ISO 17422:2018
(Main)Plastics - Environmental aspects - General guidelines for their inclusion in standards
Plastics - Environmental aspects - General guidelines for their inclusion in standards
This document provides a structure for inclusion of environmental aspects in standards for plastics products. It proposes an approach which is directed at minimizing any adverse environmental impact without detracting from the primary purpose of ensuring adequate fitness for use of the products under consideration. The guidance provided by this document is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and above its primary purpose, however, this document provides guidance of value to those involved in design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered. NOTE This document is intended to promote the following practices: a) the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects; b) the adoption of good practices such as: 1) procedures for pollution avoidance, e.g. through end-of-life options and its proper management; 2) material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product; 3) safe use of hazardous substances; 4) avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices; 5) promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on chemical composition criteria; 6) use of renewable resources and minimization of the use of non-renewable resources, if the life cycle assessment shows favourable; c) the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact, product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements; d) the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes; e) the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.
Matières plastiques — Aspects liés à l'environnement — Lignes directrices générales pour leur prise en compte dans les normes
Le présent document définit une structure pour l'inclusion des aspects environnementaux dans les normes relatives aux produits plastiques. Il propose une approche visant à permettre une réduction de leur impact négatif sur l'environnement sans compromettre leur objectif premier qui est d'assurer une aptitude à l'emploi adéquate des produits en question. Les lignes directrices contenues dans le présent document sont essentiellement destinées aux rédacteurs de normes. Toutefois, outre son objectif premier, le présent document sera utile aussi à ceux qui participent aux travaux de conception et autres activités où les aspects environnementaux des plastiques sont abordés. NOTE Le présent document est destiné à promouvoir les pratiques suivantes: a) l'utilisation de techniques permettant d'identifier et d'évaluer l'impact environnemental des dispositions techniques spécifiées dans les normes ainsi que de réduire au minimum leurs effets néfastes; b) l'adoption de bonnes pratiques telles que: 1) des modes opératoires pour la prévention de la pollution, par exemple des options de fin de vie et leur gestion adaptée; 2) la conservation de la matière et de l'énergie en tenant compte de l'utilisation prévue (et de la mauvaise utilisation prévisible) du produit; 3) l'utilisation en toute sécurité des substances dangereuses; 4) l'élimination de pratiques restrictives techniquement injustifiables; 5) le recours à des critères de performance plutôt qu'à des clauses d'exclusion qui seraient, par exemple, basées uniquement sur des critères de composition chimique; 6) l'utilisation de ressources renouvelables et le recours minimal aux ressources non renouvelables, si l'analyse du cycle de vie y est favorable; c) l'adoption d'une approche équilibrée lors de l'élaboration des normes face à des questions telles que l'impact environnemental, la fonction et la performance du produit, l'hygiène et la sécurité et d'autres exigences réglementaires; d) la révision et le réexamen réguliers des normes existantes à la lumière des innovations techniques permettant d'améliorer l'impact environnemental des produits et processus; e) l'application d'approches analytiques du cycle de vie chaque fois qu'elles peuvent être appliquées et qu'elles sont techniquement justifiées.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 09-Jul-2018
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 61/SC 14 - Environmental aspects
- Drafting Committee
- ISO/TC 61/SC 14/WG 1 - Terminology, classifications and general guidance
- Current Stage
- 9093 - International Standard confirmed
- Start Date
- 11-Oct-2023
- Completion Date
- 13-Dec-2025
Relations
- Effective Date
- 04-Nov-2015
Overview
ISO 17422:2018 - Plastics - Environmental aspects - General guidelines for their inclusion in standards provides a structured approach for incorporating environmental aspects into standards for plastics products. Primarily aimed at standards writers, it also offers practical guidance for designers, manufacturers, regulators and environmental managers. The document promotes minimizing adverse environmental impact while preserving product fitness for use, and encourages use of life cycle thinking and renewable resources where appropriate.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and purpose: Guidance on adding environmental provisions to both test method standards and product standards without compromising performance.
- Life cycle approach: Recommends application of life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle inventory (LCI) concepts wherever technically justifiable to evaluate environmental impacts.
- Test method standards:
- Minimize environmental footprint of tests (materials, energy, emissions) while maintaining reproducibility and fitness for purpose.
- Combine/choose similar test methods to avoid unnecessary testing.
- Include relevant safety and environmental information (e.g., safety data sheets) for substances of concern.
- Product standards:
- Balance product functionality and environmental performance; avoid overly restrictive composition-only exclusion clauses.
- Promote performance criteria and preventive, verifiable environmental measures.
- Consider end-of-life management, mechanical recycling and energy recovery options where applicable.
- Good practice recommendations:
- Pollution avoidance, material and energy conservation, safe handling of hazardous substances.
- Prefer renewable resources and minimize non‑renewable use when LCA shows net benefit.
- Regular review and revision of standards to reflect technical innovation.
- Coordination and clarity: Encourage cross‑committee coordination and clear, verifiable environmental provisions and verification methods.
Practical applications - who uses it
- Standards writers and technical committees: Use ISO 17422 to draft or revise plastics standards that include environmental provisions.
