SIST EN ISO 16995:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
01-maj-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 15105:2011
7UGQDELRJRULYD'RORþHYDQMHYRGRWRSQHJDNORULGDQDWULMDLQNDOLMD,62

Solid biofuels - Determination of the water soluble content of chloride, sodium and
potassium (ISO 16995:2015)
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Bestimmung des wasserlöslichen Gehaltes an Chlorid, Natrium
und Kalium (ISO 16995:2015)
Biocombustibles solides - Méthodes de détermination de la teneur en chlorure, sodium et
potassium solubles dans l'eau (ISO 16995:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16995:2015
ICS:
27.190 Biološki viri in drugi Biological sources and
alternativni viri energije alternative sources of energy
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
SIST EN ISO 16995:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 16995

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2015
ICS 27.190; 75.160.10 Supersedes EN 15105:2011
English Version
Solid biofuels - Determination of the water soluble chloride,
sodium and potassium content (ISO 16995:2015)
Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la teneur en Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des wasserlöslichen
chlorure, sodium et potassium solubles dans l'eau (ISO Gehaltes an Chlorid, Natrium und Kalium (ISO 16995:2015)
16995:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16995:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
EN ISO 16995:2015 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
EN ISO 16995:2015 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 16995:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels”
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by August 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15105:2011.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16995:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16995:2015 without any modification.


3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16995
First edition
2015-02-15
Solid biofuels — Determination of the
water soluble chloride, sodium and
potassium content
Biocombustibles solides — Détermination de la teneur en chlorure,
sodium et potassium solubles dans l’eau
Reference number
ISO 16995:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
ISO 16995:2015(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
ISO 16995:2015(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Reagents . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Preparation of the test sample . 2
8 Procedure. 2
8.1 Extraction . 2
8.2 Detection methods . 3
8.2.1 General. 3
8.2.2 Methods for the determination of chloride concentration . 3
8.2.3 Methods for the determination of sodium and potassium concentration . 3
8.3 Blank test . 3
9 Calculation . 4
10 Performance characteristics . 4
11 Test report . 4
Annex A (informative) Performance data . 5
Bibliography . 7
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
ISO 16995:2015(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 16995:2015
ISO 16995:2015(E)

Introduction
The elements chlorine, sodium and potassium are present in solid biofuels. They can contribute
significantly to utilization problems such as corrosion, fouling and slagging in furnaces. Also, they affect
the gaseous emissions from the thermal processes.
The chlorine content in solid biofuels is mainly present as water soluble inorganic salts such as sodium
and potassium chlorides or other ion-exchangeable forms. Determination of the water soluble chloride
content is thus an alternative and simple method to achieve information of the level of chlorine in solid
biofuels. However, the content of water soluble chloride is not to be mistaken for the total content of
chlorine in the fuels.
In solid biofuels sodium and potassium can be present as both minerals and salts. The salts of these
elements are extractable with water and are readily volatile during thermal conversion. By determination
of the water soluble content of sodium and potassium, an estimate of the aggressive content of the
elements in relation to potential slagging and fouling problems can be achieved. For some biofuels, such
as straw, experience has shown that the water soluble content of sodiu
...