ISO 22762-1:2018

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22762-1
Third edition
2018-10
Elastomeric seismic-protection
isolators —
Part 1:
Test methods
Appareils d'appuis structuraux en élastomère pour protection
sismique —
Partie 1: Méthodes d'essai
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and cross-section of isolator . 4
4.1 Symbols . 4
4.2 Cross-section of isolator . 7
5 Rubber material tests . 9
5.1 Test items . 9
5.2 Test conditions and test pieces . 9
5.3 Tensile properties . 9
5.4 Ageing test .10
5.4.1 Ageing properties of inner rubber .10
5.4.2 Ageing properties of cover rubber .10
5.5 Hardness .10
5.6 Adhesion .10
5.7 Compression set . .10
5.8 Dynamic shear properties .10
5.8.1 General.10
5.8.2 Test equipment .11
5.8.3 Test pieces .11
5.8.4 Test conditions.12
5.8.5 Test results .12
5.9 Fracture properties .13
5.10 Brittleness point .13
5.11 Ozone resistance.13
5.12 Low-temperature crystallization .13
6 Isolator tests .14
6.1 General .14
6.2 Compression and shear stiffness tests .14
6.2.1 Compression properties .14
6.2.2 Compressive-shear test .21
6.3 Various dependence tests .27
6.3.1 Strain dependence of shear properties .27
6.3.2 Compressive force dependence of shear properties .28
6.3.3 Frequency dependence of shear properties.30
6.3.4 Repeated deformation dependence of shear properties .32
6.3.5 Temperature dependence of shear properties .34
6.3.6 Dependence of compression properties on shear strain .36
6.3.7 Dependence of compressive stiffness on compressive stress range .37
6.4 Ultimate shear properties .39
6.4.1 Principle .39
6.4.2 Test machine .39
6.4.3 Test piece .39
6.4.4 Test conditions.39
6.4.5 Procedure .40
6.4.6 Expression of results .40
6.4.7 Test report .41
6.5 Tensile testing .41
6.5.1 Principle .41
6.5.2 Test machine .42
6.5.3 Test piece .42
6.5.4 Test conditions.42
6.5.5 Procedure .42
6.5.6 Expression of results .43
6.5.7 Test report .44
6.6 Durability testing .44
6.6.1 Degradation test .44
6.6.2 Creep test . .46
6.6.3 Fatigue test .50
6.7 Reaction force due to low-rate deformation .52
6.7.1 Principle .52
6.7.2 Test machine .52
6.7.3 Test piece .53
6.7.4 Test conditions.53
6.7.5 Procedure .53
6.7.6 Expression of result .54
6.7.7 Test report .54
Annex A (normative) Determination of accelerated ageing conditions equivalent to
expected life at standard laboratory temperature (23 °C or 27 °C) .55
Annex B (normative) Inertia force correction .59
Annex C (normative) Friction force correction .61
Annex D (normative) Determination of coefficient linear thermal expansion .64
Annex E (informative) Alternative methods of determining shear properties .66
Annex F (informative) Creep test.68
Annex G (informative) Determination of reaction force due to low-rate deformation .70
Annex H (informative) Durability investigation of elastomeric isolators used for 10 years in
a bridge .73
Annex I (informative) Durability investigation of elastomeric isolators used for seven years
in a building .75
Bibliography .79
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products,
Subcommittee SC 4, Products (other than hoses).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 22762-1:2010), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the definitions of some symbols in Clause 4 have been changed;
— the number of test pieces and the thickness of the metal plates have been added in 5.8.3;
— alleviation of the restriction on the upper value of the ageing temperature in 6.6.1.4.
A list of all parts in the ISO 22762 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
Introduction
ISO 22762 series includes two parts related to specifications for isolators, i.e. ISO 22762-2 for bridges
and ISO 22762-3 for buildings. This is because the isolator requirements for bridges and for buildings
are quite different, although the basic concept of the two products is similar. Therefore, ISO 22762-2
and the relevant clauses in this document are used when ISO 22762 (all parts) is applied to the design
of bridge isolators, whereas ISO 22762-3 and the relevant clauses of this document are used when it is
applied to building isolators.
