EN ISO 12216:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 12216:2003
Mala plovila - Okna, lopute, pokrovi in vrata - Zahteve za trdnost in odpornost proti
vodi (ISO 12216:2002)
Small craft - Windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and doors - Strength and
watertightness requirements (ISO 12216:2002)
Kleine Wasserfahrzeuge - Fenster, Bullaugen, Luken, Seeschlagblenden und Türen -
Anforderungen an die Festigkeit und Wasserdichtheit (ISO 12216:2002)
Petits navires - Fenêtres, hublots, panneaux, tapes et portes - Exigences de résistance
et d'étanchéité (ISO 12216:2002)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12216:2018
ICS:
47.080 ýROQL Small craft
91.060.50 Vrata in okna Doors and windows
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 12216
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 47.080 Supersedes EN ISO 12216:2002
English Version
Small craft - Windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and
doors - Strength and watertightness requirements (ISO
12216:2002)
Petits navires - Fenêtres, hublots, panneaux, tapes et Kleine Wasserfahrzeuge - Fenster, Bullaugen, Luken,
portes - Exigences de résistance et d'étanchéité (ISO Seeschlagblenden und Türen - Anforderungen an die
12216:2002) Festigkeit und Wasserdichtheit (ISO 12216:2002)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 April 2018.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12216:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of Directive 2013/53/EU aimed to be covered . 4

European foreword
The text of ISO 12216:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188 “Small craft” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 12216:2018.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 12216:2002.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2013/53/EU.
For relationship with EU Directive 2013/53/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12216:2002 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12216:2018 without any modification.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of Directive 2013/53/EU aimed to be covered
This European standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request M/542
C(2015) 8736 final to provide one voluntary means of conforming to Essential Requirements of Directive
2013/53/EU.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance
with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of
this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that
Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex I and Annex II of
Directive 2013/53/EU
Essential Clause(s)/sub- Remarks/Notes
Requirements of clause(s) of
Directive this EN
2013/53/EU
Annex I, Part A, 3.4 – 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 This standard specifies the scantling determination of
Openings in hull, deck windows, portlights, deadlights, hatches and doors.
Annexes A, B, C, D,
and superstructure The structure supporting these elements shall be in
E, F
accordance with EN ISO 12215.
The design categories specified in EN ISO 12217 shall
be used where required.
This standard does not specify requirements for
through-hull fittings designed to allow water passage
into and/or out of the hull.
Annex I, Part A, 3.8 – 6.3.7 In respect of multihull escape hatch dimensions,
Escape glazing material, opening requirements and hinge
disposition only.
The characteristics set out in clause 6.3.7 of this
standard in respect of multihull escape hatches are
applicable for all habitable multihulls considered to be
susceptible to inversion according EN ISO 12217-
2:2015, clause 7.11, not only those with L >12m.
H
Annex II, 5 – 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Clause 6.3.8 specifies the information to be supplied
Components – with commercially available appliances at the time of
Annexes A, B, C, D,
Prefabricated hatches purchase.
E, F
and portlights
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12216
First edition
2002-06-01
Small craft — Windows, portlights, hatches,
deadlights and doors — Strength and
watertightness requirements
Petits navires — Fenêtres, hublots, panneaux, tapes et portes —
Exigences de résistance et d'étanchéité

