EN ISO 4589-3:2017
(Main)Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: Elevated-temperature test (ISO 4589-3:2017)
Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: Elevated-temperature test (ISO 4589-3:2017)
ISO 4589-3:2017 specifies methods for determining the minimum volume fraction of oxygen, in a mixture with nitrogen, that will support combustion of small vertical test specimens under specified test conditions over a range of temperatures between 25 °C and 150 °C. The range of temperatures is typically between 40 °C and 150 °C. The results are defined as temperature index values at the test temperature, which is typical of the practical temperature that a plastic material can experience in an overheated service situation.
Methods are provided for testing materials that are self-supporting at the test temperature in the form of vertical bars or sheet up to 10,5 mm thick. However, they are not applicable to form V which requires a supporting frame as defined in ISO 4589‑2:2017, Table 2. These methods are suitable for solid, laminated or cellular materials characterized by an apparent density 100 kg/m3 or higher. The methods are also applicable to some cellular materials having an apparent density of less than 100 kg/m3. A method is provided for testing flexible sheet or film materials while supported vertically.
ISO 4589-3:2017 also includes a method (see Annex A) for determining the temperature at which the OI of small vertical test specimens in air is 20,9 % under specified test conditions. The temperature at which this occurs is defined as the flammability temperature (FT) and the method is limited to the determination of temperatures less than 400 °C. The method is not applicable to materials having an OI of <20,9 %.
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Brennverhaltens durch den Sauerstoff-Index - Teil 3: Prüfung bei erhöhter Temperatur (ISO 4589-3:2017)
Dieser Teil von ISO 4589 legt die Verfahren zur Bestimmung des minimalen Volumenanteils an Sauerstoff im Gemisch mit Stickstoff fest, bei dem die Verbrennung kleiner Probekörper in senkrechter Lage unter festgelegten Prüfbedingungen in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen 25 °C und 150 °C aufrechterhalten wird. Der übliche Temperaturbereich liegt zwischen 40 °C und 150 °C. Die Ergebnisse sind als Temperaturindexwerte bei der Prüftemperatur definiert, die für die Temperatur charakteristisch ist, der Kunststoffmaterialien in der Praxis bei Übertemperatur ausgesetzt sein können.
Es werden Verfahren zur Prüfung von Werkstoffen angegeben, die als senkrechte Stäbe oder Platten einer Dicke bis zu 10,5 mm bei der Prüftemperatur selbsttragend sind. Sie sind jedoch nicht auf Probekörper der Form V anwendbar, die einen Auflagerrahmen, wie in Tabelle 2 von Teil 2 festgelegt, erfordern. Diese Verfahren sind für feste und laminierte Werkstoffe oder für Schaumstoffe mit einer Schütt und Stopfdichte von 100 kg/m3 oder höher geeignet. Die Verfahren dürfen auch auf einige Schaumstoffe mit einer Schütt und Stopfdichte unter 100 kg/m3 angewendet werden. Es wird ein Verfahren zur Prüfung senkrecht gehaltener flexibler Platten oder Folienwerkstoffe beschrieben.
Dieser Teil von ISO 4589 enthält auch ein Verfahren (siehe Anhang A) zur Bestimmung der Temperatur, bei der kleine senkrecht angeordnete Probekörper in Luft unter festgelegten Prüfbedingungen einen Sauerstoff-Index von 20,9 % aufweisen. Die Temperatur, bei der das eintritt, ist als Entflammbarkeitstemperatur (FT) definiert, und das Verfahren ist auf die Bestimmung von Temperaturen unter 400 °C beschränkt. Das Verfahren ist auf Werkstoffe nicht anwendbar, deren Sauerstoff-Index < 20,9 % ist.
Die in Übereinstimmung mit diesem Teil von ISO 4589 erzielten Ergebnisse sind nicht dafür anwendbar, um die Brandgefahr zu beschreiben oder abzuschätzen, die ein bestimmter Werkstoff oder eine bestimmte Formgebung bei einem tatsächlichen Brand darstellt, es sei denn, sie werden nur als Teil einer Brand-risikobewertung verwendet, die alle für die Bewertung der Brandgefahr bei einer bestimmten Werkstoffanwendung sachdienlichen Faktoren in Betracht zieht.
