ISO 14296:2016

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14296
ISO/TC 204 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-11-12 2015-02-12
Intelligent transport systems — Extension of map database
specifications for applications of cooperative ITS
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Extension des spécifications de base de données cartographiques aux
applications collaboratives des SIT
ICS: 35.240.60;03.220.01
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
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ISO/DIS 14296:2014(E)
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Copyright notice
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Conformance . 1
4 Terms and definitions . 1
5 Symbols (and abbreviated terms) . 5
6 Requirements . 5
6.1 Introduction . 5
6.2 Application requirements. 5
6.3 Functional requirements . 5
7 Logical data model .16
7.1 Overall model .16
7.2 Transportation package .17
7.3 Cartographic package .46
7.4 Service and POI package .52
7.5 Address location package .53
7.6 Dynamic information package .55
7.7 Relationship of the road data between levels .56
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite .59
Annex B (informative) Description of UML expression elements .60
Annex C (normative) Basic set of applications definition .62
Annex D (informative) Overview of the target example services (Japanese examples) for
Driving support .64
Annex E (normative) Relationship between Basic set of applications and Driving support services
(Japanese example) .82
Annex F (informative) Use case of Multi-Modal Travel Support service.83
Bibliography .91
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) (see Foreword — Supplementary information).
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
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Introduction
The purpose of this proposal is to extend the existing specifications for map databases in order to
provide greater support for applications and/or application developments of cooperative ITS that may
use Local Dynamic Map.
The functional requirements and data model for in-vehicle navigation are already defined in TS 20452.
However, the map-related functional requirements, data model, and data elements needed for Local
Dynamic Map for Cooperative ITS have not yet been defined.
This proposal can help developers of applications for Cooperative ITS by broadening its applicability.
Such applications will benefit by the availability of a standardized data model and data elements. The
resulting work will shorten developers’ time-to-market for new products and services.
The scope of ISO/TS 17931 is within the scope of NP14296 which was approved in April, 2011. However,
in order to meet the schedule requirement of Mandate M/453 issued by European Commission, TS 17931
was published as the Local Dynamic Map component of this International Standard. This International
Standard fully supports the ISO/TS 17931.
This International Standard defines the Logical Data Model for Multi-Modal navigation system, however
does not define the data model for individual navigation service except for in-vehicle navigation.
This International Standard uses UML to express specific circumstances; the graphical elements are
used to express specific constraints and structural relationships. A full definition can be found in
ISO/IEC 19501:2005. However, a short introduction of elements is given in Annex B.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 14296:2014(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Extension of map database
specifications for applications of cooperative ITS
1 Scope
This International Standard provides the map-related functional requirements, data model (logical
data model/logical data organization), and data elements for those applications of cooperative ITS that
require information derived from map databases.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14825:2011, Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files (GDF) — GDF5.0
ISO/IEC 19501:2005, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Unified Modelling Language
(UML) Version 1.4.2
ISO/TS 20452:2007, Requirements and Logical Data Model for a Physical Storage Format (PSF) and an
Application Program Interface (API) and Logical Data Organization for PSF used in Intelligent Transport
Systems (ITS) Database Technology
3 Conformance
Data structures are provided as specified in Clause 7.
Any data structure claiming conformance with this International Standard shall pass the requirements
presented in the abstract test suite in Annex A.
UML Expressions for diagrams in this International Standard shall be compliant with ISO/IEC 19501:2005.
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in ISO 14825 and ISO/TS 20452 and the
following apply.
4.1
Address Location
application category that deals with the task of expressing a real-world position in terms of the PSF data
representation
4.2
application category
basic sub-function within the set of functionality for cooperative ITS support
Note 1 to entry: This International Standard identifies eight application categories: Positioning, Route Planning,
Route Guidance, Map Display, Address Location, Services and POI Information Access, cooperative ITS including
Driving support, Multi-Modal Travel.