- Design engineers and product developers: Apply guidance when selecting materials, specifying recyclability, and documenting end‑of‑life options.
- Manufacturers and test labs: Optimize test procedures to reduce material/energy use and follow safety/environmental clauses.
- Regulators, certification bodies and sustainability teams: Reference the guideline when assessing environmental claims, conformity assessment, and policy alignment.
Related standards
- ISO Guide 64 (product sustainability considerations)
- ISO 14040 / ISO 14044 (LCA principles and requirements)
- ISO 11469, ISO 15270 (plastics recycling and end-of-life)
- ISO 472 (plastics terminology)
- ISO 14001 (environmental management terminology)
By following ISO 17422:2018, organizations can systematically include environmental aspects in plastics standards, promote sustainable material choices, and support lifecycle‑aware product development.
ISO 17422:2018 - Plastics -- Environmental aspects -- General guidelines for their inclusion in standards
REDLINE ISO 17422:2018 - Plastics — Environmental aspects — General guidelines for their inclusion in standards Released:7/10/2018
ISO 17422:2018 - Matieres plastiques -- Aspects liés a l'environnement -- Lignes directrices générales pour leur prise en compte dans les normes
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 17422:2018 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Plastics - Environmental aspects - General guidelines for their inclusion in standards". This standard covers: This document provides a structure for inclusion of environmental aspects in standards for plastics products. It proposes an approach which is directed at minimizing any adverse environmental impact without detracting from the primary purpose of ensuring adequate fitness for use of the products under consideration. The guidance provided by this document is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and above its primary purpose, however, this document provides guidance of value to those involved in design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered. NOTE This document is intended to promote the following practices: a) the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects; b) the adoption of good practices such as: 1) procedures for pollution avoidance, e.g. through end-of-life options and its proper management; 2) material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product; 3) safe use of hazardous substances; 4) avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices; 5) promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on chemical composition criteria; 6) use of renewable resources and minimization of the use of non-renewable resources, if the life cycle assessment shows favourable; c) the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact, product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements; d) the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes; e) the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.
This document provides a structure for inclusion of environmental aspects in standards for plastics products. It proposes an approach which is directed at minimizing any adverse environmental impact without detracting from the primary purpose of ensuring adequate fitness for use of the products under consideration. The guidance provided by this document is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and above its primary purpose, however, this document provides guidance of value to those involved in design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered. NOTE This document is intended to promote the following practices: a) the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects; b) the adoption of good practices such as: 1) procedures for pollution avoidance, e.g. through end-of-life options and its proper management; 2) material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product; 3) safe use of hazardous substances; 4) avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices; 5) promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on chemical composition criteria; 6) use of renewable resources and minimization of the use of non-renewable resources, if the life cycle assessment shows favourable; c) the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact, product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements; d) the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes; e) the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.
ISO 17422:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.020.01 - Environment and environmental protection in general; 83.080.01 - Plastics in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 17422:2018 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 17422:2002. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase ISO 17422:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17422
Second edition
2018-06
Plastics — Environmental aspects —
General guidelines for their inclusion
in standards
Matières plastiques — Aspects liés à l'environnement — Lignes
directrices générales pour leur prise en compte dans les normes
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Inclusion of environmental aspects in standards . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Test method standards .4
4.2.1 General. 4
4.2.2 Minimization of adverse environmental impact .4
4.2.3 Minimization of material and energy usage .5
4.3 Product standards .5
4.3.1 General. 5
4.3.2 Product functionality .5
4.3.3 Environmental aspects in product standards .5
4.3.4 Renewable resources and energy .6
4.3.5 Writers of standards .6
Annex A (informative) Scope and limitations of life cycle assessment . 7
Bibliography .11
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 14,
Environmental aspects.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17422:2002), which has been technically
revised. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 1 has been revised to include “renewable resources” [item b) 6) of the Note];
— in Clause 3, 3.10 “renewable resource” and 3.11 “end-of-life” have been added;
— terms and definitions formerly in Annex A have been moved to Clause 3, except “life cycle impact
assessment (LCIA)” which has been deleted because it is not used in the document;
— subclause 4.3.4 “Renewable resources and energy” has been added;
— a Note has been added to A.4 to provide a new example of energy input;
— the Bibliography has been revised and updated.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17422:2018(E)
Plastics — Environmental aspects — General guidelines for
their inclusion in standards
1 Scope
This document provides a structure for inclusion of environmental aspects in standards for plastics
products. It proposes an approach which is directed at minimizing any adverse environmental impact
without detracting from the primary purpose of ensuring adequate fitness for use of the products
under consideration.
The guidance provided by this document is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and
above its primary purpose, however, this document provides guidance of value to those involved in
design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered.
