SIST EN IEC 55025:2022
(Main)Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
This document contains limits and procedures for the measurement of radio disturbances in the
frequency range of 150 kHz to 5 925 MHz. This document applies to vehicles, boats, internal
combustion engines, trailers, devices and any electronic/electrical component intended for use
in vehicles, boats, trailers and devices. Refer to International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
publications for details of frequency allocations. The limits are intended to provide protection
for on-board receivers installed (per the manufacturer’s guidelines) in a vehicle from
disturbances produced by components/modules in the same vehicle.
The receiver types to be protected are, for example, broadcast receivers (sound and television),
land mobile radio, radio telephone, amateur, citizens' radio, Satellite Navigation (GPS etc.), WiFi, V2X, and Bluetooth.
This document does not include protection of electronic control systems from radio frequency
(RF) emissions or from transient or pulse-type voltage fluctuations. These subjects are included
in ISO publications.
The limits in this document are recommended and subject to modification as agreed between
the customer (e.g. vehicle manufacturer) and the supplier (e.g. component manufacturer). This
document is also intended to be applied by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers which are to
be added and connected to the vehicle harness or to an on-board power connector after delivery
of the vehicle.
This document defines test methods for use by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, to assist
in the design of vehicles and components and ensure controlled levels of on-board radio
frequency emissions.
The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional
transmissions from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU including their spurious emissions.
NOTE 1 This exclusion is limited to those intended transmitter emissions, which leave the EUT as radiated
emissions and are coupled onto the wire line in the measurement setup. For conducted transmissions on frequencies
intentionally produced by the radio part of an EUT, this exclusion does not apply.
NOTE 2 It is usual for customers and suppliers to use radio regulation standards to manage the effect of spurious
emissions from a radio transmitter unless limits of spurious emission are agreed in the test plan.
Fahrzeuge, Boote und von Verbrennungsmotoren angetriebene Geräte - Funkstöreigenschaften - Grenzwerte und Messverfahren für den Schutz von an Bord befindlichen Empfängern
Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne - Caractéristiques des pertubations radioélectriques - Limites et méthodes de mesure pour la protection des récepteurs embarqués
Vozila, plovila in naprave z motorji z notranjim zgorevanjem - Karakteristike občutljivosti za radijske motnje - Mejne vrednosti in metode merjenja za zaščito sprejemnikov na krovu
Ta dokument vsebuje mejne vrednosti in postopke merjenja občutljivosti za radijske motnje v frekvenčnem območju od 150 kHz to 5925 MHz. Ta dokument se uporablja za vozila, plovila, naprave z motorji z notranjim zgorevanjem, priklopnike, naprave in električne/elektronske sestavne dele, ki so namenjeni za uporabo v vozilih, plovilih, priklopnikih in napravah. Za podrobnosti o dodelitvah frekvenc glej publikacije Mednarodne zveze za telekomunikacije (ITU). Mejne vrednosti so namenjene zaščiti sprejemnikov, vgrajenih (v skladu z navodili proizvajalca) v vozilu, pred motnjami, ki jih povzročajo sestavni deli/moduli v zadevnem vozilu. Vrste sprejemnikov, ki jih je treba zaščititi, so npr. oddajni sprejemniki (zvok in televizija), kopenski mobilni radio, radiotelefon, amaterski radio, radijska oprema CB, satelitska navigacija (GPS itd.), WiFi, V2X in Bluetooth. Ta dokument ne vključuje zaščite elektronskih krmilnih sistemov pred radiofrekvenčnimi (RF) emisijami ali prehodnim oz. impulznim nihanjem napetosti. Te teme so zajete v publikacijah ISO. Mejne vrednosti v tem dokumentu so priporočljive in se lahko spremenijo, kot se dogovorita stranka (npr. proizvajalec vozila) in dobavitelj (npr. proizvajalec sestavnih delov). Ta dokument je namenjen tudi proizvajalcem in dobaviteljem sestavnih delov in opreme, ki jih je treba po dobavi vozila dodati in priključiti na kabelski snop vozila oziroma napajalni priključek v vozilu. Ta dokument določa preskusne metode, namenjene za proizvajalce in dobavitelje vozil, za pomoč pri oblikovanju vozil in sestavnih delov ter zagotavljanje nadziranih ravni frekvenčnih emisij v vozilih. Zahteve glede emisij iz tega dokumenta niso namenjene za uporabo za namerne prenose iz radijskega oddajnika, kot ga opredeljuje ITU, vključno z neželenimi emisijami. OPOMBA 1: Ta izključitev je omejena na predvidene emisije oddajnika, ki zapustijo preskušano opremo kot sevane emisije in se v postavitvi za merjenje spojijo s kabelsko napeljavo. Za izvedene prenose na frekvencah, ki jih namenoma proizvede radijski del preskušane naprave, se ta izključitev ne uporablja. OPOMBA 2: Običajno je, da stranke in dobavitelji za obvladovanje vplivov neželenih emisij iz radijskega oddajnika uporabljajo standarde o radiokomunikacijah, razen če so v načrtu preskušanja dogovorjene mejne vrednosti neželenih emisij.