The main differences to be noted between isolators for bridges and isolators for buildings are the
following.
a) Isolators for bridges are mainly rectangular in shape and those for buildings are circular in shape.
b) Isolators for bridges are designed to be used for both rotation and horizontal displacement, while
isolators for buildings are designed for horizontal displacement only.
c) Isolators for bridges are designed to perform on a daily basis to accommodate length changes of
bridges caused by temperature changes as well as during earthquakes, while isolators for buildings
are designed to perform only during earthquakes.
d) Isolators for bridges are designed to withstand dynamic loads caused by vehicles on a daily basis as
well as earthquakes, while isolators for buildings are mainly designed to withstand dynamic loads
caused by earthquakes only.
For structures other than buildings and bridges (e.g. tanks), the structural engineer uses either
ISO 22762-2 or ISO 22762-3, depending on the requirements of the structure.
vi © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22762-1:2018(E)
Elastomeric seismic-protection isolators —
Part 1:
Test methods
1 Scope
This document specifies the test methods for determination of
a) the properties of the rubber material used to manufacture the elastomeric seismic isolators, and
b) the characteristics of elastomeric seismic isolators.
It is applicable to elastomeric seismic isolators used to provide buildings or bridges with protection
from earthquake damage. The isolators covered consist of alternate elastomeric layers and reinforcing
steel plates which are placed between a superstructure and its substructure to provide both flexibility
for decoupling structural systems from ground motion, and damping capability to reduce displacement
at the isolation interface and the transmission of energy from the ground into the structure at the
isolation frequency.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 37, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and
100 IRHD)
ISO 188, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 812, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of low-temperature brittleness
ISO 813, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of adhesion to a rigid substrate — 90
degree peel method
ISO 815-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 1: At ambient
or elevated temperatures
ISO 815-2, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 2: At low
temperatures
ISO 1431-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Resistance to ozone cracking — Part 1: Static and
dynamic strain testing
ISO 1827, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of shear modulus and adhesion to rigid
plates — Quadruple-shear methods
ISO 3387, Rubber — Determination of crystallization effects by hardness measurements
ISO 4664-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of dynamic properties — Part 1: General
guidance
ISO 7500-1:2018, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines —
Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 7619-2, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of indentation hardness — Part 2: IRHD
pocket meter method
ISO 22762-2, Elastomeric seismic-protection isolators — Part 2: Applications for bridges — Specifications
ISO 22762-3, Elastomeric seismic-protection isolators — Part 3: Applications for buildings — Specifications
ISO 23529, Rubber — General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http: //www .iso .org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
breaking
rupture of elastomeric isolator (3.9) due to compression- (or tension-) shear loading
3.2
buckling
state when elastomeric isolators (3.9) lose their stability under compression-shear loading
3.3
compressive stiffness
K
v
compressive stiffness for all types of rubber bearings
3.4
compression-shear testing machine
machine used to test elastomeric isolators (3.9), which has the capability of shear loading under constant
compressive load
3.5
cover rubber
rubber wrapped around the outside of inner rubber and reinforcing steel plates before or after curing
of elastomeric isolators (3.9) for the purposes of protecting the inner rubber from deterioration due to
oxygen, ozone and other natural elements and protecting the reinforcing plates from corrosion
3.6
design compressive stress
long-term compressive force on the elastomeric isolator (3.9) imposed by the structure
3.7
effective loaded area
area sustaining vertical load in elastomeric isolators (3.9), which corresponds to the area of reinforcing
steel plates
3.8
effective width
the smaller of the two side lengths of inner rubber to which direction
shear displacement is not restricted
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

3.9
elastomeric isolator
rubber bearing, for seismic isolation of buildings, bridges and other structures, which consists of multi-
layered vulcanized rubber sheets and reinforcing steel plates
EXAMPLE High-damping rubber bearings, linear natural rubber bearings and lead rubber bearings.
