SIST EN 15708:2010

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anleitung zur Beobachtung, Probenahme und Laboranalyse von Phytobenthos in flachen FließgewässernQualité de l'eau - Guide pour l'étude, l'échantillonnage et l'analyse en laboratoire du phytobenthos dans les cours d'eau peu profondsWater quality - Guidance standard for the surveying, sampling and laboratory analysis of phytobenthos in shallow running water13.060.70Preiskava bioloških lastnosti vodeExamination of biological properties of water13.060.10Voda iz naravnih virovWater of natural resourcesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15708:2009SIST EN 15708:2010en,fr,de01-februar-2010SIST EN 15708:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15708
November 2009 ICS 13.060.70 English Version
Water quality - Guidance standard for the surveying, sampling and laboratory analysis of phytobenthos in shallow running water Qualité de l'eau - Guide pour l'étude, l'échantillonnage et l'analyse en laboratoire du phytobenthos dans les cours d'eau peu profonds
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anleitung zur Beobachtung, Probenahme und Laboranalyse von Phytobenthos in flachen Fließgewässern This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 October 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
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Worked example of computation of final abundance estimates for a MHS from an upland stream in NE England . 20Bibliography . 21 SIST EN 15708:2010

3.2 assemblage organisms that share a sampling area NOTE This term is preferred to “community”, as the latter implies a level of ecological integration of the organisms; whereas sampling may inadvertently combine representatives from more than one true “community” that are not distinct to the naked eye. 3.3 belt transect defined band across a river or stream at right angles to the bank NOTE This may be virtual or physically delineated within which the aquatic vegetation is analysed (species composition, abundance, cover). [EN 14184:2003, 3.4] SIST EN 15708:2010

3.8 cobble mineral substratum with a diameter > 64 mm and ≤ 256 mm [EN 13946:2003, 3.4] 3.9 degree of cover percent of substratum at the sampling site covered (by the organism) 3.10 epilithic alga alga living attached to or in close association with a stony substratum 3.11 epiphytic alga alga living attached to or in close association with macrophytes or other algae 3.12 epipelic alga alga that lives in or on fine sediments 3.13 epipsammic alga alga that lives attached to or in close association with sand 3.14 habitat specific environment in which a species lives [EN 15460:2007, 3.5] 3.15 macroscopic benthic alga multicellular alga or an aggregation (units/groupings) of unicellular algae living attached to substrata that is visible to the naked eye SIST EN 15708:2010

NOTE This term is virtually synonymous with the term "periphyton", although some people also include heterotrophic organisms in definitions of the latter. 3.20 reach length of a watercourse forming a major sub-division of a river basin and defined by physical, chemical or hydrological characteristics (or any combination of these) that distinguishes it from the watercourse upstream and downstream NOTE The boundaries between reaches mark the principal points of transition where the overall character of the watercourse changes. [EN ISO 8689-2:2000, 3.1] 3.21 reference conditions conditions reflecting a totally undisturbed state, or one with only very slight human impacts, or near-natural with only minor evidence of distortion 3.22 riffle fast-flowing shallow water with distinctly broken or disturbed surface over gravel/pebble or cobble substratum
[EN 14614:2004, 2.28] 3.23 survey unit length of river from which data are collected during field survey; this may be a fixed length (e.g. 10 m) or variable, according to the methods used, but must always be defined and recorded [Adapted from EN 14614:2004, 2.38] SIST EN 15708:2010

Semi-quantitative estimates of the abundance of each taxon are also made. These data can be used to give an integrated picture of ecological status and/or water quality.
5 Reagents Preservatives are necessary if samples are to be stored prior to analysis. If treated with care, many algal samples can be stored in a refrigerator or cool room for several days without deterioration. However, where long-term storage is necessary, then a preservative may be necessary. Recipes for preparation of these are given in EN 15204 (see also 8.4). 6 Equipment 6.1 Field equipment 6.1.1 Necessary field equipment 6.1.1.1 Appropriate water safety equipment 6.1.1.2 A means of locating sampling reaches on repeat visits, if there is no permanent landmark adjacent. Options include iron bolts, fast drying paint, waterproof tape or similar to delimit the sampling reaches. 6.1.1.3 Waders 6.1.1.4 Aqua-scope, or bucket with clear Perspex base, for scanning the river bottom in turbulent water. 6.1.1.5 Stainless steel knife or other suitable blade, forceps and stiff toothbrush 6.1.1.6 Hand lens 6.1.1.7 White plastic or enamel tray, volume 2 l to 3 l, for sorting material and sub-sampling. SIST EN 15708:2010