ANMERKUNG 1 Diese Verfahren sind unter Umständen auf Werkstoffe mit großem Schrumpf bei Erwärmung, z. B. stark gereckte dünne Folien, nicht zufriedenstellend anwendbar.
ANMERKUNG 2 Zur Bewertung der Brandfortleitungseigenschaften von Schaumstoffen mit einer Dichte < 100 kg/m3 wird auf das Verfahren in ISO 3582:2000, Flexible cellular polymeric materials — Laboratory assessment of horizontal burning characteristics of small specimens subjected to a small flame, verwiesen.
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement au feu au moyen de l'indice d'oxygène - Partie 3: Essai à haute température (ISO 4589-3:2017)
ISO 4589-3:2017 spécifie des méthodes pour la détermination de la fraction volumique minimale d'oxygène, dans un mélange oxygène/azote, qui permet d'entretenir la combustion de petites éprouvettes verticales dans des conditions d'essai spécifiées dans une gamme de températures comprises entre 25 °C et 150 °C. La gamme de températures est généralement comprise entre 40 °C et 150 °C. Les résultats sont définis en tant que valeurs de l'indice de température à la température d'essai, laquelle est caractéristique de la température à laquelle un matériau plastique est susceptible d'être soumis dans des conditions d'utilisation avec surchauffe.
Les méthodes sont définies pour les essais de matériaux rigides, à la température d'essai, sous la forme de barreaux verticaux ou de feuilles ayant une épaisseur maximale de 10,5 mm. Cependant, ces méthodes ne s'appliquent pas au type V qui nécessitent un châssis comme défini dans l'ISO 4589‑2:2017, Tableau 2. Ces méthodes sont utilisables avec les matériaux compacts, stratifiés ou alvéolaires ayant une masse volumique apparente égale ou supérieure à 100 kg/m3. Ces méthodes sont également applicables à certains matériaux alvéolaires ayant une masse volumique apparente inférieure à 100 kg/m3. Une méthode comportant un support vertical est également prévue pour les films et feuilles souples.
ISO 4589-3:2017 inclut également une méthode (voir Annexe A) pour la détermination de la température à laquelle l'indice d'oxygène de petites éprouvettes verticales est de 20,9 % dans l'air, dans des conditions d'essai spécifiées. La température à laquelle cela se produit est définie en tant que température d'inflammabilité (FT) et la méthode décrite permet uniquement l'obtention de températures inférieures à 400 °C. Cette méthode n'est pas applicable aux matériaux ayant un indice d'oxygène ≤20,9 %.
Polimerni materiali - Določanje gorljivosti s kisikovim indeksom - 3. del: Preskus pri zvišani temperaturi (ISO 4589-3:2017)
Ta dokument opisuje metodo za določanje najmanjšega prostorninskega deleža kisika v mešanici in z dušikom, namenjeni za podporo pri zgorevanju majhnih navpičnih preskušancev pri
določenih preskusnih pogojih. Rezultati so opredeljeni kot vrednosti kisikovega indeksa.
Zagotovljene so metode za preskušanje samonosnih materialov v obliki navpičnih palic ali plošč debeline do 10,5 mm. Te metode so primerne za trdne, laminirane ali penjene materiale, za katere je značilna gostota 100 kg/m3 ali več. Metode se lahko uporabijo tudi pri nekaterih penjenih materialih z gostoto manj kot 100 kg/m3. Metoda je zagotovljena za preskušanje prožnih plošč ali tankoslojnih materialov, ki so navpično podprti.
Za primerjavo je zagotovljen postopek za določanje, ali je kisikov indeks materiala
nad neko določeno minimalno vrednostjo.
