EN 29171-2:1993

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Information technology - 130 mm optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange - Part 2: Recording format (ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990)Informationstechnik - 130 mm Optische Plattenspeicher - Einmal beschreibbar, für den Informationsaustausch - Teil 2: Aufzeichnungsformat (ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990)Technologies de l'information - Cartouche de disque optique de 130 mm, non-réinscriptible, pour l'échange d'information - Partie 2: Format d'enregistrement (ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990)Information technology - 130 mm optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange - Part 2: Recording format (ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990)35.220.30QDSUDYHOptical storage devicesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 29171-2:1993SIST EN 29171-2:1997en01-december-1997SIST EN 29171-2:1997SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 9171-2 First edition 1990-12-15 Information technology - 130 mm Optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange - Part 2: Recording format Technologies de l’information - Cartouche de disque optigue de 730 mm, non-rkinscrip tible, pour IIechange d’informa tion - Partie 2 : Format d ‘enregis tremen t Reference number ISO/IEC 9171-2 : 1990 (E) SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-231990 (E) Table of Contents Page 1 Scope 2 3 Conventions and notations 1 4 Features common to both formats 2 Conformance 4.1 Track Cieometry 4.1.1 Track shape 4.1.2 Direction of rotation 4.1.3 Track pitch 4.1.4 Track number 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Formatted Zone Control tracks Control Track PEP Zone 4.4.1 Recording in the PEP Zone 4.4.2 Cross-track loss 4.4.3 Format of the tracks of the PEP Zone Control Track SFP Zones 4.5.1 Duplicate of the PEP information 4.5.2 Media information 45.3 System Information 4.5.4 Unspecified Content 4.6 Requirements for Interchange 4.6.1 Equipment for writing 4.6.2 Test equipment for reading 4.6.3 Requirements for tracking 4.6.4 Requirements for user data 4.6.5 Requirement for interchange 3 4 4 8 9 9 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 0 ISO/IEC 1990 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher. ISO/IEC Copyright Office l Case postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland Printed in Switzerland SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISOAEC 9171-2:1990 (E) 5 Format A 16 51 . Track layout 5.1.1 Tracking 5.1.2 Characteristics of pre-recorded information 5.2 Seetor Format 5.2.1 Seetor Mark (SM) 5.2.2 VFO areas 5.2.3 Address Mark (AM) 5.2.4 ID fields 5.2.5 Postamble (PA) 5.2.6 Offset Detection Flag (ODF) 5.2.7 GaP 5.2.8 Flag 5.2.9 ALPC 5.2.10 Sync 5.2.11 Data field 5.2.12 Buffer 5.2.13 Recording code 5.3 Defect management 5.3.1 Media initialization 25 5.3.2 Write procedure 25 5.3.3 Layout of the User Zone 25 5.3.4 Disk Definition Structure (DDS) 25 6 Format B 26 61 . Track layout 6.1.1 Servo format 6.1.2 Properties of pre-recorded Signals 62 . Data structure 6.2.1 Track format 6.2.2 Seetor format 6.2.3 Error detection and correction 6.2.4 Recording method 6.2.5 Defect management ANNEX A - Values to be implemented in future Standards ANNEX B - CRC for ID fields of Format A 42 ANNEX C - Interleave, CRC, ECC, Resync for the Data field of Format A ANNEX D - Linear Replacement Map Defect Management (LDM) 17 17 17 19 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 24 24 24 26 26 27 28 28 28 30 31 34 40 43 50 . . . 111 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) FOREWORD ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized System for worldwide standardiz- ation. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 070 of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC 9171-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology. ISO/IEC 9171 consists of the following Parts, under the general title: Information technology - 130 mm Optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange: Part I: Unrecorded Optical disk cartridge Part 2: Recording formst Annexes B and C form an integral part of this of this part of ISO/IEC 9171. An- nexes A and D are for information only. SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISOPIEC 9171-2:1990 (E) INTRODUCTION ISO/IEC 9171 specifies the characteristics of 130 mm Optical disk cartridges (ODC) of the type providing for information to be written once and read many times. ISOAEC 9171-1 specifies definitions of the essential concepts; the environment in which the characteristics are to be tested; the environment in which the cartridge is to be operated and stored; - the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the case and of the Optical disk; - the Optical characteristics and the recording characteristics for recording the information once and for reading it many times, so as to provide physical interchangeability between data processing Systems. ISOAEC 9171-1 and ISO/IEC 9171-2, together with a Standard for volume and file structure, provide for full data interchange between data processing Systems. SIST EN 29171-2:1997

