SIST-TS CEN/TS 15901-4:2010
(Main)Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 4: Procedure for determining the skid resistance of pavements using a device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCT): Tatra Runway Tester (TRT)
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 4: Procedure for determining the skid resistance of pavements using a device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCT): Tatra Runway Tester (TRT)
This Technical Specification describes a method for determining the skid resistance of pavements by measurement of the longitudinal friction coefficient LFCT.
The method provides a measure of the skid resistance properties of a bound surface by measurement of the longitudinal friction coefficient using a continuous reading braked test wheel with a slip ratio of 25 % (standard) or a variable slip between 0 % to 100 % (for research measurements).
The test tyre is dragged over a pre-wetted pavement under controlled load and constant speed conditions. The measured values can be affected by the test speed.
This technical specification covers the operation of the Tatra Runway Tester (TRT).
The acronym Tatra Runway Tester (TRT) applies to a device, developed by Tatra Kopřivnice in the Czech Republic to perform routine, continuous measurements of friction for long road sections or punctual measurements at different speeds to characterise a particular section. It is not manufactured under license.
A machine conforming to the general characteristics of the TRT and the specific provisions of this Technical Specification may also be used for the tests.
The skid resistance of a pavement is determined by friction measurements and measurements of pavement texture. Where measurement of pavement texture is required, the standard for this measurement and the device is described in EN ISO 13473-1.
Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von Fahrbahndecken durch Verwendung eines Geräts mit geregeltem Schlupf in Längsrichtung (LFCT): das Tatra-Fahrbahnmessgerät (TRT)
Diese Technische Spezifikation beschreibt ein Verfahren für die Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von Fahrbahndecken
durch Messung des Reibungskoeffizienten in Längsrichtung LFCT.
Dieses Verfahren liefert ein Maß für die Griffigkeitseigenschaften einer gebundenen Oberfläche durch Messung
des Reibungskoeffizienten in Längsrichtung mit Hilfe eines kontinuierlich messenden Messfahrzeugs mit
gebremstem Messrad mit einem Schlupfverhältnis von 25 % (Normwert) oder einem variablen Schlupf zwischen
0 % und 100 % (für Forschungsmessungen).
Der Messreifen wird unter geregelten Lastbedingungen und mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit über eine zuvor
angenässte Fahrbahndecke gezogen. Die Messwerte werden von der Messgeschwindigkeit beeinflusst.
Diese Technische Spezifikation behandelt den Betrieb des Tatra-Fahrbahnmessgeräts (en: Tatra Runway
Tester, TRT).
Die Bezeichnung Tatra-Fahrbahnmessgerät bzw. die Abkürzung TRT gilt für das in der Tschechischen Republik
von Tatra Kopřivnice entwickelte Messgerät zur Durchführung von routinemäßigen kontinuierlichen
Reibungsmessungen auf langen Straßenabschnitten oder zur Durchführung von punktuellen Messungen bei
unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten zur Charakterisierung eines bestimmten Abschnitts. Es wird nicht in
Lizenz hergestellt.
Für diese Prüfungen darf auch ein Messgerät verwendet werden, dass den allgemeinen Merkmalen des
Tatra-Fahrbahnmessgeräts und den speziellen Vorgaben dieser Technischen Spezifikation entspricht.
Die Griffigkeit einer Fahrbahn wird mit Hilfe von Reibungsmessungen und Messungen der Fahrbahntextur
ermittelt. Das Normverfahren für die Messung der Fahrbahntextur, falls diese erforderlich ist, und das dafür zu
verwendende Messgerät sind in EN ISO 13473-1 beschrieben.
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aéroports - Partie 4 : Mode opératoire de détermination de l'adhérence d'un revêtement de chaussée à l'aide d'un dispositif à frottement longitudinal contrôlé (CFLT): le Tatra Runway Tester (TRT:Voiture d'essai de piste)
La présente Spécification technique décrit une méthode permettant de déterminer l’adhérence des chaussées revêtues par mesure du coefficient de frottement longitudinal CFLT.
La méthode permet de déterminer les propriétés d’adhérence d’une surface de roulement en mesurant le coefficient de frottement longitudinal à l’aide d’une roue d’essai freinée de mesure en continu offrant un taux de glissement de 25 % (norme) ou un taux de glissement variable compris entre 0 % et 100 % (mesures de recherche).
Le pneumatique d’essai est traîné sur une chaussée préalablement mouillée, dans des conditions contrôlées de charge et de vitesse constante. Les valeurs mesurées peuvent être affectées par la vitesse d’essai.
La présente spécification technique porte sur le fonctionnement du Tatra Runway Tester (TRT).
L’acronyme TRT (Tatra Runway Tester) s’applique à un appareil développé par Tatra Kopřivnice en République Tchèque, permettant de procéder à des mesures de routine et en continu du frottement sur de longues sections routières, ou à des mesures ponctuelles à différentes vitesses afin de caractériser une section particulière. Cet appareil n’est pas fabriqué sous licence.
Pour les essais, il est possible d’utiliser une machine conforme aux caractéristiques générales du TRT et aux dispositions particulières de la présente Spécification technique.
