EN 16602-70:2016
(Main)Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and processes
Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and processes
This European Standard specifies the requirements and statements applicable to materials, mechanical parts and processes to satisfy the mission performance requirements.
This standard also specifies the documentation requirements and the procedures relevant to obtaining approval for the use of materials, mechanical parts and processes in the fabrication of space systems and associated equipment.
This standard covers the following:
- management, including organization, reviews, acceptance status and documentation control;
- selection criteria and rules;
- evaluation, validation and qualification, or verification testing;
- procurement and receiving inspection;
- utilization criteria and rules.
The relationship between activities and programme phases is defined in Annex E.
The provisions of this standard apply to all actors involved at all levels in the production of space systems. These can include manned and unmanned spacecraft, launchers, satellites, payloads, experiments, electrical ground support equipment, mechanical ground support equipment, and their corresponding organizations.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Werkstoffe, mechanische Teile und Prozesse
Assurance produit des projets spatiaux - Matériaux, composants mécaniques et procédés
La présente Norme européenne définit les exigences et principes applicables aux matériaux, composants mécaniques et procédés qui permettent de satisfaire aux exigences de performance fixées pour la mission.
Elle définit également les exigences documentaires et les procédures permettant d’obtenir l’autorisation d'utiliser les matériaux, les composants mécaniques et les procédés dans la fabrication des systèmes spatiaux et des équipements associés.
La présente Norme couvre les points suivants :
- le management, et notamment l’organisation, les revues, les états d’acceptation et le contrôle de la documentation ;
- les critères et règles de sélection ;
- les essais d'évaluation, de validation, de qualification ou de vérification ;
- l'approvisionnement et l'inspection d’entrée ;
- les critères et règles d'utilisation.
Les relations entre les activités et les phases du programme sont définies à l’Annexe E.
Les dispositions de la présente Norme s’appliquent à tous les acteurs impliqués à tous les niveaux de la production de systèmes spatiaux. Ces niveaux peuvent inclure les véhicules spatiaux automatisés ou à pilotage manuel, les lanceurs, les satellites, les charges utiles, les expérimentations, les équipements sol de tests électriques et mécaniques et les organisations correspondantes.
La présente Norme peut être adaptée aux caractéristiques et contraintes spécifiques d'un projet spatial, conformément à l'ECSS-S-ST-00.
Zagotavljanje varnih proizvodov v vesoljski tehniki - Materiali, mehanski deli in procesi
Namen tega standarda je opredelitev zahtev in izjav, ki se uporabljajo za materiale, mehanske dele in postopke, za izpolnjevanje zahtev glede ciljev misije. Ta standard opredeljuje tudi ustrezne zahteve glede dokumentacije in postopke za pridobivanje odobritve za uporabo materialov, mehanskih delov in postopkov pri izdelavi vesoljskih sistemov in z njimi povezane opreme. Ta standard obravnava naslednje elemente: • upravljanje, vključno z organizacijo, pregledi, stanjem odobritve in nadzorom dokumentacije; • izbirne kriterije in pravila; • ocenjevanje, potrjevanje in kvalifikacijo oziroma preverjanje; • zagotavljanje kontrole in vhodna kontrola; • kriterije uporabe in pravila. Razmerje med dejavnostmi in fazami programa je opredeljeno v dodatku E.
Določbe tega standarda se uporabljajo za vse izvajalce, vključene na vseh ravneh proizvodnje vesoljskih sistemov. Ti lahko zajemajo vesoljska plovila s posadko ali brez nje, lansirnike, satelite, tovore, poskuse, električno podporno opremo na tleh, mehansko podporno opremo na tleh in njihove ustrezne ureditve. Ta standard se lahko prilagodi posameznim lastnostim in omejitvam vesoljskega projekta v skladu s standardom ECSS-S-ST-00.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 04-Oct-2016
- Withdrawal Date
- 29-Apr-2017
- Technical Committee
- CEN/CLC/TC 5 - Space
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/CLC/TC 5/WG 6 - Upstream standards
- Current Stage
- 9060 - Closure of 2 Year Review Enquiry - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 04-Jun-2022
- Completion Date
- 04-Jun-2022
Relations
- Effective Date
- 09-Dec-2015
Overview
EN 16602-70:2016 - Space product assurance: Materials, mechanical parts and processes - defines the requirements, documentation and approval procedures for materials, mechanical parts and manufacturing or processing methods used in space systems. The European standard applies across all programme phases and actors involved in producing manned and unmanned spacecraft, launchers, satellites, payloads, ground support equipment and related assemblies. It may be tailored for a specific project in conformance with ECSS‑S‑ST‑00.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Management and organisation
- Establishment of an MMPP plan, assignment of an MMPP Manager and an MPCB (Materials/Mechanical/Process Control Board).
