SIST EN 16952:2018+A1:2021

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2021
Kmetijski stroji - Grobe terenske delovne platforme za dejavnosti v sadovnjakih
(WPO) - Varnost
Agricultural machinery - Rough-terrain Work Platforms for Orchard’s operations (WPO) -
Safety
Landmaschinen - Geländearbeitsbühnen für Obstplantagearbeiten (WPO) - Sicherheit
Matériel agricole - Plateformes élévatrices tout terrain pour arboriculture (PEMPA) -
Sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16952:2018+A1:2021
ICS:
53.020.99 Druga dvigalna oprema Other lifting equipment
65.060.99 Drugi kmetijski stroji in Other agricultural machines
oprema and equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16952:2018+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.020.99; 65.060.99 Supersedes EN 16952:2018
English Version
Agricultural machinery - Rough-terrain Work Platforms
for Orchard's operations (WPO) - Safety
Matériel agricole - Plateformes élévatrices tout terrain Landmaschinen - Geländearbeitsbühnen für
pour arboriculture (PEMPA) - Sécurité Obstplantagearbeiten (WPO) - Sicherheit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 September 2017 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 June
2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16952:2018+A1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 List of significant hazards . 11
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 20
5.1 General . 20
5.2 Structural and stability calculations . 20
5.3 Chassis . 20
5.4 Extending structure . 23
5.4.1 Methods to avoid overturning and exceeding permissible stresses . 23
5.4.2 Extending structure extension and retraction . 24
5.4.3 Protection against hazards related to the movements of the extending structure . 24
5.4.4 Position retention of the work platform . 25
5.4.5 Speed for raising and lowering of the work platform . 25
5.5 Extending structure drive systems . 25
5.6 Work platform . 26
5.7 Controls . 28
5.8 Electrical equipment . 30
5.9 Hydraulic systems . 31
5.10 Hydraulic cylinders . 32
5.10.1 Structural design . 32
5.10.2 Safety device for load holding cylinders . 37
5.11 Safety devices . 38
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 38
6.1 Examinations and tests . 38
6.1.1 General . 38
6.1.2 Design check . 39
6.1.3 Manufacturing check . 39
6.1.4 Tests . 40
6.2 Type tests of WPOs . 46
6.2.1 General . 46
6.2.2 Tests before placing on the market . 46
6.3 Validation of safety functions and performance levels . 47
7 Information for use . 47
7.1 Instruction handbook . 47
7.1.1 General . 47
7.2 Marking . 50
Annex A (normative) Calculations . 53
A.1 General . 53
A.2 Loads and forces . 53
A.3 Determination of loads and forces . 53
A.4 Stability calculations . 57
A.5 Structural calculations . 58
Annex B (normative) Requirements for protective curtains . 65
B.1 General . 65
B.2 Tensile resistance test . 65
B.3 Perforation resistance test . 65
B.4 Wear resistance test . 65
Annex C (normative) Additional requirements for wireless controls and control systems . 66
C.1 General . 66
C.2 Unauthorized use . 66
C.3 Control limitation . 66
C.4 Stop . 66
C.5 Serial data communication . 67
C.6 Use of more than one operator control station . 67
C.7 Battery-powered operator control stations . 67
C.8 Receiver . 67
C.9 Warnings . 67
C.10 Information for use . 67
Annex D (informative) Calculation examples - factor "z", kerb test . 68
Annex E (informative) Examples of Machines . 72
E.1 Examples of Machines covered by the standard. 72
E.2 Examples of Machines excluded from the scope of the standard . 74
Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered" . 78
Bibliography . 82