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN IEC 55025:2022 (identical to CISPR 25:2021) specifies radio disturbance characteristics, limits and measurement methods for the protection of on‑board receivers in vehicles, boats and internal combustion engine‑powered devices. Published by CENELEC/CENELEC members in 2022, this standard supersedes EN 55025:2017 and harmonizes vehicle and component/module electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing practices across the automotive and marine sectors.
Key Topics and Requirements
- Scope and conformity: Defines test plans, operating conditions, determination of conformance and required test reports for Equipment Under Test (EUT).
- Measurement types: Covers both radiated emissions (antenna‑based, ALSE and stripline methods) and conducted emissions (voltage method, current probe method) from vehicles and components/modules.
- Test environments and apparatus:
- Shielded enclosures and Absorber‑Lined Shielded Enclosures (ALSE) with performance validation.
- Antenna measuring systems, Antenna Matching Unit (annex B) and guidance on active vehicle antenna noise floor.
- Reference ground plane, load simulator, power supply configurations for different vehicle states (ignition on/engine off, engine running, EV charging modes).
- Instrumentation and parameters: Spectrum analyser and scanning receiver settings, calibration and measurement uncertainty considerations.
- Artificial networks: Normative definitions and usage of AN, HV‑AN, DC‑charging‑AN, AMN, AAN for conducted measurements (annex E).
- Special test cases: Procedures for plug‑in hybrid/electric vehicles in charging modes (mode 1–4), and component/module radiated testing (ALSE and stripline).
- Documentation: Requirements for test plans, flowcharts (informative), and detailed test reports.
Practical Applications and Users
This standard is used to:
- Validate and certify EMC performance of vehicles, marine craft and internal combustion engine devices to protect on‑board radio receivers.
- Guide EMC design and troubleshooting for automotive and marine electronics (ECUs, telematics, infotainment, antennas, charging systems).
- Support pre‑compliance and certification testing in accredited EMC test laboratories.
- Inform OEMs, Tier‑1/2 suppliers, EV charging equipment manufacturers, and regulatory bodies on harmonized test methods and limits.
Typical users: automotive OEM engineers, EMC test engineers, component manufacturers, compliance officers and laboratory managers.
Related Standards
EN IEC 55025 references and aligns with other EMC and vehicle standards such as CISPR 16‑series, CISPR 12, EN 55016, IEC 61851‑1 and vehicle test standards like ISO 7637‑3. Use these cross‑references when planning comprehensive EMC test programs.
Keywords: EN IEC 55025:2022, CISPR 25, vehicle EMC, on‑board receivers, radiated emissions, conducted emissions, ALSE, artificial network, antenna measuring system, EV charging EMC.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers". This standard covers: This document contains limits and procedures for the measurement of radio disturbances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 5 925 MHz. This document applies to vehicles, boats, internal combustion engines, trailers, devices and any electronic/electrical component intended for use in vehicles, boats, trailers and devices. Refer to International Telecommunications Union (ITU) publications for details of frequency allocations. The limits are intended to provide protection for on-board receivers installed (per the manufacturer’s guidelines) in a vehicle from disturbances produced by components/modules in the same vehicle. The receiver types to be protected are, for example, broadcast receivers (sound and television), land mobile radio, radio telephone, amateur, citizens' radio, Satellite Navigation (GPS etc.), WiFi, V2X, and Bluetooth. This document does not include protection of electronic control systems from radio frequency (RF) emissions or from transient or pulse-type voltage fluctuations. These subjects are included in ISO publications. The limits in this document are recommended and subject to modification as agreed between the customer (e.g. vehicle manufacturer) and the supplier (e.g. component manufacturer). This document is also intended to be applied by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers which are to be added and connected to the vehicle harness or to an on-board power connector after delivery of the vehicle. This document defines test methods for use by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, to assist in the design of vehicles and components and ensure controlled levels of on-board radio frequency emissions. The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmissions from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU including their spurious emissions. NOTE 1 This exclusion is limited to those intended transmitter emissions, which leave the EUT as radiated emissions and are coupled onto the wire line in the measurement setup. For conducted transmissions on frequencies intentionally produced by the radio part of an EUT, this exclusion does not apply. NOTE 2 It is usual for customers and suppliers to use radio regulation standards to manage the effect of spurious emissions from a radio transmitter unless limits of spurious emission are agreed in the test plan.