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 9171~21990 (E) Information technology - 130 mm Optical disk cartridge, write once, for information interchange - Part 2: Recording format 1 scope This part of ISO/IEC 9171 specifies two formats for the physical disposition of the tracks and sec- tors, the error correction Codes, the modulation methods used for recording and the quality of the recorded Signals. 2 Conformance An Optical disk is in conformance with Part 2 of this International Standard if it meets all manda- tory requirements of clause 4 and either those of clause 5 or those sf clause 6. A prerequisite for conformance with this part of ISO/IEC 9171 is conformance with ISO/IEC 9171-1. 3 Conventions and notations The following conventions and notations apply in this part of ISO/IEC 9171. 4 In each field the information is recorded so that the most significant byte (byte 0) is recorded first. Within each byte the least significant bit is numbered bit 0, the most significant bit (i.e. bit 7 in an 8-bit byte) is recorded first. This Order of recording applies also to the data input of the error-correcting Codes, to the cyclic redundancy Code, and to their code output. b) Unless otherwise stated, numbers are expressed in binary notation. Where hexadecimal notation is used, the hexadecimal digits are shown between parentheses. C) Bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left. d) Negative values are expressed in TWO’s complement notation. e) The setting of bits is denoted by ZERO and ONE. fl The name of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, etc., is shown with a capital initial. g) List of Acronyms ALPC AM CAV CRC DDS DMP DMT ECC ID ODC ODF PA PEP RLL (2,7) Auto Laser Power Control Address Mark Constant Angular Velocity Cyclic Redundancy Check Disk Definition Structure Defect Management Pointers Defect Management Track Error Correction Code Identifier Optical Disk Cartridge Offset Detection Flag Postamble Phase-Encoded Part Run Length Limited (Code) SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (IX) R-S R-S/LDC SFP SM VFO 4/1 S(Modulation) Reed-Solomon (Code) Reed-Solomon Long Distance Code Standard Formatted Part Seetor Mark Variable Frequency Oscillator Conversion table of 8-bit bytes to 15Channel bit representation on the disk Features common to both formats 4.1 Track Geometry 4.1.1 Track shape Esch track shall form a 360” turn of a continuous spiral. 4.1.2 Direction of rotation The disk shall rotate counter-clockwise as viewed by the objective lens. The tracks shall spiral outward. 4.1.3 Track pitch Except in the PEP Zone, the track pitch shall be: For Format A : 1,60 ym t OJO pm For Format B : 1,SO pm + 0,08 pm 4.1.4 Track number Esch track shall be identified by a track number. Track 0 shall be located at radius 30,OO mm & 0,lO mm. The track numbers of tracks located at radii larger than that of track 0 shall be increased by 1 for each track. The track numbers of tracks located at radii smaller than that of track 0 shall be negative and decrease by 1 for each track. Track-l shall be identified by (FFFF). 4.2 Formatted Zone The Formatted Zone shall extend from radius 27,00 mm to radius 61,OO mm and shall be divided as follows. The following dimensions are given as reference only and are nominal values. - Reflective Zone - Control Track PEP Zone - Transition Zone For SFP - Inner Control Track SFP Zone - Inner Manufacturer Zone 27,00 mm to 29,00 mm 29,00 mm to 29,SO mm 29,50 mm to 29,52 mm 29,52 mm to 29,70 mm 29,70 mm to 30,OO mm . Guard Band 29,70 mm to 29,80 mm . Manufacturer Test Zone 29,80 mm to 29,90 mm . Guard Band 29,90 mm to 30,OO mm - User Zone - Outer Manufacturer Zone - Outer Control Track SFP Zone - Lead-Out Zone 30,OO mm to 60,OO mm 60,oO mm to 60,15 mm 60,lS mm to 60,50 mm 60,50 mm to 61,OO mm This part of ISO/IEC 9171 does not specify the formst of the Reflective Zone, except that it shall have the same recording layer as the remainder of the Formatted Zone. SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) 4.3 The Transition Zone For SFP is an area in which the format changes from the PEP Zone with- out servo information to a zone including servo information. The Inner Manufacturer Zone is provided to allow the media manufacturer to perform tests on the disk, including write operations, in an area located away from recorded information. In this Zone the information in the tracks from track-1 to track-8 is not specified by this part of ISO/IEC 9171 and shall be ignored in interchange, except when using format B where track-2 is used for defect management. The purpose of the Guard Bands is to protect and buffer the areas that contain information from accidental darnage when the area between the Guard Bands is used for testing or calibration of the Optical System. The User Zone shall Start with track 0 and end with track N. The Outer Manufacturer Zone shall comprise 95 tracks and shall begin one track after the last user track (track N, see bytes 384 and 385 of the SFP Zone). In this Zone the information in the tracks from track (N + 1) to track (N + 8) is not specified by this part of ISO/IEC 9171 and shall be ignored in interchange. The Outer Control Track SFP Zone shall begin at track N+96 (see bytes 8 and 9 in the SFP Zone) and shall continue up to radius 60,5 mm. The Lead-Out Zone is used for the manufacturing purposes and shall not be used for write, read or positioning purposes. From radius 29,52 mm to radius 61,00 mm the Formatted Zone shall be provided with tracks containing servo and address information. Control tracks The three zones - Control Track PEP Zone - Inner Control Track SFP Zone - Outer Control Track SFP Zone shall be assigned for recording control track information. The control track information shall be recorded in two different formats, the first format in the Control Track PEP Zone, and the second in the Inner and Outer Control Track SFP Zones. The Control Track PEP Zone shall be recorded using low frequency Phase-encoded modulation. The Inner and Outer Control Track SFP Zones shall each consist of a band of tracks recorded by the same modulation method and format as is used in the User Zone. 4.4 Control Track PEP Zone This Zone shall not contain any servo information. All information in it shall be pre-recorded in Phase-encoded modulation. The marks in all tracks of the PEP Zone shall be radially aligned, so as to allow information recovery from this zone without radial tracking being established by the drive. 