European foreword
This document (EN 16952:2018+A1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144
“Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2022 and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 June 2021.
This document supersedes !EN 16952:2018".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as specified in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
Significant hazards that are common to all the agricultural machines (self-propelled, mounted, semi-
mounted and trailed) are dealt with in EN ISO 4254-1.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C
standard.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard, when used together with EN ISO 4254-1 and EN 15811, specifies safety
requirements and measures for self-propelled rough-terrain work platforms for orchard’s operations
(WPO) operating at a maximum of 3 m high as defined in 3.1, where the vertical projection of the centre
of the area of the platform in all platform configurations at the maximum chassis inclination specified by
the manufacturer is always inside the tipping lines, used in agriculture, designed to work on unimproved
natural terrain and/or disturbed terrain and intended to move at least two persons to working positions
in an orchard where they are carrying out fruit picking, thinning out, pruning, or other operations related
to orchard from the work platform.
NOTE For examples of rough-terrain work platforms for orchard’s operations (WPO), see Figures E.1 to E.3.
This European Standard describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the
intended use of these machines in the course of normal operation and service, except hazards related to
conveyor belts and elevators for the bin. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working
practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer.
When requirements of this document are different from those which are stated in EN ISO 4254-1, the
requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of EN ISO 4254-1 for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document.
This European Standard, taken together with EN ISO 4254-1 and EN 15811, deals with all the significant
hazards, hazardous situations and events (as listed in Table 1) relevant to WPOs, when they are used as
intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not cover the hazards arising from:
a) use in potentially explosive atmospheres;
b) getting on and off the work platform at changing levels;
c) environmental aspects;
d) road safety.
1.2 This European Standard does not apply to:
a) Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs) (see EN 280);
NOTE 1 Figure E.4 gives an example of this type of machine.
b) boom-type MEWPs (see EN 280);
NOTE 2 Figure E.5 and E.6 give examples of this type of machine.
c) tail lifts (see EN 1756-1 and EN 1756-2);
d) mast climbing work platforms (see EN 1495);
e) lifting tables (see EN 1570-1);
f) aircraft ground support equipment (see e.g. EN 1915-1 and EN 1915-2);
g) elevating operator positions on industrial trucks (see EN ISO 3691-3);
h) unguided work cages suspended from lifting appliances (see e.g. EN 1808);
i) machines having centre of the area of the platform outside the tipping lines.
NOTE 3 Figure E.7 gives an example of this type of machine.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
EN 15811:2014, Agricultural machinery - Fixed guards and interlocked guards with or without guard
locking for moving transmission parts (ISO/TS 28923:2012, modified)
EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2016)
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN ISO 4254-1:2015, Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 4254-1:2013)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 14982:2009, Agricultural and forestry machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility - Test methods
and acceptance criteria (ISO 14982:1998)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 2: Validation (ISO
13849-2:2012)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)
ISO 525:2013, Bonded abrasive products - General requirements
ISO 845:2006, Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density
ISO 3864-1:2011, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs and safety markings
ISO 4302:2016, Cranes - Wind load assessment
ISO 4305:2014, Mobile cranes - Determination of stability
ISO 16001:2017, Earth-moving machinery - Object detection systems and visibility aids - Performance
requirements and tests
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010,
EN ISO 4254-1:2015 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
rough-terrain work platforms for orchard’s operations (WPO)
self-propelled machine used in agriculture, designed to work on unimproved natural terrain and/or
disturbed terrain, which consists as a minimum of a work platform with controls, an extending structure
and a chassis, where the vertical projection of the center of the area of the platform in all platform
configurations at the maximum chassis inclination specified by the manufacturer is always inside the
tipping lines, for which travelling is allowed with lowered and with raised work platform and it is
controlled from a point of control at the chassis or at the work platform, which is intended to move at
least two persons to working positions in an orchard where they are carrying out fruit picking, thinning
out, pruning, or other operations related to the orchard from the work platform
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2
work platform
fenced platform or a cage which can be moved under load to the required working position and from
which carrying out fruit picking, thinning out, pruning, or other operations related to orchard’s upkeep
can be carried out
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.3
platform extension
extension
part of the work platform which can shift laterally in respect of the direction of motion of the WPO, and
which extends the work platform in order to facilitate the approach to the orchard to perform the
necessary operations
3.4
extending structure
structure which is connected to the chassis and supports the work platform. It allows vertical movement
of the work platform to its required position
Note 1 to entry: Example of extending structure: scissors mechanism.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.5
chassis
base of the WPO
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.6
access position
position(s) to provide access to and from the work platform
3.7
transport position
position of the elements of the WPO prescribed by the manufacturer in which the WPO is intended to
travel without working on the trees and the extensions are retracted
3.8
lowering
all operations to move the work platform to a lower level
3.9
raising
all operations to move the work platform to a higher level
3.10
self-levelling rough-terrain work platforms for orchard’s operations (self-levelling WPO)
WPO which can compensate variation of terrain slope with variation of work platform’s inclination in
respect of a longitudinal or transversal axis, or both
3.11
rated load
load for which the WPO has been designed for normal operation and which is composed of persons, tools
and products acting vertically on the work platform
Note 1 to entry: A WPO usually has more than one rated load (e.g. for work platform and platform extensions if
any, or for transport and working position).
3.12
load cycle
cycle starting from the access position, carrying out work and returning to the access position
3.13
type test
test on the representative model of a new design or one incorporating significant changes to an existing
design, carried out by or on behalf of the manufacturer or his authorized representative
3.14
load sensing system
system of monitoring the vertical load and vertical forces on the work platform
Note 1 to entry: The system includes the measuring device(s), the way the measuring devices are incorporated
in the machinery and the signal processing system.
3.15
wireless control
means by which the WPO operator’s commands are transmitted without any physical connection for at
least part of the distance between the control console and the rest of the control system
3.16
working space
area in which the work platform is designed to work within the specified loads and forces under normal
operating conditions
Note 1 to entry: WPO usually have more than one working space.
3.17
elevator for the bin
front or rear mounted lifting equipment provided to move the bin from ground to the platform and vice-
versa
Note 1 to entry: Fork lift is a possible elevator for the bin.