This document contains limits and procedures for the measurement of radio disturbances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 5 925 MHz. This document applies to vehicles, boats, internal combustion engines, trailers, devices and any electronic/electrical component intended for use in vehicles, boats, trailers and devices. Refer to International Telecommunications Union (ITU) publications for details of frequency allocations. The limits are intended to provide protection for on-board receivers installed (per the manufacturer’s guidelines) in a vehicle from disturbances produced by components/modules in the same vehicle. The receiver types to be protected are, for example, broadcast receivers (sound and television), land mobile radio, radio telephone, amateur, citizens' radio, Satellite Navigation (GPS etc.), WiFi, V2X, and Bluetooth. This document does not include protection of electronic control systems from radio frequency (RF) emissions or from transient or pulse-type voltage fluctuations. These subjects are included in ISO publications. The limits in this document are recommended and subject to modification as agreed between the customer (e.g. vehicle manufacturer) and the supplier (e.g. component manufacturer). This document is also intended to be applied by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers which are to be added and connected to the vehicle harness or to an on-board power connector after delivery of the vehicle. This document defines test methods for use by vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, to assist in the design of vehicles and components and ensure controlled levels of on-board radio frequency emissions. The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmissions from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU including their spurious emissions. NOTE 1 This exclusion is limited to those intended transmitter emissions, which leave the EUT as radiated emissions and are coupled onto the wire line in the measurement setup. For conducted transmissions on frequencies intentionally produced by the radio part of an EUT, this exclusion does not apply. NOTE 2 It is usual for customers and suppliers to use radio regulation standards to manage the effect of spurious emissions from a radio transmitter unless limits of spurious emission are agreed in the test plan.
SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 33.060.20 - Receiving and transmitting equipment; 33.100.10 - Emission; 33.100.20 - Immunity; 33.100.99 - Other aspects related to EMC. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 55025:2017/AC:2018, SIST EN 55025:2017. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2014/30/EU. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 55025:2017
SIST EN 55025:2017/AC:2018
Vozila, plovila in naprave z motorji z notranjim zgorevanjem - Karakteristike
občutljivosti za radijske motnje - Mejne vrednosti in metode merjenja za zaščito
sprejemnikov na krovu
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics -
Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
Fahrzeuge, Boote und von Verbrennungsmotoren angetriebene Geräte -
Funkstöreigenschaften - Grenzwerte und Messverfahren für den Schutz von an Bord
befindlichen Empfängern
Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne - Caractéristiques des pertubations
radioélectriques - Limites et méthodes de mesure pour la protection des récepteurs
embarqués
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 55025:2022
ICS:
33.060.20 Sprejemna in oddajna Receiving and transmitting
oprema equipment
33.100.99 Drugi vidiki v zvezi z EMC Other aspects related to
EMC
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 55025
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2022
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 Supersedes EN 55025:2017 and all of its amendments
and corrigenda (if any)
English Version
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio
disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of
measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
(CISPR 25:2021)
Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne - Fahrzeuge, Boote und von Verbrennungsmotoren
Caractéristiques des pertubations radioélectriques - Limites angetriebene Geräte - Funkstöreigenschaften - Grenzwerte
et méthodes de mesure pour la protection des récepteurs und Messverfahren für den Schutz von an Bord befindlichen
embarqués Empfängern
(CISPR 25:2021) (CISPR 25:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-01-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 55025:2022 E
European foreword
The text of document CIS/D/477/FDIS, future edition 5 of CISPR 25, prepared by CISPR SC D
“Electromagnetic disturbances related to electric/electronic equipment on vehicles and internal
combustion engine powered devices” of CISPR “International special committee on radio interference”
was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2022–10–20
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025–01–20
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 55025:2017 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard CISPR 25:2021 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
CISPR 12:2007 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55012:2007 (not modified)