- Document control, review cycles and acceptance status tracking.
- Selection criteria and technical constraints
- Material and part selection driven by environmental and mission constraints: temperature, thermal cycling, vacuum, off‑gassing/toxicity, flammability, radiation, electrostatic charging, corrosion, atomic oxygen, micrometeoroids/debris, moisture behaviour, wear, hydrogen embrittlement and biochemical risks.
- Evaluation, validation, qualification and verification
- Defined phases for evaluation, validation/qualification and approval of materials, parts and processes.
- Use of verification testing and formal deviation/approval requests where needed.
- Declared lists and criticality analysis
- Use of Declared Materials List (DML), Declared Mechanical Parts List (DMPL) and Declared Processes List (DPL) as formal DRDs.
- Criticality analysis to determine verification and qualification rigor.
- Procurement, incoming inspection and traceability
- Procurement specifications, source inspection and incoming inspection procedures.
- Requirements for packaging, storage, traceability, limited‑life items and nonconformance handling.
- Cleanliness, contamination and safety
- Cleanliness and contamination control requirements, plus handling of hazardous materials and safety‑related mechanical parts.
- Process control
- Formal process specifications, training, verification/re‑verification and mandatory inspection points (MIP).
Practical applications
- Ensures mission performance and reliability by controlling materials, parts and processes used in space hardware.
- Supports procurement, supplier qualification, incoming inspection and configuration management.
- Guides designers, systems engineers and product assurance teams in selecting materials/parts compatible with space environments.
- Helps project managers and QA leads document approvals, deviations and lifecycle controls across programme phases (see Annex E for activity–phase mapping).
Who should use this standard
- Space industry product assurance engineers, systems engineers, procurement specialists, suppliers/manufacturers, test & integration teams, and programme managers involved in spacecraft, launches, satellites, payloads and ground support equipment.
Related standards
- Supersedes EN 13291‑3:2003.
- May be tailored in conformance with ECSS‑S‑ST‑00 (space project tailoring guidance).
Keywords: space product assurance, materials selection, mechanical parts, declared materials list (DML), declared mechanical parts list (DMPL), declared process list (DPL), qualification, validation, traceability, contamination control, space systems.
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Frequently Asked Questions
EN 16602-70:2016 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and processes". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the requirements and statements applicable to materials, mechanical parts and processes to satisfy the mission performance requirements. This standard also specifies the documentation requirements and the procedures relevant to obtaining approval for the use of materials, mechanical parts and processes in the fabrication of space systems and associated equipment. This standard covers the following: - management, including organization, reviews, acceptance status and documentation control; - selection criteria and rules; - evaluation, validation and qualification, or verification testing; - procurement and receiving inspection; - utilization criteria and rules. The relationship between activities and programme phases is defined in Annex E. The provisions of this standard apply to all actors involved at all levels in the production of space systems. These can include manned and unmanned spacecraft, launchers, satellites, payloads, experiments, electrical ground support equipment, mechanical ground support equipment, and their corresponding organizations. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
This European Standard specifies the requirements and statements applicable to materials, mechanical parts and processes to satisfy the mission performance requirements. This standard also specifies the documentation requirements and the procedures relevant to obtaining approval for the use of materials, mechanical parts and processes in the fabrication of space systems and associated equipment. This standard covers the following: - management, including organization, reviews, acceptance status and documentation control; - selection criteria and rules; - evaluation, validation and qualification, or verification testing; - procurement and receiving inspection; - utilization criteria and rules. The relationship between activities and programme phases is defined in Annex E. The provisions of this standard apply to all actors involved at all levels in the production of space systems. These can include manned and unmanned spacecraft, launchers, satellites, payloads, experiments, electrical ground support equipment, mechanical ground support equipment, and their corresponding organizations. This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
EN 16602-70:2016 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 49.140 - Space systems and operations. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 16602-70:2016 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 13291-3:2003. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 16602-70:2016 is associated with the following European legislation: Standardization Mandates: M/496. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
EN 16602-70:2016 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13291-3:2004
Zagotavljanje varnih proizvodov v vesoljski tehniki - Materiali, mehanski deli in
procesi
Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and processes
Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Werkstoffe, mechanische Teile und Prozesse
Assurance produits des projets spatiaux - Matériaux, composants mécaniques et
procédés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16602-70:2016
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 16602-70
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2016
ICS 49.140
Supersedes EN 13291-3:2003
English version
Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and
processes
Assurance produits des projets spatiaux - Matériaux, Raumfahrtproduktsicherung - Werkstoffe,
composants mécaniques et procédés mechanische Teile und Prozesse
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 May 2016.
CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN 16602-70:2016 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
Table of contents
European foreword . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 11
3.1 Terms from other standards . 11
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 11
3.3 Abbreviated terms. 12
3.4 Nomenclature . 13
4 General requirements. 14
4.1 MMPP management requirements . 14
4.1.1 Overview . 14
4.1.2 MMPP plan . 14
4.1.3 MMPP Manager and MPCB . 17
4.2 Management and consolidation of the activities . 18
4.2.1 Overview . 18
4.2.2 Establishing and processing of lists . 18
4.2.3 Management of the lists . 19
4.2.4 Supplier role and responsibilities . 20
4.3 Technical constraints . 21
4.4 Cleanliness and contamination control . 21
4.5 Safety hazardous mechanical parts and materials . 21
4.6 Optical, mechanical or electrical GSE hardware . 22
4.7 Selection of space materials and processes . 22
5 Materials control . 23
5.1 Technical criteria for selection of materials . 23
5.1.1 General . 23
5.1.2 Temperature . 23
5.1.3 Thermal cycling and thermo optical . 23
5.1.4 Vacuum . 24
5.1.5 Offgassing and toxicity . 24
5.1.6 Flammability . 25
5.1.7 Radiation . 25
5.1.8 Electrical charge and discharge . 25
5.1.9 Corrosion . 25
5.1.10 Stresscorrosion . 26
5.1.11 Fluid compatibility . 26
5.1.12 Galvanic compatibility . 26
5.1.13 Atomic oxygen . 26
5.1.14 Micrometeoroids and debris . 27
5.1.15 Moisture absorption and desorption . 27
5.1.16 Mechanical contact surface effects: cold welding, fretting, wear . 29
5.1.17 Life . 29
5.1.18 Bacterial and fungus growth . 29
5.1.19 Hydrogen embrittlement . 29
5.2 Selection . 30
5.2.1 General . 30
5.2.2 Constraints . 31
5.3 Declared materials list (DML) . 31
5.4 Criticality analysis . 32
5.4.1 Overview . 32
5.4.2 Requirements . 32
5.5 Evaluation and validation phases . 32
5.5.1 General . 32
5.5.2 Evaluation phase . 32
5.5.3 Validation phase . 33
5.5.4 Approval phase . 33
5.5.5 Deviation request . 33
5.6 Procurement of materials . 34
5.6.1 Procurement specifications . 34
5.6.2 Incoming inspection procedure. 34
5.7 Use of materials . 34
5.7.1 Validation status of materials . 34
5.7.2 Traceability of materials . 35
5.7.3 Packaging, storage, removal from storage . 35
5.7.4 Limitedlife materials before implementation . 35
5.7.5 Limitedlife materials after implementation . 35
5.7.6 Materials nonconformances and alerts . 35
5.7.7 Health and safety . 35
6 Mechanical parts control . 36
6.1 Selection of mechanical parts . 36
6.2 Selection . 36
6.3 Declared mechanical parts list (DMPL) . 36
6.4 Criticality analysis . 36
6.4.1 Overview . 36
6.4.2 Requirements . 37
6.5 Evaluation and qualification phases . 37
6.5.1 General . 37
6.5.2 Evaluation phase . 37
6.5.3 Qualification phase. 38
6.5.4 Approval phase . 38
6.5.5 Deviation request . 38
6.6 Procurement of mechanical parts . 38
6.6.1 General . 38
6.6.2 Procurement specification . 39
6.6.3 Source inspection . 39
6.6.4 Incoming inspection procedure. 39
6.7 Use of mechanical parts . 39
6.7.1 Qualification status of mechanical parts . 39
6.7.2 Traceability of mechanical parts . 39
6.7.3 Packaging, storage, removal from storage . 40
6.7.4 Limitedlife mechanical parts or parts subject to wearout . 40
6.7.5 Mechanical parts nonconformances and alerts . 40
7 Process control . 41
7.1 Specifications or procedures . 41
