IEC TR 62865:2014

IEC TR 62865 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-02
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Multimedia home server systems – Relationship between the content usage
contract and the digital rights permission code

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IEC TR 62865 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-02
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Multimedia home server systems – Relationship between the content usage

contract and the digital rights permission code

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
X
ICS 33.160.60 ISBN 978-2-8322-1392-6

– 2 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Abbreviations . 13
5 Purpose and justification of this Technical Report . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Purpose . 13
6 Services covered in the study . 13
6.1 General . 13
TM
6.2 iTUNES STORE . 14
TM
6.3 Amazon.com . 14
TM
6.4 AcTVila . 14
TM
6.5 TSUTAYA TV . 14
TM
6.6 mora win . 14
TM
6.7 MAGASTORE . 14
TM
6.8 Spotify . 15
TM
6.9 NETFLIX . 15
7 Relationship between permission and the content usage contract . 15
7.1 General . 15
7.2 What is permission? . 15
7.3 What is a content usage contract? . 16
8 Value chain in the distribution of digital content . 16
8.1 General . 16
8.2 Rights holder . 17
8.3 Content holder . 17
8.4 Content provider . 17
8.5 Service provider . 17
8.6 User . 17
9 Basic contract and individual contract for each link in the value chain in the
distribution of digital content . 17
9.1 General . 17
9.1.1 Contracts . 17
9.1.2 Basic contract . 18
9.1.3 Individual contract . 18
9.2 Basic contract between the content holder and the content provider
(content usage contract) . 18
9.3 Individual contract between content holder and content provider (catalog) . 19
9.4 Basic contract between content or service provider and user (terms of use
of service) . 19
9.5 Individual contract relating to the purchase or free-of-charge use of content
by users . 20
10 Examples of content usage contracts and DRPC in digital content distribution . 20
10.1 General . 20
10.2 iTUNES STORE . 20
10.2.1 Basic contract . 20

TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 3 –
10.2.2 Individual contract . 21
10.3 Amazon.com . 21
10.3.1 Basic contract . 21
10.3.2 Individual contract . 22
10.4 AcTVila . 22
10.4.1 Basic contract . 22
10.4.2 Individual contract . 23
10.5 TSUTAYA TV . 23
10.5.1 Basic contract . 23
10.5.2 Individual contract . 24
10.6 mora win . 24
10.6.1 Basic contract . 24
10.6.2 Individual contract . 24
10.7 MAGASTORE . 25
10.7.1 Basic contract . 25
10.7.2 Individual contract . 25
10.8 Spotify . 25
10.8.1 Basic contract . 25
10.8.2 Individual contract . 26
10.9 NETFLIX . 26
10.9.1 Basic contract . 26
10.9.2 Individual contract . 27
11 Applicability of DRPC to content usage contracts for digital content distribution . 27
11.1 General . 27
11.2 Status and challenges of countermeasures against illegal content
distribution . 27
11.2.1 General . 27
11.2.2 Current countermeasure 1: Content check function on the
website . 28
11.2.3 Current countermeasure 2: Validation of poster . 29
11.2.4 Current countermeasure 3: Use of alert system . 29
11.3 Countermeasures against illegal content distribution based on the content
usage contract . 30
11.3.1 General . 30
11.3.2 Case 1: Authorized use of content in accordance with the terms
of the use agreement . 30
11.3.3 Case 2: Unauthorized use of content contrary to the terms of
the use agreement . 31
11.3.4 Case 3: Use of unauthorized content downloaded illegally from
other websites . 31
11.4 DRPC-based countermeasures against illegal distribution of content . 31
11.4.1 General . 31
11.4.2 Case 1: Authorized use of content (embedded with DRPC) in
accordance with the terms of the use agreement . 31
11.4.3 Case 2: Unauthorized use of content (embedded with DRPC)
contrary to the terms of the use agreement . 32
11.4.4 Case 3: Use of unauthorized content (embedded with DRPC)
downloaded illegally from another website . 32
11.5 Direction for countermeasures against illegal distribution of content . 32
12 Applicability of DRPC to the allocation of royalties earned from the distribution of
digital content . 33