Reference number
ISO 12216:2002(E)
©
ISO 2002
ISO 12216:2002(E)
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ii © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 General requirements.7
4.1 General.7
4.2 Strength.7
4.3 Positive closure.7
4.4 Watertightness.7
4.4.1 Minimum degree of watertightness .7
4.4.2 Additional requirements related to watertightness .8
5 Plate materials.8
5.1 General.8
5.2 Acrylic sheet materials.8
5.3 Glass.9
5.3.1 Restrictions of usage.9
6 Specific requirements.9
6.1 End connection and location of plate.9
6.1.1 Simply supported plates.9
6.1.2 Semi-fixed plates.9
6.2 Fastening requirements.10
6.2.1 Fastening of plates and frames.10
6.2.2 Fastening of semi-fixed plates .10
6.2.3 Fastening of glued plates .10
6.3 Special requirements.11
6.3.1 Appliances fitted in Area I.11
6.3.2 Appliances fitted in Area II a .12
6.3.3 Sliding appliances.14
6.3.4 Doors made with removable sections: washboards.14
6.3.5 Locking system.14
6.3.6 Deadlights.14
6.3.7 Multihull escape hatches .14
6.3.8 Commercially available appliances .15
7 Scantling determination of non-stiffened plates.15
7.1 Monolithic plate thickness determination.15
7.1.1 Determination based on allowable stress criterion .15
7.1.2 Determination based on allowable deflection criterion.15
7.1.3 Applicability of 7.1.1 and 7.1.2 .16
7.2 Selection of monolithic plate thickness.16
7.3 Plate aspect-ratio coefficients, k and k .16
r f
7.4 Basic design pressure .17
7.5 Pressure reduction factor.18
7.6 Curvature coefficient.18
7.7 Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity .18
7.8 Safety factor and minimum plate thickness .19
7.9 Laminated glass thickness.20
8 Sandwich plates, stiffened and/or supported plates .20
ISO 12216:2002(E)
Annex A (normative) Appliance location areas .21
Annex B (normative) Types of plate edge connection.22
Annex C (normative) Unsupported plate dimensions.24
Annex D (normative) Methods of test .26
Annex E (normative) High-impact-resistance glass .33
Annex F (informative) Precalculated tables.34
Annex G (informative) Background information .60
Bibliography .62

iv © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12216 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft.
Annexes A, B, C, D and E form integral parts of this International Standard. Annexes F and G are for information
only.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12216:2002(E)

Small craft — Windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and
doors — Strength and watertightness requirements
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies technical requirements for windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights and doors
on small craft of hull length up to 24 m, taking into account the type of craft, its design category, and the location of
the appliance.
The appliances considered in this International Standard are only those that are critical for the craft's
watertightness, i.e. those that could lead to flooding in case of rupture of the plate.
This International Standard is mostly intended to be used for recreational craft, but it may be used for non-
recreational small craft of hull length up to 24 m, excluding lifeboats. However, it is not applicable to commercial or
work boats used in severe conditions.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 6603–1:2000, Plastics — Determination of multiaxial impact behaviour of rigid plastics — Part 1: Non-
instrumented impact testing
1)
ISO 7823–1:— , Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheets — Types, dimensions and characteristics — Part 1: Cast
sheets
2)
ISO 8666:— , Small craft — Principal data
2)
ISO 9094-1:— , Small craft — Fire protection — Part 1: Craft with a hull length of up to and including 15 m
2)
ISO 9094-2:— , Small craft — Fire protection — Part 2: Craft with a hull length of over 15 m
ISO 11812:2001, Small craft — Watertight cockpits and quick-draining cockpits
ISO 12217 (all parts):2002, Small craft — Stability and buoyancy assessment and categorization
EN 356:1999, Glass in building — Security glazing — Testing and classification of resistance against manual
attack
EN 1063:1999, Glass in building — Security glazing — Testing and classification of resistance against bullet attack

1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 7823-1:1998)
2) To be published.
ISO 12216:2002(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
appliance
device made of a plate and possibly a framing system, used to cover an opening in the hull or superstructure of a
boat
EXAMPLE Windows, portlights, hatches, deadlights, doors, sliding appliances, escape hatches.
3.2
plate
sheet of material, which may be transparent, that is fixed on the boat structure either directly or via a framing
system
3.2.1
stiffened plate
plate equipped with stiffeners
3.2.2
non-stiffened plate
plate directly fixed on its supports
3.2.3
glazing
transparent or translucent plate
3.2.4
unsupported dimensions of a plate
clear dimensions between the supports bearing the plate
NOTE See annexes B and C.
3.3
passage
clear opening through which people or material may pass
NOTE This definition can be used in defining passage dimensions and passage area.
3.4
window
portlight
glazed appliance
NOTE The term “portlight” is generally used for a small window.
3.5
deck hatch
appliance fitted on decks and superstructures
3.6
companionway door
door or closing appliance intended to close a companionway opening
3.7
escape hatch
appliance intended to provide an exit and designated means of escape
2 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
3.8
multihull escape hatch
appliance allowing a viable means of escape in the event of inversion
NOTE As this hatch is not normally totally immersed in the upright and inverted position, it is usually fitted below deck level
on the hull side, nacelle or crossarm bottom, or transom.
3.9
deadlight
shutter
secondary watertight closure, fitted to a window, a hatch or a door, and which may be fitted inside or outside the
plate
3.10
closing appliance
device used to cover an opening in the cockpit, hull or superstructure
3.11
sliding appliance
appliance that can slide in a rabbet or a frame
3.11.1
framed plate sliding appliance
plate mechanically connected to a frame that slides in a rabbet or a frame
3.11.2
frameless plate sliding appliance
plate without frame that slides in a rabbet or a frame
3.12
design category
description of the sea and wind conditions for which a boat is assessed to be suitable
3.12.1
design category A
category for “ocean” sailing
boat designed for extended voyages where conditions experienced may exceed wind force 8 (Beaufort Scale) and
significant wave heights of 4 m and above, but excluding abnormal conditions (e.g. hurricanes)
3.12.2
design category B
category for “offshore” sailing
boat designed for offshore voyages where conditions up to and including wind force 8 (Beaufort Scale) and
significant wave heights up to and including 4 m may be experienced
3.12.3
design category C
category for “inshore” sailing
boat designed for voyages in coastal waters, large bays, estuaries, lakes and rivers, where conditions up to and
including wind force 6 (Beaufort Scale) and significant wave heights up to and including 2 m may be experienced
3.12.4
design category D
category for sailing in “sheltered waters”
boat designed for voyages in sheltered waters, small bays, estuaries, lakes, rivers and canals, where conditions up
to and including wind force 4 (Beaufort Scale) and maximum occasional wave heights up to and including 0,5 m
may be experienced
ISO 12216:2002(E)
3.13
sailing boat
boat for which the primary means of propulsion is by wind power, having:
2/3
A W 0,07 × (m )
S LDC
where
A is the projected sail area according to ISO 8666;