4.4.1 Recording in the PEP Zone In the PEP Zone there shall be 561 to 567 PEP bit cells per revolution. A PEP bit cell shall be 656 & 1 Channel bits long. A PEP bit is recorded by writing marks in either the first or the second half of the cell. A mark shall be nominally two Channel bits long and shall be separated from adjacent marks by a space of nominally two Channel bits. SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) A ZERO shall be represented by a Change from marks to no marks at the centre of the cell and a ONE by a Change from no marks to marks at this centre. PEP bit cell with PEP bit teil with a recorded ZERO a recorded ONE 2 Channel bits Figure 1 - Example of Phase-encoded modulation in the PEP Zone 4.4.2 Cross-track Ioss The density of tracks and the shape of marks in the PEP Zone shall be such that the cross- track loss shall meet the requirements: 1 mmax ( I < 2,0 1 mmin The Signal Im is the maximum amplitude in a group of three successive marks. Im,,, is the maximum value and Immin is the minimum value of Im obtained over one revolution. immax shall be greater than 0,4 10. The effect of defects shall be ignored. 00 000 00 32, c?- D- -- --cr -ö- 000 \ooooooooooooooooo \ . Laser beam - \/ Marks I I mmin + I mmax 0 Level Figure 2 - Path of the Iaser beam crossing tracks, and the resulting PEP Signals 4.4.3 Format of the tracks of the PEP Zone Esch track in the PEP Zone shall have three sectors as shown in figure 3. The numbers below the fields indicate the number of PEP bits in each field. SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/-IEC 917102:1990 (E) 4.4.3.1 Format of a sector Esch sector of 177 PEP bits shall have the foliowing layout. / Preamble / Sync / %;k;; / Data j CRC 4.4.3.1.1 4.4.3.1.2 4.4.3.1.3 4.4.3.1.4 16 1 8 144 8 Figure 4 - Seetor Format in the PEP Zone Preamble This field shall consist of 16 ZERO bits. Sync This field shall consist of 1 ONE bit. Seetor Number This field shall consist of eight bits specifying the sector number in binary notation from 0 to 2. Data l T I Seetor GaP Seetor GaP Seetor GaP I A 177 177 177 Figure 3 - Track format in the PEP Zone The gaps between sectors shall be unrecorded areas having a length corresponding to 10 to 12 PEP bit cells. This field shall comprise 18 8-bit bytes numbered 0 to 17. These bytes shall specify the following. Byte 0 Bit 7 when set to ZERO shall mean Format A, when set to ONE shall mean Format B. Bits 6 to 4 shall be set to 000 indicating a constant angular velocity (CAV). Other settings of these bits are prohibited by this part of ISO/IEC 9171 (see also Annex 3 . Bit 3 shall be set to ZERO Bits 2 to 0 when set to 000 shall mean RLL (2,7) mark Position modulation, when set to 100 shall mean 4/15 modulation. Other settings of these bits are prohibited by this part of ISO/IEC 9171. Byte 1 Bit 7 shall be set to ZERO SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) Bits 6 to 4 specify the error correction Code: when set to 000 shall mean R-S LDC degree 16, and 10 interleaves, when set to 001 shall mean R-S LDC degree 16, and 5 interleaves, when set to 100 shall mean R-S product code (48,445) x (14,123) Other settings of these bits arc prohibited by this part of ISO/IEC 9171. Bit 3 shall be set to ZERO Bits 2 to 0 following form Ul these b its shall specify in bina rY n .otation the powe a which expresses the nu mber of user bytes per sector r n of ‘2 in the 256 x 2” Values of rz other than 1 or 2 are prohibited by this part of ISO/IEC 9171. Byte 2 This byte shall specify in binary notation the number of sectors in track 0. Byte 3 This byte shall specify the manufacturer’s specification for the base line reflectance R of the disk when measured according to 13.2.1 of ISO/IEC 9171-1. It is specified as a number n between 0 and 100, such that n = 100R Byte 4 This byte shall specify whether the recording is on-land or in-groove, and shall indicate the Signal amplitude and the polarity of the pre-recorded marks. The absolute value of the Signal amplitude is given as a number n either between -50 and -20 or between + 20 and + 50, such that: n = 50 I, II, where 1, is the Signal from the low frequency pre-recorded marks and 1, is the Signal from an unrecorded, ungrooved area (see 13.4 of ISO/IEC 9171-1). Bit 7 when set to ZERO shall mean on-land recording, when set to ONE shall mean in-groove recording. Bits 6 to 0 shall express this number n. If bit 6 is set to ZERO this number is posi- tive. If bit 6 is set to ONE this number is negative and expressed in TWO’s complements. If this number is positive it tive it indicates high-to-low indicates low-to-high recording. recording, if it is nega- Byte 5 This byte shall specify the amplitude and polarity of user-written marks as a number n between -50 and + 127 such as n= 50 z, ll,t where 1” is the Signal of the low frequency user-written marks and Io1 is the on-track Signal from an unrecorded track. Bits 7 to 0 shall express this