7.2 << deleted >> . 41
7.3 Process selection and training . 41
7.4 Declared processes list (DPL) . 42
7.5 Criticality analysis . 42
7.5.1 Overview . 42
7.5.2 Requirements . 42
7.6 Evaluation and verification phase . 43
7.6.1 General . 43
7.6.2 Evaluation phase . 43
7.6.3 Verification phase . 43
7.6.4 Approval phase . 44
7.6.5 Deviation request . 44
7.7 Use of a process . 44
7.7.1 Verification status of a process. 44
7.7.2 Reverification of a process . 44
7.7.3 Implementation of a process . 44
7.7.4 Traceability of processes. 45
7.7.5 Process nonconformances and alerts . 45
7.7.6 Mandatory inspection points (MIP) . 45
7.7.7 Packaging, storage, removal from storage . 45
Annex A (normative) Declared materials list (DML) - DRD . 46
A.1 DRD identification . 46
A.2 Expected response . 46
Annex B (normative) Declared mechanical parts list (DMPL) - DRD . 53
B.1 DRD identification . 53
B.2 Expected response . 53
Annex C (normative) Declared process list (DPL) - DRD . 59
C.1 DRD identification . 59
C.2 Expected response . 59
Annex D (normative) Request for approval (RFA) - DRD . 64
D.1 DRD identification . 64
D.2 Expected response . 64
Annex E (informative) Relationship between materials, mechanical parts,
processes activities and programme phases . 68
E.1 Feasibility phase (phase A) . 68
E.2 Preliminary definition phase (phase B) . 68
E.3 Detailed definition and production phase (phase C or D) . 68
E.4 Utilization phase (phase E) . 69
Annex F (informative) MMPP documents delivery with respect to
milestones . 70
Bibliography . 72
Figures
Figure 41: Materials, mechanical parts and processes flow chart . 15
Figure A1 : Example of a realized DML . 52
Figure B1 : Example of a realized DMPL . 58
Figure C1 : Example of realized DPL . 63
Figure D1 : Example of RFA (Page 1 of 2) . 66
Figure D1 : Example of RFA (Page 2 of 2) . 67
Tables
Table 41: Steps to be taken to get approval for materials, mechanical parts and
processes (MMPP) . 17
Table 51: Compatible couples for bimetallic contacts . 28
Table A1 : Material group numbers . 47
Table A2 : Environmental code . 49
Table A3 : Size code . 50
Table A4 : Approval status . 51
Table B1 : Mechanical part group numbers . 54
Table B2 : Environmental code . 55
Table B3 : Approval status . 57
Table C1 : Process group numbers . 60
Table C2 : Approval status . 62
Table F1 : MMPP documents delivery w.r.t. milestones . 71
European foreword
This document (EN 16602-70:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN-CENELEC/TC 5
“Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard (EN 16602-70:2016) originates from ECSS-Q-ST-70C Rev.1.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13291-3:2003.
The main changes with respect to EN 13291-3:2003 are listed below:
- new EN number and modified title,
- Reorganization of the content of the document to separate descriptive text and requirements,
including clarification, modification of requirements and implementation of change requests,
- Alignment of the three Standards EN 16603-32-08 (based on ECSS-E-ST-32-08C Rev.1),
EN 16602-70 (based on ECSS-Q-ST-70C Rev.1) and EN 16602-70-71 (based on ECSS-Q-ST-70-
71C),
- Additon of Subclauses 5.1.18 "Bacterial and fungus growth", 5.1.19 "Hydrogen embrittlement"
and 5.1.20 "Manned environment" coming from ECSS-Q-ST-70-71A Rev.1.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association.