OPOMBA: Teh metod morda ne bo mogoče uporabiti v zadovoljivi meri pri materialih, ki se zaradi segrevanja močno krčijo, npr. tanek film.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2017
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 4589-3:1999
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþDQMHJRUOMLYRVWLVNLVLNRYLPLQGHNVRPGHO 3UHVNXV
SUL]YLãDQLWHPSHUDWXUL ,62
Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: Elevated-
temperature test (ISO 4589-3:2017)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Brennverhaltens durch den Sauerstoff-Index - Teil 3:
Prüfung bei erhöhter Temperatur (ISO 4589-3:2017)
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement au feu au moyen de l'indice d'oxygène -
Partie 3: Essai à haute température (ISO 4589-3:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4589-3:2017
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 4589-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.40; 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 4589-3:1996
English Version
Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen
index - Part 3: Elevated-temperature test (ISO 4589-
3:2017)
Plastiques - Détermination du comportement au feu au Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Brennverhaltens durch
moyen de l'indice d'oxygène - Partie 3: Essai à haute den Sauerstoff-Index - Teil 3: Prüfung bei erhöhter
température (ISO 4589-3:2017) Temperatur (ISO 4589-3:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 March 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
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EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4589-3:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 4589-3:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by
NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017 and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4589-3:1996.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4589-3:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4589-3:2017 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4589-3
Second edition
2017-04
Plastics — Determination of burning
behaviour by oxygen index —
Part 3:
Elevated-temperature test
Plastiques — Détermination du comportement au feu au moyen de
l’indice d’oxygène —
Partie 3: Essai à haute température
Reference number
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Arrangement . 2
5.2 Test chimney . 2
5.3 Test specimen holder. 3
5.4 Gas supplies . 3
5.5 Gas control devices . 3
5.6 Oxygen analyser . 3
5.7 Flame igniter . 4
5.8 Timing device . 4
5.9 Fume extraction system . 4
6 Calibration and maintenance of equipment . 4
7 Preparation of test specimens . 4
7.1 Sampling . 4
7.2 Test specimen dimensions and preparation . 4
7.3 Marking of test pieces . 4
7.4 Conditioning . 4
8 Procedure. 5
8.1 Setting up the apparatus and test specimen . 5
8.2 Igniting the test specimen . 5
8.3 Assessing burning behaviour . 5
8.4 Selecting successive volume fractions of oxygen . 5
8.5 Determining the preliminary volume fraction of oxygen . 5
8.6 Volume fraction of oxygen changes . 6
9 Calculations and expression of results . 6
10 Comparison with a specified minimum value of the temperature index at a
specified temperature (short procedure) . 6
11 Precision . 6
12 Test report . 6
Annex A (normative) Measurement of flammability temperature (FT).12
Annex B (informative) Interlaboratory test data on flammability temperature .15
Annex C (informative) Typical test results sheet .16
Bibliography .19
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 4, Burning
behaviour.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4589-3:1996), which has been technically
revised.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4589 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
Introduction
This document has been prepared to extend the methods available for the determination of flammability
by oxygen index (OI) (see ISO 4589-2) to typical elevated temperatures to which a plastic material can
be exposed in a service situation. It also provides a method for determining the temperature at which
combustion of a small bar of material is just supported in air under certain test conditions; the resulting
temperature is termed the flammability temperature.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 4589-2 which describes the basic OI
test method.
Results obtained in accordance with this document are not applicable to describe or appraise the fire
hazard presented by a particular material or shape under actual fire conditions, unless used as one
element of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to the
assessment of the fire hazard of a particular application for the material.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
Plastics — Determination of burning behaviour by
oxygen index —
Part 3:
Elevated-temperature test
1 Scope
This document specifies methods for determining the minimum volume fraction of oxygen, in a
mixture with nitrogen, that will support combustion of small vertical test specimens under specified
test conditions over a range of temperatures between 25 °C and 150 °C. The range of temperatures is
typically between 40 °C and 150 °C. The results are defined as temperature index values at the test
temperature, which is typical of the practical temperature that a plastic material can experience in an
overheated service situation.
Methods are provided for testing materials that are self-supporting at the test temperature in the form
of vertical bars or sheet up to 10,5 mm thick. However, they are not applicable to form V which requires a
supporting frame as defined in ISO 4589-2:2017, Table 2. These methods are suitable for solid, laminated
or cellular materials characterized by an apparent density 100 kg/m or higher. The methods are also
applicable to some cellular materials having an apparent density of less than 100 kg/m . A method is
provided for testing flexible sheet or film materials while supported vertically.