number n. If bit 7 is set to ZERO this number is posi- tive. If bit 7 is set to ONE this number is negative, and expressed in TWO’s complements. SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) If this number is positive it indicates low-to-high recording, if it is nega- tive it indicates high-to-low recording. Byte 6 This byte shall specify in binary notation a number n representing 20 times the maximum read power expressed in milliwatts which is permitted for reading the SFP Zone at a rotational frequency of 30 Hz and a wavelength of 825 nm. This number n shall be between 0 and 40. Byte 7 The byte shall specify the media type. 0001 0000 shall mean an Optical disk cartridge according to this part of ISO/IEC 9171. Other settings of this byte are prohibited by this part of ISO/IEC 9171 (see also Annex A) . Byte 8 This byte shall specify the most significant byte of the track number of the track in which the Outer Control Track SFP Zone Starts. Byte 9 This byte shall specify the least significant byte of the track number in which the Outer Control Track SFP Zone Starts. Bytes 10 to 13 These bytes shall be set to (FF). Bytes 14 to 17 The contents of these bytes are not specified by this part of ISO/IEC 9171. They shall be ignored in interchange. 4.4.3.1s CRC The CRC Character shall be computed over the Seetor Number field and the Data field. The generator polynomial shall be G(x) = xx + x4 + x3 + .* + 1 The residual polynomial R(x) shall be R(x) = (:z;+ +i”.i)x8 mod G(x) - - i=O where ai denotes a bit of the input data and Üi an inverted bit. The highest Order bit of the Seetor Number field is ~1st. The eight bits of the CRC are defined by k-7 R,(x) = &xk k= 0 where C’7 is recorded as the highest order- bit of the CRC byte of the PEP sector. 7 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISOPIEC 9171-2:1990 (E) 4.4.3.2 Summary of the format of the Data Field sf a sector of the PEP Zone Table 1 - Summary of the format of the Data field of a sector of the PEP Zone ECC 0 Number of User bytes Number of sectors in track 0 131 I Baseline reflectance at 825 nm I 4 1 L or G IAmplitude and polarity of pre-formatted data I Amplitude and polarity of user-recorded data 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I . 14 14 Not specified, Not specified, ignored in interchange ignored in interchange r r . . 15 15 Not specified, Not specified, ignored in interchange ignored in interchange I I 16 16 Not specified, Not specified, ignored in interchange ignored in interchange L L I I 17 17 Not specified, Not specified, ignored in interchange ignored in interchange 6 Max. read power for the SFP Zone at 30 Hz and 825 nm I . 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 . / I 8 I , Start track of Outer SFP Zone, MSB 0% track number , lgl I Start track of Outer SFP Zone, LSB sf track number I 4.5 Control Track SFP Zones The two Control Track SFP Zones shall be pre-recorded in the Standard User Data Format (see clauses 5 and 6). Esch sector of the SFP Zones shall include 512 bytes of information numbered 0 to 511 and grouped in five sections: - a duplicate of the PEP information (18 bytes), - media information (366 bytes), - System information (64 bytes), - bytes reserved for future standardization (32 bytes), 8 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) unspecified contents (32 bytes). In the case of 1024-byte sectors these first 5 12 bytes shall be followed by 512 (FF)-bytes. Both SFP Zones are filled with such sectors which all contain the same information. The DMP bytes (see 5.2.11.2 and 6.2.5) of each sector may not conform to this part of ISO/IEC 9171. 4.5.1 Duplicate of the PEP information Bytes 0 to 17 shall be identical with the 18 bytes of the Data field of a sector of the PEP Zone. 4.5.2 Media information Bytes 18 to 359 specify read and write Parameters at three laser wavelengths L 1, LA and L3. The base line reflectance RI, RT and R3 is specified for each wavelength. The read and write powers are specified for four different rotational frequencies NI, N2, N3 and N4 for each wavelength. For each IV four sets of write powers are given: three sets for constant pulse width and one set for constant power. Esch set contains three values for the inner, middle and outer radius. Bytes 18 to 27 and 3 1 to 34 are mandatory. They specify the conditions for L1 = 825 nm and Nl = 30 Hz. Bytes 28 to 30 and 48 to 359 are optional. They shall either specify the informa- tion indicated or be set to (FF). All values specified in bytes 18 to 359 shall be such that the requirements of clause 13 of ISOKIEC 9171-1 are met. Bytes 360 to 383 shall be set to (FF). Byte 18 This byte shall specify the such that wavelength L1 in nanometres as a number n between 0 and 255 n = 1/5 L, This byte shall be set to n = 165 for Optical disk cartridges according to this part of ISO/IEC 9171. Byte 19 This byte shall specify the baseline reflectance R1 at wavelength Ll as a number n between 0 and 100 such that n = 100 Rl Byte 20 This byte shall specify the rotational frequency N1 in hertz as a number n such that n = Nl This byte shall be set to n = 30 for Optical disk cartridges according to this part of ISO/IEC 9171. Byte 21 This byte shall specify the maximum read power Pl in milliwatts for the user Zone as a number n between 0 and 40 such that n = 20 Pl SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISOAEC 9171-2:1990 (E) The following bytes 22 tc.; SO specify, at constant pulse width, the write power P, in milliwatts indicated by the manufacturer of the disk. P, is expressed