3.10
first shape factor
ratio of effective loaded area to free deformation area of one inner rubber layer between steel plates
3.11
high-damping rubber bearing
HDR
elastomeric isolator (3.9) with relatively high damping properties obtained by special compounding of
the rubber and the use of additives
3.12
inner rubber
rubber between multi-layered steel plates inside an elastomeric isolator (3.9)
3.13
lead rubber bearing
LRB
elastomeric isolator (3.9) whose inner rubber (3.12) with a lead plug or lead plugs press fitted into a hole
or holes of the isolator body to achieve damping properties
3.14
linear natural rubber bearing
LNR
elastomeric isolator (3.9) with linear shear force-deflection characteristics and relatively low damping
properties, fabricated using natural rubber
Note 1 to entry: Any bearing with relatively low damping can be treated as an LNR bearing for the purposes of
isolator testing.
3.15
maximum compressive stress
peak stress acting briefly on elastomeric isolators (3.9) in compressive direction during an earthquake
3.16
nominal compressive stress
long-term stress acting on elastomeric isolators (3.9) in compressive direction as recommended by the
manufacturer for the isolator, including the safety margin
3.17
post-yield stiffness
shear stiffness of LRB
3.18
roll-out
instability of an isolator with either dowelled or recessed connection under shear displacement
3.19
routine test
test for quality control of the production isolators during and after manufacturing
3.20
second shape factor
ratio of the diameter of the inner rubber to the total thickness of the
inner rubber
3.21
second shape factor
ratio of the effective width of the inner rubber to the total
thickness of the inner rubber
3.22
shear properties
comprehensive term that covers characteristics determined from isolator tests:
— shear stiffness, K , for LNR;
h
— shear stiffness, K , and equivalent damping ratio, h , for HDR and LRB;
h eq
— post-yield stiffness, K , and characteristic strength, Q , for LRB
d d
3.23
shear stiffness
shear stiffness of LNR and HDR
3.24
structural engineer
engineer who is in charge of designing the structure for base-isolated bridges or buildings and is
responsible for specifying the requirements for elastomeric isolators (3.9)
3.25
property
property at either buckling, breaking, or roll-out of an isolator under compression-shear loading
4 Symbols and cross-section of isolator
4.1 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and descriptions
Symbol Description
A effective plan area; plan area of elastomeric isolator, excluding cover rubber portion
A effective area of bolt
b
A overlap area between the top and bottom elastomer area of isolator
e
A load-free area of isolator
free
A loaded area of isolator
load
A area of the lead plug for a lead rubber bearing
p
a side length of square elastomeric isolator, excluding cover rubber thickness, or length in longitudinal
direction of rectangular isolator, excluding cover rubber thickness
a length of the shorter side of the rectangular isolator, including cover rubber thickness
e
a′ length in longitudinal direction of the rectangular isolator, including cover rubber thickness
B effective width for bending of flange
b length in transverse direction of the rectangular isolator, excluding cover rubber thickness
b′ length in transverse direction of the rectangular isolator, including cover rubber thickness
c distance from centre of bolt hole to effective flange section
D′ outer diameter of circular isolator, including cover rubber
D diameter of flange
f
d inner diameter of reinforcing steel plate
i
4 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Table 1 (continued)
Symbol Description
d diameter of bolt hole
k
d outer diameter of reinforcing steel plate
E apparent Young's modulus of bonded rubber layer
ap
E apparent Young's modulus corrected, if necessary, by allowing for compressibility
c
s
E apparent Young's modulus corrected for bulk compressibility depending on its shape factor (S )
c 1
E bulk modulus of rubber
∞
E Young's modulus of rubber
F tensile force on isolator by uplift
u
G shear modulus
G (γ) equivalent linear shear modulus at shear strain
eq
H height of elastomeric isolator, including mounting flange
H height of elastomeric isolator, excluding mounting flange
n
h equivalent damping ratio
eq
h (γ) equivalent damping ratio as a function of shear strain
eq
K post-yield stiffness (tangential stiffness after yielding of lead plug) of lead rubber bearing
d
K shear stiffness
h
K initial shear stiffness
i