4.3
display point
0-dimensional type of cartographic feature
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4.4
geocoding
determination of a link or node based on address information describing and/or naming a location
4.5
intersection
GDF level 2 representation of a crossing which bounds a road or a ferry as a complex feature composed
of one or more GDF level 1 junctions, Road Elements and enclosed traffic areas
4.6
itinerary
plan of a journey, including the route and the places visited
4.7
junction
navigable feature which is either a named GDF junction or named GDF intersection, and that relates a
named navigable feature to a set of links and nodes and a place
4.8
landmark
point, line or area feature that can be used to clarify the directions generated to describe a route
Note 1 to entry: It can be associated to a node or a link.
Note 2 to entry: A landmark cannot be in the Services, Administrative Areas, or Public Transportation Feature
themes of the GDF; however a facility in which a service is located can be a landmark.
4.9
layer
sub-set of map data resulting from a subdivision of data of the same coverage area based on contents
(similar to IS 14825 GDF layer) and which is typically related to one or only a few of the application
categories
EXAMPLE District name, which is one of the data items for Route Guidance applications, is included in a layer.
4.10
level
sub-set of map data resulting from classification of data of the same semantically contents based on the
level of details/density, related to the concept of different map scales
Note 1 to entry: Level 0 is considered the lowest level (greatest detail); higher levels are numbered level 1, level
2, etc.
EXAMPLE Map Display data can be organized into 6 levels representing different zoom scales.
4.11
link
directed topological connection between two nodes, composed of an ordered sequence of one or more
segments and represented by an ordered sequence of zero or more shape points
4.12
Local Dynamic Map
conceptual data store which is embedded in an ITS station and which contains topographical, positional
and status information
4.13
Map Display
application category that deals with graphical information presentation
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4.14
Multilink
ordered aggregation of links which are at the same level, connected in sequence, share the same
functional classification, form of way, direction of travel, and perhaps additional PSF-builder-specified
characteristics, such that each link is contained in exactly one Multilink
4.15
Multi-Modal Travel Service
application category that provides information on a trip from an origin to a destination using alternative
modes of transportation or a combination of transport modes for one trip
Note 1 to entry: This service may include navigation.
4.16
Multi-Modal Travel Support
software application for Multi-Modal Travel Service
4.17
parcel
database partitioning unit, corresponding to a certain coverage area and associated with one level and
containing data of one or more layers
Note 1 to entry: A parcel contains (at least) all nodes with positions enclosed by or located on the outline of its
coverage area plus (parts of) all links attached to these nodes.
Note 2 to entry: It can be partitioned such that the amount of data of one parcel is nearly the same as that of
another.
4.18
place
named area which can be used as part of Address Location
4.19
Point of Interest
POI
destination and/or site of interest to travellers, usually non-commercial by nature
4.20
polygon
2-dimensional type of cartographic feature
4.21
polyline
1-dimensional type of cartographic feature
4.22
positioning
application category that deals with the determination of vehicle location and map-matching
4.23
position-on-the-link
position on the road or road side used to identify the access point between the road network and entrance
or exit of facilities such as station, bus stop and building
4.24
rectangle
unit of geographic space, defined by two parallels of min/max latitude and by two meridians of min/max
longitude, that represents the coverage area of the map data enclosed by or located on the outline of the
rectangle
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4.25
regular parcel
parcel shaped like a rectangle
Note 1 to entry: Regular parcels on the same generalization level are not intended to overlap.
4.26
reverse geocoding
determination of the address description of a link or node (i.e. determination of an upwards path across
the place tree)
4.27
road
GDF level 2 feature composed of one, many or no Road Elements and joining two Intersections, serving
as the smallest independent unit of a road network at GDF level 2
4.28
route
ordered list of route Links, or of stop points respectively, defining a single path through the transport
network, with a direction
4.29
Route Guidance
application category that deals with the generation of graphical, textual, and/or audio instructions for
following a planned route
4.30
route link
oriented link between two route Points defining a unique path through the transport network
4.31
Route Planning
application category that deals with the determination of routes between specified points
4.32
segment
straight section of a link connecting either two successive shape points, or a shape point and a node, or
two nodes in case the link does not contain shape points
4.33
service
data model entity for a commercial activity of interest to travellers as a destination and/or orientation
that is associated with Road Element(s) or place(s), by which it can be accessed
Note 1 to entry: Service is further described by attributes including (at least) name and type; it can be associated
with other services by parent/child relationships (many to many).
