EN 60041:1994

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2001
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SIST IEC 60041:1999
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Field acceptance tests to determine the hydraulic performance of hydraulic turbines,
storage pumps and pump-turbines
Abnahmeversuche zur Bestimmung der hydraulischen Eigenschaften von
Wasserturbinen, Speicherpumpen und Pumpturbinen
Essais de réception sur place des turbines hydrauliques, pompes d'accumulation et
pompes-turbines, en vue de la détermination de leurs performances hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60041:1994
ICS:
27.140 Vodna energija Hydraulic energy engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
Third edition
1991-11
Field acceptance tests to determine the
hydraulic performance of hydraulic turbines,
storage pumps and pump-turbines
 IEC 1991 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch  Web: www.iec.ch
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Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

41 © I E C - 3 -
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 9
PREFACE 9
SECTION ONE - GENERAL RULES
Clause
1. Scope and object 13
1.1 Scope 13
1.2 Object 13
1.3 Types of machines 13
1.4 Reference to IEC and ISO standards 15
1.5 Excluded topics 15
2. Terms, definitions, symbols and units 15
2.1 General 15
2.2 Units 15
2.3 List of terms, definitions, symbols and units 15
3. Nature and extent of hydraulic performance guarantees 51
3.1 General 51
3.2 Main guarantees 51
3.3 Other guarantees 55
4. Organisation of test 59
4.1 Adequate provision for the test 59
4.2 Authority for test 59
4.3 Personnel 59
4.4 Preparation for test 59
4.5 Agreement on test procedure 61
4.6 Instruments 63
4.7 Observations 63
4.8 Inspection after test 65
4.9 Final report 67
SECTION Two- EXECUTION OF TEST FOR THE DETERMINATION
OF THE STEADY STATE PERFORMANCE OF THE MACH INE
5. Test conditions and procedure 71
5.1 General test procedure 71
5.2 Test conditions to be fulfilled
6. Computation and analysis of results 81
6.1 Computation of test results
6.2 Uncertainties in measurements and presentation of results 87
6.3 Comparison with guarantees 93
SECTION TI IREE - EXECUTION OF TEST FOR THE DETERMINATION
OF TRIE TRANSIENT CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MACHINE
7. Test conditions and procedure
7.1 Test conditions
trumentation 7.2 Test procedure and ins

41© IEC -5 -
Page
Clause
8. Computation and analysis of results
8.1 Conversion of results
8.2 Comparison with guarantees
SECTION FOUR - METHODS OF MEASUREMENT
9. Introduction 115
9.1 Efficiency
9.2 Hydraulic power
9.3 Mechanical power
10. Discharge
10.1 General
10.2 Current-meter method
10.3 Pitot tubes
10.4 Pressure-time method 147
10.5 Tracer methods 163
10.6 Weirs 167
10.7 Standardized differential pressure devices 179
10.8 Volumetric gauging method 181
11. 187
Specific hydraulic energy of the machine
11.1 General 187
11.2 Determination of the specific hydraulic energy 189
11.3 Determination of the net positive suction specific energy
11.4 Pressure measurements
11.5 Free water level measurements
11.6 Uncertainty of measurements 251
12. Power 253
12.1 Indirect method of power measurement 253
12.2 Direct method of power measurement 283
12.3 Bearing losses
13. Rotational speed
13.1 General
13.2 Speed measurements in the case of direct measurement of power
13.3 Speed measurements in the case of indirect measurement of power
13.4 Uncertainty of measurement
14. Thermodynamic method for measuring efficiency 293
14.1 General
14.2 Efficiency and specific mechanical energy
14.3 Procedure for measurement of specific mechanical energy
14.4 Apparatus
14.5 Test conditions to be fulfilled
14.6 Corrective terms
14.7 Uncertainty of measurement

41 © IEC 7
Page
Clause
15. Index tests
15.1 General 321
15.2 Relative discharge measurement
15.3 Measurement of other quantities 331
15.4 Computation of results 331
15.5 Uncertainty of measurement
APPEr\TDIX A — Systematic uncertainties in performance measurements at steady state conditions
APPENDIX B — Rejection of outliers
APPENDIX C — Analysis of the random uncertainties for a test at constant operating conditions
D — Analysis of the random uncertainties for a test over a range of operating conditions . 363
APPENDIX
APPENDIX E — Physical data
APPENDIX F — Derivation of the equation for the specific hydraulic energy of a machine
APPENDIX G — Measurement of electric power — Determination of the correction for a single-phase
measuring system
APPENDIX H — Thermodynamic method — Examples for a balance of power and computation of the
specific mechanical energy
APPENDIX J — Acoustic method of discharge measurement

