CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019

CISPR 16-2-3 ®
Edition 4.0 2019-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE

COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Radiated
disturbance measurements
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l’immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 2-3: Méthodes de mesure des perturbations et de l'immunité – Mesurages
des perturbations rayonnées
CISPR 16-2-3:2016-09/AMD1:2019-06(en-fr)

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CISPR 16-2-3 ®
Edition 4.0 2019-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE

COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM

AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and

methods –
Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Radiated

disturbance measurements
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations

radioélectriques et de l’immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –

Partie 2-3: Méthodes de mesure des perturbations et de l'immunité – Mesurages

des perturbations rayonnées
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-6524-6

– 2 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee A: Radio-interference
measurements and statistical methods.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
CISPR/A/1278/FDIS CISPR/A/1283/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
_____________
INTRODUCTION
Amendment of CISPR 16-2-3 regarding EUT volume specifications for radiated disturbance
measurements depending on test method and on measurement distance
2 Normative references
Replace the undated reference to CISPR 16-4-2 by the following:
CISPR 16-4-2:2011 , Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-2: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Measurement
instrumentation uncertainty
CISPR 16-4-2:2011/AMD1:2014
CISPR 16-4-2:2011/AMD2:2018
__________
A consolidated version of this publication exists, comprising CISPR 16-4-2:2011, CISPR 16-4-
2:2011/AMD1:2014 and CISPR 16-4-2:2011/AMD2:2018.

© IEC 2019
Replace the dated reference to CISPR 16-1-4 by the following:
CISPR 16-1-4:2018, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Antennas
and test sites for radiated disturbance measurements
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
absorber-lined OATS/SAC
Add the following note:
Note 1 to entry: CISPR 16-1-4 uses the analogous term free-space open-area test site (FSOATS).
3.1.9
common-mode absorption device
Replace the existing source by the following:
[SOURCE: CISPR 16-1-4:2018, 3.1.7]
3.1.16
loop-antenna system
LAS
Replace the existing term by the following new term and new abbreviation (the definition does
not change):
large loop-antenna system
LLAS
The instruction to replace the existing Note to entry only applies to the French language.
Add, after the existing term and definition 3.1.28, the following new terms and definitions:
3.1.29
compliance test site
COMTS
environment that assures valid, reproducible measurement results of the disturbance field
strength from equipment under test for comparison to a compliance limit
3.1.30
far-field region
region of the electromagnetic field of a radiating EUT or antenna where the predominant
components of the field represent a propagation of energy and where the radiation pattern is
essentially independent of the distance from the radiating EUT or antenna
Note 1 to entry: In the far-field region, all the components of the electromagnetic field change with an inverse
proportion to the distance from the radiating EUT or antenna.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-712:1992 [14], 712-02-02, modified – Replacement of "far field region"
by "far-field region" in the term itself, replacement of "antenna" by "radiating EUT or antenna",
replacement of "angular field distribution" by "radiation pattern" and deletion of Note 2 to
entry.]
3.1.31
near-field effect
deviation of the field propagation from far-field propagation
Note 1 to entry: The near-field effect occurs in the zone close to the EUT where reactive (non-radiating) field-
strength components exist. Although not contributing to far-field radiation, they are real measurable field strengths.