This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and has therefore precedence
over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. : aerospace).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Scope
This European Standard specifies the requirements and statements applicable
to materials, mechanical parts and processes to satisfy the mission performance
requirements.
This standard also specifies the documentation requirements and the
procedures relevant to obtaining approval for the use of materials, mechanical
parts and processes in the fabrication of space systems and associated
equipment.
This standard covers the following:
• management, including organization, reviews, acceptance status and
documentation control;
• selection criteria and rules;
• evaluation, validation and qualification, or verification testing;
• procurement and receiving inspection;
• utilization criteria and rules.
The relationship between activities and programme phases is defined in Annex E.
The provisions of this standard apply to all actors involved at all levels in the
production of space systems. These can include manned and unmanned
spacecraft, launchers, satellites, payloads, experiments, electrical ground
support equipment, mechanical ground support equipment, and their
corresponding organizations.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristics and constraints of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in
this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title
EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system - Glossary of terms
EN 16603-20-06 ECSS-E-ST-20-06 Space engineering - Spacecraft charging
EN 16601-80 ECSS-M-ST-80 Space product assurance - Risk management
EN 16602-10 ECSS-Q-ST-10 Space product assurance - Product assurance
management
EN 16602-10-04 ECSS-Q-ST-10-04 Space product assurance - Critical-item control
EN 16602-10-09 ECSS-Q-ST-10-09 Space product assurance - Nonconformance control
system
EN 16602-20 ECSS-Q-ST-20 Space product assurance - Quality assurance
EN 16602-40 ECSS-Q-ST-40 Space product assurance - Safety
EN 16602-70-01 ECSS-Q-ST-70-01 Space product assurance - Cleanliness and
contamination and control
EN 16602-70-02 ECSS-Q-ST-70-02 Space product assurance - Thermal vacuum
outgassing test for the screening of space materials
EN 16602-70-04 ECSS-Q-ST-70-04 Space product assurance - Thermal testing for the
evaluation of space materials, processes, mechanical
parts and assemblies
EN 16602-70-06 ECSS-Q-ST-70-06 Space product assurance - Particle and UV radiation
testing of space materials
EN 16602-70-09 ECSS-Q-ST-70-09 Space product assurance - Measurements of thermo-
optical properties of thermal control materials
EN 16602-70-21 ECSS-Q-ST-70-21 Space product assurance - Flammability testing for
the screening of space materials
EN 16602-70-22 ECSS-Q-ST-70-22 Space product assurance - Control of limited
shelf-life materials
EN 16602-70-29 ECSS-Q-ST-70-29 Space product assurance - Determination of
offgassing products from materials and assembled
articles to be used in a manned space vehicle crew
compartment
EN 16602-70-36 ECSS-Q-ST-70-36 Space product assurance - Material selection for
controlling stress-corrosion cracking
EN 16602-70-37 ECSS-Q-ST-70-37 Space product assurance - Determination of the
susceptibility of metals to stress-corrosion cracking
EN 16602-70-71 ECSS-Q-ST-70-71 Space product assurance - Materials, processes and
their data selection
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms from other standards
a. For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-
ST-00-01 apply, in particular for the following terms:
1. material
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard
3.2.1 critical mechanical part
mechanical part that requires specific attention or control due to fracture
mechanics aspects and limited-life aspects, or with which the supplier has no
previous experience of using the mechanical part in the specific application and
environment or that are new or non-qualified, or that has caused problems
during previous use that remain unresolved
3.2.2 critical process
process new to an individual company or non-verified for the application in
question or has caused problems during previous use that remain unresolved
3.2.3 critical material
material that is new to an individual company or non-validated for the
particular application and environment, or that has caused problems during
previous use that remain unresolved
3.2.4 mechanical part
piece of hardware which is not electrical, electronic or electromechanical, and
which performs a simple elementary function or part of a function in such a
way that it can be evaluated as a whole against expected requirements of
performance and cannot be disassembled without destroying this capability