6.2.2 Optional laboratory equipment 6.2.2.1 Apparatus for photo-microscopy or digital image capture 6.2.2.2 Tissue homogenizer or blender 6.2.2.3 Magnetic stirrer and stir bar, forceps 6.2.2.4 Tally counter, for species proportional count. 6.2.2.5 Apparatus and equipment for preparing diatom samples (see EN 13946) SIST EN 15708:2010

 Single Habitat Sampling (SHS): a single type of habitat/substratum is sampled at each survey unit and examined in the laboratory. The output is, as for MHS, a list, with abundance estimates, of all taxa present. SHS should reflect water quality differences between streams more precisely than MHS, provided that the same type of habitat/substratum is sampled at all sites. Impacts on other habitats/substrata in the reach may however be missed. It is identical, in principle, to methods described in EN 13946, except that groups other than the diatoms are included in the subsequent analysis. Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of how these strategies can be applied to a survey unit.
Habitat 1
Habitat 2
Habitat 3
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Assess
… Assess
cover
cover
cover
cover
MPS
Laboratory Assess
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… Assess
composition
composition
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MHS
SHS Figure 1 — Relationships between field and laboratory stages for the three types of analysis described in this European Standard 7.2 Number and location of sampling sites The number and location of sampling or survey sites should be determined according to the aim of the study. In general, sites selected should be representative of the reach of river under consideration, avoiding heavily-shaded sites unless these are characteristic of the reach. Where possible, sites selected should have similar conditions of light, current velocity, substratum, etc. to facilitate comparability. Reaches should be identified within a watercourse with respect to points where marked changes in quality are likely to occur or where there are important river uses, for example major discharges or abstractions. Sufficient sample sites should be included within each reach to differentiate naturally occurring changes (geology, climate, etc.) from changes caused by human impact. If sampling is intended to monitor the effects of a discharge, sample sites upstream and downstream (beyond the mixing zone) of the discharge should be included. Additional sites should be added at distances downstream to assess the extent of the influence of the impact, and any possible recovery. The location of the selected survey unit within a given site should be defined in field notes by reference to map co-ordinates and location relative to permanent bankside objects (e.g. bridges). GPS (global positioning system) receivers may be useful for obtaining accurate co-ordinates. It may also be appropriate to indicate the location of a site by the use of permanent markers such as iron bolts or paint on large stones.
The survey units should all be the same length: 10 m is recommended, but longer lengths may be appropriate under some circumstances. The samples should be collected from the main channel of the river (i.e. the zone that is normally submerged). Rivers with naturally fluctuating discharge have specific algal associations in the flood zone that may be of interest to sample. SIST EN 15708:2010

The composition of stream phytobenthos varies throughout the year. A single sample or survey may not be sufficient to characterise fully the diversity in a reach. One sample or survey may, however, be sufficient for spatial and temporal comparisons, as long as all the samples are collected, or surveys performed, at the same time of year. 8 Survey and sampling procedures 8.1 Field survey method: MPS - Macroscopic phytobenthos survey A detailed examination of the entire survey unit should be performed by wading, using an aquascope if observation of the stream bed is hampered by depth or surface turbulence. If some parts are too deep for safe wading, then the survey should cover all areas that can be waded, and a note made. The length of the survey unit shall be recorded. The presence of all phytobenthic growth forms shall be recorded and their abundance estimated. Small specimens should be removed for either bank-side or laboratory examination. The macroscopic growth forms visible with the naked eye may have different appearances, e.g. gelatinous brown cover (often diatoms), green filaments (usually green algae) or dark tufts (red algae or cyanobacteria). The largest filamentous algae may be > 2 m long, whilst some other growth forms may b
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