– 4 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
12.1 General . 33
12.2 Status and challenges concerning the allocation of royalties . 33
12.3 Possible royalty allocation system based on DPCR . 34
12.4 Roles of DRPC in the allocation of royalties . 34
Annex A (informative) Content matrix for various service agreements . 36
Bibliography . 48

Figure 1 – Permission based on legal analysis . 16
Figure 2 – The making of a contract . 16
Figure 3 – Value chain of the digital content business . 17
Figure 4 – Basic contract and individual contract . 18
Figure 5 – Content uploaded onto posting sites . 28
Figure 6 – Validation through a content check function provided by the site
administrator . 28
Figure 7 – Judgment based on validation of the poster by the site administrator . 29
Figure 8 – Judgment based on notification by a third party . 30
Figure 9 – Uploading of content whose secondary use is authorized by the content
usage contract . 30
Figure 10 – Uploading of content whose secondary use is prohibited by the content
usage contract . 31
Figure 11 – Uploading of illegal content without a content usage contract . 31
Figure 12 – Uploading of content whose secondary use is approved by the content
usage contract . 32
Figure 13 – Uploading of content whose secondary use is prohibited by the content
usage contract . 32
Figure 14 – Uploading of illegal content without a content usage contract . 32
Figure 15 – Overall picture of content identification on posting sites with or without
DRPC . 33
Figure 16 – Royalty allocation scheme based on using content name or ID alone . 34
Figure 17 – Royalty allocation scheme based on DPCR . 34
Figure 18 – Overall picture of the allocation of royalties based on DPCR . 35

Table 1 – Elements of the content usage contract as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 19
Table 2 – Elements of an individual contract (catalog) as summarized
by IEC 62227:2008 . 19
Table 3 – Elements of the terms of use of service as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 19
Table 4 – Elements of an individual contract for downloading (streaming) content as
summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 20
Table 5 – Basic contract of the iTUNES STORE as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 20
Table 6 – Individual contract of the iTUNES STORE as summarized by IEC 62227:2008
Table 7 – Individual contract of the iTUNES STORE as summarized by IEC 62227:2008
– Third Party . 21
Table 8 – Basic contract of Amazon.com as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 21
Table 9 – Individual contract of Amazon.com as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 –
Music . 22

TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 5 –
Table 10 – Individual contract of Amazon.com as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 –
PC software . 22
Table 11 – Basic Contract of AcTVila as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 22
Table 12 – Individual contract of AcTVila as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 23
Table 13 – Individual contract for content provided through “AcTVila Basic”
as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 23
Table 14 – Basic contract of TSUTAYA TV as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 23
Table 15 – Individual contract of TSUTAYA TV as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 24
Table 16 – Basic contract of mora win as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 24
Table 17 – Individual contract of mora win as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 24
Table 18 – Individual contract of mora win as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 –
Music provider . 25
Table 19 – Basic contract of MAGASTORE as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 25
Table 20 – Individual contract of MAGASTORE as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 25
Table 21 – Basic contract of spotify as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 26
Table 22 – Individual contract of Spotify as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 26
Table 23 – Basic contract of NETFLIX as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 26
Table 24 – Individual contract of NETFLIX as summarized by IEC 62227:2008 . 27

– 6 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MULTIMEDIA HOME SERVER SYSTEMS –
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONTENT USAGE
CONTRACT AND THE DIGITAL RIGHTS PERMISSION CODE

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
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The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data
of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC/TR 62865, which is a technical report, has been prepared by technical area 8: Multimedia
home server systems, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia systems
and equipment.
TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 7 –
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
100/2133/DTR 100/2173/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