NOTE This document is intended to promote the following practices:
a) the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in
standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects;
b) the adoption of good practices such as:
1) procedures for pollution avoidance, e.g. through end-of-life options and its proper management;
2) material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product;
3) safe use of hazardous substances;
4) avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices;
5) promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on
chemical composition criteria;
6) use of renewable resources and minimization of the use of non-renewable resources, if the life cycle
assessment shows favourable;
c) the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact,
product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements;
d) the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting
improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes;
e) the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
design
creative activity that, based on expressed or implied needs, existing means and technological
possibilities, results in the definition of technical solutions for a product that can be commercially
manufactured or fabricated into prototypes
3.2
eco-profile
partial life cycle inventory analysis (3.14) beginning at the raw material extraction phase and ending at
the point where the plastics product (3.8) is ready for transfer to the next operator in the supply chain
3.3
environmental aspect
element of an organization’s activities, products or services that interacts or can interact with the
environment
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2]
3.4
environmental impact
change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization’s environmental aspects (3.3)
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]
3.5
environmental provision
normative element of a standard that specifies measures for minimizing adverse environmental impact
of a test method, material or product
3.6
life cycle
consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation
from natural resources to the final disposal
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.1]
3.7
life cycle assessment
LCA
compilation and evaluation of the inputs (3.13), outputs (3.16) and the potential environmental impacts
(3.4) of a product system throughout its life cycle (3.6)
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.2]
3.8
plastics product
material or combination of materials, semi-finished or finished product that is within the scope of
ISO/TC 61
3.9
product standard
standard that specifies requirements to be fulfilled by a product or group of products
3.10
renewable resource
any natural resource in the form of material or energy, which is replenished or replaced on natural
processes
Note 1 to entry: Renewable resource includes agricultural products, biomass, solar, wind, water, hydro power,
geothermal, tidal energy and renewed biomass etc. and excludes recovered or wasted energy.
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Note 2 to entry: Organic fraction of municipal waste is considered as a renewable energy source.
Note 3 to entry: Whether the energy stored in a technical system is renewable or not depends on the nature of
the original energy source.
Note 4 to entry: Criteria to categorize an energy source as renewable differ amongst jurisdictions, based on local
environmental or other reasons.
3.11
end-of-life
life cycle stage of a product when a proper waste management is applied for discarded end-user
products
Note 1 to entry: For plastics waste recycling and recovery, see ISO 11469 and ISO 15270. See also Annex A.
3.12
energy recovery
production of useful energy through direct and controlled combustion
Note 1 to entry: Solid-waste incinerators producing hot water, steam and/or electricity are a common form of
energy recovery.
Note 2 to entry: From a technical point of view, the term “energy recovery” applies to any process where the
calorific value or the sensible heat of a material is wholly, or partially, converted into useful energy.
[SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3.11, modified — Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.13
input
material or energy which enters a unit process
3.14
life cycle inventory analysis
LCI
phase of life cycle assessment (3.7) involving the compilation and quantification of inputs (3.13) and
outputs (3.16) for a product throughout its life cycle (3.6)
Note 1 to entry: As life cycle inventory analysis describes a product system and not the product in isolation, the
life cycle data cover factors including materials, design, performance, use pattern and waste management.
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.3, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.15
mechanical recycling
processing of plastics waste into secondary raw material or products without significantly changing
the chemical structure of the material
Note 1 to entry: This definition does not generally cover chemical or feedstock recycling processes applied to
plastics.
[SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3. 21, modified — Note 1 to entry has been changed.]
3.16
output
material or energy which leaves a unit process
Note 1 to entry: Such material includes raw materials, intermediate products, finished products, emissions
and waste.
4 Inclusion of environmental aspects in standards
4.1 General
In the preparation of International Standards, close co-ordination within and among sub-committees
and working groups responsible for different plastics products or processes is necessary in order
to create a coherent approach to the incorporation of environmental provisions. Appropriate co-
ordination will ensure that such activity on environmental provisions will neither retard nor inhibit
the normal standards development process.
Any plan to prepare a new standard or to revise an existing standard with inclusion of environmental
provisions should define, as far as possible, both the purpose of the standard and its expected major
users. This exercise will help to determine how the standard is likely to be used, for example for quality
control or for conformity assessment, to identify the relevant environmental aspects and to assess the
users’ level of expertise, needs and expectations.
Standards should be drafted with a view to providing provisions which eliminate or reduce any
identified environmental hazards, and, where possible, these provisions should be expressed in terms of
verifiable preventive measures. Requirements for preventive measures should be expressed precisely,
clearly and with technical accuracy, and the requirements for verification should be clearly stated.
Whenever appropriate, the standard should state what environmentally relevant information has to be
provided to persons involved with the product or process.
NOTE Terminology of plastics is defined in ISO 472. This document additionally includes environmental terms.
4.2 Test method standards
4.2.1 General
International Standards for the testing of plastics products should also provide scope for application of
ISO Guide 64 by drawing attention to the importance of product sustainability issues such as resource
conservation and pollution prevention.
Where such issues are already being addressed (for example within ISO/TC 61/SC 5, Physical-chemical
properties, ISO/TC 61/SC 6, Ageing, chemical and environmental resistance and ISO/TC 61/SC 14,
Environmental aspects, etc.), this fact should be brought to the attention of the users of the standards by
means of an introductory statement within the text of the standard. Standards writers should take this
into account whenever existing standards are being revised or new ones are being prepared.
To avoid unnecessary proliferation of tests, standards writers should consider combining, or selecting
between, similar test methods that are used for measuring identical product properties.
