IEC TR 63122-1:2019

IEC TR 63122-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-12
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Smart television –
Part 1: Conceptual model for smart television
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IEC TR 63122-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-12
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Smart television –
Part 1: Conceptual model for smart television

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.160.25 ISBN 978-2-8322-7694-5

– 2 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 General features . 8
4.1 Framework of smart television system. 8
4.2 Smart television terminal . 10
4.2.1 Hardware . 10
4.2.2 Software . 10
4.3 Characteristics . 11
4.3.1 Human-machine interaction . 11
4.3.2 Multi-screen interaction . 12
4.3.3 Security mechanism . 12
5 Application scenarios of smart television . 14
5.1 Digital TV broadcast . 14
5.1.1 Digital TV . 14
5.1.2 EPG . 14
5.1.3 HbbTV . 14
5.2 Internet-based application . 14
5.2.1 General . 14
5.2.2 Daily life information . 14
5.2.3 Online audio/video service . 15
5.2.4 E-commerce . 15
5.2.5 Social application . 15
5.2.6 Video communications service . 15
5.2.7 Online information search . 15
5.2.8 Online education. 15
5.2.9 Cloud storage . 15
5.2.10 Community living service . 15
5.2.11 Health service. 15
5.2.12 Smart home service . 16
5.2.13 Games . 16
5.3 Local application . 16
5.4 Application store . 16
5.4.1 Function description . 16
5.4.2 Cloud application-management system . 16
5.4.3 Terminal application management software . 17
Annex A (informative) Comparative study on existing smart television technologies . 18
Annex B (informative) Essential features . 20
B.1 General . 20
B.2 Connection . 20
B.3 N-screen technology . 20
B.3.1 Wi-Fi Direct™ . 20
B.3.2 DLNA . 21
B.4 Human-machine interaction technology . 21

Annex C (informative) Smart television platforms and solutions . 22
C.1 HbbTV . 22
C.2 Android TV . 23
C.3 tvOS . 23
C.4 Open webOS . 24
C.5 Tizen . 24
C.6 Linux (embedded operation system). 24
C.7 Apple TV . 25
Annex D (informative) Media profile . 26
Bibliography . 27

Figure 1 – Block diagram of smart television system . 9
Figure 2 – Block diagram of smart television terminal . 11

– 4 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SMART TELEVISION –
Part 1: Conceptual model for smart television

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data
of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC TR 63122-1, which is a technical report, has been prepared by subcommittee TA 1:
terminals for audio, video and data services and contents, of IEC technical committee 100:
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
100/2903/DTR 100/3053/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

A list of all parts in the IEC 63122 series, published under the general title Smart television, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 6 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 63122 discusses the background of cloud computing, the Internet, the mobile
Internet industry, the principle of open innovation, the vertical integration of the industry chain,
technology and encourages the digital TV (television) industry to seize the opportunity to
upgrade and strengthen innovation in smart television technology. The innovations of business
models and institutional mechanisms will be explored, and we will explain how acceleration is
needed to broaden the application market and put forward the concept of smart television
models and standardization needs.
The reception of digital TV and high-definition broadcasting in the home has recently been well
established for various areas. Internet TV and delivery of multimedia content to the user at home,
via the Internet, are also becoming increasingly common.
Smart television systems are intended to extend the reach of multimedia content to the TV set in
a seamless, viewer-friendly manner. The viewer can more conveniently access both broadcast
digital content and Internet multimedia content on a TV set using a single user-interface device
and a single on-screen interface.
There are three major key factors leading smart television development. Lifestyle changes from
the user side, the building of network infrastructure according to the rapid development of wired
and wireless networks, and the emergence of TV alternatives.
An individualized lifestyle accelerates personalization and customization of contents, and the
experience from other smart electronic devices drives the user to long for the smart television as
the core of entertainment at home.
The rapid development of high-speed Internet access and the emergence of home network
techniques assigning an IP address to electronic devices will make TV smarter.
In addition, the market requires a change from TV to smart television because of the emergence
of TV alternatives, such as the tablet, the smartphone and the media player.