41 © IEC — 9 —
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
FIELD ACCEPTANCE TESTS TO DETERMINE
THE HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE OF HYDRAULIC TURBINES,
STORAGE PUMPS AND PUMP-TURBINES
FOREWORD
The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all the National
1)
rnational consensus of opinion on the
Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an inte
subjects dealt with.
and they arc accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use
In order to promote international unification, the I E C expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt the text of the I EC
3)
recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will permit. Any divergence between the I E C recommendation
and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
PREFACE
This International Standard has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 4: Hydraulic turbines.
It replaces the second edition of IEC 41, the first edition of IEC 198 and the first edition of IEC 607.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
Report on Voting
Six Months' Rule
4 (CO) 52
4 (CO) 48
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting Report indicated in
the above table.
The following IEC publications are quoted in this standard:
Publications Nos. 34-2 (1972): Rotating electrical machines. Pa rt 2: Methods for determining losses and efficiency of rotating
electrical machinery from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles).
34-2A (1974): First supplement: Measurement of losses by the calorimetric method.
185 (1987): Current transformers.
186 (1987): Voltage transformers.
Amendment No.1 (1988).
(1965): International code for model acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines.
Amendment No.1 (1977).
193A (1972): First supplement.
(1970): International code for testing of speed governing systems for hydraulic turbines.
(1976): International code for model acceptance tests of storage pumps.
(1976): Guide for commissioning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic turbines.
(1978): Cavitation pitting evaluation in hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines.
ce of storage pumps and of pump-turbines
(1985): Guide for commissioning, operation and mainten an
operating as pumps.
41© IEC - 11 —
ISO standards quoted:
Publications Nos. 31-3 (1978): Quantities and units of mechanics. Amendment 01-1985.
748 (1979): Liquid flow measurements in open channels – Velocity-area methods.
1438-1 (1980): Water flow measurement in open channels using weirs and Ventu ri flumes-Part 1: Thin-plate
weirs.
2186 (1973): Fluid flow in closed conduits – Connections for pressure signal tr ansmissions between primary
d
an secondary elements.
2533 (1975): Standard Atmosphere. Addendum 01-1985.
2537 (1988): Liquid flow measurement in open channels –Rotating element current-meters.
2975: Measurement of water flow in closed conduits – Tracer methods.
2975-1 (1974): Part I: General.
2975-2 (1975): Part II: Constant rate injection method using non-radioactive tracers.
III: Constant rate injection method using radioactive tracers.
2975-3 (1976): Pa rt
2975-6 (1977): Pa rt VI: Transit time method using non-radioactive tracers.
2975-7 (1977): Part VII: Transit time method using radioactive tracers.
3354 (1988): Measurement of clean water flow in closed conduits – Velocity area method using current-meters
in full conduits and under regular flow condi tions.
3455 (1976): Liquid flow measurement in open channels – Calibration of rotating-element current-meters in
straight open tanks.
3966 (1977): Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits – Velocity area method using Pitot static tubes.
4373 (1979): Measurement of liquid flow in open channels – Water level measuring devices.
(1980): Measurement of fluid flow by means of orifice plates, nozzles and Venturi tubes inserted in
circular cross-section conduits running full.
5168 (1978): Measurement of fluid flow–Estimation of uncertainty of a flow-rate measurement.
7066: Assessment of uncertainty in the calibration and use of flow measurement devices.
7066-1 (1989): Part 1: Linear calibration relationships.
7066-2 (1988): Part 2: Non-linear calibration relationships.

—13
41©IEC
FIELD ACCEPTANCE TESTS TO DETERMINE
THE HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE OF HYDRAULIC TURBINES,
STORAGE PUMPS AND PUMP-TURBINES
SECTION ONE – GENERAL RULES
Scope and object
1 Scope
1.1 This International Standard covers the arrangements for tests at the site to determine the extent to which
the main contract guarantees (see 3.2) have been satisfied. It contains the rules governing their conduct and
ase of the tests is disputed. It deals with methods of computation
prescribes measures to be taken if any ph
well the extent, content and style of the final repo rt.
of the results as as
1.2 Model tests, when used for acceptance purposes, are dealt with in IEC 193 with Amendment No. 1, first
supplement 193 A, and in IEC 497.
1.3 Tests of speed governing systems are dealt with in IEC 308.
Object
The purpose of this standard for field acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines, storage pumps or pump-
turbines, also called the machine, is:
– to define the terms and quantities which are used;
to specify methods of testing and ways of measuring the quantities involved in order to ascertain the
–
hydraulic performance of the machine;
to determine if the contract guarantees which fall within the scope of this standard have been fulfilled.
–
The decision to perform field acceptance tests including the definition of their scope is the subject of an
lier of the machine. For this, it has to be examined in each
agreement between the purchaser and the supp
case, whether the measuring conditions recommended in this standard can be realized. The influence on
the measuring uncertainties, due to hydraulic and civil conditions has to be taken into account.
If the actual conditions for field acceptance tests do not allow compliance with the guarantees to be
proved, it is recommended that acceptance tests be performed on models (see 1.1.2).
Types of machines
In general, this standard applies to any size and type of impulse or reaction turbine, storage pump
or pump-turbine. In particular, it applies to machines coupled to electric generators, motors or motor-
generators.
a turbine and the
as
For the purpose of this standard the term turbine includes a pump-turbine functioning
term pump includes a pump-turbine functioning as a pump. The term generator includes a motor-generator
functioning as a generator and the term motor includes a motor-generator functioning as a motor.

— 15 —
41 © IEC
1.4 Reference to IEC and ISO Standards
IEC and ISO Standards referred to in this standard are listed in the preface. If a contradiction is found
between this standard and another IEC or ISO standard, this standard shall prevail.
1.5 Excluded topics
1.5.1 This standard excludes all matters of a purely commercial interest except those inextricably bound up with
the conduct of the tests.
1.5.2 This standard is concerned neither with the structural details of the machines nor with the mechanical
properties of their components.
2. Terms, definitions, symbols and units
2.1 General
The common terms, definitions, symbols and units used throughout the standard arc listed in this clause.
Specialised terms arc explained where they appear.
The following terms arc given in 5.1.2 and Figure 11:
comprises the readings and/or recordings sufficient to calculate the performance of the machine
1) A run
at one operating condition.
is established by one or more consecutive runs at the same operating conditions and unchanged
2) A point
settings.
A test comprises a collection of data and results adequate to establish the performance of the machine
3)
over the specified range of operating conditions.
The clarification of any contested term, definition or unit of measure shall be agreed to in writing by the
contracting parties, in advance of the test.
2.2 Units
The Internationa
...