Key
1 work platform (see 3.2)
2 extending structure (see 3.4)
3 chassis (see 3.5)
Figure 1 — Illustration of some definitions
3.18
side limit slope
maximum slope in degrees perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the WPO that can be achieved without
tipping of the WPO
3.19
longitudinal limit slope
maximum slope in degrees with the longitudinal axis of the WPO parallel to the slope that can be achieved
without tipping of the WPO
3.20
maximum lateral operating slope
slope 50 (%) of the side limit slope
3.21
maximum longitudinal operating slope
slope 50 (%) of the longitudinal limit slope
3.22
maximum operating slope
minimum value of the maximum lateral operating slope and the maximum longitudinal operating slope
3.23
automatic mode
form of control of the machine which allows travelling in forward direction without continuous action of
the operator on a dedicated control
4 List of significant hazards
Hazards have been identified by the risk assessment procedure and the corresponding requirements
formulated (see Table 1).
A hazard which is not considered significant and for which, therefore, no requirements are formulated, is
shown in the Corresponding Requirements column as NS (not significant).
Table 1 — List of significant hazards
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.1 Mechanical hazard
A.1.1 Crushing hazard — Controls 4.5.3; 5.1.3.2; 5.1.8; 6.1 5.3.12; 5.4.3.2; 5.6.10;
5.7
— Boarding means 4.7.1.1.2; 4.7.1.2.5; 4.7.2; No requirements in
4.8 addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
— Platforms 4.7.2 5.4, 5.5, 5.6
— Power transmission 6.4 5.4
— Working tools 4.10 NS
—Service/maintenance 4.11; 4.17.1; 4.17.3; 5.4.4
4.9.2; 4.9.3
—Roll-over 5.1.2.3; 5.7 5.2; 5.3; 5.4.1; 5.4.2
—Shearing/pinching 5.1.4 5.4.3
points
— Moving the machine 5.2 5.3;
— Stability 6.2 5.2; 5.3; 5.4.1, 5.4.2
— Mounting of machines 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.6.11
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.1.2 Shearing hazard — Controls 4.5.3; 5.1.3.2; 5.1.8; 6.1 5.4.3.2; 5.7
— Boarding means 4.7.1.1.2; 4.7.1.2.5; 4.7.2; No requirements in
4.8 addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
— Platforms 4.7.2.2 5.4, 5.5, 5.6
— Power transmission 6.4 5.4
— Working tools 4.10 NS
—Service/maintenance 4.11; 4.17.1; 4.17.3; 5.4.4,
4.9.2; 4.9.3
—Roll-over 5.1.2.3; 5.7 5.2; 5.3; 5.4.1; 5.4.2
—Shearing/pinching 5.1.4 5.4.3
points
— Moving the machine 5.2 5.3
— Stability 6.2 5.2; 5.3; 5.4.1, 5.4.2
— Mounting of machines 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.6.11
A.1.3 Cutting or — Working tools 4.9.2; 4.9.3 NS
severing hazard
A.1.4 Entanglement — Power transmission 6.4 5.3.9
hazard
— Working tools 4.9.2; 4.9.3 NS
— Starting/stopping the 5.1.8 NS
engine
A.1.5 Drawing-in or — Power transmission 6.4 5.4.3; 5.5
trapping hazard
— Working tools 4.9.2; 4.9.3 NS
— Starting/stopping the 5.1.8 NS
engine
A.1.6 Impact hazard — Boarding means 4.7.1.2.5 5.1; 5.6.3
— Folding elements 4.9.2; 4.9.3 5.6
— Steering 5.1.3.1 NS
A.1.7 Stabbing or — Working tools 4.9.2; 4.9.3 NS
puncture hazard
A.1.8 Friction or — Controls 4.5.3; 5.1.3.2 5.7.7
abrasion hazard
— Electrical equipment 4.12 5.8.4
— Boarding means 4.7.1.1.2 No requirements in
addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
A.1.9 High-pressure — Hydraulic components 4.13; 6.5 5.9; 5.10
fluid injection or
ejection hazard
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.2 Electrical hazards
A.2.1 Contact of — Electrical equipment 4.12; 5.3; 6.5 5.8
persons with live
parts
(direct contact)
A.2.2 Contact of — Electrical equipment 4.12.1 5.8
persons with
parts which
have become
live under fault y
conditions
(indirect
contact)
A.2.3 Approach to — Overhead power lines 8.2.3; 8.3.4 No requirements in
live parts addition to those in
under high EN ISO 4254-1:2015
voltage
A.2.4 Thermal — Electrical equipment 4.12.2; 5.3.1 5.8
radiation or
other
phenomena
such as the
projection of
molten particles
and chemical
effects from
short circuits,
overloads, etc.
A.2.5 Electromagnetic — Electrical equipment 4.18 5.8.6
phenomena
A.3 Thermal hazards
Burns, scalds — Operating fluids 4.15 5.3.10
and other
injuries by
possible contact
of persons with — Cab material 5.1.6 5.6.2
objects or
materials with
an extreme high
or low
— Hot surfaces 5.5 No requirements in
temperature, by
addition to those in
f lames
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
or explosions
and also by the
radiation of
heat sources
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.4 Hazards generated by noise
Hearing loss — Noise 4.3 No requirements in
(deafness), addition to those in
other EN ISO 4254-1:2015
physiological
disorders (e.g.
loss of balance,
loss of
awareness)
Accidents due to
interference
with speech
communication
and acoustic
warning signals
A.5 Vibration hazards
A.5.1 Discomfort, low- — Machine design 4.4 5.6.9;
back morbidity
— Seat 5.1.2 NS
A.6 Hazards generated by materials and substances
A.6.1 Hazards from — Operating fluids 4.15; 5.4 5.9; 5.10
contact with, or
inhalation, of
— Cab material 5.1.6 NS
harmful fluids,
gases, mists, — Battery 5.3.1 5.3.13;
fumes and
— Exhaust gases 5.6 5.3.10
dusts
A.6.2 Fire or explosion — Cab material 5.1.6 NS
hazard
A.7 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design
A.7.1 Unhealthy — Controls 4.5 5.7.1 letter b
postures or
excessive
effort — Boarding means 4.7; 4.8 5.6.3
— Service and 4.11; 4.17.4 NS
maintenance
— Operator station 5.1.1; 5.1.3; 5.1.5.2 5.6.2
A.7.2 Inadequate — Controls 4.5 NS
consideration of
hand–
— Boarding means 4.7; 4.8 NS
arm or foot–leg
anatomy
— Operator station 5.1 NS
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.7.3 Neglected use of — Operator’s manual 8.2.3 NS
personal
protective
equipment
A.7.4 Inadequate local — Visibility 5.1.7. 3 NS
lighting
A.7.5 Mental overload — Controls 4.5 NS
and under load,
stress
A.7.6 Human error, — Controls 4.5 5.7
human
behaviour
— Operator’s manual 8.2 7.1
— Signs 8.3 7.2
A.7.7 Inadequate — Controls 4.5; 5.1.3; 6.1 5.7
design, location
or identification
manual controls
A.8 Combination of — Individual assemblies 4.16 No requirements in
hazards addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
— Operator’s manual 8.1; 8.2 7.2
A.9 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/overspeed
A.9.1 Failure/disorder — Service and 4.11 No requirements in
of the control maintenance addition to those in