4.2.2 Minimization of adverse environmental impact
When test method standards are being written or revised, their associated environmental impact should
be evaluated; test equipment and procedures should be reviewed to minimize adverse environmental
impact. Such reviews should not in any way compromise the fitness for purpose of the test apparatus
or procedure. Once a new test method standard with reduced adverse environmental impact has been
developed in replacement of an existing procedure, it should be validated and, thereafter, the existing
test method standard withdrawn.
The following considerations apply.
a) Material testing
Any substance specified in a standard that becomes the subject of well-founded environmental
concern should include the relevant clauses taken from appropriate material documentation such
as safety data sheets (SDSs).
4 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Whenever possible, a substance which is incorporated in a plastics material shall be assessed
according to risk assessment and appropriate measures should be taken.
Existing ISO test methods standards shall be applied.
b) Quality testing
According to ISO quality standards.
c) Environmental testing
According to ISO environmental standards.
4.2.3 Minimization of material and energy usage
The usage of materials and energy is affected by many factors such as the scale of the test, the specimen
size and the number of specimens, the required levels of reproducibility and repeatability, and the
power specifications of the test equipment.
Test method standards should be designed with a view to minimizing material and energy usage
without compromising the quality of the test result obtained through use of the standard.
Where appropriate, guidance should be given to the user of the standard on how to minimize the use of
material and energy.
4.3 Product standards
4.3.1 General
Writers of plastics product standards should incorporate a general introductory statement highlighting
the fact that this document (i.e. ISO 17422) and ISO Guide 64 have been taken into account in the
preparation of the standard. In addition, this document (i.e. ISO 17422) and ISO Guide 64 should be
cited systematically as informative references within future plastics product standard
...
ISO/TC 61/SC 14
Date: 2018‐06
ISO/TC 61/SC 14/WG 3
Secretariat: DIN
Plastics — Environmental aspects — General guidelines for their inclusion in
standards
Matières plastiques — Aspects liés à l'environnement — Lignes directrices générales pour
leur prise en compte dans les normes
Document type: International Standard
Document subtype:
Document stage: (60) Publication
Document language: E
STD Version 2.8f
Deleted: COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
DOCUMENT¶
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise
specified, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in
any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, or
posting on the internet or an intranet,
without prior written permission.
Permission can be requested from either
ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the
requester.¶
ISO copyright office¶
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401¶
CH‐1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland¶
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11¶
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47¶
copyright@iso.org¶
www.iso.org¶
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
ii
Contents Page
Foreword . 4
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Inclusion of environmental aspects in standards . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Test method standards . 5
4.2.1 General . 5
4.2.2 Minimization of adverse environmental impact . 5
4.2.3 Minimization of material and energy usage . 5
4.3 Product standards . 6
4.3.1 General . 6
4.3.2 Product functionality . 6
4.3.3 Environmental aspects in product standards . 6
4.3.4 Renewable resources and energy . 6
4.3.5 Writers of standards . 7
Annex A (informative) Scope and limitations of life cycle assessment . 8
A.1 General considerations . 8
A.2 Subdivisions of environmental aspects . 8
A.2.1 Quantitative environmental aspects . 8
A.2.2 Qualitative environmental aspects . 9
A.2.3 Global aspects . 9
A.2.4 Regional aspects . 9
A.2.5 Local aspects . 9
A.3 Design parameters . 9
A.4 Plastics manufacturing and feedstock considerations . 9
A.5 End-of-life management . 10
A.6 Recyclability . 11
A.7 Environmentally sound material selection criteria . 11
Bibliography . 12
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non‐governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all
matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Deleted: www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Deleted: www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. Deleted: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 14,
Environmental aspects.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17422:2002), which has been technically
revised. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 1 has been revised to include “renewable resources” [item b) 6) of the Note];
— in Clause 3, 3.10 “renewable resource” and 3.11 “end‐of‐life” have been added; Deleted: and terms and definitions
formerly in Annex A have been moved to
Clause 3
— terms and definitions formerly in Annex A have been moved to Clause 3, except “life cycle impact
assessment (LCIA)” which has been deleted because it is not used in the document;
— subclause 4.3.4 “Renewable resources and energy” has been added;
— a Note has been added to A.4 to provide a new example of energy input;
— the Bibliography has been revised and updated.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17422:2018(E)
Plastics — Environmental aspects — General gudelines for
their inclusion in standards
1 Scope
This document provides a structure for inclusion of environmental aspects in standards for plastics
products. It proposes an approach which is directed at minimizing any adverse environmental impact
without detracting from the primary purpose of ensuring adequate fitness for use of the products under
consideration.
The guidance provided by this document is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and
above its primary purpose, however, this document provides guidance of value to those involved in
design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered.
