ISO 22987:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22987
First edition
Ships and marine technology —
Laboratory test method for skin
friction of antifouling paints by
rotating drum
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 22987:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO 22987:2020(E)

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© ISO 2020
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ISO 22987:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test instrumentation . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Dynamic ageing system . 2
4.3 Friction test system . 4
4.4 Motors. 5
4.5 Testing solution . 6
4.6 Torque sensor . 6
5 Drum specification . 6
5.1 Materials . 6
5.2 Dimension . 6
6 Preparation of the test specimen . 6
6.1 Paint sampling . 6
6.2 Paint application . 6
6.3 Drying and conditioning of test specimen . 6
6.4 Dry film thickness. 7
6.5 Sample quantity . 7
7 Test procedure . 7
7.1 Test principle . 7
7.2 Test procedure . 7
8 Calculation and expression of results . 8
8.1 Calculation of torque . 8
8.2 Determination of roughness. 8
8.3 Calculation of friction reduction rate . 8
9 Precision . 8
10 Test report . 9
Annex A (normative) Determination of paint surface roughness by stylus instrument .10
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ISO 22987:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
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iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,
Subcommittee SC 8, Ship design.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 22987:2020(E)

Introduction
Antifouling paints are widely used to prevent fouling of ships’ hulls by marine organisms. Effective
antifouling technologies are critical to minimise the skin friction of the hull and so maintain the
fuel consumption efficiency of ships. The evaluation of antifouling paints is generally undertaken by
adopting a tiered approach whereby paint manufacturers use a battery of laboratory tests, patch tests
and full vessel trials. Patch tests and full vessel trials are generally conducted over extended periods
of time and are predominantly relied upon for the prediction of coating performance when used
commercially.
This document deals with a laboratory test to characterize the skin friction of antifouling paints. It does
not necessarily represent the actual performance of antifouling paints on application to the ship hull.
Therefore, this document does not provide a validated test for predicting the ability of an antifouling
paint to minimize the skin friction of the hull.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22987:2020(E)
Ships and marine technology — Laboratory test method
for skin friction of antifouling paints by rotating drum
1 Scope
This document provides a laboratory test method to determine the skin-friction of antifouling paints
coated on drums.
The results of the laboratory-tested friction of painted drums over a certain period of time can be
used for screening of antifouling paints and characterizing changes in friction for different antifouling
paints, amongst other applications and other purposes depending on the user’s need.
This document is applicable to both biocidal-based and biocide-free antifouling paints.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes — Examination and preparation of test samples
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 3270, Paints and varnishes and their raw materials — Temperatures and humidities for conditioning
and testing
ISO 4287, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms, definitions
and surface texture parameters
ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture
ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling
ASTMD1141 Standard practice for the preparation of substitute ocean water
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
antifouling paint
underwater paint/coating that is applied as a top layer coating on the hull to control or prevent
attachment of unwanted organisms
3.2
test cycle
complete set of stages of the test process, carried out in a series of specified test sequences (3.9)
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ISO 22987:2020(E)

3.3
drum
cylindrical object onto which the test paints are applied
3.4
dynamic ageing system
system where tested specimens (3.10) are immersed in a testing solution (3.7) for a certain period of
time for ageing of antifouling paints (3.1) before conducting tests using the friction test system (3.6)
3.5
friction of antifouling paint
skin-friction of an antifouling paint (3.1) against a testing solution (3.7)
Note 1 to entry: In this document, the friction of antifouling paint is represented by torque.
3.6
friction test system
system wher
...