as a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = 5P, In these bytes 7” Stands for the constant pulse width, T for the time length of one Channel bit and r for the radius considered. Byte 22 This byte shall specify Y, for: r= Tx 1,00 r =30mm Byte 23 This byte shall specify P, for: T= T x 1,00 r =45mm Byte 24 This byte shall specify P, for: r= T x 1,00 r = 60mm Byte 25 This byte shall specify P, for: r= Tx 0,50 r = 30mm Byte 26 This byte shall specify P, for: T= Tx 0,50 r = 45mm Byte 27 This byte shall specify P, for: T = T x 0,50 r = 60mm Byte 28 This byte shall specify P, for: r= Tx 0,25 r = 30mm Byte 29 This byte shall specify P, for: T= Tx 0,25 r = 45mm 10 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) Byte 30 This byte shall specify P, for: T = T x 0,25 r = 60mm Byte 31 This byte shall specify a constant write power P, in milliwatts as a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = 5P, Byte 32 This byte shall specify the write pulse width TP in nanoseconds expressed by a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = T, for the constant write power specified by byte 31 and at a radius r = 30 mm. Byte 33 This byte shall specify the write pulse width T, in nanoseconds expressed by a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = TP for the constant write power specified by byte 31 and at a radius r = 45 mm. Byte 34 This byte shall specify the write pulse width TP in nanoseconds expressed by a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = TP for the constant write power specified by byte 31 and at a radius r = 60 mm. Bytes 35 to 47 These bytes shall be set to (FF). (See also Annex A). Byte 48 This byte shall specify, at wavelength L1, the rotational frequency N2 in hertz as a number n between 0 and 255 such that Byte 49 n = N2 This byte shall specify the maximum read power P2 in milliwatts for the User Zone as a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = 20 P* Bytes 50 to 62 For the values specified in bytes 18, 19, 48 and 49, bytes 50 to 62 shall specify the Parameters indicated in bytes 22 to 34. 11 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISOIIEC 9171-2:1990 (E) Bytes 63 to 75 These bytes shall be set to (FF). Byte 76 This byte shall specify, at wavelength L1, rotational frequency Nj in hertz expressed as a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = N3 Byte 77 This byte shall specify the maximum read power PJ in milliwatts for the user Zone, as a number n between 0 and 255 such that Bytes 78 to 90 n = 20 P3 For the values specified in bytes 18, 19, 76 and 77, bytes 78 to 90 shall specify the Parameters indicated in bytes 22 to 34. Bytes 91 to 103 These bytes shall be set to (FF). Byte 104 This byte shall specify, at wavelength L1, rotational frequency N4 in hertz as a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = N4 Byte 105 This byte shall specify the maximum read power Pd in milhwatts for the user Zone as a number n between 0 and 255 such that n = 20 P4 Bytes 106 to 118 For the values specified in bytes 18, 19, 104 and 105, bytes 106 to 118 shall specify the para- meters indicated in bytes 22 to 34. Bytes 119 to 131 These bytes shall be set to (FF). Byte 132 This byte shall specify wavelength LQ in nanometres as a number n between 0 and 255 such that Byte 133 n = 1/5 L* This byte shall specify the baseline reflectance R2 at wavelength L2 as a number n between 0 and 100 such that n = 100 R2 12 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) Bytes 134 to 245 The allocation of information to, or the setting of, these bytes shall correspond to those of bytes 20 to 131. The values specified shall be for LQ (byte 132) and R2 (byte 133). Byte 246 This byte shall that specify wavelength L3 in nanometres as a number n between 0 and 255 such n = 1/5 L3 Byte 247 This byte shall specify the baseline reflectance R3 at wavelength L3 as a number n between 0 and 100 such that n = 100 R3 Bytes 248 to 359 The allocation of information to, or the setting of, these bytes shall correspond to those of bytes 20 to 131. The values specified shall be for L3 (byte 246) and R3 (byte 247). Bytes 360 to 383 These bytes shall be set to (FF). (See also Annex A). 13 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) Table 2 - Summary of media information in the SFP Zone 11 / -J- (18) 1. 1 (22) PWl (23) (24) I (25) PW2 (26) (27) Pl (28) / (21) 1 Pw3 (29) (30) h' (20) CO"d Ipw(31) (32) TP i 1 (33) (34) 1 N2 pr - (50) to (48) (49) N 361 pr - (78) to (77) N4 Pr ,-w (106) to (104) (105) rt----- Mandatory Set to (FF) L_,___1 (62) (90) (118) f2i34) pi135) - (136) to (148) N2 pr - (164) to (176) 1162) ww N3 pr - (192) to (204) (190) (191) N4 pr - (220) to (232) VW (219) - (250) to (262) - (278) to (290) e (306) to (318) d (334) to (346) (332) WV 4.5.3 System Information (35 to 47) (63) to (75) . (91) to (103) (119) to (131) (149) to (161) (177) to (189) (205) to (217) (233) to (245) (263) to (275) (291) to (303) (319) to (331) (347) to (383) Bytes 384 and 385 specify in binar-y notation the track number N of the last track in the User Zone. The total number of tracks in this zone is (N + 1). Byte 384 This byte shall specify the most significant byte of this number. Byte 385 This byte shall specify the least significant byte of this number. Bytes 386 to 479 These bytes shall be set to (FF). 4.5.4 (See also Annex A). Unspecified Content The contents of bytes 480 to 511 are not specified by this part of ISO/IEC 9171. They shall be ignored in interchange. 