– 4 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
Note 2 to entry: A criterion can be set to limit the deviation from far-field propagation, e.g. 1 dB. If E and E are
1 2
field-strength levels in dB(µV/m) at distances d and d from an EUT, then e.g. the following inequality describes
1 2
the criterion: (20lg(d /d ) − 1 dB) ≤ (E − E ) ≤ (20lg(d /d ) + 1 dB), which can be reduced to −1 dB ≤ [(E – E ) −
2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2
20lg(d /d )] ≤ 1 dB, where (E – E ) ≥ 6 dB.
2 1 1 2
3.1.32
test volume
validated volume within a test facility in which an EUT may be positioned
Note 1 to entry: Validation procedures in CISPR 16-1-4 are used to determine the test volume.
Note 2 to entry: The test volume as defined in this document is cylindrical in shape. Different test volume shapes
have been defined in other documents, e.g. in a cubic form in IEC 61000-4-20 (TEM waveguides).
3.1.33
EUT volume
cylinder defined by EUT boundary diameter and height that fully encompasses all portions of
the actual EUT, including cable racks and 1,6 m of cable length (for 30 MHz to 1 GHz), or
0,3 m of cable length (for 1 GHz and above)
Note 1 to entry: The test volume is one of several criteria limiting the EUT volume.
Note 2 to entry: The EUT volume has a diameter D (boundary diameter) and a height h.
3.1.34
protection distance
distance between the source of a radiated disturbance and the victim receiver at the edge-of-
service area used for the derivation of a specific CISPR radiated disturbance limit
Note 1 to entry: The edge-of-service area is defined by the minimum value of the wanted field strength of a radio
service or application derived from ITU-R specifications.
Note 2 to entry: This definition can vary in other publications, when conducted disturbances are concerned.
Note 3 to entry: Every limit has an associated protection distance; the protection distance can vary with frequency.
3.1.35
small EUT
equipment under test, including its cables, either positioned on a tabletop or standing on the
floor, that fits in a cylindrical volume of 1,5 m (2,0 m) in diameter and 1,5 m (2,0 m) in height
measured from the floor with a measurement distance of 3 m (5 m) at an OATS/SAC
3.2 Abbreviated terms
Delete from the existing list the abbreviation “RGP”.
Add to the existing list the following new abbreviations:
AF Antenna factor
FSOATS free-space OATS
GP ground plane
HPBW Half-power beamwidth
RE radiated emission
RI radiated immunity
6.2.2 Compliance (conformity assessment) testing
st
Replace in the 1 sentence “test site” by “compliance test site (COMTS)”
6.4.1.1 General
Replace in the existing twelfth paragraph the abbreviation “RGP” by “GP”.

© IEC 2019
6.4.1.2 Tabletop arrangement
Replace in the existing third paragraph the abbreviation “RGP” by “GP”.
6.4.1.3 Floor-standing arrangement
Replace in the existing first three paragraphs the abbreviation “RGP” by “GP”.
6.4.1.4 Combinations of tabletop and floor-standing equipment arrangement
Replace in this subclause the abbreviation “RGP” by “GP”.
7.1 Introductory remarks
Replace the existing title by the following new title:
7.1 General
Replace the existing content of this subclause (including Table 3), by the following new 7.1.1,
and 7.1.2:
7.1.1 General remarks and overview of test methods
Clause 7 sets forth the general procedures for the measurement of the field strength of radio
disturbance produced by devices and systems. Most experience with radiated disturbance
measurements exists for OATS/SAC with 10 m distance in the frequency range 30 MHz to
1 000 MHz. In this frequency range this is therefore called the established test method to
which other test methods are compared regarding the level of radio protection (see also
CISPR TR 16-4-5). The effects of leads and cables associated with the EUT in terms of length,
layout, and termination shall be taken into account (see Garbe and Battermann [21], Garbe
[22]). Table 8 provides a summary list of CISPR radiated disturbance test sites and
measurement methods, and the related cross-references to subclauses within this document
or to other documents. Tables 9, 10, 11 and 12 provide information on maximum EUT
volumes associated with the various measurement methods. Background on the criteria for
EUT volumes is given in Annex F.
For some products, it can be required to measure the electric field strength, the magnetic field
strength, or both components of the radiated disturbance. Sometimes a measurement of a
quantity related to radiated power is more appropriate. Normally measurements should be
made of both the horizontal and vertical components of the disturbance relative to the
installation floor or ground plane. The results of measurements of either the electric field-
strength component or magnetic field-strength component may be expressed in peak, quasi-
peak, average, or rms-average values.
The magnetic field-strength component of a disturbance is normally measured at frequencies
up to 30 MHz. In magnetic field-strength measurements, only the horizontal component of the
field at the position of the receive antenna is measured when using the distant single antenna
procedure. If an LLAS is used, the three orthogonal magnetic dipole moments of the EUT are
measured.
NOTE 1 In the magnetic field-strength measurement method using a distant single antenna (e.g. 60 cm loop
antenna), the horizontal components of the field at the position of the antenna are determined by the horizontal and
vertical dipole moments of the EUT.
NOTE 2 A future amendment to this document (CISPR 16-2-3/AMD2 ) is under consideration for modifying the
magnetic field-strength measurement method such that measurements of all three orthogonal components (using
three orthogonal positions of a single receive antenna) will be required for measurement distances of 3 m and 5 m,
__________
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: CISPR/CDM 16-2-3/AMD2:2018.