3.2.5 process
set of inter-related resources and activities which transforms a material or
semi-finished product into a semi-finished product or final product
3.2.6 request for approval (RFA)
document with which the supplier or user asks the competent body for
permission to use a critical material, part or process
3.2.7 special process
process where quality cannot be completely ensured by visual inspection of the
end article only
3.3 Abbreviated terms
For the purpose of this document, the abbreviated terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01
and the following apply:
Abbreviation Meaning
Aluminium Association
AA
attitude and orbit control system
AOCS
atomic oxygen
ATOX
American Iron and Steel Institute
AISI
Copper Development Association
CDA
critical design review
CDR
carbon fibre reinforced polymer
CFRP
configuration item number (as per project definition)
CI
declared material list
DML
declared mechanical part list
DMPL
declared process list
DPL
document requirements definition
DRD
electrical, electronic and electromechanical
EEE
European Space Agency
ESA
European Space Materials Database
ESMDB
gaseous oxygen
GOX
ground support equipment
GSE
low Earth orbit
LEO
liquid oxygen
LOX
mandatory inspection point
MIP
Materials, mechanical parts and processes
MMPP
Metallic Materials Properties Development and
MMPDS
Standardisation
Material, Mechanical Parts and Processes Control Board
MPCB
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA
nonconformance report
NCR
nonconformance review board
NRB
product assurance
PA
preliminary design review
PDR
Abbreviation Meaning
process identification document
PID
parts, materials, processes
PMP
qualification review
QR
qualification review report
QRR
request for approval
RFA
request for deviation
RFD
stress-corrosion cracking
SCC
3.4 Nomenclature
The following nomenclature applies throughout this document:
a. The word “shall” is used in this standard to express requirements. All the
requirements are expressed with the word “shall”.
b. The word “should” is used in this standard to express recommendations.
All the recommendations are expressed with the word “should”.
NOTE It is expected that, during tailoring,
recommendations in this document are either
converted into requirements or tailored out.
c. The words “may” and “need not” are used in this standard to express
positive and negative permissions, respectively. All the positive
permissions are expressed with the word “may”. All the negative
permissions are expressed with the words “need not”.
d. The word “can” is used in this standard to express capabilities or
possibilities, and therefore, if not accompanied by one of the previous
words, it implies descriptive text.
NOTE In ECSS “may” and “can” have completely
different meanings: “may” is normative
(permission), and “can” is descriptive.
e. The present and past tenses are used in this standard to express
statements of fact, and therefore they imply descriptive text.
General requirements
4.1 MMPP management requirements
4.1.1 Overview
The general MMPP activity within the framework of a project is summarized in
Figure 4-1.
4.1.2 MMPP plan
a. The supplier shall prepare, maintain and implement a MMPP plan, as
part of the overall PA plan in conformance with DRD from Annex A of
ECSS-Q-ST-10 and this standard or as a separate document.
b. The MMPP plan shall be submitted to the customer for approval.
Functional and technical specifications Risk and contamination analysis
Project list and incident databank Results of previous uses
Start Identification of needs Selection Criticality analysis
Preliminary lists
No Yes Yes
Evaluation
Critical?
necessary?
No
Yes
Conform to
requirements?
No
Validation or qualification Evaluation and validation or
qualification or verification
or verification programme
Test programme
Test
Programme
Programme
RFA first Issue
Deviation
RFA first Issue
PDR
No
Accept?
Yes
No
Accept?
Yes
New test?
Evaluation tests
Yes
No
Test results
No
Yes
Validation or qualification
Accept? New
or verification programme
selection?
Yes Test results
No
No
Accept?
Yes Deviation
Yes
New
test?
RFA final issue
No
No
Accept?
Yes
Validation or qualification or
verification programme
No
New
Yes
Accept?
selection?
Test results
Yes
No
Yes
New test?
RFA final issue
Deviation
No
New Yes
selection?
No
Accept?
No
Accept?
No
Yes
Yes
Deviation
No
Accept?
Yes
as-designed lists
CDR
To Part 2 From Part 2 (NRB decision)
Figure 4-1: Materials, mechanical parts and processes flow chart
To Part 1
From Part 1
Procurement of materials Procurement of mechanical parts
Packing, storage
Removal from storage, conformity
check with requirements
No
Accept?
Yes
Implementation of processes
No
Accept?
Yes
Yes
No
NRB Use
NCR
Inspection
No
Accept?
Yes
Utilization
No
Accept?