14 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) 4.6 Requirements for Interchange 4.6.1 Equipment for writing The disk under test shall have been written with arbitrary data by a disk drive for data inter- Change use in the operating environment. Data shall be recorded in such a way that the requirements of 4.6.5 are met. 4.6.2 Test equipment for reading 4.6.2.1 General The read test shall be performed on a test drive in the test environment. The rotational frequency of the disk when reading shall be 30,O Hz + 0,3 Hz. The direction of rotation shall be counter-clockwise when viewed from the objective lens. 4.6.2.2 Optical characteristics of the read head 4 x + 15nm wavelength of the laser : 825 nm - 10 nm b) C> 4 wavelength over numerical aperture polarization of the light filling of the lens aperture : 1,59 pm * 0,04 Pm : circular : 1,0 max. e) variance of the wavefront at the recording layer . . x */180 max. 4.6.2.3 Read power 4 the read power for the PEP Zone shall not exceed 0,50 mW, b) the read power for the SFP Zone shall not exceed the value given in byte 6 of the PEP Zone (4.4.3.1.4), \ Cl the read power for the User Zone shall not exceed the value given in byte 21 of the SFP Zone (4.5.2). 4.6.2.4 Tracking The open-loop transfer function H for radial and axial tracking shall be H= ($fJ2 c s* within an accuracy such that 1 1 +HI does not deviate more than t 20% from its nominal value in a bandwidth from 30 Hz to 10 kHz, where s = i2Tf. The constant c shall be 3. The open-loop 0 dB frequency f0 shall be 1250 Hz for the axial servo and 1740 Hz for the radial servo. The open-loop DC gain of the axial servo shall be at least 100 dB. 15 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) 4.6.2.5 Read channel a> Read amplifier 4.6.3 Requirements for tracking The focus of the read head shall not jump tracks voluntarily. 4.6.4 4.6.4.1 Requirements for user data 4.6.4.2 4.6.4.3 A byte error shall be a user byte in which one or more bits have a wrong setting, as detected by the error detection and correction circuits. Any sector accepted as valid during the writing process shall not contain byte errors not correctable by the correction algorithm (see 6.2.3 and Annex C). Any sector not accepted as valid during the writing process shall have been rewritten according to the rules for defect management. 4.6.4.4 The rewrite criterion for a sector is not specified in this part of ISOIIEC 9171. The rewrite percentage, which reflects the quality of the disk, is not specified either, and shall be a matter of agreement between purchaser and supplier. 4.6.5 Requirement for interchange W Conversion of analog Signals to Channel bits The read amplifier after the Photo detector shall have a flat response from 100 kHz to 148 MHz within t 1 dß. Amplitude Saturation shall not occur. The Signals from the read amplifier shall be converted into Channel bits. The con- verter shall work properly for Signals where the amplitude 1~ sf the lowest occurring frequency is such that I I ZL I I 1” L 0,8 x - z ot 1 ot and the amplitude 1~ of the highest occurring frequency is such that within any sector. C) Zot is the Signal obtained from an unrecorded track when read-on-track; 1, is the Signal value specified in byte 5 of the PEP Zone. Conversion of Channel bits to user bytes The Channel bit Patterns shall be converted into g-bit bytes, including user data, check bytes, etc. (see 5.2.13 and 6.2.4.1). An interchanged Optical disk cartridge meets the requirements for interchangeability if it meets the requirements of 4.6.3 and 4.6.4 when it is written on an interchange drive according to 4.6.1 and read on a test drive according to 4.6.2. 5 Format A This format is based on a composite continuous servo tracking method. 16 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) 5.1 Track layout 5.1.1 Tracking Format A is characterized by continuous tracking centred between adjacent grooves that are preformed on the disk (land tracking), or continuous tracking centred in a Single groove (groove tracking), with the specific method being identified by byte 4 of the Control Track PEP Zone. There shall be no groove in the ODF Marks. Pre-recorded marks may be obtained by disconti- nuity of the grooves. In all other areas the tracks shall have continuous grooves. One Seetor w / ~~ Pregrooves 0 0 oL 000 m A ~t Pregroo”es 000 +- Pregrooves Preformatted ODF Header Infor- Mark mation 52 bytes 1 byte Figure 5 - Example of sector with offset detection flag for on-land recording (schematic) 5.1.2 Characteristics of pre-recorded information The characteristics of the Signals read shall apply either to land or to groove recording and shall refer to Signals obtained at the Optical head. Esch of these characteristics shall be measured under the conditions specified in 13.1 .l and 13.1.2 as weil as 13.3 of ISO/IEC 9171-1. 5.1.2.1 Groove-related Signals The following three requirements shall be met (see figure 6): Cross-track maximum Signal ratio 0,70 < (Zl + 12) max / Io < 1,OO where (11 + 12) is the sum output of the Split Photo diode detector when the beam crosses unrecorded tracks, and Io is the Signal obtained from an unrecorded, ungrooved area. - Push-pull ratio 0,40 < ( 1 Zl-I2 1 ) / Io < 0,65 where (11-12) is the peak-to-peak amplitude of the differential output of the Photodiode detector when the beam crosses unrecorded tracks. 17 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) - Cross-track Signal modulation ratio 0,30 < [(II +Jz)max - (Zl + Iz)min] / I, < 0,OO Over the whole disk this ratio shall not vary by more than 3 dB. The Phase depth of the grooves shall be iess than 180”. 