CISPR 16-2-3:2016 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-3:2017 (not modified)
IEC 62196-1:2014 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62196-1:2014 (modified)
CISPR 16-2-1:2014 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-1:2014 (not modified)
CISPR 32:2015 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55032:2015 (not modified) +A11:2020
CISPR 16-4-2:2011 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-4-2:2011 (not modified)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61851-1 2017 Electric vehicle conductive charging EN IEC 61851-1 2019
system - Part 1: General requirements
CISPR 16-1-1 2019 Specification for radio disturbance and EN IEC 55016-1-1 2019
immunity measuring apparatus and
methods - Part 1–1: Radio
disturbance and immunity measuring
apparatus - Measuring apparatus
CISPR 16-1-2 2014 Specification for radio disturbance and EN 55016-1-2 2014
immunity measuring apparatus and
methods - Part 1–2: Radio
disturbance and immunity measuring
apparatus - Coupling devices for
conducted disturbance measurements
AMD1 2017 A1 2018
CISPR 16-1-6 2014 Specification for radio disturbance and EN 55016-1-6 2015
immunity measuring apparatus and
methods - Part 1–6: Radio
disturbance and immunity measuring
apparatus - EMC antenna calibration
AMD1 2017 A1 2017
ISO 7637-3 2016 Road vehicles - Electrical - -
disturbances from conduction and
coupling - Part 3: Electrical transient
transmission by capacitive and
inductive coupling via lines other than
supply lines
ISO 11452-4 2020 Road vehicles - Component test - -
methods for electrical disturbances
from narrowband radiated
electromagnetic energy - Part 4:
Harness excitation methods
SAE ARP 958.1 Rev 2003– Electromagnetic Interference - -
D 02 Measurement Antennas; Standard
Calibration Method
CISPR 25 ®
Edition 5.0 2021-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INT ERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
C OMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines – Radio disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of
on-board receivers
Véhicules, bateaux et moteurs à combustion interne – Caractéristiques des
perturbations radioélectriques – Limites et méthodes de mesure pour la
protection des récepteurs embarqués
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-1061-6
– 2 – CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 12
3 Terms and definitions . 13
4 Requirements common to vehicle and component/module emissions measurement . 19
4.1 General test requirements . 19
4.1.1 Categories of disturbance sources (as defined in the test plan) . 19
4.1.2 Test plan . 19
4.1.3 Determination of conformance of equipment under test (EUT) with limits . 19
4.1.4 Operating conditions . 20
4.1.5 Test report . 21
4.2 Shielded enclosure . 21
4.3 Absorber-lined shielded enclosure (ALSE) . 21
4.3.1 General . 21
4.3.2 Size . 21
4.3.3 Objects in ALSE . 21
4.3.4 ALSE performance validation . 22
4.4 Measuring instrument . 22
4.4.1 General . 22
4.4.2 Spectrum analyser parameters . 22
4.4.3 Scanning receiver parameters . 25
4.5 Power supply . 27
4.5.1 General . 27
4.5.2 Internal combustion engine vehicle – ignition on, engine off. 27
4.5.3 Internal combustion engine vehicle – engine running . 27
4.5.4 Plug-in hybrid electric or electric vehicle in charging mode . 28
4.5.5 Hybrid electric or electric vehicle in running mode . 28
4.5.6 Component/module tests . 28
5 Measurement of emissions received by an antenna on the same vehicle . 29
5.1 General . 29
5.2 Antenna measuring system . 29
5.2.1 Type of antenna. 29
5.2.2 Measuring system requirements . 29
5.3 Method of measurement . 31
5.4 Test setup for vehicle in charging mode . 32
5.4.1 General . 32
5.4.2 Vehicle in charging mode 1 or mode 2 (AC power charging without
communication) . 33
5.4.3 Vehicle in charging mode 3 (AC power charging with communication) or
mode 4 (DC power charging with communication) . 35
5.5 Examples of limits for vehicle radiated disturbances . 40
6 Measurement of components and modules . 46
6.1 General . 46
6.2 Test equipment . 46
6.2.1 Reference ground plane . 46
6.2.2 Power supply and AN . 47
CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021 – 3 –
6.2.3 Load simulator . 47
6.3 Conducted emissions from components/modules – Voltage method . 47
6.3.1 General . 47
6.3.2 Test setup . 47
6.3.3 Test procedure . 48
6.3.4 Limits for conducted disturbances from components/modules – Voltage
method . 54
6.4 Conducted emissions from components/modules – current probe method . 54
6.4.1 General . 54
6.4.2 Test setup . 54
6.4.3 Test procedure . 55
6.4.4 Limits for conducted disturbances from components/modules – Current
probe method . 57
6.5 Radiated emissions from components/modules – ALSE method . 57
6.5.1 General . 57
6.5.2 Test setup . 58
6.5.3 Test procedure . 60
6.5.4 Limits for radiated disturbances from components/modules – ALSE
method . 65
6.6 Radiated emissions from components/modules – Stripline method . 72
Annex A (informative) Flow chart for checking the applicability of CISPR 25 to vehicles
and boats . 73
Annex B (normative) Antenna matching unit – Vehicle test . 74
B.1 Antenna matching unit parameters (150 kHz to 6,2 MHz) . 74
B.2 Antenna matching unit – verification . 74
B.2.1 General . 74
B.2.2 Gain measurement . 74
B.2.3 Test procedure . 74
B.3 Impedance measurement . 74