K shear stiffness of lead plug inserted in lead rubber bearing
p
K shear stiffness of lead rubber bearing before inserting lead plug
r
K tangential shear stiffness
t
K compressive stiffness
v
L length of one side of a rectangular flange
f
M resistance to rotation
M moment acting on bolt
f
M moment acting on isolator
r
n number of rubber layers
n number of fixing bolts
b
P compressive force
P design compressive force in absence of seismic action effects
P maximum compressive force including seismic action effects
max
P minimum compressive force including seismic actions effects
min
Q shear force
Q shear force at break
b
Q shear force at buckling
buk
Q characteristic strength
d
S first shape factor
S second shape factor
T Temperature
T minimum temperature
L
T standard temperature, 23 °C or 27 °C
where specified tolerance is ± 2 °C, it is standard laboratory temperature
T total rubber thickness, given by T = n × t
r r r
t thickness of one rubber layer
r
t , t thickness of rubber layer laminated on each side of plate
r1 r2
Table 1 (continued)
Symbol Description
t thickness of one reinforcing steel plate
s
t thickness of outside cover rubber
U(γ) function giving ratio of characteristic strength to maximum shear force of a loop
V uplift force
v loading velocity
W energy dissipated per cycle
d
X shear displacement
X design shear displacement
X shear displacement at break
b
X shear displacement at buckling
buk
X shear displacement due to quasi-static shear movement
s
X maximum shear displacement
max
X shear displacement due to dynamic shear movement
d
Y compressive displacement
Z section modulus of flange
α coefficient of linear thermal expansion
γ shear strain
γ design shear strain
γ upper limit of the total of design strains on elastomeric isolators
a
γ shear strain at break
b
γ local shear strain due to compressive force
c
γ shear strain due to dynamic shear movement
d
γ maximum design shear strain during earthquake
max
γ local shear strain due to rotation
r
γ shear strain due to quasi-static shear movement
s
γ ultimate shear strain
u
δ horizontal offset of isolator
H
δ difference in isolator height measured between two points at opposite extremes of the isolator
v
ε compressive strain of rubber
ε creep strain
cr
ε tensile strain of isolator
T
ε tensile-break strain of isolator
Tb
ε tensile-yield strain of isolator
Ty
ζ ratio of total height of rubber and steel layers to total rubber height
θ rotation angle of isolator about the diameter of a circular bearing or about an axis through a rectan-
gular bearing
θ rotation angle of isolator in the longitudinal direction (a)
a
θ rotation angle of isolator in the transverse direction (b)
b
λ correction factor for calculation of stress in reinforcing steel plates
η correction factor for calculation of critical stress
κ correction factor for apparent Young's modulus according to hardness
Σγ total local shear strain
σ compressive stress in isolator
σ design compressive stress
6 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Table 1 (continued)
Symbol Description
σ tensile stress in bolt
B
σ bending stress in flange
b
σ allowable bending stress in steel
bf
σ critical stress in isolator
cr
σ allowable tensile stress in steel
f
σ maximum design compressive stress
max
σ minimum design compressive stress
min
σ for building: nominal compressive stress recommended by manufacturer
nom
σ tensile stress in reinforcing steel plate
s
σ allowable tensile stress in steel plate
sa
σ yield stress of steel for flanges and reinforcing steel plates
sy
σ tensile strength of steel for flanges and reinforcing steel plates
su
σ tensile stress
t
σ allowable tensile stress in isolator
te
τ shear stress in bolt
B
τ allowable shear stress in steel
f
ϕ factor for computation of buckling stability
ξ factor for computation of critical stress
4.2 Cross-section of isolator
A typical cross-section of the isolator is given in Figure 1.
a) Circular type b) Rectangular type
Key
1 lead plug
2 cover rubber added after isolator cured
3 cover rubber cured with insulator
NOTE The left-hand side of the figure shows LNR and HDR, the right hand side shows LRB.
Figure 1 — Cross-section of isolator
8 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

5 Rubber material tests
5.1 Test items
In order to ensure the required quality of elastomeric isolators, it is necessary to specify the physical
properties of the rubber materials and the adhesion between the rubber and the steel plates. The basic
properties of rubber materials related to performance of elastomeric isolators are shown as test items
in Table 2.