– 8 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
INTRODUCTION
Background
IEC 62227, which was published as an International Standard in 2008, provides technical
specifications for encoding permission information by which rights holders grant consumers
permission to use digital content in the field of digital content distribution. Since IEC 62227’s
publication, remarkable technological progress in this field has paved the way for new forms of
content usage, such as content consumption using cloud technology and content sharing on
social networks.
Given the ongoing technical evolution, TC 100, technical area 8, has been working on the
second edition of IEC 62227 by taking into account the new modes of usage in this new edition.
For this task, in addition to the new modes of usage, separate reviews were carried out as to the
relationship between the digital rights permission code (DRPC, the underlying technical
specifications that were defined in IEC 62227) and the content usage contract, in order to
identify items that should be reflected in the second edition. The content usage contract, which
is made between the content rights holder(s) and the content users, serves as the basis for the
contents of DRPC. It was concluded that the findings should be summarized as a Technical
Report, i.e. this report.
At the same time, because few guiding material on IEC 62227 is available for the content rights
holders who, in practice, grant permission by means of a Digital Rights Permission Code, this
Technical Report has been prepared for these rights holders. This report starts therefore by
referring to the content usage contract, with which they are familiar, followed by a discussion of
its relationship with IEC 62227:2008.
Readers who are engineers may find this Technical Report lengthy, because it contains an
explanation of the content usage contract in addition to technical descriptions.
Overview
IEC 62227, which defines the DRPC system, is structured in such a way that the information
required by engineers who are familiar with how permission information is coded can easily
access it.
However, the present DRPC does not cover the entire content usage contract that stands behind
usage permission conditions, because it focuses on encoding the usage permission conditions
as the minimum requirement for the management of content usage on devices. Accordingly,
DRPC does not encompass some stipulatory items (e.g., disclaimers, content guarantee,
descriptions about confidentiality and cancellation, matters for consultation, applicable laws,
etc.) that will be dealt with not by the devices but by the content providers and/or content users
themselves.
On the other hand, people working on the frontlines of the content distribution business are
faced with daily challenges, including taking countermeasures against illegal distribution of
digital content, apportioning royalties among rights holders, and the like. It is fair to say that the
above-mentioned content usage contract alone is neither sufficient to eradicate unauthorized
distribution of content nor helpful in simplifying apportioning processes.
This Technical Report discusses content usage contracts that are actually used and shows how
DRPC can be applied to them. In doing so, it clarifies the relationship between the content usage
contract and DRPC and as such it can serve as a guide to solving the above-mentioned
challenges.
This Technical Report also presents a guide to possible applications of DRPC to the
management of content usage permission in real business fields, aiming at people engaged in
the management of permission, including those working in the information processing sector

TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 9 –
and in the legal arena, as well as engineers engaged in the generation and management of
DRPC.
At the same time, this Technical Report seeks to improve convenience for people involved in any
way in content usage permission by making DRPC-assisted management of usage permission
more real life oriented, based on discussion of conditions that IEC 62227 lacks.

– 10 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
MULTIMEDIA HOME SERVER SYSTEMS –
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONTENT USAGE
CONTRACT AND THE DIGITAL RIGHTS PERMISSION CODE

1 Scope
This Technical Report provides a guide to implementing DRPC. Specifically, it defines the
relationship between the content usage contract, which serves as the basis for permission
management, and DRPC. The protection of content and the application of watermark technology
are beyond the scope of this report.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 62227:2008, Multimedia home server systems – Digital rights permission code
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
allocation of royalties
act of royalty payments
3.2
child permission code
permission code issued for an individual piece of content belonging to a larger group
3.3
compliant device
device that possesses functions to control content access as specified in a compliant license
3.4
content identifier
identifier that uniquely identifies content
3.5
content usage contract
contract that specifies a type of usage, a way of usage and a term of usage which are concluded
by content distributors
3.6
copy
usage type that permits the copying of content to a compliant medium under a reuse permission
Note 1 to entry: Permission conditions are further specified in the condition parameters.

TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 11 –
3.7
coupon
fee-based permission that uses coupons, a form of alternative currency that can be exchanged
for a given piece of content
Note 1 to entry: Coupons are distributed to users by the content sponsor in order to increase user contact with that
sponsor.
3.8
data management
permission condition that describes conditions that pertain to saving the original content or
re-issuing permission codes
3.9
data output condition
permission condition that describes conditions that pertain to exporting original content to
non-compliant objects
3.10
disclaimer
refusal of the responsibility of a service provider in a specified case pertaining to a service
agreement
3.11
domain
set of devices, users, storage media or other entities to which a common set of rules applies in
the context of content management
3.12
export
usage type that permits the exporting of content to a noncompliant medium under a reuse
permission
Note 1 to entry: Permission conditions are further specified in the condition parameters.
3.13
general usage condition
permission condition that describes conditions on a usage mode basis
3.14
home server
client device that serves as a gateway to a home domain
3.15
illegal distribution
content is illegally distributed over the Internet
3.16
issuer identifier
identifier that uniquely identifies a rights holder, a service provider and a home server
3.17
move
usage type that permits the moving of content to a compliant medium under a reuse permission
Note 1 to entry: Permission conditions are further specified in the condition parameters.

– 12 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
3.18
narrowly-defined permission code
code system that expresses various sets of permission information and permission conditions
necessary for content transmission
3.19
parent permission code
permission code issued for a group of content
3.20
permission
act by a certain issuing entity that authorizes the use of content by a certain receiving entity
under a certain set of permission classifications and usage conditions
Note 1 to entry: The issuing entity and/or the receiving entity may be not only human but may also be a device,
storage medium, organization, domain, or another entity.
3.21
permission classification
permission type that expresses stipulations about what is being granted
3.22
permission code
code system that represents codes through a common system so that permissions from two
parties with differing DRM implementations can interact with each other
3.23
posting sites
website which enables people to upload and share their contents with others
3.24
prohibited matters
description that defines matters which a service provider forbids a content user to do based on
a service agreement
3.25
provider's rights
statement that refers to rights of a service provider which are granted by a service agreement
3.26
receiver identifier
identifier that uniquely identifies an end-user, a device and a set of end-users
3.27
royalties
dividend that is distributed from a permission receiver to a permission issuer
3.28
service agreement
contract that specifies various kinds of agreements about using services between a permission
issuer and a permission receiver
3.29
service description
statement that defines a service content, for example a service name and a service period, etc.,
based on a service agreement
TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 13 –
3.30
subscription
fee-based permission that charges per time period
3.31
user's rights
statement that refers to a right of a content user which is granted on a service agreement
4 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the following abbreviations apply.
CD Compact Disc
CH Content Holder
CP Content Provider
CPRM Content Protection for Recordable Media
CSP Content Service Provider
DCF DRM Content Format
DRM Digital Rights Management (System)
DRPC Digital Rights Permission Code
DVD Digital Versatile Disc
HD High Definition
HDD Hard Disk Drive
ID Identifier
SAFIA Security Architecture For Intelligent Attachment
WMT Windows Media Technology
5 Purpose and justification of this Technical Report
5.1 General
This Technical Report provides a guide to possible applications of DRPC to content usage
permission in business fields, aiming at people engaged in the management of permission,
including those working in the information processing sector and in the legal arena.
5.2 Purpose
This Technical Report aims to achieve the following.
• Analyze the relationship between a content usage contract and DRPC.
• Present a guide to generating DRPC based on a content usage contract that is managed by
a permission management platform.
6 Services covered in the study
6.1 General
This Technical Report studied the terms of service of the following seven major digital content
distribution services of Japan and the US as explicit examples of contracts regarding digital
content distribution, the results of which are shown below.

