EN 15446:2008
(Main)Fugitive and diffuse emissions of common concern to industry sectors - Measurement of fugitive emission of vapours generating from equipment and piping leaks
Fugitive and diffuse emissions of common concern to industry sectors - Measurement of fugitive emission of vapours generating from equipment and piping leaks
This standard applies to the measurement of fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from process equipment. The leak sources include, but are not limited to, valves, flanges and other connections, pressure relief devices, process drains, open-ended valves, pump and compressor seal systems, agitator seals, and access door seals. It does not apply to instrument tubing connections.
This standard applies to all products of which at least 20 % wt has a vapour pressure higher than 0,3 kPa at 20 °C. For the petroleum industry, this includes all light products and excludes kerosene and all heavier products.
The standard is based on the measurement of the gas concentration at the interface of a leak. This concentration is measured with a portable instrument. It is converted to a mass emission rate by use of a set of correlations. The scope of this standard includes the complete data processing, from the initial concentration measurement up to the generation of an emission report over a reporting period (which is generally one year) ).
This standard does not prescribe the number of potential emission points that should be screened each year nor the frequency at which these points should be screened. This sampling strategy shall indeed take into account the plant characteristics and the required level of control over fugitive emissions.
Optical methods are currently under development to ease the detection of leaks in plants and use of this standard in conjunction with these methods might be possible. In any case, measurements have to be performed according to the requirements of this standard. To enable direct quantification of total fugitive emissions based only on these methods, a subsequent revision of this standard will be needed.
Fugitive und diffuse Emissionen von allgemeinem Interesse für Industriebereiche - Messung fugitiver Emissionen von Gasen und Dämpfen aus Lecks von Betriebseinrichtungen und Rohrleitungen
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für die Messung fugitiver Emissionen flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen (VOCs) aus Prozesseinrichtungen. Mögliche Leckagequellen können zum Beispiel Ventile, Flansche und andere Verbindungselemente, Druckentspannungseinrichtungen, Auslassöffnungen, offene Ventile sowie Pumpen- und Kompressordichtungssysteme, Antriebsdichtungen und Dichtungen von Einstiegsöffnungen darstellen. Eine Anwendbarkeit für Messgasleitungen ist nicht gegeben.
Diese Norm gilt für alle Produkte, die Substanzen beinhalten, die bei einer Temperatur von 20 °C einen Dampfdruck oberhalb 0,3 kPa aufweisen und bei denen diese Substanzen insgesamt einem Anteil von mindestens 20 % Massenanteil entsprechen. Für die erdölverarbeitende Industrie schließt dieses alle leichten Erzeugnisse ein und schließt Kerosin und alle schwereren Erzeugnisse aus.
Grundlage der Ausführungen dieser Norm stellt die Messung von Gaskonzentrationen an Leckageflächen dar. Diese Konzentration wird mit einem tragbaren Gerät gemessen. Über geeignete Korrelationsfaktoren wird die gemessene Konzentration in eine massenbezogene Emissionsrate umgerechnet. Der Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm umfasst die gesamte Datenverarbeitung ausgehend von der ersten Konzentrationsmessung bis zur Erstellung eines Emissionsberichtes über eine vorgegebene Berichtsdauer (im Allgemeinen ein Jahr) ).
Diese Norm legt nicht die Anzahl potentieller Emissionspunkte fest, die jährlich untersucht werden sollten, und auch nicht die Häufigkeit, mit der diese Punkte untersucht werden sollten. Diese spezifische Probenahmestrategie kann nur in Abhängigkeit von der Anlagencharakteristik und dem erforderlichen Umfang bzw. der Notwendigkeit einer Verhinderung diffuser Emissionen festgelegt werden.
Optische Verfahren zum vereinfachten Aufspüren von Leckagen in technischen Anlagen befinden sich derzeit in der Entwicklung.
Emissions fugitives et diffuses concernant les secteurs industriels - Mesurage des émissions fugitives de composés gazeux provenant d'équipements et de canalisations
La présente norme s’applique à la mesure des émissions fugitives des composés organiques volatils (COV)
provenant des équipements de production. Les sources d’émission concernées peuvent apparaître
notamment au niveau de la robinetterie, brides et autres raccords, soupapes, lignes de purge, fin de ligne
ouverte, garniture d’étanchéité de pompe et compresseur, joints d’agitateur et joints de portes d’accès. La
présente norme ne s’applique pas aux raccords de tubulures des instruments.
La présente norme s’applique à tous les fluides dont au moins 20 % en masse de produits ont une tension de
vapeur supérieure à 0,3 kPa à 20 °C. Pour l’industrie pétrolière, cela inclut tous les produits légers et exclut le
kérosène et tous les produits plus lourds.
La présente norme est basée sur la mesure de la concentration de gaz à l’interface de sa sortie. Cette
concentration est mesurée au moyen d’un instrument portatif. Elle est convertie en débit d’émission massique
à l’aide d’un ensemble d’équations de corrélation. Le domaine d'application de la présente norme inclut le
traitement de données complet, depuis ces mesures de concentration jusqu’à la production d’un rapport relatif
à l’émission sur une période donnée (qui est généralement une année)1).