5.1.2.2 The on-track Signal Io1 (see 13.3 of ISO/IEC 91714) equals either (11 -t iz)min or (Zl + 12)max. Seetor Mark Signal 5.1.2.3 The Seetor Mark Signal shall meet the requirement I 1 1 sm / Io > 0,50 where Zsm is the peak-to-peak ampiitude of the read Signal from the Seetor Mark. VFO Signals The VFO Signals shall meet the requirement 1 &/fo 1 1 1, > 0925 where Zvfo is the peak-to-peak amplitude of the read Signal in the VFO area. In addition the following condition shall be satisfied for each sector: I /vfo / lpmax I 22 OS 5.1.2.4 where Ipmax is the maximum Signal in the Header of that which are not Seetor Marks. Parameters of the read characteristics sector from pre-formatted marks Figure 6 Shows the different Parameters for the read characteristics. 18 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISOAEC 9171-2:1990 (E) Li ht beam f . Photodiodes Ul+ ul~ax ’ output I Ul+ Gnin Photodiode 0 Level 1. v~p/p\,flLv Beam across tracks (h-h) peak-to-peak Beam on f unrecordee track I Seetor Mark I- area 4 4 I sm l- VI?0 4 14 ID area area N----------- , ,4+mll, A I 0 Id0 Photodiodes output 0 Level Figure 6 - Illustration of various Parameters for read characteristics 5.2 Seetor Format Seetors shall have one of the two layouts shown in figure 7 and figure 8 depending on the number of user bytes in the Data field (see 52.11). When the sectors contain 1024 user bytes, there shall be 17 sectors per track, numbered 0 to 16; when the sectors contain 512 user bytes, there shall be 31 sectors per track numbered 0 to 30. The number of user bytes per sector is specified by byte 1 of the PEP and the SFP Zones. The pre-formatted area of 52 bytes, the Header, is the same for both types of Data field. Esch bit of an 8-bit byte shall be represented on the disk by two Channel bits (see 5.2.13). In figure 7 and figure 8 the numbers above and below the fields indicate the number of bytes in each field. 19 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 9171-2:1990 (E) 2 1 2 1 Track no. Seetor CRC no. J A ID1 A ID2 A ID3 P ODF Data Field SM VFOl M s ' VFO2 M VFO2 M A Flag VF03 Y User Data, Buff- Gaps n and DMP, CRC, er C ECC and ALPC Resync 5 12 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 1 14 12 3 1259 20 r - 4 Pre-formatted Header: 52 =i 1274 l 1360 Figure 7 - Seetor format for 1024 user bytes 5 14 2 1 2 1 3 5 3 2 , I 1 Track no. Seetor CRC ODF Gap Flag Gap ALPC no. A ID1 A ID2 A ID3 P ODF Data Field SM VFOl M s ' VFO2 M VFO2 M A Flag Gaps VF03 Y User Data, Buff- n and DMP, CRC, er C ALPC ECC, Resync and (FF) 5 12 1 5 8 1 5 8 1 5 1 14 12 3 650 15 h 1 h- - .\ e - -1 r - \ 7t I - l Pre-formatted Header: 52 665 l 746 Figure 8 - Seetor format for 512 user bytes 20 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) 5.2.1 Seetor Mark (SM) The Seetor Mark shall have a length of 5 bytes and shall consist of pre-recorded, continuous, lang marks of different Channel bits length followed by a lead-in to the VFO1 field. This Pattern does not exist in data. The Seetor Mark Pattern shall be as shown in figure 9, where T corresponds to the time length of one Channel bit. The polarity of the Signal obtained from a mark is specified by byte 4 of the PEP Zone. The long mark Pattern shall be followed bv the Channel bit pattern: 00X0010010 where X is not specified. 1OT ) b no mark mark 00x0010010 4 14T ) b Lang mark Pattern 6T 1OT -- Seetor mark L 1T Figure 9 - Seetor Mark Pattern with negative polarity 5.2.2 VFO areas There shall be four areas designated VFO1, VF02 and VF03 to leck up the VFO. The recorded information for VFOl and VF03 is identical in length and Pattern. VF02 shall be recorded with one of two Patterns differing only in the 1st bit and shall be 4 bytes shorter than VFOl and VF03. Since there are three ID fields, and RLL (2,7) modulation coding is used, the Pattern Chosen for each VF02 will depend on the last byte of the CRC recorded in the preceding ID field (see 5.2.13). The continuous channel bit Pattern for VFO areas shall be: VFOl : 192 Channel bits = 01001001001 . . . . 010010 VF02 : 128 Channel bits = 10010010010 . . . . 010010 VF02 : 128 Channel bits = 00010010010 . . . . 010010 VF03 : 192 Channel bits = 01001001001 . . . . 010010 52.3 Address Mark (AM) The AM is a channel bit Pattern not used in RLL (2,7) and is a run-length Violation for RLL (2,7). This 16-bit Channel bit Pattern shall be: 0100 1000 0000 0100 21 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.9 ID fields These fields shall each consist of five bytes. 1st Byte This byte shall specify the most significant byte of the track number. 2nd Byte This byte shall specify the least significant byte of the track number. 3rd Byte Bit 7 and 6 shali specify the ID number. When set to 00 shall mean the ID1 field, when set to 01 shall mean the ID2 field, when set to 10 shall mean the ID3 field. Bit 5 shall be ZERO. Bits 4 to 0 shall specify the sector number. 