Yes
-
as-built lists
QR
end
Figure 4-1: Materials, mechanical parts and processes flow chart (continued)
Table 4-1: Steps to be taken to get approval for materials, mechanical parts and
processes (MMPP)
Materials Mechanical parts Processes
Phase Step Comments Step Comments Step Comments
Critical 1 1 1
Analysis
Evaluation 2 Critical materials 2 Mechanical parts are Critical processes are
(usually by test are tested, e.g. tested by, for evaluated by testing
methods outgassing, SCC, example, vibration, “technology
defined by flammability. thermal analysis, samples” including
off-gassing and life
ECSS all, for example,
standards) test. electrical
interconnection
processes and
painting, adhesive
bonding, welding.
Verification Not applicable Not applicable 3 Verification tests
usually defined in
ECSS standards
Validation 3 Not applicable Not applicable
Qualification Not applicable 3 Not applicable
Approval By RFA (Annex D) By RFA (Annex D) or By RFA (Annex D) or
or DML DMPL/DPL DPL
NOTE 1 Project approval is always by means of the request for approval (RFA) form and the projects’ declared materials list
(DML), declared mechanical parts list (DMPL) and declared processes list (DPL).
NOTE 2 The details for approvals of MMPP lists are contained in this standard.
NOTE 3 To summarize: Materials are validated.
Mechanical parts are qualified.
Processes are verified.
In addition: Skills training schools are ESA-certified.
Outside test or evaluation laboratories are certified by agency or company audits.
Operators for special processes are trained, certified and
monitored.
4.1.3 MMPP Manager and MPCB
a. << deleted >>
b. << deleted >>
c. The supplier shall appoint a MMPP manager.
d. The MMPP Manager shall ensure that the Materials, Mechanical Parts
and Processes used to manufacture a spacecraft or a launcher satisfy both
the ground and flight functional requirements and constraints of the
project.
e. To obtain the validation status for materials and qualification status for
parts and verification status for processes, the MMPP manager shall
present to the customer activities which were performed in conformance
with requirement 4.1.3d together with the results obtained.
f. The MMPP manager shall organize Materials, Mechanical Parts and
Processes Control Board (MPCB) at all suppliers with the task to review
and approve the Materials, Mechanical Parts and Processes as specified
in the Clauses 5, 6, and 7.
g. The MPCB activity shall start not later than at PDR.
h. The MMPP Manager shall agree with the customer on the MPCB’s
activities at PDR.
i. Minimum tasks of the MPCB shall be as follows:
1. Coordination of the initiation and approval of RFA’s in
conformance with DRD from the Annex D by involving the
relevant technical discipline.
2. Review and approval of test programme and related results.
3. Review of preliminary Declared Materials, Mechanical Parts and
Processes Lists and of any available evidence to support the
approval, by the PDR.
4. Review and approval of Declared Materials, Mechanical Parts and
Processes Lists and of the evidence for the approval by the CDR.
5. Review and approval of any change to the approved Declared
Materials, Mechanical Parts and Processes Lists.
4.2 Management and consolidation of the activities
4.2.1 Overview
The relationship between materials and processes activities and programme
phases is shown in Annex E.
4.2.2 Establishing and processing of lists
a. Each supplier and sub-supplier shall establish, collect, review and deliver
the declared materials, mechanical parts and processes lists including all
the items intended for use in the flight equipment.
b. The lists specified in 4.2.2a shall reflect the current design at the time of
issue.
c. The lists specified in 4.2.2a shall contain the materials, mechanical parts
and processes used in the current design to:
1. demonstrate compliance with all requirements of the programme;
2. verify the results of equipment supplier activities;
3. control and monitor the status of materials, mechanical parts and
processes in conformance with programme milestones.
NOTE See Annex F.
d. The following constraints should apply:
1. maximum use of the materials and processes specified in approved
data sources and items already approved on similar projects;
2. use of project related preferred lists, if available.
NOTE For approved data sources see example of
ESMDB database in the Annex A of the ECSS-
Q-ST-70-71.
e. The following constraints shall be assessed:
1. requirements originating from the initial technical specification.
2. programmatic project requirements and conditions.
f. An analysis of the criticality of preliminary lists specified in the 4.2.2a
shall be performed such that, after checking the conformity of the
materials, mechanical parts and processes, against all the project
requirements, allows them to be classified into three categories:
1. Critical items, subject to evaluation, validation, qualification, or
verification programmes.