Table 2 — Test items of rubber materials
Related International
Property Test item
Standard
Tensile properties Tensile strength ISO 37
Elongation at break
100 % modulus
Ageing properties Tensile strength ISO 188
Elongation at break ISO 37
100 % modulus
Hardness Hardness ISO 48
ISO 7619-2
Adhesion 90° peel strength between metal and rubber ISO 813
Classification of fracture mode
Compression set Compression set ISO 815-1
ISO 815-2
Shear properties Shear modulus ISO 4664-1
Equivalent damping ratio
Temperature dependence of shear modulus and equiva-
lent damping ratio
Repeated deformation dependence of shear modulus
and equivalent damping ratio
Fracture strength ISO 1827
Fracture strain
Brittleness point Brittleness temperature ISO 812
Ozone resistance Inspection of deterioration ISO 1431-1
(static strain test)
Low-temperature crystal- Hardness ISO 3387
lization
5.2 Test conditions and test pieces
The temperature and humidity in the laboratory, the preparation of test pieces, and methods for
measuring thickness and width, etc., shall be in accordance with ISO 23529.
Moulded test pieces shall be used. They shall be cured to have properties as similar as practicable to the
rubber in the bulk of the isolator.
5.3 Tensile properties
The tensile test should be carried out by the method specified in ISO 37. However, the test piece specified
in Table 3 can be used as an alternative.
Table 3 — Test piece dimensions
Dimensions in millimetres
Width of parallel- Length of parallel- Thickness of parallel- Distance between
sided section sided section sided section marked lines
5 ± 0,1 20 2,0 ± 0,2 20
5.4 Ageing test
5.4.1 Ageing properties of inner rubber
5.4.1.1 Anaerobic ageing
A set of ageing tests shall be performed on the inner rubber under anaerobic conditions, as described in
Annex A. The properties monitored shall be either 100 % shear modulus and shear failure strain or the
tensile properties — 100 % modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. From the results of these
tests, the activation energy is obtained based on the method specified in Annex A. Ageing conditions
equivalent to the expected lifetime (60 years or the period specified by the structural engineer) at 23 °C
or 27 °C shall be determined from this activation energy. An ageing test shall then be performed for the
properties monitored under conditions equivalent to the expected lifetime.
5.4.1.2 Air ageing
An ageing test shall be performed on the inner rubber in accordance with the method specified in
ISO 188, monitoring the tensile strength and elongation at break. The test time and temperature shall
be as specified in ISO 22762-2 or ISO 22762-3.
5.4.2 Ageing properties of cover rubber
An ageing test shall be performed on the cover rubber in accordance with the method specified in
ISO 188, monitoring the tensile strength and elongation at break. The test time and temperature shall
be as specified in ISO 22762-2 or ISO 22762-3.
5.5 Hardness
Hardness shall be measured in accordance with the method specified in ISO 48 or ISO 7619-2.
5.6 Adhesion
An adhesion test shall be carried out as specified in ISO 813.
5.7 Compression set
Compression set shall be determined in accordance with the method specified in ISO 815-1 and
ISO 815-2. The test piece shall be either a large-type or small-type cylindrical disc. Test conditions and
requirements shall be as specified in ISO 22762-2 or ISO 22762-3.
5.8 Dynamic shear properties
5.8.1 General
These tests shall be carried out as specified in ISO 4664-1, except for the test piece and analysis of
test results, in order to investigate the temperature, frequency, strain and repeated deformation
dependence of the shear modulus and equivalent damping ratio of rubber materials.
10 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

5.8.2 Test equipment
An apparatus, as described in ISO 4664-1, which can measure vibration frequencies higher than 0,2 Hz
and shear strain amplitudes up to 400 % shall be used.
5.8.3 Test pieces
The shape and dimensions of the test pieces are different from those specified in ISO 4664-1. Use either
of the test pieces specified below. Each test shall be performed on a previously unused test piece except
when indicated otherwise. The number of test pieces shall be three or more.
a) Two-block lap shear type
As shown in Figure 2, this test piece consists of two rubber blocks bonded to three plates of metal.
The size of one rubber block shall be 3,0 mm to 6,0 mm thick, 25 mm to 30 mm wide, and 25 mm to
30 mm long for a square pillar, or 3,0 mm to 6,0 mm thick and 25 mm to 30 mm in diameter for a
cylindrical disc. The thickness of the plates shall be 5 mm or more.