Annex C (informative) Sheath-current suppressor . 76
C.1 General information . 76
C.2 Suppressor construction . 76
Annex D (informative) Guidance for the determination of the noise floor of active
vehicle antennas . 77
Annex E (normative) Artificial Network (AN), High Voltage Artificial Network (HV-AN),
Direct Current charging Artificial Network (DC-charging-AN), Artificial Mains Network
(AMN) and Asymmetric Artificial Network (AAN). 80
E.1 General . 80
E.2 Artificial networks (AN) . 80
E.2.1 Component powered by LV . 80
E.2.2 Component powered by HV . 82
E.2.3 Direct Current charging Artificial Networks (DC-charging-AN) . 85
E.3 Artificial Mains Networks (AMN) . 86
E.4 Asymmetric Artificial Network (AAN) . 86
E.4.1 General . 86
E.4.2 Signal/control port with symmetric lines . 86
E.4.3 Wired network port with PLC on power lines . 87
E.4.4 Signal/control port with PLC (technology) on control pilot line . 88
E.4.5 Signal/control port with control pilot line . 89
– 4 – CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021
Annex F (informative) Radiated emissions from components/modules – Stripline
method . 91
F.1 General . 91
F.2 Test setup . 91
F.2.1 General . 91
F.2.2 Stripline impedance matching . 92
F.2.3 Location of the EUT . 92
F.2.4 Location and length of the test harness . 92
F.2.5 Location of the load simulator . 92
F.3 Test procedure. 92
F.4 Limits for radiated emissions from components/modules – Stripline method . 94
F.5 Stripline design . 96
Annex G (informative) Interference to mobile radio communication in the presence of
impulsive noise – Methods of judging degradation . 99
G.1 General . 99
G.2 Survey of methods of judging degradation to radio channel. 99
G.2.1 General . 99
G.2.2 Subjective tests . 99
G.2.3 Objective tests . 101
G.2.4 Conclusions relating to judgement of degradation . 101
Annex H (normative) Test methods for power supply systems for high voltages in
electric and hybrid vehicles . 102
H.1 General . 102
H.2 Test equipment . 102
H.2.1 Reference ground plane . 102
H.2.2 Power supply, AN, HV-AN, AMN and AAN . 103
H.2.3 Load simulator . 103
H.3 Conducted emission from components/modules on HV power lines – Voltage
method . 103
H.3.1 General . 103
H.3.2 Test setup . 104
H.3.3 Limits for conducted emission – Voltage method . 110
H.4 Conducted emission from components/modules on HV power lines – current
probe method . 111
H.4.1 General . 111
H.4.2 Test setup . 111
H.4.3 Limits for conducted emission – current probe method . 117
H.5 Radiated emissions from components/modules – ALSE method . 117
H.5.1 General . 117
H.5.2 Test setup . 117
H.5.3 Limits for radiated emissions – ALSE method . 123
H.6 Coupling between HV and LV systems . 123
H.6.1 General . 123
H.6.2 Measurement based on test setups defined in Clause 6. 123
H.6.3 Measurement of the HV-LV coupling attenuation . 130
Annex I (Informative) ALSE performance validation 150 kHz to 1 GHz . 133
I.1 General . 133
I.2 Validation method . 135
I.2.1 Overview . 135
CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021 – 5 –
I.2.2 Equipment . 135
I.2.3 Procedure . 138
I.2.4 Requirements . 147
Annex J (informative) Measurement instrumentation uncertainty – measurement of
emissions received by an antenna on the same vehicle . 148
J.1 General . 148
J.2 Uncertainty sources . 148
J.3 Measurand . 150
J.4 Input quantities to be considered . 150
J.4.1 General . 150
J.4.2 AM band with OEM passive vehicle antenna (high impedance) . 150
J.4.3 AM band with OEM active vehicle antenna (“matched 50 Ω” impedance) . 150
J.4.4 Others bands (e.g FM, DAB III, …) with OEM active vehicle antenna
(“matched 50 Ω” impedance) . 150
J.4.5 Others bands with reference antenna . 151
Annex K (informative) Uncertainty budgets for measurement of emissions received by
an antenna on the same vehicle . 156
K.1 General . 156
K.2 Typical CISPR 25 uncertainty budgets . 156
K.3 Receiver’s frequency step . 163
Annex L (informative) Measurement instrumentation uncertainty – Emissions from
components/modules – Test methods . 164
L.1 General . 164
L.2 Uncertainty sources . 164
L.3 Measurand . 168
L.4 Input quantities to be considered . 168
Annex M (informative) Uncertainty budgets for emissions from components/modules . 175
M.1 General . 175
M.2 Typical uncertainty budgets . 175
Annex N (informative) Items under consideration . 181
N.1 General . 181
N.2 Measurement techniques and limits . 181
N.3 ALSE performance validation method above 1 GHz . 181
N.4 Reconsideration of the scope of the document . 181
N.5 Reorganizing the document into separate parts similar to CISPR-16
document series . 181
N.6 Inclusion of test setups for WPT charging . 181
Bibliography . 182
Figure 1 – Method of determination of conformance for all frequency bands . 20
Figure 2 – Example of gain curve . 30
Figure 3 – Example of test setup – Vehicle-radiated emissions (front view with
monopole antenna) . 32
Figure 4 – Example of test setup for vehicle with the inlet located on vehicle side
(charging mode 1 or 2, AC powered, without communication) . 34
Figure 5 – Example of test setup for vehicle with the inlet located front / rear of vehicle
(charging mode 1 or 2, AC powered, without communication . 35
Figure 6 – Example of test setup for vehicle with the inlet located on vehicle side
(charging mode 3 or mode 4, with communication) . 38
