EN 60445:2010

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Grund und Sicherheitsregeln für die Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle - Kennzeichnung
von Anschlüssen elektrischer Betriebsmittel, angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
(IEC 60445:2010)
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machines, le
marquage et l'identification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de
conducteurs et des conducteurs (CEI 60445:2010)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60445:2010
ICS:
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60445
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2010
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.020 Supersedes EN 60445:2007, EN 60446:2007

English version
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification -
Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and
conductors
(IEC 60445:2010)
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité Grund und Sicherheitsregeln für die
pour les interfaces homme-machines, le Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle -
marquage et l'identification - Kennzeichnung von Anschlüssen
Identification des bornes de matériels, des elektrischer Betriebsmittel,
extrémités de conducteurs et des angeschlossenen Leiterenden und Leitern
conducteurs (IEC 60445:2010)
(CEI 60445:2010)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60445:2010 E
Foreword
The text of document 16/479/FDIS, future edition 5 of IEC 60445, prepared by IEC TC 16, Basic and
safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification, was submitted to the
IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60445 on 2010-11-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 60445:2007 and EN 60446:2007.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
This European Standard includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 60445:2007 and EN60446:2007:
– addition of new definitions in Clause 3;
– revision of some clauses to use words from reference IEC standards. These revisions did not change
any technical requirements but to clarify the wording;
– addition of Annex B (informative) “List of notes concerning certain countries”.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-08-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2013-11-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60445:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60079-11:2006 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60079-11:2007 (not modified).
IEC 60601 series NOTE  Harmonized in EN 60601 series (partially modified).
IEC 61666:1997 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61666:1997 (not modified).
IEC 62491:2008 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 62491:2008 (not modified).
__________
- 3 - EN 60445:2010
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60417 - Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -

IEC 60617 - Graphical symbols for diagrams - -

IEC Guide 104 - The preparation of safety publications and the - -
use of basic safety publications and group
safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51 - Safety aspects - Guidelines for their inclusion - -
in standards
IEC 60445 ®
Edition 5.0 2010-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification –
Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors

Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machines, le
marquage et l’identification –
Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de conducteurs et des
conducteurs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
T
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.020 ISBN 978-2-88912-166-3
– 2 – 60445 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 Methods of identification.9
5 Application of identification means .10
6 Identification by colours.10
6.1 General .10
6.2 Use of single colours .11
6.2.1 Permitted colours .11
6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductors.11
6.2.3 Line conductors in AC-systems.11
6.3 Use of bi-colour combinations .11
6.3.1 Permitted colours .11
6.3.2 Protective conductors .11
6.3.3 PEN conductors.12
6.3.4 PEL conductors .12
6.3.5 PEM conductors .12
6.3.6 Protective bonding conductors.13
7 Identification by alphanumeric notation.13
7.1 General .13
7.2 Equipment terminal identification – Marking principles.13
7.3 Identification of certain designated conductors .16
7.3.1 General .16
7.3.2 Neutral conductor .16
7.3.3 Protective conductor.16
7.3.4 PEN conductor .16
7.3.5 PEL conductor.16
7.3.6 PEM conductor .16
7.3.7 Protective bonding conductor .16
7.3.8 Protective bonding conductor earthed.16
7.3.9 Protective bonding conductor unearthed.16
7.3.10 Functional earthing conductor.16
7.3.11 Functional bonding conductor .16
7.3.12 Mid-point conductor .16
7.3.13 Line conductor.17
Annex A (informative) Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used
for identification of conductors / terminals.
Annex B (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries.20
Bibliography.24

Figure 1 – Single element with two terminals .
Figure 2 – Single element with four terminals: two endpoints and two intermediate
points .14
Figure 3 – Three-phase equipment with six terminals.14

60445 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
Figure 4 – Three-element equipment with twelve terminals: six endpoints and six
intermediate points .14
Figure 5 – Equipment with groups of elements.15
Figure 6 – Interconnection of equipment terminals and certain designated conductors.15

Table A.1 – Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used for
identification of conductors / terminals .18

– 4 – 60445 © IEC:2010
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS, CONDUCTOR
TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60445 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 16: Basic
and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification.
This fifth edition is a merged version of IEC 60445 and IEC 60446, and cancels and replaces
the fourth edition of IEC 60445, published in 2006, and the fourth edition of IEC 60446,
published in 2007.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of new definitions in Clause 3;
b) revision of some clauses to use words from reference IEC standards. These revisions did
not change any technical requirements but to clarify the wording;

60445 © IEC:2010 – 5 –
c) addition of Annex B (informative) “List of notes concerning certain countries”.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
16/479/FDIS 16/480/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The reader’s attention is drawn to the fact that Annex B lists all of the “in-some-country”
clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this
standard.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

– 6 – 60445 © IEC:2010
INTRODUCTION
This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the
preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51.
It is not intended for use by manufacturers or certification bodies. One of the responsibilities
of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of basic safety publications in
the preparation of its publications. The requirements of this basic safety publication will not
apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
In this fifth edition of IEC 60445, the terminology has been aligned with IEC 60050-195.