Key
1 rubber
2 metal plate
Figure 2 — Two-block lap shear type
b) Four-block lap shear type
As shown in Figure 3, this test piece consists of four rubber blocks bonded to four plates of metal.
The size of one rubber block shall be 3,0 mm to 6,0 mm thick, 25 mm to 30 mm wide, and 25 mm to
30 mm long for a square pillar, or 3,0 mm to 6,0 mm thick and 25 mm to 30 mm in diameter for a
cylindrical disc. The thickness of the plates shall be 5 mm or more.
Key
1 rubber
2 metal plate
Figure 3 — Four-block lap shear type
5.8.4 Test conditions
5.8.4.1 Test temperature
Test temperatures shall at least cover the range of service requirements. The values given in Table 4 shall
be included if they are within the service range. As a minimum requirement, tests shall be performed at
one frequency (0,2 Hz, 0,3 Hz or 0,5 Hz or the isolation frequency) and at one strain amplitude (100 %,
175 % or the design shear strain). Tests at more than one temperature may be carried out using one test
piece, provided the tests are at one frequency and one strain amplitude, and that they are conducted in
order of decreasing temperature. The tolerance shall be ± 2 °C for all temperatures.
Table 4 — Test temperatures
Test temperature
−20 −10 0 23 or 27 40
°C
5.8.4.2 Frequency
The test frequencies shall be one of the sets given in Table 5, except that the isolation frequency, if
known, may replace the one closest to it in the table. If the dynamic property tests of the isolators are
performed at a lower frequency, this test shall also be carried out at that same frequency. As a minimum
requirement, tests shall be performed at 23 °C or 27 °C and at one strain amplitude (100 %, 175 % or
the design shear strain).
Tests at more than one frequency may be carried out using one test piece, provided the tests are at one
temperature and one strain amplitude, and they are conducted in order of increasing frequency.
Table 5 — Vibration frequencies
Vibration frequency Set 1 0,05 0,2 1,0
Hz Set 2 0,05 0,3 1,5
Set 3 0,1 0,5 2,0
5.8.4.3 Shear strain
The shear strains shall be selected from Table 6. The shear strains shown in Table 6 differ from those
specified in ISO 4664-1. It is recommended that the four ranges 5 %, 10 %, 50 %, and 100 % be selected
from them. The test strains shall range from 5 % to at least 1,5 times the design shear strain. As a
minimum requirement, tests shall be performed at one frequency (0,2 Hz, 0,3 Hz, 0,5 Hz or the isolation
frequency) and at 23 °C or 27 °C. One test piece may be used to cover a range of strains, provided the
strain intervals are at least 50 % or a factor of 2, whichever is the lower; the tests are at one temperature
and one frequency and they are carried out in order of increasing strain.
Table 6 — Shear strains
Shear strain
±5 ±10 ±25 ±50 ±75 ±100 ±150 ±175 ±200 ±250 ±300 ±350 ±400
%
5.8.4.4 Number of cycles
The number of loading cycles shall be either 3 cycles or 11 cycles, and should be consistent with that of
the isolator tests.
5.8.5 Test results
The shear modulus and equivalent damping ratio shall be reported using the method specified in
6.2.2.6.
12 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

5.9 Fracture properties
A failure test shall be carried out as specified in ISO 1827. However, test pieces as specified in 5.8.3 shall
be used.
5.10 Brittleness point
A brittleness temperature test shall be carried out as specified in ISO 812.
5.11 Ozone resistance
An ozone resistance test shall be carried out as specified in ISO 1431-1 (static strain test).
5.12 Low-temperature crystallization
For elastomers susceptible to low-temperature crystallization (e.g. those compounds based on
natural rubber, chloroprene rubber and certain types of ethylene propylene), the resistance to this
phenomenon shall be checked by measuring the change in the hardness at low temperature, if the
service temperature falls within the range where crystallization can occur. Natural rubber shall be
checked if the minimum service temperature, T , is < 0 °C, and chloroprene rubber, if the minimum
L
service temperature, T , is < 5 °C.
L
The test shall be conducted in ac
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