– 6 – CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021
Figure 7 – Example of test setup for vehicle with the inlet located front /rear of vehicle
(charging mode 3 or mode 4, with communication) . 39
Figure 8 – Details of average limits for GPS, BDS,B1l and GLONASS bands –
Complete vehicle . 45
Figure 9 – Conducted emissions – Example of test setup for EUT with power return
line remotely grounded . 50
Figure 10 – Conducted emissions – Example of test setup for EUT with power return
line locally grounded . 51
Figure 11 – Conducted emissions – Example of test setup for alternators and
generators . 52
Figure 12 – Conducted emissions – Example of test setup for ignition system
components . 53
Figure 13 – Conducted emissions – Example of test setup for current probe
measurements . 56
Figure 14 – Test harness bending requirements. 59
Figure 15 – Example of test setup – rod antenna . 61
Figure 16 – Example of test setup – biconical antenna . 62
Figure 17 – Example of test setup – log-periodic antenna . 63
Figure 18 – Example of test setup – above 1 GHz – Horn antenna . 64
Figure 19 – Details of average limit for GPS, BDS, B1l and GLONASS bands –
Components . 72
Figure A.1 – Flow chart for checking the applicability of this document . 73
Figure B.1 – Verification setup . 75
Figure C.1 – Characteristic S of the sheath-current suppressor . 76
Figure D.1 – Example of vehicle test setup for equipment noise . 78
Figure D.2 – Example of vehicle test setup for antenna noise measurement . 79
Figure E.1 – Example of 5 µH AN schematic . 81
Figure E.2 – Characteristics of the AN impedance Z . 81
PB
Figure E.3 – Example of 5 µH HV-AN schematic . 83
Figure E.4 – Example of 5 µH HV-AN combination in a single shielded box . 84
Figure E.5 – Impedance matching network attached between HV-ANs and EUT . 85
Figure E.6 – Example of 5 μH DC-charging-AN schematic . 86
Figure E.7 – Example of an AAN for signal/control port with symmetric lines (e.g. CAN) . 87
Figure E.8 – Example of AAN with wired network port with PLC on AC or
DC power lines . 88
Figure E.9 – Example of AAN circuit for signal/control port with PLC on control pilot . 89
Figure E.10 – Example of AAN circuit for pilot line . 90
Figure F.1 – Example of a basic stripline test setup in a shielded enclosure . 93
Figure F.2 – Example for a 50 Ω stripline . 97
Figure F.3 – Example for a 90 Ω stripline . 98
Figure H.1 – Conducted emission – example for test setup for EUTs with shielded
power supply systems . 106
Figure H.2 – Conducted emission – example of test setup for EUTs with shielded
power supply systems with electric motor attached to the bench . 107
Figure H.3 – Conducted emission – Example of test setup for EUTs with shielded
power supply systems and inverter . 108
CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021 – 7 –
Figure H.4 – Conducted emission – Example of test setup for EUTs with shielded
power supply systems and charger device . 109
Figure H.5 – Conducted emission – Example of test setup current probe measurement
on HV lines for EUTs with shielded power supply systems . 113
Figure H.6 – Conducted emission – Example of test setup current probe measurement
on HV lines for EUTs with shielded power supply systems with electric motor attached
to the bench . 114
Figure H.7 – Conducted emission – Example of test setup current probe measurement
on HV lines for EUTs with shielded power supply systems and inverter . 115
Figure H.8 – Conducted emission – Example of test setup current probe measurement
on HV lines for EUTs with shielded power supply systems and charger device . 116
Figure H.9 – Radiated emission – Example of test setup measurement with biconical
antenna for EUTs with shielded power supply systems and with LV lines facing the
antenna . 119
Figure H.10 – Radiated emission – Example of test setup measurement with biconical
antenna for EUTs with shielded power supply systems with electric motor attached to
the bench and with LV lines facing the antenna . 120
Figure H.11 – Radiated emission – Example of test setup measurement with biconical
antenna for EUTs with shielded power supply systems and inverter and with LV lines
facing the antenna . 121
Figure H.12 – Radiated emission – Example of test setup measurement with biconical
antenna for EUTs with shielded power supply systems and charger device and with LV
lines facing the antenna . 122
Figure H.13 – Test setup for calibration of the test signal . 124
Figure H.14 – Example of test setup for conducted emissions – voltage method –
measurement on LV ports with injection on HV supply ports . 125
Figure H.15 – Example of test setup for conducted emissions – current probe method –
measurement on LV ports with injection on HV supply ports . 127
Figure H.16 – Example of test setup for radiated emissions – ALSE method –
measurement with biconical antenna with injection on HV supply ports . 129
Figure H.17 – Test setup for EUT S measurements . 131
Figure H.18 – Examples of requirements for coupling attenuation, a . 132
c
Figure I.1 – Examples of typical ALSE influence parameters over the 10 MHz to
100 MHz frequency range . 134
Figure I.2 – Visual representation of ALSE performance validation process . 135
Figure I.3 – Metallic sheet angles used as support for the rod . 137
Figure I.4 – Radiator side view 50 Ω terminations . 137
Figure I.5 – Photo of the radiator mounted on the ground reference plane . 137