NOTE This document is intended to promote the following practices:
a) the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in
standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects;
b) the adoption of good practices such as:
1) procedures for pollution avoidance, e.g. through end‐of‐life options and its proper management;
2) material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product;
3) safe use of hazardous substances;
4) avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices;
5) promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on
chemical composition criteria;
6) use of renewable resources and minimization of the use of non‐renewable resources, if the life cycle
assessment shows favourable;
c) the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact,
product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements;
d) the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting
improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes;
e) the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ Deleted: http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp Deleted: https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
design
creative activity that, based on expressed or implied needs, existing means and technological
possibilities, results in the definition of technical solutions for a product that can be commercially
manufactured or fabricated into prototypes
3.2
eco-profile
partial life cycle inventory analysis (3.14) beginning at the raw material extraction phase and ending at
the point where the plastics product (3.8) is ready for transfer to the next operator in the supply chain
3.3
environmental aspect
element of an organization’s activities, products or services that interacts or can interact with the
environment
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2]
3.4
environmental impact
change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization’s environmental aspects (3.3)
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]
3.5
environmental provision
normative element of a standard that specifies measures for minimizing adverse environmental impact
of a test method, material or product
3.6
life cycle
consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation
from natural resources to the final disposal
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.1]
3.7
life cycle assessment
LCA
compilation and evaluation of the inputs (3.13), outputs (3.16) and the potential environmental impacts
(3.4) of a product system throughout its life cycle (3.6)
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.2]
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
3.8
plastics product
material or combination of materials, semi‐finished or finished product that is within the scope of
ISO/TC 61
3.9
product standard
standard that specifies requirements to be fulfilled by a product or group of products
3.10
renewable resource
any natural resource in the form of material or energy, which is replenished or replaced on natural
processes
Note 1 to entry: Renewable resource includes agricultural products, biomass, solar, wind, water, hydro power,
geothermal, tidal energy and renewed biomass etc. and excludes recovered or wasted energy.
Note 2 to entry: Organic fraction of municipal waste is considered as a renewable energy source.
Note 3 to entry: Whether the energy stored in a technical system is renewable or not depends on the nature of the
original energy source.
Note 4 to entry: Criteria to categorize an energy source as renewable differ amongst jurisdictions, based on local
environmental or other reasons.
3.11
end-of-life
life cycle stage of a product when a proper waste management is applied for discarded end‐user
products
Note 1 to entry: For plastics waste recycling and recovery, see ISO 11469 and ISO 15270. See also Annex A.
3.12
energy recovery
production of useful energy through direct and controlled combustion
Note 1 to entry: Solid‐waste incinerators producing hot water, steam and/or electricity are a common form of
energy recovery.
Note 2 to entry: From a technical point of view, the term “energy recovery” applies to any process where the
calorific value or the sensible heat of a material is wholly, or partially, converted into useful energy.
[SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3.11, modified — Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.13
input
material or energy which enters a unit process
3.14
life cycle inventory analysis
LCI
phase of life cycle assessment (3.7) involving the compilation and quantification of inputs (3.13) and
outputs (3.16) for a product throughout its life cycle (3.6)
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Note 1 to entry: As life cycle inventory analysis describes a product system and not the product in isolation, the
life cycle data cover factors including materials, design, performance, use pattern and waste management.
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.3, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.15
mechanical recycling
processing of plastics waste into secondary raw material or products without significantly changing the
chemical structure of the material
Note 1 to entry: This definition does not generally cover chemical or feedstock recycling processes applied to
plastics.
[SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3. 21, modified — Note 1 to entry has been changed.]
3.16
output
material or energy which leaves a unit process
Note 1 to entry: Such material includes raw materials, intermediate products, finished products, emissions and
waste.
4 Inclusion of environmental aspects in standards
4.1 General
In the preparation of International Standards, close co‐ordination within and among sub‐committees
and working groups responsible for different plastics products or processes is necessary in order to
create a coherent approach to the incorporation of environmental provisions. Appropriate co‐
ordination will ensure that such activity on environmental provisions will neither retard nor inhibit the
normal standards development process.
Any plan to prepare a new standard or to revise an existing standard with inclusion of environmental
provisions should define, as far as possible, both the purpose of the standard and its expected major
users. This exercise will help to determine how the standard is likely to be used, for example for quality
control or for conformity assessment, to identify the relevant environmental aspects and to assess the
users’ level of expertise, needs and expectations.
Standards should be drafted with a view to providing provisions which eliminate or reduce any
identified environmental hazards, and, where possible, these provisions should be expressed in terms
of verifiable preventive measures. Requirements for preventive measures should be expressed
precisely, clearly and with technical accuracy, and the requirements for verification should be clearly
stated.
Whenever appropriate, the standard should state what environmentally relevant information has to be
provided to persons involved with the product or process.
NOTE Terminology of plastics is defined in ISO 472. This document additionally includes environmental
terms.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
4.2 Test method standards
4.2.1 General
International Standards for the testing of plastics products should also provide scope for application of
ISO Guide 64 by drawing attention to the importance of product sustainability issues such as resource
conservation and pollution prevention.
Where such issues are already being addressed (for example within ISO/TC 61/SC 5, Physical-chemical
properties, ISO/TC 61/SC 6, Ageing, chemical and environmental resistance and ISO/TC 61/SC 14,
Environmental aspects, etc.), this fact should be brought to the attention of the users of the standards by
means of an introductory statement within the text of the standard. Standards writers should take this
into account whenever existing standards are being revised or new ones are being prepared.
To avoid unnecessary proliferation of tests, standards writers should consider combining, or selecting
between, similar test methods that are used for measuring identical product properties.