– 6 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
whereas the present measurement method (where only the horizontal components of the field strength are
measured) will continue to be used for larger measurement distances.
Table 8 – Applicable frequency ranges and document references
for CISPR radiated disturbance test sites and measurement methods
Site / method 9 kHz to 30 MHz 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz 1 GHz to 18 GHz
Outdoor site tbd 7.3.8 n/a
LLAS 7.2 n/a n/a
OATS or SAC tbd 7.3 n/a
FAR n/a 7.4 7.6
7.5
Common RE/RI n/a n/a
(RI starts 80 MHz)
Absorber-lined n/a n/a 7.6
OATS/SAC
In situ 7.7.2 7.7.3, 7.7.4.2 7.7.3, 7.7.4.3
Substitution method n/a 7.8 7.8
Reverberation chamber n/a 7.9 7.9
(Starts 80 MHz)
TEM waveguide IEC 61000-4-20 7.10 7.10
n/a = not applicable; tbd = to be determined or is under consideration

7.1.2 Overview of maximum EUT volumes depending on measurement method,
frequency range, and measurement distance
7.1.2.1 Frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz
a) Maximum EUT dimensions for large-loop antenna system (LLAS) measurements are listed
in Table 9.
It is recommended to use a 3 m LLAS for 1,6 m < EUT dimensions ≤ 2,4 m, and to use a
4 m LLAS for 2,4 m < EUT dimensions ≤ 3,2 m.
Table 9 – Maximum EUT dimensions for different LLAS diameters,
9 kHz to 30 MHz
LLAS diameter 2 m 3 m 4 m
a
EUT dimension 1,6 m 2,4 m 3,2 m
a
The specified EUT dimension applies for the diameter of a sphere that fully
encompasses the EUT; e.g. for an EUT in the form of a cube, the maximum cube
side length for a 2 m LLAS will be (1,6 m)/√3 = 0,92 m; for a 3 m LLAS:
(2,4 m)/√3 = 1,39 m; and for a 4 m LLAS: (3,2 m)/√3 = 1,85 m. These maximum
EUT dimensions are the same as specified in CISPR 16-1-4.

b) Recommended maximum EUT dimensions for an OATS/SAC or an outdoor site are listed
in Table 10.
NOTE At present this document does not include a measurement method for magnetic field strength using a
distant single antenna (e.g. 60 cm loop antenna), so these recommended EUT dimensions apply for product
standards containing limits for magnetic field strength, e.g. CISPR 11.

© IEC 2019
Table 10 – Recommended maximum EUT-volume diameter D (in m) and height h (in m),
OATS/SAC and outdoor site, 9 kHz to 30 MHz
Measurement distance 3 m 5 m 10 m 30 m
a b b d
D by h at OATS/SAC 1,5 by 1,5 2,0 by 2,0 5,0 by 4,0 15 by 4,0
c b b d
D by h at outdoor site 1,5 by 1,5 2,0 by 2,0 5,0 by 4,0 15 by 4,0
a
Test site specifications and validation methods for OATS/SAC are under
development.
b
EUT volumes less than or equal to those for d = 3 m (5 m) are small EUTs, as
defined in 3.1.35. Disturbance limits for larger EUTs can be defined for these
distances taking the EUT volume diameter into account (see e.g. [18]). Work is in
progress to define conditions for medium-sized EUT volumes.
c
An outdoor site is a non-validated test site without a conducting ground plane.
d
The EUT diameter for 30 m is proportional to the diameters for 3 m and 10 m. The
distance of 30 m is regarded as a protection distance, where any EUT volume that
is encompassed by the receive antenna beamwidth is acceptable. This table
includes the 30 m distance because it is specified in CISPR 11, regardless that an
associated validation method is not available or in preparation for the frequency
range 9 kHz to 30 MHz. EUT height is limited to 4 m, because heights greater than
4 m are not practically needed.