– 14 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
TM
6.2 iTUNES STORE
An online content store operated by iTunes Inc. It initially started as an online music store; now
it also offers movies for purchase and downloading, as well as a Podcasting services. Portable
TM TM TM
devices for playback are limited to Apple’s iPod , iPhone , and iPad , although these
services are compatible with Windows machines on an operating system level.
See (http://www.apple.com/jp/itunes/).
TM
6.3 Amazon.com
An EC site run by Amazon.com. The product range on offer has expanded from books to home
appliances, audio-visual equipment, clothing, and even food and beverages. Its offerings of
digital content are limited to e-books, MP3-formatted music, and some PC software.
See (http://www.amazon.com/).
TM
6.4 AcTVila
A service that distributes movies and dramas through AcTVila-compatible TVs and recorders,
operated by Actvila Corporation. The content on offer also includes weather information, news,
and traffic information. This service is available only in Japan.
See (http://actvila.jp/).
TM
6.5 TSUTAYA TV
A video distribution service operated by TSUTAYA.com Co., Ltd. The content on offer includes
movies, dramas, cartoons, and sports/music videos. The service is available only in Japan.
See (http://tsutaya-tv.jp/).
TM
6.6 mora win
A Windows Media-compatible music distribution service operated by Label Gate Co., Ltd.
Companies supplying content include major Japanese labels such as avex, Columbia, and Sony
Music Entertainment. This service is available only in Japan.
See (http://morawin.jp/).
TM
6.7 MAGASTORE
An online e-magazine store that Dentsu Inc. operates using technology developed by YAPPA
Corporation. Its e-magazine catalog contains major magazines published in Japan whose
____________
TM TM TM TM
iTunes Store , iPod , iPhone and iPad are trademarks of Apple Inc. This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
Amazon is a trade mark of Amazon.com, Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this
document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
acTVila is a trademark of Actvila Corporation. This information is given for the convenience of users of this
document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
TSUTAYA TV is a trademark of Culture Convenience Club. Co., Ltd. This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
mora win is a trademark of Label Gate Co., Ltd. This information is given for the convenience of users of this
document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
MAGASTORE is a trademark of Dentsu Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this
document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.

TR 62865 © IEC:2014 – 15 –
TM TM
7 8
content can be read on PCs, iOS devices, and Android terminals. This service is
available only in Japan.
See (http://www.magastore.jp/).
TM
6.8 Spotify
A music streaming service offered in nine countries, namely, Sweden, Denmark, Finland,
Norway, the UK, France, the Netherlands, Spain, and the US. Its content is provided by EMI,
Sony Music Entertainment, Universal Music, and Warner Music. There are two membership
categories: free membership with ad inserts and paid membership without ads.
See (http://www.spotify.com/).
TM
6.9 NETFLIX
A video distribution service provided by NETFLIX Inc. Movies and TV programs are distributed
TM TM
11 12
via such devices as PCs, iOS devices, Android terminals and Wii , PlayStation 3 ,
TM
XBOX360 , and other game machines. Started in the US, the service area has expanded to
Canada, Latin America, and Caribbean countries.
See (https://signup.netflix.com/global).
7 Relationship between permission and the content usage contract
7.1 General
The following subclauses explain the difference between permission and a content usage
contract in digital content distribution.
7.2 What is permission?
In a general interpretation based on legal concepts, permission refers to a unilateral
manifestation of the intention of a rights holder regarding the content under her/his ownership.
The permission details are unilaterally expressed by the rights holder and as such do not require
a mutual consensus between two parties.
If the person holding the rights is called the content holder (CH, rights holder) and the person
receiving the permission is called the content provider (CP, or content service provider (CSP)),
then their relationship can be illustrated as shown in Figure 1.
____________
TM
iOS is a trademark of Cisco Systems Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document
and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
Android is a trademark of Google Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and
does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
Spotify is a trademark of Spotify Ltd. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and
does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
Netflix is a trademark of Netflix, Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and
does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
Wii is a trademark of Nintendo. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does
not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
Play Station is a trademark of Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. This information is given for the convenience
of users of this document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.
TM
XBOX360 is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. This information is given for the convenience of users of this
document and does not constitute and endorsement by IEC of the product named.

– 16 – TR 62865 © IEC:2014
IEC  0253/14
Figure 1 – Permission based on legal analysis
7.3 What is a content usage contract?
A contract is an agreement entered into by two or more parties based on mutual consensus, as
shown in Figure 2. A content usage contract for digital content distribution describes details that
have been agreed upon and concluded between the concerned parties (e.g., between a rights
holder and a content holder, between a content holder and a content provider, etc.) regarding
details of transactions, including usage permission based on the manifestation of intention
regarding content usage expressed by the rights holder of that content. The content of the
contract becomes more specific based on discussions by the concerned parties and this
normally takes the shape of a written agreement in the end. IEC 62227 enables the encoding of
the minimum usage permission information required on devices for the distribution of each
digital content based on a content usage contract.
According to legal concepts, oral consent is essentially considered a valid contract
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