SMART TELEVISION –
Part 1: Conceptual model for smart television

1 Scope
The focus of this part of IEC 63122 is the conceptual definition of smart television, basic features,
use cases and current technologies based on applications and requirements. They make it clear
where further existing standards can be used and highlight where work on standards is needed.
In addition, this document was developed taking into account ISO/IEC Guide 71. The objective
of this document is to highlight potential areas for standardisation for smart televisions.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
smart television system
television system consisting of a smart television service platform, transmission network and
smart television terminal
3.2
smart television service platform
service platform that is capable of providing smart television terminal with such applications or
services as digital TV broadcast or Internet service
Note 1 to entry: The services could be VOD, catch-up, games, web searches, interactive advertising,
personalization, voting, social networking, etc.
3.3
transmission network
network for interactive data transmission in smart television systems, which includes the home
network (family local network), radio and television broadcasting network, the Internet, and
other networks (i.e. accident or secure private network)
3.4
smart television terminal
digital television set (TV set and set-top box) with integrated Internet capability and an operating
system, which can use a variety of contents through services by using a convenient user
interface/experience
Note 1 to entry: Usually, smart televisions allow the user to install and run more advanced applications or
plug-ins/add-ons based on a specific platform.

– 8 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
3.5
smart television set
TV set that supports smart television terminal function, capability and audio/video presentation
function
3.6
smart television set top box
set top box that supports smart television terminal function, capability and without audio/video
presentation function
3.7
application store
online store for purchasing and downloading software applications for smart televisions and
other smart devices
3.8
health service
diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease, illness, injury and other physical and mental
impairments in human beings though smart television system
3.9
application programming interface
API
set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications
3.10
NGB
next generation broadcasting network
network constructed on the basis of achievements of cable television digitalization and mobile
multimedia broadcasting and with support of its innovative core technology of
"high-performance broadband information network", integrated "triple-play", combining wired
with wireless modes and a network
4 General features
4.1 Framework of smart television system
The framework of the smart television system is shown in Figure 1, based on the study of
existing smart television technologies, described in Annex A.

Smart television
service platform
Radio and
television
Internet Other network
broadcasting
network
Home network
Video/audio Property
entertainment management
device device
Transmission
network
Smart television Smart television
Health
Smart
set set top box
service
Appliance
device
Smart television Terminal
smart television system
IEC
Key
Smart television service platform: radio and television broadcasting stations, Internet or other network sites,
application stores, etc.
Transmission network: radio and television broadcasting networks, Internet and other networks, etc.
Smart television terminal: smart television set, smart television set top box, video game console with TV
tuner and video recorder with TV tuner, etc.
Smart appliance: refrigerator, washer, etc.
Video/audio entertainment device: sound system, MP3, MP4, personal tablet, laptop, etc.
Health service device: blood glucose meter, pulse monitor, blood pressure monitor, etc;
Property management device: remote meter reading, access control and video camera, etc.
Figure 1 – Block diagram of smart television system
The smart television service platform incorporates various application links of TV programmes
and network service into the TV programme stream, EPG or network information stream and
transmits them to the smart television terminal through the transmission network channel via a
home network or other network. The smart television service platform also pushes various
application links and network services relating to TV programmes through different channels
synchronously.
In addition to the conventional watching of live digital TV programming and Internet TV
programmes, the smart television terminal also realizes a seamless connection between TV
media and social media, thereby allowing user interaction in a convenient and quick manner.
With such means as application stores, a smart television terminal offers search, news, weather,
music, video, games, photos, video calls, shopping, chatting, multi-screen interaction and
advertising information relating to current live content.

– 10 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
By interconnection with other smart devices, smart television terminals may realize extended
application in such fields as smart appliance, audio/video entertainment, health service and
property management.
4.2 Smart television terminal
4.2.1 Hardware
Smart television hardware configurations have been greatly improved in order to meet rising
consumer entertainment enjoyment expectations and the demand of smoothly operating smart
televisions. Expected specifications include a dual-core CPU processor 1,5 GHz or higher, more
than 2 GB of memory, a peripheral SD card slot supporting memory expansion in the form of an
SD card of 2 GB to 32 GB, soft codecs and hard codecs providing a variety of codecs such as
MPEG.x and H.26x, and support for multiple resolutions from QVGA to 8Kx4K (UHDTV).
A smart television terminal shall be provided with a supported hardware capacity.
Generally, smart television terminal hardware consists of a central computing unit, a storage
unit, a signal input interface unit, a signal output interface unit and a display:
• central computing unit: includes CPU and GPU, video decoder supporting formats such as
HEVC, MPEG2, MPEG4, H.264, AVS, and audio decoder supporting formats such as MP3,
AAC, AC-3, WMA9, DRA;
• storage unit: includes RAM, ROM, HDD, SSD, etc.;
• signal input interface unit: used to receive digital TV and radio signals, or receive IP signals
through the Internet, LAN or other network;
• signal output interface unit: used to output audio/video signals through a digital interface or
an audio interface;
• display: used to present video content.
4.2.2 Software
4.2.2.1 Software block diagram
Smart television terminal software consists of a hardware layer, a kernel driver layer, a smart
television adapting layer, a smart television framework layer and a smart television application
layer, as shown in Figure 2.
Generally, a smart television terminal operation system consists of a kernel driver layer, a smart
television adapting layer and a smart television framework layer.