c) Maximum EUT dimensions in a TEM waveguide are as follows.
The usable test volume is 0,6W by 0,6L by 0,33H, where W = the (average) septum width,
H = the (average) septum height, and L = z – z , i.e. the region where the TEM mode
max min
requirements are fulfilled (see IEC 61000-4-20). The EUT volume is limited by the test
volume.
7.1.2.2 Frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
a) Maximum EUT dimensions for an OATS/SAC and a FAR are listed in Table 11.
Table 11 – Maximum EUT-volume diameter D (in m) and height h (in m),
OATS/SAC and FAR, 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
Measurement distance 3 m 5 m 10 m 30 m
a a
D by h at OATS/SAC 1,5 by 1,5 2,0 by 2,0 5,0 by 4,0 15 by 4,0
b b
D by h in FAR 1,5 by 1,5 2,0 by 2,0 3,0 by 3,0 -
NOTE EUT volumes less than or equal to those for d = 3 m (5 m) are small EUTs as defined in 3.1.35.
Work is in progress to define conditions for medium-sized EUT volumes.
a
For an OATS/SAC, the EUT volume at 10 m and 30 m distances is a recommendation only because
these distances may be regarded as protection distances, where any EUT volume that is
encompassed by the receive antenna beamwidth is accepted, provided that the test volume fulfils the
validation criteria.
b
Table 14 of CISPR 16-1-4 specifies maximum diameters and heights of the EUT volume for radiated
disturbance measurements in a FAR as 1,5 m, 2,5 m, and 5 m for measurement distances d = 3 m, 5
m, and 10 m, respectively. The reason why the maximum EUT dimensions are less than 2,5 m and 5
m at d = 5 m and 10 m, respectively, is mainly due to the near-field effect and the fact that a FAR is
an alternative test site.
b) Maximum EUT dimensions in a TEM waveguide are as follows.
The usable test volume is 0,6w by 0,6L by 0,33h. For definitions of w, L, and h, see
7.1.2.1 c).
c) Maximum EUT dimensions in a reverberation chamber (RC) are as follows.
At the lowest usable frequency of an RC, the EUT shall be at least λ/4 away from the
chamber walls. Additional space is required for the tuner/stirrer and for the transmit
antenna and receive antenna; see IEC 61000-4-21 for details.

– 8 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
7.1.2.3 Frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz
a) Recommended maximum EUT dimensions for an absorber-lined OATS/SAC and FAR are
listed in Table 12.
Table 12 – Recommended maximum EUT-volume diameter D (in m) and height h (in m) –
for reduced near-field uncertainty; absorber-lined OATS/SAC and FAR,
1 GHz to 18 GHz
Measurement distance 3 m 5 m 10 m
a,b
D by h in 1 GHz to 6 GHz 1,5 by 1,5 2,0 by 2,0 5,0 by 3,0
a
D by h in 6 GHz to 18 GHz 1,5 by 1,5 2,0 by 2,0 5,0 by 3,0
a
The minimum antenna beamwidths required for the EUT volumes in this table are 28º (for d =
3 m), 22,6º (for d = 5 m) and 22,6º (for d = 10 m), as determined using Equation (13); see
also Table 5.
b
At present CISPR 32 does not specify disturbance limits for frequencies above 6 GHz. If
CISPR disturbance limits for frequencies above 6 GHz are adopted, the EUT dimension
recommendations might have to be amended.

b) Maximum EUT dimensions in a TEM waveguide are as follows.
The usable test volume is 0,6w by 0,6L by 0,33h. For definitions of w, L, and h, see 7.1.2.1
c).
c) Maximum EUT dimensions in a reverberation chamber (RC) – see 7.1.2.2 c).
7.2.1 General
Replace, in the first sentence, the term “loop antenna system (LAS)” by the abbreviation
“LLAS”.
Replace, in the entire text, the abbreviation “LAS” by the abbreviation “LLAS”.
7.2.2 General measurement method
Replace, in the entire text, the abbreviation “LAS” by the abbreviation “LLAS”.
Add “strength” to read “magnetic field strength” in the first and second paragraphs.
7.2.3 Test environment
Replace, in the entire text, the abbreviation “LAS” by the abbreviation “LLAS”.
7.2.4 Configuration of the equipment under test
Replace, in the entire text, the abbreviation “LAS” by the abbreviation “LLAS”.
7.2.5 Measurement uncertainty for LAS
Replace, in the title, the abbreviaion "LAS" by the abbreviation "LLAS".
7.3.1 Measurand
Replace, in the ninth paragraph of this subclause "(see Equation (35) of CISPR 16-1-
4:2010/AMD1:2012)" by "(see Equation (13) of CISPR 16-1-4:2018)".
7.3.2 Test site requirements
Replace, in the first sentence, “test site” by “compliance test site (COMTS)”.