2. Items that are not critical but which do not conform to one or more
project requirements.
3. Non-critical items.
g. For items classified as critical in conformance with 4.2.2f.1 a request for
approval shall be submitted in conformance with Annex D.
h. For items classified as not critical but which are not in conformance with
one or more project requirements in accordance with 4.2.2f.2 a justified
deviation request should be drafted.
4.2.3 Management of the lists
a. The supplier shall document all materials in the Declared materials list in
conformance with Annex A.
b. The supplier shall document all mechanical parts in the Declared
mechanical parts list in conformance with Annex B.
c. The supplier shall document all processes in the Declared process list in
conformance with Annex C.
d. The supplier shall process the lists of lower level suppliers to ensure
exchangeabililty, traceability searchability, sortability, storability and
retrievability for that set of lists, before submitting it to the customer.
e. The lists specified in the requirement 4.2.3a, 4.2.3b and 4.2.3c shall be
updated during the course of the project.
f. The preliminary lists specified in the requirement 4.2.3a, 4.2.3b and 4.2.3c
shall include the items from suppliers’ preliminary needs.
NOTE They are used to identify critical items
(available for the PDR).
g. The as-designed lists shall include the items from the baselines various
design files, available for CDR.
h. Any change after CDR or QR shall be reflected in the list and shall be in
accordance with Figure 4-1 (Part 2).
NOTE 1 The MMPP manager is responsible within the
programme to ensure that all the information
needed is given and that the approval status is
consistent with technical and scheduling
objectives and data is exchangeable.
NOTE 2 Where no project requirements exist for a
separate DMPL, the mechanical parts can be
entered into a separate section of the DML.
NOTE 3 The materials of, for example, screws and nuts
that are made up of a few materials can be
listed in the DMPL. The materials (metals and
plastics) of complex parts can be listed in the
DML with, for example, outgassing, toxicity,
flammability, corrosion and stress corrosion
values and reference to the DMPL item.
i. The supplier shall establish, collect, review and deliver the declared
materials, mechanical parts and processes lists in an electronic format in
conformance with Annex A, Annex B, and Annex C.
j. The supplier shall demonstrate that the lists specified in the requirements
4.2.3a, 4.2.3b and 4.2.3c have been formally approved prior to their
delivery to the customer.
4.2.4 Supplier role and responsibilities
a. The supplier shall perform the following tasks:
1. obtaining the correct and complete lists from lower level suppliers;
2. providing provisional and, later, definitive approval for each list;
3. submitting the project declared lists for approval prior to initiation
of the hardware phase, before CDR.
b. The lists specified in the requirement 4.2.3i by the suppliers shall include
all the information described in this standard.
c. Amendments to the lists specified in the requirement 4.2.3 a, b and c shall
be implemented through established change procedures.
d. The following documentation shall be delivered to the customer upon
request:
1. RFA with reference and issue in conformance with DRD in Annex D;
2. evaluation reports;
3. deviation requests.
e. The material, mechanical parts or process justification files shall be made
available to the customer upon request either on the supplier site, or by
any other process agreed by both parties.
NOTE For example, by non-disclosure agreement.
4.3 Technical constraints
a. Mechanical parts, and materials and processes shall satisfy the mission’s
functional requirements and constraints.
b. Mechanical parts, and materials and processes shall satisfy both ground
environment and flight requirements and constraints.
NOTE Examples are:
• Ground environment constraints:
manufacture, tests, storage, maintenance,
transport and integration
• Flight constraints: launch and orbit.
c. << deleted >>
d. The estimated availability of the parts and products obtained from
materials and processes used shall be compatible with the space system’s
life cycle.
NOTE Examples of space system’s life cycle are tests,
storage and mission.
4.4 Cleanliness and contamination control
a. The supplier shall establish and maintain a contamination and cleanliness
control programme including, as a minimum:
1. cleaning procedures, and
2. cleanliness monitoring procedures or methods.
b. The risks of chemical or particle pollution generated by parts, materials
or processes used shall be identified and reduced as specified in ECSS-M-
ST-80, 7.2, in conformance with mission requirements.
NOTE Cleanliness or contamination analysis is
example of mission requirem
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