Note 2 to entry: Service is used synonymously with POI within the logical data model.
4.34
Service and POI Information Access
application category that deals with the provision of POI information to the navigation application
Note 1 to entry: Services and POI Information Access is one of the eight application categories.
4.35
shape point
position along a link used to more accurately represent its geometric course, bounded by exactly two
segments
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4.36
stop point
position where passengers gets in or off a (public transport) vehicles
4.37
symbol
icon associated with a cartographic feature
5 Symbols (and abbreviated terms)
ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
BSA Basic set of applications
DB Database
GDF Geographic Data File
ITS Intelligent Transport System
ITS-RSU Intelligent Transport System — Road Side Unit
LDM Local Dynamic Map
LDO Logical Data Organization
POI Point Of Interest
PSF Physical Storage Format
6 Requirements
6.1 Introduction
This clause defines application requirements and functional requirements.
6.2 Application requirements
This International Standard supports BSA of cooperative ITS systems, Driving support services, and
navigation services for in-vehicle and Multi-Modal Travel.
BSA of cooperative ITS systems are defined in Annex C. Driving support services are defined in Annex D.
Relationship between BSA of cooperative ITS systems and Driving support services are defined in
Annex E and Multi-Modal Travel services are defined in Annex F.
6.3 Functional requirements
6.3.1 Overview
Six application categories (Map Display, Positioning, route Planning, route Guidance, Service/POI
Information Access and Address Location) for navigation functionality are the same as those defined
in ISO/TS 20452:2007. Cooperative ITS (including driving support) and Multi-Modal Travel Support
functions are newly defined by this International Standard.
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6.3.2 Map Display
6.3.2.1 General description
The Map Display function is used to display a map of a specified geographic area. An application may
display maps to the end-user. The application may also accept end-user input that references the Map
Display (such as from a point and click device).
6.3.2.2 Functional description
An application may display points, features, lines features, areas features, cartographic text and symbols
for a specified geographic area. This may include roads, physical features, administrative boundaries,
and names for all of these. Text and symbols can be positioned on a display to annotate this map.
The Map Display function provides cartographic data that can be used to display a map of any application
specified arbitrarily-oriented rectangle in the database. The data consist of the following database
entities to support a variety of map drawing styles: Cartographic Features, Cartographic Text and
Symbols.
The application may allow the map to be zoomed in or out. The application may display different levels
of detail on a Map Display based on the zoom level. The application may allow the map to be rotated and
scrolled. When scrolling, if detailed data are not available, the application may automatically zoom the
map out to a level where data are available. The application may allow the end-user to access additional
information by selecting objects on the display. The application may display multiple windows.
Generating map images and managing displays are beyond the scope of this function.
To facilitate data access speed, this application groups cartographic data into levels. The higher levels
contain only the more significant cartographic features. The set of cartographic data are also selectable
by level.
6.3.2.3 Requirements for data model
Map Display provides the following methods of accessing data:
R-1. via the Cartographic Features, Cartographic Text and Symbols for an application-specified
rectangle, level and feature type;
R-2. via the coordinates for application-specified Cartographic Features;
R-3. via attributes for Cartographic Features, such as: feature type, name, and functional
classification;
R-4. via the complete or partial Cartographic Features associated with application-specified
Transportation Elements;
R-5. via the area (size) of an application-specified Area Feature;
R-6. via the ability to retrieve additional information for Point, Line and Area Features which are
associated with Cartographic Features which may have been selected from the displayed map;
R-7. via the Cartographic Text associated with a Cartographic Feature;
R-8. via the Symbol associated with a Cartographic Feature;
R-9. via returning the Cartographic Features and Cartographic Text in “draw-order”. For example, if
water is drawn before bridges, water features should be returned before bridge features.