© IEC 2019
7.3.4 Measurement distance
Replace in list item a) “d ≥ λ/6” by “d ≥ λ/(2π)”, and replace “a tuned dipole antenna” by “an
electrically small antenna, where D << λ”
Replace in list item b) “a tuned dipole antenna” by “an electrically small antenna, where
D << λ”
Replace the existing item c) by the following new item:
c) d ≥ D /(2λ), where D is the largest dimension of either the EUT or the antenna determining
the minimum aperture for the illumination of the EUT, which applies to cases where D >> λ
with deviations up to 1 dB; see Annex F for details about near-field effects.
7.6.1 Quantity to measure
Replace the existing title of this subclause by the following new title:
7.6.1 Measurand
Replace the existing first paragraph by the following text:
The quantity to be measured (measurand) is the maximum electric field strength emitted by
the EUT as a function of horizontal and vertical polarization over all angles of the azimuth
plane with the receive antenna height at the test volume centre at a preferred horizontal
distance of 3 m. This quantity shall be determined with the following provisions:
a) the frequency range of interest is 1 GHz to 18 GHz;
b) the quantity shall be expressed in terms of field strength units that correspond with the
units used to express the limit levels of this quantity;
c) the measurements shall be performed at an absorber-lined OATS/SAC or FAR test site,
and with a positioning table (if applicable), that complies with the validation requirements
in CISPR 16-1-4;
d) a measuring receiver compliant with CISPR 16-1-1 shall be used;
e) the use of alternative measurement distances shall comply with the criteria in 7.6.2 and
Table 12 (antenna beamwidth);
f) the measurement distance is the horizontal projection of the distance between the
boundary of the EUT and the antenna reference point to the floor;
g) the EUT is configured and operated in accordance with the CISPR specifications;
h) free-space antenna factors shall be used.
7.6.2 Measurement distance
Replace the existing first dashed item by the following new item:
– shorter distances in the case of high ambient noise, or to reduce the effect of unwanted
reflections; the measurement distance should be greater than or equal to D /(2λ) so that
deviations are not greater than 1 dB, where D is the largest dimension of the radiating
source or measurement antenna effective area (at the frequency of interest);
Add to the end of the penultimate paragraph, the following new paragraph:
In many cases the largest dimension of the measurement antenna (e.g. DRH or LPDA
antenna) does not determine the radiation characteristics. For more realistic values, rather
than the largest dimension of the antenna, the measurement antenna effective area, A , at the
e
2 2
frequency of interest can be used to determine D (≈ A = λ G/4π, where G is the isotropic
e
antenna gain) for calculation of the minimum measurement distance.

– 10 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
7.6.5 Measurement instrumentation
Replace in the second paragraph, “the peak measuring spectrum analyser or receiver” by “a
measuring receiver with peak detector”.
Replace the existing third paragraph by the following paragraph:
Measurements to comply with a linear average limit shall be performed using a measuring
receiver with linear average detector and a measurement bandwidth of 1 MHz (impulse
bandwidth) as defined in CISPR 16-1-1.
After the revised third paragraph, insert the following new paragraph:
Measurements to comply with a logarithmic average limit shall be performed using a
measuring receiver with logarithmic average detector and a measurement bandwidth of 1 MHz
(impulse bandwidth) as defined in CISPR 16-1-1.
Delete the existing last paragraph.
7.6.6.1 General description of the radiated field measurement method above 1 GHz
Replace the existing title of 7.6.6.1 by the following new title:
7.6.6.1 General description of the radiated field-strength measurement method above
1 GHz
Figure 20 – Measurement method above 1 GHz, receive antenna in vertical polarization
Replace the existing diagram of Figure 20 by the new diagram as attached below:

Replace in the second bulleted item the term “EUT (volume)” by “EUT volume”.