4.2.2 Minimization of adverse environmental impact
When test method standards are being written or revised, their associated environmental impact
should be evaluated; test equipment and procedures should be reviewed to minimize adverse
environmental impact. Such reviews should not in any way compromise the fitness for purpose of the
test apparatus or procedure. Once a new test method standard with reduced adverse environmental
impact has been developed in replacement of an existing procedure, it should be validated and,
thereafter, the existing test method standard withdrawn.
The following considerations apply.
a) Material testing
Any substance specified in a standard that becomes the subject of well‐founded environmental
concern should include the relevant clauses taken from appropriate material documentation such
as safety data sheets (SDSs).
Whenever possible, a substance which is incorporated in a plastics material shall be assessed
according to risk assessment and appropriate measures should be taken.
Existing ISO test methods standards shall be applied.
b) Quality testing
According to ISO quality standards.
c) Environmental testing
According to ISO environmental standards.
4.2.3 Minimization of material and energy usage
The usage of materials and energ
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 17422
Deuxième édition
2018-06
Matières plastiques — Aspects liés à
l'environnement — Lignes directrices
générales pour leur prise en compte
dans les normes
Plastics — Environmental aspects — General guidelines for their
inclusion in standards
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2018
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2018
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Inclusion des aspects environnementaux dans les normes . 4
4.1 Généralités . 4
4.2 Normes de méthodes d’essai . 4
4.2.1 Généralités . 4
4.2.2 Réduction de l’impact environnemental au minimum . 5
4.2.3 Réduction de l’utilisation de matières et d’énergie au minimum . 5
4.3 Normes de produits . 5
4.3.1 Généralités . 5
4.3.2 Fonctionnalité des produits . 5
4.3.3 Aspects environnementaux dans les normes de produits . 6
4.3.4 Ressources et énergies renouvelables. 6
4.3.5 Rédacteurs de normes . 6
Annexe A (informative) Domaine d’application et limites de l’analyse du cycle de vie .7
Bibliographie .12
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/directives).
L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www .iso .org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion
de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www .iso .org/iso/fr/avant -propos .html.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 61, Plastiques, sous-comité SC 14,
Aspects liés à l’environnement.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 17422:2002), qui a fait l’objet d’une
révision technique. Les modifications par rapport à l’édition précédente sont les suivantes:
— l’Article 1 a été révisé pour inclure les «ressources renouvelables» [point b) 6) de la Note];
— à l’Article 3, les termes 3.10 «ressource renouvelable» et 3.11 «fin de vie» ont été ajoutés;
— les termes et définitions anciennement en Annexe A ont été déplacés à l’Article 3, sauf «analyse de
l’impact du cycle de vie (AICV)» qui a été supprimé, car il n’est pas utilisé dans le document;
— en 4.3.4, les «ressources et énergies renouvelables» ont été ajoutées;
— une Note a été ajoutée en A.4 pour donner un nouvel exemple d’apport énergétique;
— la Bibliographie a été révisée et mise à jour.
iv © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 17422:2018(F)
Matières plastiques — Aspects liés à l'environnement —
Lignes directrices générales pour leur prise en compte
dans les normes
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document définit une structure pour l’inclusion des aspects environnementaux dans les
normes relatives aux produits plastiques. Il propose une approche visant à permettre une réduction de
leur impact négatif sur l’environnement sans compromettre leur objectif premier qui est d’assurer une
aptitude à l’emploi adéquate des produits en question.
Les lignes directrices contenues dans le présent document sont essentiellement destinées aux
rédacteurs de normes. Toutefois, outre son objectif premier, le présent document sera utile aussi à ceux
qui participent aux travaux de conception et autres activités où les aspects environnementaux des
plastiques sont abordés.
NOTE Le présent document est destiné à promouvoir les pratiques suivantes:
a) l’utilisation de techniques permettant d’identifier et d’évaluer l’impact environnemental des dispositions
techniques spécifiées dans les normes ainsi que de réduire au minimum leurs effets néfastes;
b) l’adoption de bonnes pratiques telles que:
1) des modes opératoires pour la prévention de la pollution, par exemple des options de fin de vie et leur
gestion adaptée;
2) la conservation de la matière et de l’énergie en tenant compte de l’utilisation prévue (et de la mauvaise
utilisation prévisible) du produit;
3) l’utilisation en toute sécurité des substances dangereuses;
4) l’élimination de pratiques restrictives techniquement injustifiables;
5) le recours à des critères de performance plutôt qu’à des clauses d’exclusion qui seraient, par exemple,
basées uniquement sur des critères de composition chimique;
6) l’utilisation de ressources renouvelables et le recours minimal aux ressources non renouvelables, si
l’analyse du cycle de vie y est favorable;
c) l’adoption d’une approche équilibrée lors de l’élaboration des normes face à des questions telles que l’impact
environnemental, la fonction et la performance du produit, l’hygiène et la sécurité et d’autres exigences
réglementaires;
d) la révision et le réexamen réguliers des normes existantes à la lumière des innovations techniques permettant
d’améliorer l’impact environnemental des produits et processus;
e) l’application d’approches analytiques du cycle de vie chaque fois qu’elles peuvent être appliquées et qu’elles
sont techniquement justifiées.