4th and 5th Bytes These two bytes shall specify a S-bit CRC computed over the first three bytes of this field (see Annex B). The generating polynomial shall be G(x) = xlh + xl* + x5 + 1 The initial setting of the CRC register shall be all ONEs. Postamble (PA) This field shall consist of one byte following the ID3 field. Due to the use of the RLL (2,7) encoding scheme (see 52.13) the framing of the last byte of CRC in the ID3 field is uncertain within a few bit times. The Postamble allows the last byte of CRC to achieve closure and permits the ID field to end always in a predictable manner. This is necessary in Order to locate the following field (ODF) in a consistent manner. Offset Detection Flag (ODF) This field shall be an area equal in length to 16 Channel bits with neither grooves nor pre-for- matted data. GaP This field shall consist of an unrecorded area equal in length to 48 Channel bits. Flag This field is intended to prevent inadvertent write operations over previously written data. When the sector does not contain user data, this field shall be unrecorded. When the sector does contain user data, this field shall contain a continuous Pattern of 80 user-written Channel bits as follows: 100100100100100100. ALPC This field shall consist of an initially unrecorded area equal in length to 32 Channel bits. It is intended for testing the laser power level. 22 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) 5.2.10 Sync This field shall be an area equal in length to 48 Channel bits and shall contain the Channel bit Pattern: 0100 0010 0100 0010 0010 0010 0100 0100 1000 0010 0100 1000 5.2.11 Data field This field shall consist of either: - 1259 bytes comprising . 1024 user bytes . 12 bytes for DMPs . 223 bytes for CRC, ECC and Resync or - 650 bytes comprising . 512 user bytes . 12 bytes for DMPs . 124 bytes for CRC, ECC and Resync . 2 (FF)-bytes. The disposition of these bytes in the Data field is specified in Annex C. 5.2.11.1 User bytes These bytes are at the disposal of the user for recording information. There are 1024 or 512 such bytes depending on the sector format. 5.2.11.2 Defect Management Pointers (DMP) This field shall consist of twelve bytes denoted by Px,y, where x = 1,2,3 and y = 1,2,3,4. It is used to specify the relationship between a replacement sector and the replaced sector found defective (see 5.3). A defective sector is a sector for which the ECC and/or the CRC has detected uncorrectable erroneous data. This relationship is expressed by means of Pointers. The format of a pointer P,,Y is as follows. 1st byte (Px,l) 2nd byte (P,,2) 3rd byte (P,,3) 4th byte (P,,4) . MSB of LSB of Seetor number (FF) track number track number Figure 10 - Format of a DMP In each sector there shall be three such Pointers Pl,, P2 Y P3 ,,. t , In each defective sector the Pointers shall be recorded as follows: Pointer Pr,, shall specify the address of this sector Pointer Pz,~ shall specify the address of the first replacement sector available Pointer P3,y shall have the same content as Pz,~. In each replacement sector the Pointers shall be recorded as follows: Pointer Pl,, shall specify the address of this sector Pointer P-, y b> shall specify the address of the defective sector 23 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) Pointer P3,y shall have the same contents as Pz,~. 5.2.11.3 CRC and ECC The computation of the check bytes of the CRC and ECC shall be as specified in Annex C. 5.2.11.4 Resync The C. Resync fields shall be inserted between the bytes of the Data field as specified in Annex 5.2.12 Buffer This field shall have a nominal length equal to 320 Channel bits (figure 7) or to 240 Channel bits (figure 8). Up to 16 additional Channel bits may be written in this field to allow comple- tion of the RLL (2,7) coding scheme (see 5.2.13). The remaining length is to allow for motor Speed tolerantes and other electrical ander mechanical tolerantes. Note - In the case of 512-byte sectors, the length of the Buffer has to be adjusted to enable the same clock frequency to be used as for 1024-byte sectors. The average length of a Buffer is 236,7 Channel bits. For the 31 sectors of a track, 17 sectors should have a Buffer of 236 Channel bits and 14 sectors should have a Buffer of 238 Channel bits. 5.2.13 Recording code The 8-bit bytes in three ID fields and in the Data fields, except for Resync bytes, shall be converted to Channel bits on the disk according to table 3. All other fields of the sector have already been defined in terms of Channel bits. Esch ONE Channel bit shall be recorded as a mark produced by switching on the laser at the appropriate power and pulse width. The encoding method shall be the run-length limited (RLL) code known as RLL (2,7). TabIe 3 - Conversion of input bits to channel bits 5.3 Defect management Input bi ts 10 010 0010 11 Oll 0011 000 Channel bits 0100 100100 00100100 1000 001000 00001000 000100 When data is followed by VF02 the latter shall be regarded as starting with bit Pattern 010 before converting to Channel bits. When data is followed by a Resync field, the latter shall be regarded as starting with bit Pattern Oll before converting to Channel bits. After a Resync field the RLL (2,7) coding shall Start anew with the first bit of the next byte of input data. This part of ISO/IEC 9171 specifies a defect management scheme using Defect Management Pointers (DMPs) and a linear replacement algorithm. The User Zone on each side of the disk contains two Defect Management Areas (DMAs) at the beginning of the zone and two DMAs at the end of the Zone. Esch DMA contains a Disk 24 SIST EN 29171-2:1997

ISO/IEC 917102:1990 (E) Structure Table (DST) with information on the structure of the disk. The area between the two groups of DMAs shall contain a Data Zone for recording user data and a Secondary Spare Area for recording replacement sectors. 5.3.1 Media initialization The Data Zone shall be divided into g groups sf equal size. Esch group shall comprise n data sectors followed by m Primary Spare Seetors. Seetors of the Data Zone not belonging to a group shall be located after the last group. The location of the first group and the
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