S
m is the loaded mass of the boat, expressed in kilograms.
LDC
NOTE Motor sailers are regarded as sailing boats.
3.14
motor boat
boat designed to use engine power as its primary means of propulsion
3.15
waterline
side projection of the flotation plan, when the boat is upright and in fully loaded ready-for-use conditions
3.16
length of hull
L
H
length of hull according to ISO 8666
3.17
appliance location area
area of the boat where the appliance is fitted
NOTE See annex A for sketches showing examples of appliance location areas.
3.17.1
area I
part of the hull sides situated above waterline, i.e. up to its intersection with the weather deck (for decked craft), or
the upper edge of the hull (for open craft or partially decked craft), but only to the following upper boundary:
 a horizontal line located at the height h above waterline in the rear half of the waterline (see Figure 1);
S
 a sloped line having a height h at mid waterline, and a height 1,2h at the front end of the waterline, with
S S
 h = L /12 for sailing monohulls,
S H
 h = L /17 for motor boats, sailing catamarans and central hull of sailing trimarans.
S H
NOTE The outer hulls of sailing trimarans are considered to be entirely in Area I.
4 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
Key
1 Area I
2 Area II b
Figure 1 — Limits of Areas I and II b
3.17.2
area II a
area, other than Area I, where persons are liable to walk or step, such as decks, superstructures, cockpit soles, at
an inclination of less than 25° to the horizontal in a longitudinal direction, and at an inclination of less than 50° to
the horizontal in the transversal direction respectively for sailing monohulls, or 25° for multihulls
3.17.3
area II b
areas from the hull sides not belonging to Area I
NOTE 1 The following areas may be included if they correspond to the definition:
 transoms of all types of craft;
 rear faces of transverse girders of multihulls when located above the waterline.
NOTE 2 Areas placed below the waterline are not covered by this International Standard.
NOTE 3 Areas on which people may stand or step, even inadvertently, are part of Area II a.
EXAMPLE Top of sailboat coachroof on which one may stand or attend to sails.
NOTE 4 Superstructure areas on which people may not normally stand or step, are not part of Area II a, but Area III.
EXAMPLE Top of motorboat wheelhouse out of normal working deck areas.
3.17.4
area III
area, other than Area I or II
EXAMPLE Superstructures, decks or cockpits soles which cannot be considered as belonging to Area II.
NOTE On some boat types, Area III may be divided into particular areas. For example superstructure front and
superstructure sides on motorboats.
3.17.5
area IV
parts of Area III protected from the direct impact of sea or slamming waves
EXAMPLE Cockpit sides, rear faces of superstructures.
ISO 12216:2002(E)
NOTE Areas other than the ones given in the example may be included in Area IV. The protection against impact from the
sea shall be taken into account by the manufacturer.
3.18
type of plate end connection
NOTE See annex B for sketches showing examples of types of plate end-connection.
3.18.1
semi-fixed
SF plate
plate fixed in a way to restrict deflection and prevent lateral movement at its boundaries
EXAMPLE Unframed or framed plate, if bolted and/or glued.
3.18.2
simply supported
SS plate
plate that can deflect at its boundaries and/or perform lateral movement
EXAMPLE Unframed plate, whether hinged or sliding.
3.18.3
flexibly connected plate
simply supported plate where the connection is achieved by an elastic support around the perimeter of the plate
NOTE A car windscreen joint, shown in Figure B.3, is a flexibly connected plate where there is no overlap between the plate
and its support, hence the plate may be pushed in the boat by the outside pressure.
3.19
watertightness
capacity of an appliance or a fitting to prevent ingress of water inside the boat
3.20
degree of watertightness
capacity of an appliance or fitting to resist ingress of water according to the conditions of exposure to water
3.20.1
degree of watertightness 1