2 Références normatives
Il n’y a pas de références normatives dans le présent document.
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
conception
activité créative qui, partant des besoins exprimés ou implicites, des moyens existants et des possibilités
technologiques, aboutit à la définition de solutions techniques d’un produit industriellement réalisable
ou concrétisé par des prototypes
3.2
éco-profil
analyse partielle de l’inventaire du cycle de vie (3.14) depuis la phase d’extraction des matières premières
jusqu’à ce que le produit plastique (3.8) soit prêt à être transféré à l’opérateur suivant dans la chaîne
d’approvisionnement
3.3
aspect environnemental
élément des activités, produits ou services d’un organisme interagissant ou susceptible d’interactions
avec l’environnement
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2]
3.4
impact environnemental
modification de l’environnement, négative ou bénéfique, résultant totalement ou partiellement des
aspects environnementaux (3.3) d’un organisme
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]
3.5
disposition environnementale
élément normatif d’une norme qui spécifie des mesures pour l’amélioration des aspects
environnementaux d’une méthode d’essai, d’un matériau ou d’un produit
3.6
cycle de vie
phases consécutives et liées d’un système de produits, de l’acquisition des matières premières ou de la
génération des ressources naturelles à l’élimination finale
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.1]
3.7
analyse du cycle de vie
ACV
compilation et évaluation des intrants (3.13), des extrants (3.16) et des impacts environnementaux (3.4)
potentiels d’un système de produits au cours de son cycle de vie (3.6)
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.2]
3.8
produit plastique
matériau ou combinaison de matériaux, produit semi-fini ou fini faisant partie du domaine d’application
de l’ISO/TC 61
3.9
norme de produit
norme qui spécifie les exigences à satisfaire par un produit ou un groupe de produits
2 © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés
3.10
ressource renouvelable
toute ressource naturelle sous la forme d’un matériau ou d’une énergie, qui est régénérée ou remplacée
lors de processus naturels
Note 1 à l'article: Les ressources renouvelables incluent les produits agricoles, la biomasse, l’énergie solaire, le
vent, l’eau, l’énergie hydraulique, la géothermie, l’énergie marémotrice et la biomasse renouvelée, etc., et elles
excluent l’énergie récupérée ou perdue.
Note 2 à l'article: La fraction organique des déchets municipaux est considérée comme une source d’énergie
renouvelable.
Note 3 à l'article: Le fait que l’énergie stockée dans un système technique soit renouvelable ou non dépend de la
nature de la source d’énergie d’origine.
Note 4 à l'article: Les critères pour catégoriser une source d’énergie comme étant renouvelable diffèrent d’une
juridiction à l’autre, en fonction de l’environnement local ou pour d’autres raisons.
3.11
fin de vie
étape du cycle de vie d’un produit au cours de laquelle une gestion appropriée des déchets est appliquée
aux produits jetés par l’utilisateur final
Note 1 à l'article: Pour le recyclage et la valorisation des déchets plastiques, voir l’ISO 11469 et l’ISO 15270. Voir
également l’Annexe A.
3.12
valorisation énergétique
production d’énergie utile par une combustion directe et contrôlée
Note 1 à l'article: Les incinérateurs de déchets solides produisant de l’eau chaude, de la vapeur et/ou de l’électricité
sont des formes courantes de valorisation énergétique.
Note 2 à l'article: D’un point de vue technique, le terme «valorisation énergétique» s’applique à tout processus
où la valeur calorifique ou la chaleur sensible d’un matériau est convertie, complètement ou partiellement, en
énergie utile.
[SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3.11, modifiée — Note 2 à l’article ajoutée.]
3.13
intrant
matière ou énergie entrant dans un processus élémentaire
3.14
inventaire du cycle de vie
ICV
phase de l’analyse du cycle de vie (3.7) impliquant la compilation et la quantification des intrants (3.13)
et des extrants (3.16) pour un système de produits donné au cours de son cycle de vie (3.6)
Note 1 à l'article: Comme l’analyse de l’inventaire du cycle de vie décrit un système de produits et non un produit
isolé, les données de cycle de vie couvrent des facteurs comprenant le matériau, la conception, les performances,
le schéma d’utilisation et la gestion des déchets.
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.3, modifiée — Note 1 à l’article ajoutée.]
3.15
recyclage mécanique
traitement de déchets plastiques en matière première secondaire ou produits sans modification
significative de la structure chimique de la matière
Note 1 à l'article: Cette définition ne couvre généralement pas les processus de recyclage chimique ou des
matières premières appliqués aux plastiques.
[SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008, 3.21, modifiée — Note 1 à l’article modifiée.]
3.16
extrant
matière ou énergie sortant d’un processus élémentaire
Note 1 à l'article: Ces matières comprennent des matières premières, des produits intermédiaires, des produits
finis, des émissions et des déchets.