Smart television application layer
Smart television framework layer
Smart television adapting layer
Kernel driver layer
Hardware layer
IEC
Key
Hardware layer: consists of central processing unit, storage unit, signal input interface unit and
signal output interface unit
Kernel driver layer: adopts the Linux kernel applicable to TV Framework. Core system services of
smart television operation system, such as memory management, process
management, network protocol framework, system security, file system and
other infrastructure, come from a Linux kernel. In addition, relevant device
drivers also come from a Linux kernel.
Smart television adapting layer: located between the smart television framework layer and the kernel driver
layer, the adapting layer is capable of supporting different hardware platforms,
including I/O devices, sensors, cameras, A/V modules, displays, networs and
multimedia and other interfaces, facilitating the migration of the operating
system to different hardware platforms
Smart television framework layer: offers a system library for applications running in the application layer
framework
Smart television application layer: offers a scalable application interface for use by third-party developers
Figure 2 – Block diagram of smart television terminal
4.2.2.2 Smart television operation system
A smart television operation system is a software system set running in the TV hardware
environment, controlling the operation of other programs and offering an interactive operating
interface for users in the upper side, and providing an interactive standard for bottom hardware
and supporting different devices in the lower side. It is mainly responsible for basic tasks, such
as managing and configuring memory, determining the priority for the supply and demand of
system resources, controlling I/O devices, and operating the network and management file
systems.
4.2.2.3 Application layer software
The application layer of smart television contains user-oriented application software with
different functions. Most application layer software is developed and realized based on
application interfaces provided in the framework layer. Application layer software may be
installed, upgraded and uninstalled by the user.
4.3 Characteristics
4.3.1 Human-machine interaction
Human-machine interaction refers to a process during which the user completes a smart
television terminal operation and information exchange through operating an interactive device
or recognition technology incidental to a smart television terminal.
Smart television terminal operation and information exchange includes two categories, i.e.
conventional television function and smart application.

– 12 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
Conventional television functions include receiving and operating digital TV/radio, such as
auto/manual channel search, signal selection, channel switching, sound control.
Human-machine interaction incidental to smart television terminal includes facial recognition,
voice recognition, gesture recognition and somatosensory recognition, etc. More essential
features of smart televisions are shown in Annex B.
Interactive devices include, but are not limited to, the following categories: remote controls,
keyboards, mice, joysticks and wearable devices.
Interaction techniques include, but are not limited to, the following categories:
• facial: also known as face recognition, a biometric identification technology; refers to a
technology that uses an external device, such as a camera, to acquire visual feature
information of faces for identification;
• gesture recognition: refers to a technique that uses mathematical algorithms to analyze
movements of various parts of a human (generally face and hands) captured by an external
camera and, in combination with the current software environment, determine the intent of a
user and execute the corresponding operations;
• voice recognition: refers to a technique that allows the machine to convert the voice signal
into corresponding text or command through a recognition and understanding process;
• somatosensory interaction: a technique that conducts interaction through capturing and
identifying human movements and expressions;
• touch interaction: touch control for smart television refers to the interactive application that
allows the user to touch, click and slide directly on the TV screen to complete the control of
smart television.
4.3.2 Multi-screen interaction
Multi-screen interaction refers to a series of operations including transmission, sharing,
resolution, display and control of multimedia (video, audio, picture and text, etc.) content
between different multimedia terminal devices, such as mobile phone, tablet, smart television
terminal and computers through interconnection protocols for cable or wireless network.
Multi-screen interaction technology may allow the user to share the contents between multiple
devices. For instance, a film on a mobile phone may be played on a smart television terminal and
controlled through the mobile phone; a picture on a tablet may be displayed synchronously on a
smart television terminal or other smart devices; the content being presented on a smart
television terminal may be synchronized to a mobile phone, a tablet or other smart devices for
playing and to control switching; a simulated remote control such as a mobile phone or a tablet
may be used to realize such functions as controlling and inputting text on a smart television
terminal.
4.3.3 Security mechanism
4.3.3.1 Overview
Security mechanisms involved in smart television mainly include system security, application
security, payment security and content security.
4.3.3.2 System security
System security refers to the security mechanism used in smart television terminal hardware,
firmware and system software for safeguarding normal operation of the terminal system and
offering the necessary security support for application software.