This document also includes a method (see Annex A) for determining the temperature at which the
OI of small vertical test specimens in air is 20,9 % under specified test conditions. The temperature
at which this occurs is defined as the flammability temperature (FT) and the method is limited to the
determination of temperatures less than 400 °C. The method is not applicable to materials having an OI
of <20,9 %.
NOTE 1 It might not be possible to apply these methods satisfactorily to materials that exhibit high levels of
shrinkage when heated, e.g. highly oriented thin film.
NOTE 2 For assessing the flame propagation properties of cellular materials of density <100 kg/m , attention
is drawn to the method described in ISO 3582.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4589-1, Plastics — Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 4589-2:2017, Plastics — Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index — Part 2: Ambient-
temperature test
ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4589-1, ISO 13943 and the
following apply.
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
flammability temperature
FT
temperature at which flaming combustion of a material is supported in air that has a volume fraction of
oxygen of 20,9 %
3.2
temperature index
TI
minimum volume fraction of oxygen, in a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, at a test temperature that
supports flaming combustion of a material under specified test conditions
Note 1 to entry: The test temperature will typically be between 40 °C and 150 °C.
3.3
ignition
DEPRECATED: sustained ignition
〈flaming combustion〉 initiation of sustained flame
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.188]
4 Principle
A small test specimen is supported vertically in a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen flowing upwards
through a transparent heated chimney. The upper end of the specimen is ignited, and the subsequent
burning behaviour of the specimen is observed to compare the period for which burning continues, or
the length of specimen burnt with specified limits for such burning. By testing a series of specimens
in different volume fractions of oxygen, the minimum volume fraction of oxygen is estimated. General
requirements for the apparatus and test method are given in ISO 4589-1.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Arrangement
The apparatus specified in 5.2 to 5.6 shall be arranged as indicated in Figures 1 to 4, as appropriate.
5.2 Test chimney
The test chimney shall consist of two concentric heat-resistant glass tubes supported vertically between
an insulating top plate and a base through which oxygen-containing gas mixtures can be introduced.
The chimney is provided with a heating element suitable for use in conjunction with a preheater for
heating the incoming gas mixture. This is to maintain the test atmosphere within the inner tube in the
vicinity of the test specimen at within ± 3 °C of any specific test temperature up to, and including 125 °C
and at within ± 5 °C of any higher test temperature at which the equipment is intended to be used. The
heating element shall not impede adequate observation of a test specimen under test.
The preferred dimensions of the inner tube are 450 mm to 500 mm minimum height, and 75 mm to
100 mm diameter cylindrical bore. The upper outlet should preferably be restricted as necessary by an
overhead cap having an outlet small enough to produce an exhaust velocity of at least 90 mm/s at 23 °C
± 2 °C from a flow rate within the chimney of 40 mm/s at 23 °C ± 2 °C (see Note). The height of the outer
tube should be similar to that of the inner tube, and the radial clearance between the inner and outer
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO 4589-3:2017(E)
tubes should be between 5 mm and 10 mm. Chimneys of other dimensions, with or without restricted
outlets, may be used if shown to give equivalent results.
The bottom of the chimney, or the base upon which the chimney is supported, shall incorporate a means
for distributing evenly the gas mixture entering the inner tube. A satisfactory means comprises beads
of diameter between 3 mm and 5 mm in a layer between 80 mm and 100 mm deep. Other devices, such
as radial manifolds, may be used if shown to give equivalent results.
A porous screen may be mounted below the level of the test piece holder to prevent falling combustion
debris from fouling the gas entry and distribution paths.
The chimney support may incorporate a levelling device and indicator to facilitate vertical alignment
of the chimney, and a test piece supported therein. A dark background may be provided to facilitate
observation of flames within the chimney.
NOTE For inner tubes of diameter 75 mm to 100 mm, a cap converging to an outlet of diameter 40 mm at a
level at least 10 mm above the top of the cylindrical chimney is satisfactory. For such tubes also, an electrical-
resistance heating element dissipating up to about 1 000 W and helically wound around the outer surface of
the tube with a graded distribution of winding pitch so that the temperature is evenly distributed is suitable in
conjunction with a preheater comprising a cylindrical ceramic body with longitudinal holes and containing a
heating element dissipating up to about 1 000
...
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