© IEC 2019
Replace, in the second bulleted item, the first sentence by “cylinder defined by EUT boundary
diameter and height that fully encompasses all portions of the actual EUT, including cable
racks and 0,3 m of cable length (as defined in 3.1.33 of this document).”
Replace in the fourth and fifth bulleted items the term “EUT” by “EUT volume”.
Replace in the fifth bulleted item the reference “Equation (15)” by “Equation (13)”, and delete the
last line “w shall be of the minimum dimension as specified in Table 4.”
Replace the paragraph immediately after the last bulleted item (beginning with “Table 4”) by
the following new paragraph:
The selection of measurement distance d and antenna type shall be made such that w is
greater than or equal to the EUT volume height at any field strength measurement frequency.
Table 5 gives example values of w calculated using Equation (13) for three antenna types, at
measurement distances of 1 m, 3 m, and 10 m.
Delete the second paragraph after the last bulleted item (beginning with “The maximum
emission…”).
Delete Table 4 and Figure 21.
Delete the paragraph below the existing Figure 21 (begining with “For any EUT”).
Delete the second paragraph below the existing Figure 21 (begining with “When a height
scan”) and add the following note:
NOTE Due to the EUT radiation pattern in the vertical direction, the measurement result can vary with antenna
height. Therefore antenna height variation, while keeping the EUT volume within the antenna beamwidth, can
improve reproducibility.
Replace the existing last paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
Regarding the horizontal extent of w, the width of the EUT volume shall be fully within w.
7.6.6.2.3 Preliminary measurement procedure
From list item f) delete “for all the height levels required by 7.6.6.1 (and Figure 21) and”
From list item g) delete “and height steps”, and delete “/height” (from “rotation/height”)
7.6.6.2.4 Final measurement procedure
Delete from list item a) “(see Figure 21a))”
Replace the existing list item b) by the following new paragraph:
b) for any EUT volume with maximum vertical dimension larger than w, the measurement
distance d shall be increased to 5 m or to 10 m such that the EUT is encompassed by the
receive antenna beamwidth. The antenna beamwidth shall be known. The test site shall be
validated for the measurement distance applied for final measurements. Free-space far-
field propagation shall be assumed, and the measured field strength shall be adjusted to
the preferred distance of 3 m using Equation (22).
E = E + 20lg(d/3) (22)
3 m d
where
E is the field strength in dB(µV/m) at 3 m distance
3 m
– 12 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
E is the field strength in dB(µV/m) at distance d
d
and the factor 3 in the denominator of the lg argument is the 3 m reference distance.
Replace the existing list item 2) by the following new item:
2) the measurement distance shall be increased if the EUT volume (diameter and height) is
larger than w at the preferred distance.
7.7.2.1 Measurement method
Replace, in the second paragraph of this subclause, “CISPR 16-1-4:2010” by “CISPR 16-1-
4:2018”.
7.7.4.2.1 Measurement distance
Change the second bullet of Equation (15) to read:
/2λ
d ≥ D
A.1 General
Replace, in the second paragraph of this Clause, “5.2.4 of CISPR 16-1-4:2010" by "6.2.4 of
CISPR 16-1-4:2018”.
A.4.2 Pre-testing the EUT in a shielded room
Replace, in the first paragraph of this subclause, the words “Annex E of CISPR 16-1-4:2010,
(Annex A of [4]))" by "6.5 of CISPR 16-1-4:2018”.