L’adhérence d’une chaussée est déterminée par mesures du frottement et de la texture de la chaussée. Si une mesure de la texture de la chaussée est requise, la méthode et le dispositif sont présentés dans l’EN ISO 13473-1.
Značilnosti cestnih in vzletnih površin - 4. del: Postopek določanja torne sposobnosti vozne površine z opremo za vzdolžne meritve s kontroliranim drsenjem (LFCT): Tatra Runway Tester (TRT)
Ta tehnična specifikacija opisuje metodo določanja torne sposobnosti površin z meritvijo količnika trenja LFCT. Ta metoda določa meritev lastnosti torne sposobnosti omejene površine z merjenjem količnika trenja z neprekinjenim pregledovanjem poskusnega zavornega kolesa s stopnjo zdrsa pri 25 % (standardno) ali spremenljivo stopnjo zdrsa med 0 in 100 % (za raziskovalne meritve). S preskusno pnevmatiko se zavira na predhodno namočeni površini pod nadzorovanimi pogoji upora in hitrosti. Na izmerjene vrednosti lahko vpliva preskusna hitrost. Ta tehnična specifikacija zajema delovanje naprave za preskušanje Tatra Runway Tester (TRT). Akronim naprave za preskušanje Tatra Runway Tester (TRT) velja za napravo, ki jo je razvilo podjetje Tatra Koprivice iz Češke republike za izvajanje rutinskih, neprekinjenih meritev trenja za odseke dolgih cest ali točne meritve pri različnih hitrostih za označevanje določenega odseka. Ne proizvaja se pod licenco. Stroj, ki ustreza splošnim značilnostim naprave za preskušanje TRT in posebnim določbam te tehnične specifikacije, se lahko uporablja tudi za preskuse. Torno sposobnost površine določajo meritve trenja in meritve teksture površine. Kjer se zahteva merjenje teksture površine, je standard tega merjenja in opreme opisan v EN ISO 13473-1.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15901-4:2010
01-februar-2010
=QDþLOQRVWLFHVWQLKLQY]OHWQLKSRYUãLQGHO 3RVWRSHNGRORþDQMDWRUQH
VSRVREQRVWLYR]QHSRYUãLQH]RSUHPR]DY]GROåQHPHULWYHVNRQWUROLUDQLP
GUVHQMHP /)&7 7DWUD5XQZD\7HVWHU 757
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 4: Procedure for determining the skid
resistance of pavements using a device with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCT): Tatra
Runway Tester (TRT)
Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von Fahrbahndecken durch Verwendung eines
Geräts mit geregeltem Schlupf in Längsrichtung (LFCT): das Tatra-Fahrbahnmessgerät
(TRT)
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aéroports - Partie 4 : Mode opératoire de
détermination de l'adhérence d'un revêtement de chaussée à l'aide d'un dispositif à
frottement longitudinal contrôlé (CFLT): le Tatra Runway Tester (TRT:Voiture d'essai de
piste)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15901-4:2009
ICS:
17.040.20 Lastnosti površin Properties of surfaces
93.080.10 Gradnja cest Road construction
93.120 *UDGQMDOHWDOLãþ Construction of airports
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15901-4:2010 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15901-4:2010
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 15901-4:2010
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15901-4
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
November 2009
ICS 93.080.20
English Version
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Part 4: Procedure for
determining the skid resistance of pavements using a device
with longitudinal controlled slip (LFCT): Tatra Runway Tester
(TRT)
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aéroports - Partie Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen -
4 : Mode opératoire de détermination de l'adhérence d'un
Teil 4: Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Griffigkeit von
revêtement de chaussée à l'aide d'un dispositif à frottement Fahrbahndecken durch Verwendung eines Geräts mit
longitudinal contrôlé (CFLT): le Tatra Runway Tester geregeltem Schlupf in Längsrichtung (LFCT): das Tatra-
(TRT:Voiture d'essai de piste) Fahrbahnmessgerät (TRT)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 27 June 2009 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15901-4:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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CEN/TS 15901-4:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Fields of application . 4
4 Terms and definitions . 5
5 Safety . 7
6 Principle of measurements and description of the device TRT . 8
6.1 Principle of measurements. 8
6.2 Description of the TRT . 8
7 Key characteristics . 9
7.1 General . 9
7.2 Test speed . 9
7.3 Braking system . 9
7.4 Static wheel load . 9
7.5 Dynamic wheel load . 9
7.6 Test wheel arrangement . 9
7.7 Test tyre . 9
7.8 Tyre and rim . 10
7.9 Vertical and horizontal force transducers . 10
7.10 Minimum sampling interval . 10
7.11 Water delivery system, theoretical water film thickness . 10
7.12 General requirements for measuring system . 10
7.13 Parameters recorded . 10
8 Test procedure . 11
8.1 Standard test conditions . 11
8.2 Prior to testing . 11
8.3 Testing . 11
9 Data recording . 12
10 Calibration . 12
10.1 General . 12
10.2 Verification of basic parameters of the test device . 13
10.3 Testing of measuring device . 13
10.4 Checking of the test device . 13
11 Accuracy. 15
12 Test report . 15
Bibliography . 17
2
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Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15901-4:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227
“Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
3
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CEN/TS 15901-4:2009 (E)
1 Scope
This Technical Specification describes a method for determining the skid resistance of pavements by
measurement of the longitudinal friction coefficient LFCT.