EN ISO 4254-1:2015
system
— Electrical equipment 4.12 5.11
— Connections 6.5 5.8
A.9.2 Restoration of — Controls 4.5; 6.1 5.7
energy supply
after
an interruption
A.9.3 External — Cables 4.12.1 5.8
influences on
electrical
equipment
A.9.4 Other external — Stability 6.2.1.1; 6.2.1.2 5.4.1
influences
(gravity, wind,
etc.)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.9.5 Errors made by — Controls 4.5; 6.1.2 5.7
the operator
(due to
— Boarding means 4.7; 4.8 NS
mismatch of
machinery with
human
— Operator station 5.1 NS
characteristics
and abilities
— Moving the machine 5.2 No requirements in
addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
— Mounting of machines 6.2; 6.3 5.6.11

— Service and 4.17 No requirements in
maintenance addition to those in

EN ISO 4254-1:2015
— Operator’s manual 8.2.3 7.2
A.10 Impossibility of — Controls 4.5; 4.19; 6.1 5.3; 5.5; 5.7
stopping the
machine in the
best possible
— Starting/stopping the 5.1.8
conditions
engine
A.11 Variations in — PTO drive shaft 6.4; 8.1; 8.2 NS
the rotational
speed of tools
A.12 Failure of power — Supports 4.11 5.5
supply
— Electrical equipment 4.12 5.8

— Connections 6.5 No requirements in
addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
- Others  5.7.6, 5.7.8
A.13 Failure of the — Electrical equipment 4.12; 4.20 5.11
control circuit
A.14 Errors of fitting — Mounting of machines 6.2; 6.3 5.6.11

— Operator’s manual 8.1; 8.2 7.2

Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.15 — Guards and barriers 4.10 5.6;
Break-up during
operation
— Supports 4.11 5.4.1
— Hydraulic components 4.13 5.9

— Pneumatic components 4.14 No requirements in
addition to those in
EN ISO 4254-1:2015
A.16 Falling or ejected — Supports 4.11 NS
objects or fluids
— Hydraulic components 4.13 5.9

— Folding elements 4.9.2; 4.9.3 NS
A.17 Loss of — Stability 6.2 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.6
stability/ov
erturning of
— Roll-over 5.1.2.3; 5.7 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.6
machinery
A.18 Slip, trap and — Boarding means 4.7; 4.8 5.6
fall of persons
(related to
machinery)
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to mobility
A.19 Related to the travelling function
A.19.1 Movement when — Propulsion of machine 5.1.2.3 No requirements in
starting the addition to those in