60445 © IEC:2010 – 7 –
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS, CONDUCTOR
TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
1 Scope
This International Standard applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical
equipment such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and,
wherever applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies
to the identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general
rules for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the
aim of avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or
alphanumeric notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical
equipment and installations.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE The terms are sorted in alphabetical order in the English language.
3.1
electrical equipment
item used for purposes like generation, conversion, distribution or utilization of electric energy
(e.g. electrical machines, transformers, switchgear and controlgear, measuring instruments,
wiring systems, current-using equipment, etc.)
[IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-16-01, modified]
3.2
functional bonding conductor
conductor provided for functional- equipotential bonding
[IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-16]

– 8 – 60445 © IEC:2010
3.3
functional earthing
functional grounding (in US)
earthing a point or points in a system or in an installation or in equipment, for purposes other
than electrical safety
[IEC 60050-195, Amendment 1:2001, 195-01-13]
3.4
functional earthing conductor
functional grounding conductor (in US)
earthing conductor provided for functional earthing
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-15]
3.5
functional-equipotential-bonding
equipotential bonding for operational reasons other than safety
[IEC 60050-195, 195-01-16]
3.6
line conductor
phase conductor (in AC systems) (deprecated)
pole conductor (in DC systems) (deprecated)
conductor which is energized in normal operation and capable of contributing to the
transmission or distribution of electric energy but which is not a neutral or mid-point conductor
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-08]
3.7
mid-point conductor
conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of contributing to the
distribution of electric energy
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-07]
3.8
neutral conductor
conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the
distribution of electric energy
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-06]
3.9
PEL conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a line
conductor
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-14]
3.10
PEM conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a mid-point
conductor
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-13]
60445 © IEC:2010 – 9 –
3.11
PEN conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral
conductor
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-12]
3.12
protective bonding conductor
equipotential bonding conductor (deprecated)
protective conductor provided for protective-equipotential-bonding
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-10]
3.13
protective bonding conductor, earthed
protective bonding conductor with a conductive path to earth
3.14
protective bonding conductor, unearthed
protective bonding conductor without a conductive path to earth
3.15
protective conductor
(identification: PE)
conductor provided for purposes of safety, for example protection against electric shock
[IEC 60050-195, 195-02-09]
3.16
protective earthing
protective grounding (in US)
earthing a point or points in a system or in an installation or in equipment, for purposes of
electrical safety
[IEC 60050-195, Amendment 1:2001, 195-01-11]
3.17
protective earthing conductor
protective grounding conductor (in US)
protective conductor provided for protective earthing
[IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-11]
3.18
protective-equipotential-bonding
equipotential bonding for the purposes of safety
[IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-15]
4 Methods of identification
Where the identification of equipment terminals and of terminations of certain designated
conductors is considered necessary, it shall be effected by the use of one or more of the
following methods:
– the physical or relative location of the equipment terminals or of terminations of certain
designated conductors;
– 10 – 60445 © IEC:2010
– a colour code for equipment terminals and terminations of certain designated conductors
in accordance with Clause 6;
– graphical symbols in accordance with IEC 60417. If additional symbols are required, these
shall be consistent with IEC 60617;
– an alphanumeric notation in accordance with the system laid down in Clause 7.
To keep consistency with the documentation, conductor and equipment terminal designation,
the alphanumeric notation is recommended.
Identification of conductors by colours shall be in accordance with the requirements provided
in Clause 6. Identification of conductors by alphanumeric notation shall be in accordance with
the requirements provided in Clause 7.
NOTE It is recognised that for complex systems and installations additional marking and labelling may be needed
for reasons other than safety, see for example IEC 62491.
5 Application of identification means
The identifying colour, graphical symbol or alphanumeric notation shall be located on, or
adjacent to, the corresponding terminal.
When more than one identification method is used and confusion is possible, the correlation
between the methods shall be clarified in the associated documentation.
When no confusion is possible, the juxtaposition of numerical and alphanumeric notation may
be applied.
Terminals/conductors used for earthing are divided concerning their purpose of earthing into
the two basic concept of protective earthing and functional earthing.
– If a terminal or conductor fulfils the requirements for both protective earthing and
functional earthing, it shall be designated as a protective earthing terminal/conductor.
– If the requirements for protective earthing are not met by a functional earthing
terminal/conductor, it shall not be marked with an identification of a protective earthing
terminal/conductor.
– The requirements for functional earthing are to be defined by the manufacturer or the
relevant product committe
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