La présente norme ne prescrit pas le nombre de points d’émission potentielle qu'il convient de contrôler
chaque année, ni la fréquence de ces contrôles. Cette stratégie de contrôle doit en effet prendre en compte
les caractéristiques des installations et le niveau requis de contrôle concernant les émissions fugitives.
Les méthodes optiques sont actuellement en cours de développement afin de faciliter la détection de fuites
dans les installations ; l’utilisation de cette norme conjuguée à ces méthodes pourrait peut être s'avérer
possible. De toute façon, les mesures doivent être effectuées conformément aux exigences de la présente
norme.
Ubežne in razpršene emisije skupnega pomena za industrijske sektorje - Meritve ubežnih emisij par, ki nastajajo zaradi netesnosti naprav in puščanja cevovodov
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Fugitive und diffuse Emissionen von allgemeinem Interesse für Industriebereiche - Messung fugitiver Emissionen von Gasen und Dämpfen aus Lecks von Betriebseinrichtungen und RohrleitungenEmissions fugitives et diffuses concernant divers secteurs industriels - Mesurage de l’émission fugitive de composés gazeux provenant de fuites d’équipement et canalisationFugitive and diffuse emissions of common concern to industry sectors - Measurement of fugitive emission of vapours generating from equipment and piping leaks13.040.40Stationary source emissionsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15446:2008SIST EN 15446:2008en,fr,de01-marec-2008SIST EN 15446:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15446January 2008ICS 13.040.40 English VersionFugitive and diffuse emissions of common concern to industrysectors - Measurement of fugitive emission of vapoursgenerating from equipment and piping leaksEmissions fugitives et diffuses concernant les secteursindustriels - Mesurage des émissions fugitives decomposés gazeux provenant d'équipements et decanalisationsFugitive und diffuse Emissionen von allgemeinem Interessefür Industriebereiche - Messung fugitiver Emissionen vonGasen und Dämpfen aus Lecks von Betriebseinrichtungenund RohrleitungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 November 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15446:2008: ESIST EN 15446:2008
Evaluation procedure of instrument performance parameters.13 Annex B (normative)
Calculation of response factor for mixtures.14 Annex C (normative)
Correlation between screening values and emission rates.15 Bibliography.17
Optical methods are currently under development to ease the detection of leaks in plants and use of this standard in conjunction with these methods might be possible. In any case, measurements have to be performed according to the requirements of this standard. To enable direct quantification of total fugitive emissions based only on these methods, a subsequent revision of this standard will be needed.
2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method (ISO 5725-2:1994 including Technical Corrigendum 1:2002)
Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 fugitive emission emission to the atmosphere caused by loss of tightness of an item which is designed to be tight 3.2 screening action of measuring the concentration in VOC at the interface of a potential leak source 3.3 screening Value local VOC concentration at the surface of a leak source that indicates a VOC emission is present
1) The standard aims at significantly improving the consistency of emissions reporting, however determination of the trueness of the method is not in the current scope of the TWG. SIST EN 15446:2008
2) Maximum admissible lower detection limit of the detector provided by the manufacturer shall be 10 ppm. 3) Scale resolution of the instrument meter shall be ± 5 % of the threshold concentration. 4) Instrument shall be equipped with a pump so that a continuous sample is provided to the detector. The nominal sample flow rate shall be 0,2 l/min2) to 1,2 l/min2). 5) Instrument shall be intrinsically safe for operation in explosive atmospheres.
6) Instrument shall be equipped with a probe or probe extension for sampling with a maximum outside diameter of 6,4 mm, with a single end opening for admission of the sample.
2) Based on available equipment. Actual range is 0,25 to 1,0 l/min. SIST EN 15446:2008
4.2 Performance criteria 1) Instrument response factors for the individual compounds to be measured shall be less than 10. 2) Instrument response time shall be equal to or less than 5 s. The response time shall be determined for the instrument configuration to be used during screening. 3) Calibration precision shall be lower or equal to 10 % of the calibration gas value. 4) Evaluation procedure for each of these parameters is given in Annex A. 4.3 Performance evaluation requirements 1) Response factors shall be determined according to the requirements set in 6.4. In case these need to be used, the determination of the response factors should take place before actual measurements are performed. 2) Calibration precision test shall be completed prior to placing the analyser into service, and at subsequent 3 month intervals or at the next use, whichever is later. 3) Response time test is required before placing a new instrument into service for the first time. If a modification to the sample pumping system or flow configuration is made that would change the response time, a new test is required before further use. 5 Chemicals / Calibration gases 1) Monitoring instrument is calibrated in parts per million by volume [ppm(v/v)] of the reference compound specified in the applicable regulation when possible, or with another calibration gas.
2) Gases required for monitoring and instrument performance evaluation are:
– zero gas (air, less than 10 ppm VOC);
– mixture of calibration gas in air with a concentration approximately equal to the threshold
concentration specified in the regulation (two different concentrations are used, usually
1 000 ppm and 10 000 ppm). 3) If cylinder calibration gas mixtures are used, the concentration in calibration gas shall be analysed and certified by the manufacturer to be within ± 2 % accuracy, and a shelf life should be certified. Cylinder standards shall be either reanalysed or replaced at the end of the specified shelf life. Alternatively, calibration gases may be prepared by the user according to any documented gas preparation procedure that will yield a mixture a
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