engine EN ISO 4254-1:2015
— Starting/stopping the 5.1.8 5.7.7
engine
A.19.2 Moving without — Propulsion of machine 5.1.3 5.7.1
a driver at the
driving position
— Starting/stopping the 5.1.8 5.3.6
engine
A.19.3 Movement — Folding elements 4.9.2; 4.9.3 5.3
without all parts
in a safe
position
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.19.4 Insufficient — Propulsion of machine 5.1.3 5.3
ability of
machinery to
be slowed
down,
stopped and
immobilized
A.20 Link to the work position
A.20.1 Fall of persons — Boarding means 4.7; 4.8 5.1; 5.6
during access
to (or at/from)
the work
position
A.20.2 Exhaust — Gases 5.4.1; 5.6 5.3.9
gases/lack of
oxygen at the
work position
A.20.3 Fire — Cab material 5.1.6 5.6.2
(flammability of
the cab, lack of
extinguishing
means)
A.20.4 Mechanical — Shearing/pinching 4.5.3; 4.7. 1.2.5; 5.1.4 NS
hazards at the points
working
position:
— Wheels 4.7.1.1.2 NS
a) contact with
wheels;
— PTO drive shaft 4.8.2.3 NS
b) rollover;
c) fall of objects,
penetration by
— Supports 4.11 NS
objects;
— Roll-over 5.1.2.3; 5.7 NS
A.20.5 Insufficient — Visibility 5.1.7 5.3.1
visibility from
the work
positions
A.20.6 Inadequate — Visibility 5.1.7. 3 NS
lighting
A.20.7 Inadequate — Operator’s seat 5.1.2 NS
seating
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.20.8 Noise at work — Operator’s work station 4.3 5.1
position
A.20.9 Insufficient — Emergency exit 5.1.5 5.7.7
means for
evacuation/
emergency exit
A.21 Due to the control system
A.21.1 Inadequate — Controls 4.5; 4.11.1.2; 5.1.2.1; 5.7
location of 6.1.1; 6.1.2
manual
controls
A.21.2 Inadequate — Controls 4.5; 5.1.3; 5.1.8 5.7; 5.11
design of
manual con-
trols and their
mode of
operation
A.22 From handling — Stability 6.2 5.3; 5.4; 5.7
the machine
(lack of
— Roll-over 5.1.2.3; 5.7 5.3; 5.4; 5.7
stability)
A.23 Due to the power source and to the transmission of power
A.23.1 Hazards from the — Starting/stopping the 5.1.8 5.7.7;
engine and the engine
batteries
— Battery 5.3 5.3
A.23.2 Hazards from — Power transmission 6.4 No requirements in
transmission addition to those in
power EN ISO 4254-1:2015
between
machines
A.23.3 Hazards from — Mounting of machines 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.3.4
coupling and
towing
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event EN ISO 4254-1:2015 this Standard
A.24 From/to third persons
A.24.1 Unauthorized — Starting/stopping the 5.1.8.1 5.3.6
start-up and use engine
A.24.2 Lack or — Visibility 5.1.7 5.3.1
inadequacy of
visual or
acoustic warning
means
A.25 Insufficient — Operator’s manual 8.1; 8.2 7.1; 7.2
instructions for
the
driver/operator
a
With reference to EN ISO 4254-1:2015, Table A.1.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
The WPO shall be in accordance with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
In addition, the WPO shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100, for hazards relevant,
but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document.
Unless otherwise specified in this European Standard, the machine shall comply with the requirements
of EN ISO 4254-1.
Means of access from the ground level to the work platform when lowered shall be provided.
5.2 Structural and stability calculations
Structural and stability calculations shall be performed according to Annex A.
5.3 Chassis
5.3.1 An audible alarm shall start when the machine starts to travel in reverse direction and shall last
as long as the machine travels in reverse direction or a rear view camera according to ISO 16001 shall be
provided, with which the danger zone behind the machine can be in clear view of the operator.
5.3.2 Every WPO shall have an easily identifiable visual and acoustic signal clearly perceivable at least
by the driver to indicate that the inclination of the machine in any direction is approaching the maximum
operating slope given in the manufacturer's instruction handbook.
The triggering of the visual and acoustic signal shall be preferably performed in a graduated manner. At
least, the visual signal shall be triggered at 70% of the maximum operating slope and the acoustic signal
shall reach full intensity at 90% of the maximum operating slope.
When travelling out of the transport position the maximum operating slope given in the manufacturer's
instruction handbook and determined according to 6.1.4.2 is reached, the WPO shall have a device that
stops automatically the WPO and restart of travelling and any other movement which leads to further
instability shall be prevented. A tolerance of ±10% of the maximum operating slope is allowed.
Movements to reduce instability shall be permitted. Restart of travelling and other movements shall be
allowed only when stability is ensured again and after an intentional action by the operator. The device
shall be constructed to meet the requirements of 5.11.
5.3.3 Any locking elements shall be secured against unintentional disengagement and loss.
5.3.4 All WPOs shall be equipped with service brakes on at least two wheels on the same axis.
In addition, all WPOs shall be equipped with brakes on at least two wheels on the same axis which
— shall engage automatically when power to the brakes is removed or fails,
and
— shall engage automatically when the travel drive is in neutral position,
and
— shall be able to stop the WPO in accordance with 5.3.8 and keep it in stopped position,
and
— shall not rely on hydraulic or pneumatic pressure or electric power to remain engaged.
These brakes also act as parking brakes and shall be tested according to 6.1.4.2.6.3.
Brakes shall be designed taking into account the environment and the normal use of a WPO in an orchard
in order to avoid unexpected deterioration (e.g. due to frost, humidity).
For attaching of a tow bar a coupling device shall be provided.
Attachment points for tying down shall be provided; if specified by the manufacturer, the wheels axles of
the machine can be used as attachment points for tying down.
For towing the machine in case of a failure, provisions shall be available (e.g. a means of releasing an
automatically applied brake).
5.3.5 WPOs shall be stable during travelling both in transport and extended position. The extended
position shall be verified as specified in 6.1.4.2.
WPOs shall also be stable while travelling on a horizontal surface in all working positions. This
requirement is met if the WPO does not become unstable during the kerb and depression tests
(6
...