditions for heating
Note 1 to entry: P is expressed in kW.
designh
3.7.22
design supply temperature
T
out-d
outlet temperature of the indoor or outdoor heat exchanger corresponding to the design outdoor
temperature
3.7.23
effective electrical power input
P
E
electrical power input of the appliance within the defined interval of time including share of electrical
power input of the conveying devices (e.g. fans, pumps) for ensuring the transport of the heat transfer
media inside the appliance
Note 1 to entry: P is expressed in kW.
E
3.7.24
effective heating, cooling or heat recovery capacity
P , P , P
Eh Ec Ehr
heating, cooling or heat recovery capacity including correction capacity due to the pump(s)
Note 1 to entry: P , P , P are expressed in kW.
Eh Ec Ehr
3.7.25
equivalent resistance
resistance to flow in millibar, measured at the outlet of the appliance, which is equivalent to that of the
actual flue/duct
3.7.26
efficiency of the external supplementary gas-fired heating system
η
Aux
efficiency, expressed in GCV, of the external supplementary gas boiler
Note 1 to entry: η is expressed in kW/kW.
Aux
3.7.27
gas heat input
Q
g
quantity of gas energy used within the defined interval of time corresponding to the gas volume or mass
flow rates, the gas calorific value to be used being the net or gross calorific value
Note 1 to entry: Q is expressed in kW.
g
3.7.28
gas utilization efficiency ratio in cooling mode, declared capacity
GUEc
DC
declared effective cooling capacity to gas input ratio
Note 1 to entry: Gas input is expressed in GCV; GUEc is expressed in kW/kW.
DC
3.7.29
gas utilization efficiency ratio in cooling mode
GUEc
effective cooling capacity to gas input ratio
Note 1 to entry: Gas input is expressed in GCV; GUEc is expressed in kW/kW.
PL
3.7.30
gas utilization efficiency ratio in heating mode, declared capacity
GUEh
DC
declared effective heating capacity to gas input ratio
Note 1 to entry: Gas input is expressed in GCV; GUEh is expressed in kW/kW.
DC
3.7.31
gas utilization efficiency ratio in heating mode
GUEh
effective heating capacity to gas input ratio
Note 1 to entry: Gas input is expressed in GCV; GUEh is expressed in kW/kW.
PL
3.7.32
ground heat source
GHS
borehole heat exchanger, which is mounted underground (beneath the surface of the earth) and has the
main function to deliver environmental heat to the evaporator of the appliance
3.7.33
heat recovery capacity
usable heat given off in cooling mode from the appliance to the heat transfer medium integrated over and
divided by a defined interval of time
3.7.34
heating capacity
usable heat given off in heating mode from the appliance to the heat transfer medium integrated over and
divided by a defined interval of time
Note 1 to entry: If heat is removed from the indoor heat exchanger(s) for defrosting, it is taken into account as
appropriate.
3.7.35
heating fluid temperature
T (T )
HF outdoor
heating fluid mean temperature corresponding to the outdoor temperature
3.7.36
heating power of the external supplementary gas-fired heating system
P
Sup
heating power provided by the supplementary gas boiler in order to cover the difference between
building load and declared capacity of the heat pump appliance
Note 1 to entry: P is expressed in kW.
Sup
3.7.37
heating surface exponent
n
exponent of the relationship between the part load ratio and the ratio between the temperature gradient
between the heating fluid average temperature and the design room temperature at any given outdoor
temperature to the design temperature gradient
Note 1 to entry: The heating surface exponent is determined experimentally.
3.7.38
hot condition
condition of the appliance required for some tests and obtained by heating to thermal equilibrium at the
nominal heat input specified
3.7.39
indoor installation
installation in an enclosed space protected from the direct or indirect action of wind and precipitation
3.7.40
indoor temperature
T
indoor
design indoor temperature
3.7.41
load
range of useful capacity from 0 to full load
Note 1 to entry: The load is expressed in kW.
3.7.42
maximum Temperature Difference
ΔT
max
largest temperature range allowed across the indoor heat exchanger of the appliance operating in heating
mode
3.7.43
measured heating, cooling or heat recovery capacity
Q Q Q
h, c, hr
heating, cooling or heat recovery capacity measured during the test
Note 1 to entry: Q Q Q are expressed in kW.
h, c, hr
3.7.44
minimal heat input
lowest heat input leading to a permanent operation of the burner
3.7.45
nominal condition
unique “standard rating condition” used for CE marking and selected within the standard rating
conditions
Note 1 to entry: Only one nominal condition is defined for each appliance.
3.7.46
nominal air flow rate
value of air flow rate declared at the standard air conditions
3.7.47
nominal heating, cooling or heat recovery capacity
P , P , P
Nh Nc Nhr
rated heating or cooling or heat recovery capacity corrected to “standard rating conditions” and at full
load
Note 1 to entry: These conditions included the reference gas at 15 °C and 1 013,25 mbar.
Note 2 to entry: P , P , P are expressed in kW.
Nh Nc Nhr
3.7.48
nominal heating, cooling or heat recovery gas input
Q , Q , Q
gNh gNc gNhr
rated heating or cooling or heat recovery heat input at “standard rating conditions” and at full load
Note 1 to entry: These conditions included the use of the reference gas at 15 °C and 1 013,25 mbar.
Note 2 to entry: Q , Q , Q are expressed in kW.
gNh gNc gNhr
3.7.49
nominal voltage
voltage or range of voltages stated at which the appliance can operate normally
3.7.50
nominal water flow rate
water flow rate declared at the “standard rating conditions”
3.7.51
off mode
OFF
mode where the appliance is completely switched off and cannot be reactivated by either control device
or timer
Note 1 to entry: Off mode means a condition in which
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