Figure I.6 – Example VSWR measured from four radiation sources (without 10 dB
attenuator) . 138
Figure I.7 – Example setup for ALSE equivalent field strength measurement (rod
antenna shown for the frequency range from 150 kHz to 30 MHz) . 140
Figure I.8 – MoM-Model for the frequency range 30 MHz to 200 MHz . 142
Figure J.1 – Sources of measurement instrumentation uncertainty . 149
Figure K.1 – Example of measurement for frequency step uncertainty evaluation . 163
Figure L.1 – Sources of measurement instrumentation uncertainty – conducted
emissions from components/modules – Voltage method . 165
Figure L.2 – Sources of measurement instrumentation uncertainty – conducted
emissions from components/modules – Current probe method . 166
– 8 – CISPR 25:2021 © IEC 2021
Figure L.3 – Sources of measurement instrumentation uncertainty – radiated emissions
from components/modules – ALSE method . 167
Table 1 – Spectrum analyser parameters . 24
Table 2 – Scanning receiver parameters . 26
Table 3 – Antenna types . 29
Table 4 – Example for limits of disturbance – Complete vehicle – General . 40
Table 5 – Example for limits of disturbance – Complete vehicle – Digital mobile phone . 42
Table 6 – Examples of limits for conducted disturbances – Voltage method . 54
Table 7 – Examples of limits for conducted disturbances – Current probe method . 57
Table 8 – Examples of limits for radiated disturbances – ALSE method – General . 65
Table 9 – Examples of limits for radiated disturbances – ALSE method – Digital mobile
phone . 67
Table E.1 – Magnitude of the AN impedance Z . 82
PB
Table F.1 – Examples of limits for radiated disturbances – Stripline method . 94
Table H.1 – Example for HV limits for conducted voltage measurements at shielded
power supply devices (HV-LV coupling attenuation class A1) . 110
Table H.2 – Example of configurations for equipment without negative LV line . 131
Table H.3 – Example of configurations for equipment with negative LV line . 131
Table H.4 – Examples of requirements for minimum coupling attenuation, a . 132
c
Table I.1 – Reference data to be used for chamber validation . 142
Table J.1 – Input quantities to be considered for voltage at antenna terminal
measurements . 151
Table K.1 – Typical uncertainty budget – Voltage at antenna terminal – AM band with
OEM passive vehicle antenna (high impedance) . 156
Table K.2 – Typical uncertainty budget – Voltage at antenna terminal – AM band with
OEM active vehicle antenna (“matched 50 Ω” impedance) . 159
Table K.3 – Typical uncertainty budget – Voltage at antenna terminal – Others bands
with reference antenna . 161
Table L.1 – Input quantities to be considered for emissions from components/modules . 169
Table M.1 – Typical uncertainty budget – Conducted emissions from
components/modules – Voltage method and current probe method . 175
Table M.2 – Typical uncertainty budget – Radiated emissions from
components/modules – ALSE method . 177
CI
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The SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 standard provides a comprehensive framework for measuring radio disturbance characteristics in vehicles, boats, and internal combustion engines, particularly focusing on the protection of on-board receivers. The document spans frequency ranges from 150 kHz to 5,925 MHz, ensuring robust guidelines for any electronic or electrical component utilized within these vehicles and associated devices. One of the significant strengths of this standard is its clear delineation of limits and procedures aimed at minimizing radio disturbances that could interfere with essential receiver types such as broadcast receivers, land mobile radio, and satellite navigation systems. By specifically addressing components and modules within the same vehicles and providing context within the scope of ITU recommendations, the standard establishes a sound basis for compliance and effective engineering practices. Another noteworthy aspect is its pragmatic approach to the collaboration between vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers. The flexibility built into the aforementioned limits, allowing for modifications agreed upon by parties involved, showcases its relevance in real-world applications where adaptations may be necessary due to varying operational contexts. Moreover, the inclusion of specific test methods for use by manufacturers aids in the design process, helping ensure that on-board radio frequency emissions remain within controlled levels. This contributes not only to enhanced performance but also to user safety, ultimately promoting consumer trust in vehicle design and functionality. The standard explicitly focuses on the protection of on-board receivers while excluding intentional radio transmissions, thereby clarifying its scope and reinforcing its applicability. This focuses the standard on mitigating unintentional disturbances, which is critical for maintaining the integrity of communications in increasingly complex vehicular environments. Overall, the SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 is a timely and relevant standard that fortifies the relationship between evolving vehicle technologies and regulatory frameworks, providing essential guidelines for minimizing radio disturbances and ensuring compliance with international standards.