R-10. When no map data are available for an area requested by a function, the function may
distinguish between the case of “off the map” and the case of “no data at this location at this level”.
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R-11. The API shall allow a pre-fetch area of interest to be specified by a rectangle and application
specified level for retrieving Map Display data.
R-12. displays a map at the current location of the navigation system;
R-13. displays a marker on the map indicating the navigation system’s current location;
R-14. scrolls the displayed map as the navigation system moves, maintaining the position of the
marker indicating the navigation system’s current location;
R-15. displays a map at any location selected by the end-user. The end-user may specify the location
as an Address, an Intersection, a service, or by cursor position on the display;
R-16. provides latitude and longitude, street address, and other information for a point indicated by
the cursor on the display;
R-17. highlights a route on the display;
R-18. highlights the point on a displayed map of a particular routing manoeuvre.
R-19. Several levels of data are required for cartographic data, corresponding to different map scale
ranges. At the higher levels, the drawing detail for line features and area features is generalized.
R-20. Access is required for data from all GDF Feature Themes, as well as attributes and conditions.
R-21. Map Display data shall be organized into parcels.
R-22. In order to allow easy identification of parcels, parcels shall be rectangular.
R-23. Links crossing parcel boundaries shall be cut at the parcel boundary.
R-24. In order to minimize the number of parcels accessed, any link crossing into a parcel, with or
without a node or intermediate point in that parcel, shall be represented in that parcel.
6.3.3 Positioning
6.3.3.1 General description
The Positioning function is used to determine vehicle location, for example latitude and longitude of
a road network entity and for Map Matching. Map Matching is the method of determining where the
navigation system has moved in the road network based on the navigation system’s previous location
and data about the navigation system’s motion from external inputs. It corrects the geo-localization on
the routes.
6.3.3.2 Functional description
“Positioning” seeks a position and orientation of a navigation system relative to the transportation
network with respect to the map data representing the real world. An application may dynamically
determine the navigation system’s current position while the navigation system is in motion. Map
Matching can continue “in the background” even while other functions are being performed so the
navigation system always “knows where it is”, with an accuracy depending on the map-matching. Map
Matching algorithms are beyond the scope of this document.
6.3.3.3 Requirements for data model
For the purpose of Positioning, the following functions shall be provided:
R-25. a single set of coordinates for an application-specified Point Feature in the Roads and Ferries
theme;
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R-26. the set of Edges, Nodes and/or Intermediate Points for an application-specified Feature or set
of connected Features in the Roads and Ferries theme;
R-27. the set of topologically connected Features in the Roads and Ferries Theme connected to an
application specified Feature in the Roads and Ferries theme;
R-28. a single set of coordinates for an application-specified Line Feature in the Roads and Ferries
theme and application-specified percentage of the distance along the Feature;
R-29. the set of Features, Edges, Nodes and/or Intermediate Points in the Roads and Ferries theme
within an application-specified rectangle;
R-30. Positioning related Attributes, Conditions and Relationships (i.e. Prohibited Manoeuvres,
Direction of Traffic Flow) for an application-specified Feature in the Roads and Ferries theme;
R-31. the entry and exit angles for the set of Transportation Elements connected to an application-
specified Intersection or junction;
R-32. this International Standard shall support a single, world-wide, latitude/longitude-based
coordinate reference system. The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) is chosen
because it is maintained by an international body. It is considered equivalent to WGS84 because the
two systems currently have less than 1 m difference;
R-33. only one coordinate system can be used in a single piece of storage media;
R-34. when an application tracks progress along the route and provides manoeuvre instructions at
appropriate points to the end-user;
R-35. when an application determines whether the navigation system has left the planned route;
R-36. when an application calculates a route to the requested destination from the navigation
system’s current position;
R-37. when an application scrolls the displayed map;
R-38. when an application selects services by geographic proximity;
R-39. when an application is displaying the navigation system’s position on a map;
R-40. when an application displays a map around a location relative to the navigation system’s
current position;
R-41. Positioning may receive planned route
...