© IEC 2019
Add after the existing Annex E the following new Annex F:
Annex F
(informative)
Background for EUT-volume specifications depending
on measurement distance and frequency range
F.1 General
The following four criteria limit the EUT volume depending on measurement distance and
frequency range:
– limitation of field-strength underestimation effects when making radiated disturbance
measurements at a short distance for an EUT with a given EUT volume diameter,
compared to measurements of the same EUT at the protection distance;
– limitation due to near-field effects;
– limitation due to the receive antenna beamwidth;
– limitation due to the results of test-site validation.
The criterion yielding the smallest volume for each frequency range shall be applied.
Regarding the criteria for the specification of EUT volumes in 7.1, except for 7.1.2.1 a) and c),
background is provided in Clauses F.2, F.3, F.4 and F.5.
NOTE In case of the LLAS, the TEM waveguide and the reverberation chamber, the restrictions are not based on
the same criteria as for the other test methods.
F.2 Criterion 1 – Limitation of field-strength underestimations due to a large
ratio of EUT volume diameter-to-measurement distance for short-distance
measurements
F.2.1 General
Disturbance measurements performed at short distances are intended to support
demonstrating compliance to a disturbance limit at the protection distance. The protection
distance is the distance for which the radiated disturbance limit was originally developed.
Here it is assumed that the protection distance for the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz is
30 m, and for the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz is 10 m. Test configurations with
distances of 3 m (for 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz) and 10 m (for 9 kHz to 30 MHz) are alternative test
configurations that were developed for ease of testing.
Results with an alternative test method need to be comparable with the results of established
test methods. A good example of field strength conversion for the frequency range 9 kHz to
30 MHz is given in [19], [20]. CISPR TR 16-4-5 describes conditions for the use of alternative
test methods; however, it does not contain any considerations for large EUTs nor near-field
effects, and the examples in its Annex B are limited to small EUTs.
F.2.2 9 kHz to 30 MHz
Below about 1,6 MHz at the protection distance of 30 m, the measurement antenna is in the
reactive near field of the EUT, and the magnetic field strength decreases proportionally to
1/d . For the distance of 10 m, the measurement antenna is in the reactive near field at all
frequencies below about 4,8 MHz, while for the 3 m distance the measurement antenna is in
the reactive near field of the EUT for all frequencies below about 16 MHz.

– 14 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
For an example EUT volume diameter of 3 m, rotated around its centre, a radiating source
located at the EUT centre is 31,5 m away from the receive antenna when the EUT is
measured at the protection distance of 30 m. Assuming that the field strength measured at
30 m from the boundary of the EUT is equal to the applicable limit at 30 m, the field strength
from the radiation source located at the EUT centre will be 1,3 dB above this limit. In case of
a 3 m measurement distance, under similar assumptions (i.e. 3 m EUT volume diameter, with
measured field strength equal to the limit value) the field strength from the radiating source at
the centre of the EUT will be 10,6 dB above the limit (the 3 m limit, in this case). This
represents a 9,3 dB increase in the difference between measured field strengths originating
from the EUT centre versus the EUT boundary, when measurements are performed at 3 m,
compared to the level of this difference for the 30 m measurement distance.
It should be noted that the 10,6 dB (or 9,3 dB) amount contributes to the uncertainty of the
conversion factor from 30 m to 3 m with a maximum EUT volume diameter of 3 m. If the EUT
volume diameter is 1,5 m, then the field strength underestimation effect for a worst-case
location of the radiating source at the EUT volume centre for a measurement distance of 3 m
when compared to the protection distance of 30 m is 5,2 dB (still a high amount). In this case
it is proposed to accept 5 dB as a compromise, i.e. to accept 1,5 m as EUT volume diameter.
Insisting on a value of 1 dB would require an EUT diameter of less than 0,3 m, which is not
acceptable.
A solution for a larger EUT volume diameter (e.g. 3 m) in this frequency range is presented in
[18], along with a conservative approach for the determination of disturbance limits for 3 m
measurement distance.
F.2.3 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
In this frequency range measurements at 3 m and 5 m distances are alternative test methods,
i.e. alternative to the established test method with 10 m distance.
For the comparison it is assumed that the measurements happen under – or close to – far-
field conditions. If the EUT volume has 3 m diameter, then for a 3 m measurement distance a
radiator at the centre has a separation distance of 4,5 m, which reduces the measured field-
strength value at the antenna location by an amount of 3,5 dB below the value that would be
measured by the receive antenna if the same radiator was at the boundary of the EUT volume.
Compared to the situation for 10 m measurement distance, where the EUT volume centre is
11,5 m away from the antenna, the radiation from the centre is reduced by an amount of
2,3 dB when the EUT volume has 3 m diameter at 3 m measurement distance. If the EUT
volume has 1,5 m diameter, this effect is reduced to approximately 1,3 dB. Similar
considerations apply if large EUTs, e.g. diameter of 10 m, are measured at 10 m distance. In
this case, product committees need to consider that a radiation source in the centre will be up
to 15 m away from the receive antenna.
NOTE The radiating source at the centre of the EUT does not represent the worst case for this particular effect.
The worst case scenario can be a directive radiating source at higher frequencies radiating towards the centre of
the EUT volume, which faces the measurement antenna when that source is farthest from the EUT.
F.2.4 1 GHz to 18 GHz
According to 7.6.2 of this document, the preferred measurement distance above 1 GHz is 3 m
Also 5.7 of CISPR TR 16-4-4:2007 [16] uses the distance of 3 m for limit calculations
(comparison with disturbance power). As explained in F.3.4, EUTs will normally be too large
to satisfy the near-field condition not exceeding deviations of 1 dB at 3 m distance. Thus
when the EUT fits into the 3 dB beamwidth of the measurement antenna at 3 m distance (see
4.6.1 of CISPR 16-1-4:2018 and see Criterion 3), then the measurement is valid despite near-
field effects. Otherwise the measurement distance shall be extended to 5 m or up to a
maximum of 10 m, so that the antenna beamwidth can encompass the EUT. In all cases the
test volume shall comply with the validation criteria at the final measurement distance.

