ISO 24415-2:2011
(Main)Tips for assistive products for walking - Requirements and test methods - Part 2: Durability of tips for crutches
Tips for assistive products for walking - Requirements and test methods - Part 2: Durability of tips for crutches
ISO 24415-2:2011 specifies requirements and test methods for the durability of tips for crutches. ISO 24415-2:2011 is not applicable to tips manufactured for special purposes e.g. walking on ice and snow. The requirements and test method are based on tips being used with an ordinary gait on dry and flat walking surfaces.
Embouts pour produits d'assistance à la marche — Exigences et méthodes d'essai — Partie 2: Durabilité des embouts de béquilles
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 02-Aug-2011
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 173 - Assistive products
- Drafting Committee
- ISO/TC 173 - Assistive products
- Current Stage
- 9093 - International Standard confirmed
- Start Date
- 15-Mar-2022
- Completion Date
- 13-Dec-2025
Overview
ISO 24415-2:2011 is an international standard developed by ISO that defines requirements and test methods for the durability of tips for crutches, a crucial component of assistive products for walking. This standard focuses on ensuring the safety, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of crutch tips under typical usage conditions on dry, flat surfaces. It excludes tips designed for special environments such as ice or snow. By providing a consistent framework to assess durability, ISO 24415-2:2011 helps manufacturers, distributors, and healthcare providers evaluate whether crutch tips meet necessary performance standards for everyday use.
Key Topics
Durability Testing Requirements
The standard specifies detailed criteria for evaluating the condition of crutch tips after testing. Tips must show no visible tears, no exposure of inner parts, and must remain properly fixed throughout the test.Test Methods
ISO 24415-2 outlines a rigorous test procedure that simulates the dynamic loading and motion of crutch tips during normal walking gait.
Key test components include:- A test device with a loading rod, actuator, and motion control that applies a dynamic axial load up to 500 N.
- A test track made of concrete with specific frictional characteristics (greater than 80 BPN based on EN 13036-4).
- A loading force mechanism that replicates the pressure and tilt variations experienced by tips during walking.
- A motion control system to apply tilt angles between -20° and +20°.
The test cycles are repeated 500,000 times at a frequency below 0.8 Hz to simulate extended use.
Test Environment
Testing must be conducted at a stable temperature of 23±2 °C with pre-test preparation including cleaning and conditioning of the tips.Test Reporting
The standard mandates thorough documentation, including manufacturer and supplier information, classification codes, physical characteristics of the tips pre- and post-test, photographs, test conditions, and confirmation of compliance with durability requirements.
Applications
ISO 24415-2:2011 applies specifically to the evaluation of tips used on elbow crutches, forearm support crutches, and axillary crutches as classified in ISO 9999. It ensures that the tips are durable enough for everyday walking on regular surfaces, thereby enhancing user safety and product longevity. This standard is essential for:
- Assistive device manufacturers seeking to validate product durability and quality.
- Product testing laboratories conducting standardized durability assessments.
- Healthcare providers and distributors evaluating the suitability of crutch tips for patient use.
- Regulatory bodies setting safety and quality benchmarks for mobility aids.
This focus on durability helps reduce the risk of accidents caused by worn or damaged tips, contributing to improved user confidence and reducing the frequency of replacements, which impacts cost-effectiveness over time.
Related Standards
ISO 24415-1:2011 – Tips for assistive products for walking - Part 1: Friction of tips
Complements Part 2 by setting requirements and test methods related to the slip resistance of tips to enhance safety.ISO 9999 – Assistive products for persons with disability - Classification and terminology
Provides classification codes that are referenced in ISO 24415-2 to define the types of crutches covered.EN 13036-4 – Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 4: Measurement of slip/skid resistance
Defines the friction measurement method applied to the test track surface in ISO 24415-2 durability tests.
Summary
ISO 24415-2:2011 plays a pivotal role in ensuring that crutch tips for assistive walking devices exhibit the necessary durability to withstand repeated dynamic loading during daily use. By standardizing test methods and durability requirements, it supports the production of safer, reliable, and cost-effective assistive products. Compliance with this standard aids manufacturers and healthcare professionals in maintaining high safety standards and enhancing user trust in mobility assistance devices.
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 24415-2:2011 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Tips for assistive products for walking - Requirements and test methods - Part 2: Durability of tips for crutches". This standard covers: ISO 24415-2:2011 specifies requirements and test methods for the durability of tips for crutches. ISO 24415-2:2011 is not applicable to tips manufactured for special purposes e.g. walking on ice and snow. The requirements and test method are based on tips being used with an ordinary gait on dry and flat walking surfaces.
ISO 24415-2:2011 specifies requirements and test methods for the durability of tips for crutches. ISO 24415-2:2011 is not applicable to tips manufactured for special purposes e.g. walking on ice and snow. The requirements and test method are based on tips being used with an ordinary gait on dry and flat walking surfaces.
ISO 24415-2:2011 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 11.180.10 - Aids and adaptation for moving. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
You can purchase ISO 24415-2:2011 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24415-2
First edition
2011-08-15
Tips for assistive products for walking —
Requirements and test methods —
Part 2:
Durability of tips for crutches
Embouts pour produits d’assistance à la marche — Exigences et
méthodes d’essai —
Partie 2: Durabilité des embouts de béquilles
Reference number
ISO 24415-2:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
© ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 24415-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability.
ISO 24415 consists of the following parts, under the general title Tips for assistive products for walking —
Requirements and test methods:
— Part 1: Friction of tips
— Part 2: Durability of tips for crutches
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii
Introduction
The characteristics of tips attached to the bottom of assistive products for walking are essential to ensuring
user safety. The tips are continuously and repeatedly subjected to load and friction while walking; durability
against this repeated load is important both for safety and for cost effectiveness.
Tips are used on many different assistive products for walking, including canes, walking sticks, crutches,
walking frames, rollators, and walking tables. They are produced in many different sizes and are made of many
different materials, depending on the sort of assistive products for walking to which they are applied. A variety
of bottom shapes are available on the market for the many kinds of assistive products for walking.
Generally, durability of rubber is estimated based on a wearing resistance test using test pieces rather than
finished goods. However, tips for assistive products for walking are used in several different ways, therefore it
is favourable to perform the test on manufactured tips (not manufactured test pieces) to obtain realistic data.
For example, tips for crutches can endure less abrasion, because the load on tips for crutches is higher than
that on tips for other assistive products for walking.
This part of ISO 24415 specifies requirements and test methods for durability of tips for crutches to enable developers,
manufacturers, distributors, and health care providers to determine whether tips have the necessary durability.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24415-2:2011(E)
Tips for assistive products for walking — Requirements and
test methods —
Part 2:
Durability of tips for crutches
1 Scope
This part of ISO 24415 specifies requirements and test methods for the durability of tips for crutches, and is
not applicable to tips manufactured for special purposes. The requirements and test method are based on tips
being used with an ordinary gait on dry and flat walking surfaces.
Crutches include elbow crutches, forearm support crutches, and axillary crutches, as described in ISO 9999.
NOTE Special purposes might include walking on ice and/or snow.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 9999, Assistive products for persons with disability — Classification and terminology
EN 13036-4, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 4: Method for measurement of
slip/skid resistance of a surface — The pendulum test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
tip
that part of the crutch which is in contact with ground
NOTE See Figure 1.
3.2
test track
surface against which the tip is to be tested
3.3
actuator
mechanism to
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