4 Inclusion des aspects environnementaux dans les normes
4.1 Généralités
Lors de l’élaboration des Normes internationales, une étroite coordination au sein et entre les sous-
comités et les groupes de travail responsables de différents produits ou processus est nécessaire
afin d’adopter une approche cohérente dans l’introduction de dispositions environnementales. Une
coordination appropriée garantira que ce travail d’introduction de dispositions environnementales ne
retardera pas ni n’empêchera pas le processus habituel d’élaboration des normes.
Il convient que tout programme d’élaboration d’une nouvelle norme ou de révision d’une norme
existante comprenant l’introduction de dispositions environnementales définisse, dans la mesure
du possible, l’objet de la norme et les utilisateurs principaux de la norme. Cet exercice permettra de
définir plus facilement comment la norme est susceptible d’être utilisée (par exemple, pour un contrôle
qualité ou pour une évaluation de conformité), afin d’identifier quels aspects environnementaux sont
importants et d’évaluer le niveau d’expertise, les besoins et les attentes des utilisateurs de la norme.
Il convient que les normes soient rédigées dans le souci d’établir des dispositions qui éliminent ou
réduisent tout danger environnemental identifié et, si possible, il convient que ces dispositions soient
exprimées en termes de mesures préventives vérifiables. Il est recommandé d’exprimer ces mesures
préventives de façon précise, claire et exacte du point de vue technique, et d’établir clairement les
exigences permettant de les vérifier.
Il convient, chaque fois que cela est approprié, que la norme indique quelles informations pertinentes
d’un point de vue environnemental, s’il y en a, devront être fournies aux personnes impliquées dans le
produit ou le processus.
NOTE La terminologie des plastiques est définie dans l’ISO 472. Le présent document inclut en plus des
termes environnementaux.
4.2 Normes de méthodes d’essai
4.2.1 Généralités
Il convient que les Normes internationales relatives aux essais des produits plastiques constituent
également un domaine pour l’application de le Guide ISO 64 en attirant l’attention sur l’importance des
questions de développement durable telles que la conservation des ressources et la prévention de la
pollution.
Si ces questions sont déjà traitées (par exemple, au sein de l’ISO/TC 61/SC 5, Propriétés physicochimiques,
de l’ISO/TC 61/SC 6, Vieillissement et résistance aux agents chimiques et environnants et de l’ISO/TC 61/
SC 14, Aspects liés à l’environnement, etc.), il convient d’en informer les utilisateurs de la norme au moyen
d’une déclaration introductive insérée dans le texte de la norme. Il convient que les rédacteurs de
normes prennent en compte cette approche au moment de la révision de documents existants ou de la
rédaction de nouvelles normes.
Afin d’éviter une multiplication inutile des essais, il convient que les rédacteurs de normes réfléchissent
au regroupement ou à la suppression des méthodes d’essai semblables destinées à évaluer des propriétés
identiques des produits.
4 © ISO 2018 – Tous droits réservés
4.2.2 Réduction de l’impact environnemental au minimum
Lorsque les normes de méthodes d’essai sont rédigées ou révisées, il convient d’évaluer l’impact
environnemental qui leur est associé. Il y a lieu de réviser l’appareillage d’essai et les modes opératoires
en vue de réduire au minimum l’impact environnemental négatif. Il convient que ces révisions ne
compromettent nullement l’aptitude à l’emploi des appareillages d’essai ou des modes opératoires.
Lorsqu’en remplacement d’une procédure existante, une nouvelle norme de méthode d’essai conduisant
à une diminution de l’impact environnemental négatif a été élaborée, il convient de la valider, puis
d’annuler la norme de méthode d’essai existante.
Les éléments suivants sont applicables:
a) Essais de matériaux
Il convient que, pour toute substance spécifiée dans une norme et qui s’avérerait nocive pour
l’environnement, la norme reprenne les articles pertinents de la documentation du matériau,
notamment de la fiche de données de sécurité du matériau (FDSM).
À chaque fois que possible, une substance qui est incorporée dans un matériau plastique doit être
soumise à une appréciation du risque et il convient de prendre des mesures appropriées.
Les normes de méthodes d’essai ISO existantes doivent être appliquées.
b) Essais qualité
Selon les normes qualité ISO.
c) Essais environnementaux
Selon les normes environnementales ISO.
4.2.3 Réduction de l’utilisation de matières et d’énergie au minimum
L’utilisation de matières et d’énergie dépend de nombreux facteurs, notamment l’échelle des essais, la
taille et le nombre des échantillons, le niveau requis de reproductibilité et de répétabilité, ainsi que la
consommation en énergie de l’équipement d’essai.
Il convient que les normes de méthodes d’essai soient conçues en vue de réduire l’utilisation de matières
et d’énergie au minimum sans compromettre la qualité des résultats de l’essai réalisé selon la norme.
Il convient, chaque fois que cela est approprié, d’indiquer à l’utilisateur de la norme comment réduire au
minimum l’utilisation de matières et d’énergie.
4.3 Normes de produits
4.3.1 Généralités
Il convient que les rédacteurs des normes de produits plastiques intègrent une déclaration introductive
générale soulignant le fait que le présent document (à savoir l’ISO 17422) et le Guide ISO 64 ont été pris
en compte lors de l’élaboration de la norme. En outre, il convient que le présent document (à savoir
l’ISO 17422) et le Guide ISO 64 soient systématiquement cit
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