Typical system security mechanisms include: software encryption/decryption engine, safe
storage of information, trusted execution environment, safe starting, root of trust for storage,
root of trust for authentication, application source authentication, application installation
management and control, authority management, system log, security service, security service
application interface and system security upgrade.
4.3.3.3 Application security
Application security involves two levels, i.e. behaviour security and transaction security. For the
former, the application cannot, during execution, cause any damage to a smart television
terminal system, other applications on the terminal and other devices in the network by utilizing
its own error or malicious code. Malicious codes contained in the application, such as viruses,
trojans and worms, as well as misuse of terminal authority by the application, are the main
causes for behaviour security vulnerabilities. Conducting security testing before an application
is released to the application store for user download is an important means for the prevention
of such security issues.
Application transaction security refers to security protection measures adopted by application
developers for protecting specific transactions contained in the application as developed. Such
security measures are used to satisfy the requirements of transaction flows and transaction data
for confidentiality and integrity, such as the username password mechanism, data encryption
transmission and storage mechanism. The security of the application transaction largely
depends upon the system security mechanism of the terminal.
4.3.3.4 Payment security
In a narrow sense, payment security refers to the security of various types of payment
application software, affiliated with application security. Various types of application software
with payment functions (mainly including third-party payment, e-commerce, group buying,
wealth planning, banking, etc.) often adopt multiple security measures to safeguard the payment
transaction flow and data security and prevent consumers’ personal payment information from
being embezzled. Common security measures include username, password, real-time SMS
verification code, USB token, digital certificate and running environment testing. In a broad
sense, payment security requires that any unnecessary loss cannot be caused to personal
financial information and assets before, during and after the payment process.
4.3.3.5 Content security
The content security mechanism is mainly used to prevent unauthorized use of digital
audio/video content on smart television terminals. At present, the content security mechanism
adopted for smart television terminals mainly consists of conditional receiving of digital TV, DRM
and digital interface content protection.
The conditional receiving technique is used in the digital TV broadcast system. Once the service
platform of broadcast system encrypts the MPEG transmission flow, conditional receiving
system will safely transmit the encryption key to the terminal, which, following the obtainment of
the encryption key, will then conduct decryption and decoding. The conditional receiving
technique for the terminal may be realized through a smart card solution, a card-free solution or
a machine-card separation solution.
The DRM technique is mainly used in a two-way network. The DRM system often consists of a
front-end content encryption module, a front-end licence issue module and a terminal decryption
module. Compared with the conditional receiving technique, the DRM technique may allow a
much finer authorization of content use (i.e. playing times and playing timeline).
The digital interface content protection technique is used to prevent the attacker from
intercepting the audio/video content at the terminal digital interface, often using data encryption.

– 14 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
5 Application scenarios of smart television
5.1 Digital TV broadcast
5.1.1 Digital TV
Smart television allows the user to watch the TV programmes through the broadcast system.
The broadcast system can transmit live programme broadcasts, time-shifted broadcasts,
on-demand broadcasts and play back programmes, etc.
Live broadcast refers to a technique to receive audio/video streams broadcast by the smart
television platform in a real-time manner for watching. According to the resolution of the video
source, live broadcasts may be divided into standard resolution, high resolution and ultra-high
resolution, etc.
Time-shifted broadcast combines storage and real-time streams cache to realize seamless
integration of recording broadcasts and live broadcasts. In the current channel, a user may
choose bitrate and time-point to watch the programme right before the current timing and switch
to a live broadcast state at any time in a time-shifted broadcast mode.
An on-demand broadcast refers to a video interaction transaction that allows the front-end of
smart television to broadcast and push a programme at a designated time-point. It adopts a
real-time stream transmission protocol/real-time transmission protocol to realize such controls
as play, pause and forward/back of the video programme.
Playback is an on-demand broadcast transaction of a live programme source. Using the play
on-demand principle, it records the live program in the service platform of smart television to
allow the user to control the broadcast.
5.1.2 EPG
The EPG provides a simple and convenient operation interface for the use of a smart television
application. With the EPG, the user can see the information on the programme, including
programme name, channel, broadcast time, programme details, etc.
5.1.3 HbbTV
HbbTV can show digital television content from a number of different sources including
traditional broadcast TV, the Internet, and connected devices in the home. Services delivered
through HbbTV include enhanced teletext, catch-up services, video-on-demand, EPGs,
interactive advertising, personalisation, voting, games, social networking, and other multimedia
applications.
5.2 Internet-based application
5.2.1 General
Internet-based application refers to an information resource that the smart television terminal
needs to acquire through the Internet or other network when the user uses the application.
Typical Internet-based applications for smart televisions cover such information as news,
on-demand broadcast of audio/video, e-commerce, social media, visualized communications,
search, online education, cloud storage, community business services, health services, smart
applications and games. See Annex C for more information. Considerations concerning the
media profile are introduced in Annex D.
5.2.2 Daily life information
Digital information provided by the media, once subject to display adaptation through image
processing technology, may be acquired by the user on a smart television terminal. Such
information includes digital newspapers, real-time news, weather information and advertising.