The method provides a measure of the skid resistance properties of a bound surface by measurement
of the longitudinal friction coefficient using a continuous reading braked test wheel with a slip ratio of
25 % (standard) or a variable slip between 0 % to 100 % (for research measurements).
The test tyre is dragged over a pre-wetted pavement under controlled load and constant speed
conditions. The measured values can be affected by the test speed.
This Technical Specification covers the operation of the Tatra Runway Tester (TRT).
The acronym Tatra Runway Tester (TRT) applies to a device, developed by Tatra Kopřivnice in the
Czech Republic to perform routine, continuous measurements of friction for long road sections or
punctual measurements at different speeds to characterise a particular section. It is not manufactured
under license.
A machine conforming to the general characteristics of the TRT and the specific provisions of this
Technical Specification may also be used for the tests.
The skid resistance of a pavement is determined by friction measurements and measurements of
pavement texture. Where measurement of pavement texture is required, the standard for this
measurement and the device is described in EN ISO 13473-1.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD
and 100 IRHD)
ISO 4662, Rubber – Determination of rebound resilience of vulcanizates
3 Fields of application
The TRT is used in the following fields of application:
network monitoring (Pavement Management);
approval of new surfacing;
investigation of surface skid resistance;
comparative measurements among different devices;
research measurements.
4
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4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
skid resistance
characterisation of the friction of a road surface when measured in accordance with a standardised
method
4.2
friction
resistance to relative motion between two bodies in contact, the frictional force being the force which
acts tangentially in the contact area
4.3
wet road skid resistance
property of a trafficked surface that limits relative movement between the surface and the part of a
vehicle tyre in contact with the surface, when lubricated with a film of water
NOTE Factors that contribute to skid resistance include the tyre pressure, contact area, tread pattern, and
rubber composition; the alignment, texture, surface contamination, and characteristics of the road surface; the
vehicle speed; and the weather conditions.
The skid resistance of a road surface in Europe varies seasonally. Generally, wet skid resistance is higher in
winter as a result of the effects of wet detritus and the effects of frost and wear by tyres on microtexture and
macrotexture. Wet skid resistance is lower in summer as a result of dry polishing by tyres in the presence of fine
detritus.
The change in skid resistance of a surface in service is affected by the volume of traffic and the composition of
the traffic, i.e. cars, buses, commercial vehicles of different sizes, as the tyres of these vehicles polish and/or
wear away the surfacing material in different ways. The geometry of the road will affect the change in skid
resistance. Generally, tyres polish less on straight roads than on bends.
Where the surface contains aggregate with a coating of binder, e.g. bitumen, resin or Portland cement, the skid
resistance will change as the coating is worn away by tyres.
4.4
bound surface
top layer or surface course of a road with the aggregates secured permanently in place
NOTE Aggregates are commonly secured in place by bitumen or Portland cement.
4.5
vertical force
load
force applied by the wheel assembly on the contact area
NOTE Some devices use an assumed load based on the static load.
4.6
horizontal force
drag
horizontal force acting tangentially on the test wheel in line with the direction of travel
4.7
slip ratio
quotient of the slip speed divided by the operating speed
4.8
operating speed
speed at which the device traverses the test surface
5
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4.9
slip speed
relative speed between the test tyre and the travelled surface in the contact area
4.10
fixed slip
condition in which a braking system forces the test wheel to roll at a fixed reduction of its operating
speed
4.11
fixed-slip friction
friction between a test tyre and a road surface when the wheel is controlled to move at a fixed
proportion of its natural speed
4.12
contact area
overall area of the road surface instantaneously in contact with a tyre
NOTE This term describes the overall area generally covered by the tyre. Due to the effects of surface
texture or any tyre tread pattern, not all of the tyre or road surface in the contact area can be in contact at any
instant.
4.13
longitudinal friction coefficient
LFC
ratio between horizontal force (drag) and vertical load (load) for a braked wheel in controlled
conditions, which is normally a decimal number quoted to two significant figures
NOTE LFC varies depending on the slip ratio of the device and the operational speed.
4.14
sampling length or sampling interval
distance over which responses of the sensors are sampled to determine a single measurement of the
recorded variables
NOTE 1 The sampling length depends upon the detailed operation of device and its recording system; a
number of samples may be combined to determine a measurement for a subsection.
NOTE 2 This should not be confused with horizontal resolution which is the shortest distance over which a
change in the measured parameter can be detected.
4.15
subsection
defined length of surface for which one set of the measured variables is reported by the device
NOTE Different devices may use different subsections depending on the context of the measurements, such
as 5 m, 10 m or 20 m.
4.16
test section
length of road between defined points (e.g. location references, specific features, or measured
distances) comprising a number of subsections over which a continuous sequence of measurements
is made
4.17
water delivery system
system for depositing a given amount of water in front of the test tyre so that it then
...
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