SIST EN IEC 55025:2022は、内燃機関を搭載した車両やボートにおける無線干渉特性についての限界値と測定方法を規定した重要な標準規格です。この文書は、150 kHzから5,925 MHzの周波数範囲における無線干渉の測定に関する限界と手続きを含んでおり、特に車両やボート、トレーラーといった移動体における使用を目的とした電子機器と電気機器に関連しています。 この標準の強みは、車両内に設置された受信機を、同じ車両内のコンポーネントやモジュールから発生する干渉から保護することにあります。対象となる受信機の種類には、放送受信機（音声およびテレビ）、陸上移動無線、無線電話、アマチュア無線、市民無線、衛星ナビゲーション（GPSなど）、Wi-Fi、V2X、Bluetoothなどが含まれます。このように、幅広い受信機に対する保護を意図している点が、非常に重要な特徴となっています。 また、この文書は、車両メーカーや部品メーカーが新たに車両ハーネスやオンボードパワーコネクタに接続する際に適用されることが求められています。このため、製品の設計段階から無線周波数放出の制御レベルを保証するためのテスト方法が明確に定義されていることは、特に重要です。指定された限界は推奨されており、顧客（車両メーカー）と供給者（部品メーカー）間での合意に基づいて修正が可能であるため、実際の製造現場における柔軟性も持ち合わせています。 さらに、標準文書は、国際電気通信連合（ITU）の公開文書にある周波数割当てに関する詳細にも言及しており、国際的な基準に基づく実施が可能である点で、各国の規制や標準と整合性を持つことができるのも大きな利点です。 ただし、この標準が電子制御システムの無線周波数（RF）放出やトランジェントまたはパルス波の電圧変動からの保護を含まないことは注意が必要です。この範囲に関してはISOの出版物が適用されるため、ユーザーは必要に応じて異なる基準を参照する必要があります。 総じて、SIST EN IEC 55025:2022は、車両やボートの設計や製造において極めて重要な役割を果たす標準として、無線干渉の管理と受信機保護に関する具体的かつ実用的なガイドラインを提供しており、その関連性は高いと言えます。
SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 표준 문서는 차량, 보트 및 내연 기관의 라디오 방해 특성을 규명하는 중요한 기준을 제공합니다. 이 문서의 범위는 150kHz에서 5,925MHz 범위의 주파수에서 발생하는 라디오 방해를 측정하기 위한 한계 및 절차를 포함하고 있으며, 차량, 보트, 내연 기관, 트레일러 및 해당 장치에 사용될 전자/전기 구성 요소에 적용됩니다. 이 표준의 강점은 설계 단계에서 차량 및 구성 요소 제조업체들이 차량 내에서 발생할 수 있는 방해 전파가 탑재된 수신기에게 미치는 영향을 효과적으로 관리할 수 있도록 돕는 것입니다. 방송 수신기, 이동 라디오, 위성 내비게이션, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 등 다양한 유형의 수신기를 보호하기 위한 명확한 요구 사항을 제시함으로써, 사용자의 안전과 편의를 증대시킵니다. 또한, 이 표준에서 제시되는 한계는 고객과 공급자 간의 합의에 따라 수정될 수 있어 유연성을 제공합니다. 전반적으로 SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 표준은 차량 제조업체 및 부품 공급업체가 차량 하네스 또는 차량 납품 이후 현장 연결되는 전원 커넥터에 대한 설계 및 적용을 지원하는 중요한 문서입니다. 이를 통해 차량의 설계와 구성 요소의 방사 전파 방출을 통제된 수준으로 유지할 수 있도록 도움을 주며, 결과적으로 차량의 전반적인 품질 및 성능을 향상시키는 데 기여합니다. 이 표준은 라디오 송신기의 의도적인 방출을 다루지 않으며, ISO 출판물에서 다루고 있는 전자 제어 시스템의 RF 방출이나 과도 전압 변동에 대한 보호 또한 포함되지 않습니다. 따라서, 특정 상황에서 고객과 공급자가 스푸리어스 방출을 관리하기 위해 규정 표준을 사용하는 것이 일반적입니다. 이러한 점에서 SIST EN IEC 55025:2022 표준은 현대 차량 및 전자 기기의 필수적인 안전성과 성능을 보장하는 데 매우 중요한 역할을 합니다.
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