5.2.3 Online audio/video service
Online audio/video service providers transmit the audio/video data chosen by the user to the
smart television terminal via the Internet or other network according to the command of the user.
Such applications include live broadcasts, on-demand broadcasts, searches and previews.
5.2.4 E-commerce
E-commerce applications allow the user to complete the procurement of commodities or
services online through a smart television terminal. E-commerce applications often include
commodity classification, commodity display, commodity comparison, shopping cart, orders,
delivery address, etc.
5.2.5 Social application
Social applications migrate social tools such as instant messaging software and microblogs to a
smart television terminal, and adapt smart television terminals, thereby extending the
interaction functions of smart television terminals and other smart terminals.
5.2.6 Video communications service
The video communications service allows video calls between smart television terminals or
between smart television terminals and other terminals.
5.2.7 Online information search
Search functions includes text, picture, voice and video search, allowing the user to rapidly
search local or remote information that needs to be acquired.
5.2.8 Online education
Smart television online education refers to remote education that is offered by access to the
Internet or other networks through smart television terminals. Online education can be realized
in the following forms: online classroom, courseware browsing, online reading, exam trends,
employment guidance and online textbooks, etc.
5.2.9 Cloud storage
With cloud service applications offered by smart television terminals, a user may acquire cloud
storage and cloud albums from cloud service providers. The user may search or play on cloud
and carry out such operations as backup, sharing and deletion.
5.2.10 Community living service
Smart television terminals may be connected to the property management centre of a residential
area to offer, through the application platform provided by the property management centre,
information on surrounding stores and promotional information of surrounding stores, and
delivering such functions as online inquiries, payment of utilities and property management fees,
shopping delivery services, catering bookings and making reservations.
5.2.11 Health service
A smart television terminal can be connected to a blood glucose meter, a pulse monitor and a
blood pressure monitor via an external interface, and monitor or manage the health condition of
a user through connection with the Internet or other network or health service centre. Health
service applications may offer many services, such as regular reminders, health condition
supervision, health worker communication, emergency response and emergency calls.

– 16 – IEC TR 63122-1:2019 © IEC 2019
5.2.12 Smart home service
Smart television terminals can connect to other smart appliances to form a home network with
the television as the core. The user may control different home appliances, such as the washing
machine, the refrigerator and the air conditioner through the smart television terminal, and
deliver smart living services including log information storage, cloud data analysis and
recommendation push through cloud storage and cloud computing technology.
5.2.13 Games
Smart television terminals may run sports, education, chess, fighting and social games through
various human-machine interaction means.
5.3 Local application
Local applications refer to application programs that are installed and run on smart television
terminals locally and may offer such functions as local media playing, standalone games, text
processing, file management and local setting without access to external networks.
5.4 Application store
5.4.1 Function description
An application store is an application that runs on smart television terminals relying on a cloud
application management system and offering a range of third-party software for smart
televisions. The user can browse, purchase and download application programs in the
application store and install such programs on the smart television terminal, thereby
continuously extending various functions of the smart television terminal.
An application store generally includes two parts: a cloud application management system and
smart television terminal application-management software.
5.4.2 Cloud application-management system
A cloud application-management system is mainly used for various functions for each
application uploaded by every developer, including security scanning, legality review,
adaptation and stability testing, application management, application arrangement, smart
recommendation, smart search and account and payment management.
• Security scanning: once an application is uploaded by the developer, the system will
automatically scan whether the application contains viruses or advertising, whether the
application's name or description contains any sensitive word that is not allowed by the
system.
• Legality review: it carries out a legality review over the application as uploaded, including:
whether the application complies with laws and regulations or contains any pornographic or
illegal content, whether the screenshot or icon of the application is clear and follows the
format requirements.
• Adaptation and stabil
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