© IEC 2019
F.3 Criterion 2 – Limitation due to near-field effects
F.3.1 General
Two cases are considered for near-field effects, based on dimensions relative to the
wavelength of both the measurement antenna and the radiating source within the EUT:
frequency ranges and EUTs where the near field is defined as d < λ, and frequency ranges
and EUTs where the near field is defined as d < D /(2λ). Further details are given in F.3.2
through F.3.4.
NOTE In most cases only the EUT and its dimensions are known, whereas the radiating source location and
dimensions within the EUT cannot be identified.
F.3.2 9 kHz to 30 MHz
In this frequency range, any radiating source portion of the EUT is electrically small relative to
the wavelength. As such, the boundary between the reactive near field and the radiative near
field will be at a distance of λ/2π from the EUT, while the boundary between the radiative near
field and the far field will be at a distance of λ from the EUT. Below about 1,6 MHz the receive
antenna is in the reactive near field of the EUT at all measurement distances, i.e. 3 m, 10 m,
and 30 m. Between about 1,6 MHz and 10 MHz at a 30 m measurement distance, between
about 4,8 MHz and 30 MHz at a measurement distance of 10 m, and above about 16 MHz at a
measurement distance of 3 m, the receive antenna is in the radiative near field of the EUT. At
and above 10 MHz (for 30 m distance) as well as at 30 MHz (for 10 m distance), the receive
antenna is in the far field of the EUT. For the 3 m distance, the receive antenna is in the
radiative near field of the EUT for all frequencies between 16 MHz and 30 MHz; in this case,
the far field conditions start only at 100 MHz. Radiated disturbance limits (magnetic field
strength) are defined for various measurement distances taking the frequency-dependent
conversion factors from the protection distance into account.
Limitations of EUT volumes based on Criterion 1 take near-field effects into consideration.
Any deviation from a specified measurement distance should be avoided in actual
measurements. Any deviation from the specified measurement distance will have to be
considered in the uncertainty analysis. For in situ measurements disturbance limits at varying
distances can be found using 7.7 of this document.
NOTE Requirements and validation methods for test sites below 30 MHz are in preparation.
F.3.3 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
The distance of 10 m is the protection distance for equipment to be used in residential
locations, which means that equipment of any size should be measurable at 10 m distance,
because this is a preferred distance. Equipment to be used in residential locations is typically
smaller than equipment to be used in industrial locations. The protection distance for
equipment to be used in industrial locations is 30 m. However, despite that the 30 m OATS is
specified in CISPR 16-1-4, equipment that is intended to be used in industrial locations and is
larger than D = 3 m cannot be restricted to be measured exclusively at 30 m distance. The
measurand is defined for a 10 m distance at the OATS/SAC in 7.3.1 of this document. The
10 m measurement method is the established test method in CISPR TR 16-4-5. However, the
near-field criterion applies for measurement distances of 3 m and 5 m, because the
conversion of disturbance limits for alternative test methods works only for sufficiently small
equipment.
The inequality given in 7.3.4 used to determine the minimum measurement distance
depending on the EUT volume diameter D is:
D
(F.1)
d≥
2λ
– 16 – CISPR 16-2-3:2016/AMD1:2019
© IEC 2019
According to Silver [23], Equation (F.1) applies for far-field requirements of aperture antenna
pattern measurements. Reference [23] explains the background as follows.
The antenna gain G measured at a distance d is given by
4πA sin x
  ka
, where with k= 2π /λ and a= D / 2, A = aperture
G=   x=
x 4d
 
λ
In CISPR field-str
...