protection against effects of continuous immersion in water
3.20.2
degree of watertightness 2
protection against effects of temporary immersion in water
3.20.3
degree of watertightness 3
protection against splashing water
3.20.4
degree of watertightness 4
protection against water drops falling at an angle of up to 15° from the vertical
3.21
glass material
3.21.1
annealed glass
sheet glass
glass as delivered directly from the fabrication cycle without subsequent treatment
6 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
3.21.2
tempered glass
toughened safety glass
glass where better mechanical properties are obtained by thermal treatment
3.21,3
chemically reinforced glass
glass where better mechanical properties are obtained by chemical treatment
3.21.4
monolithic glass
glass consisting of one ply of glass
3.21.5
laminated glass
multi-layer sheet having glass as outer plies, where the inside plies are made of plastic inter-layers, plastic sheets,
glass, or other glazing material
4 General requirements
4.1 General
Other International Standards, e.g. dealing with stability and buoyancy, may have restrictions on the position of
appliances which are outside the scope of this International Standard and which are therefore not treated here. It is
however necessary for the builder or user to ensure that the appliances comply with other relevant International
Standards.
4.2 Strength
The strength of plates, framing, tracks and fastening shall meet the requirements of this International Standard.
4.3 Positive closure
Opening appliances shall be positively fixed, when closed, to avoid any inadvertent opening.
EXAMPLES Bolts, latches.
4.4 Watertightness
To avoid flooding, all appliances shall be designed and fixed to prevent substantial ingress of water when closed.
4.4.1 Minimum degree of watertightness
The required minimum degree of watertightness of an appliance is a function of the boat's design category. These
requirements are given in Table 1.
The required degree of watertightness of prefabricated appliances shall be tested by the appliance manufacturer
before installation on the craft, according to Table 1, using the test method defined in D.1.1.
The required degree of watertightness of any appliance, after installation on the craft, shall meet the requirements
of Table 1.
If tests are made, the method described in D.1.2 should be used. Tests are however not normally required.
ISO 12216:2002(E)
Table 1 — Minimum degree of watertightness
Design category
Appliance
Type of boat Type of appliance
location area
A B C D
Any Area I Any 2 2 2 2
Any Area II Any 2 2 3 4
Any Area II Sliding companionway hatch 3 3 3 4
Any Area III Any 3 3 3 4
Sailing monohull Area IV Any 3 3 3 4
Motor + Multihull Area IV Any 3 3 4 4

The above degrees of watertightness are only required for appliances. The degree of watertightness of any device
which is not built into the appliance, for example a ventilation system, but fitted by the boat manufacturer after the
purchase of prefabricated appliances, is outside the scope of this International Standard, but shall meet the
requirements of any other relevant International Standard. Regarding watertightness of cockpits, the requirements
of ISO 11812 shall be met.
4.4.2 Additional requirements related to watertightness
4.4.2.1 Sliding appliances
Sliding appliances shall not be used in Area I.
4.4.2.2 Deck hatches of trimaran outrigger hulls
Hatches fitted on the decks of trimaran outrigger hulls shall not be sliding appliances.
5 Plate materials
5.1 General
Appliance plates shall be made of
 a transparent glazing material, such as poly(methyl)methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), tempered
glass (3.21.2), chemically reinforced glass (3.21.3) or laminated glass (3.21.5), or
 a non-transparent plate material, such as plywood (PW), glass-fibre reinforced thermosetting plastic (GRP),
aluminium alloy, steel, etc.; or
 any other material of strength and stiffness equivalent to those cited above.
5.2 Acrylic sheet materials
Poly(methyl)methacrylate (PMMA) made with a technique other than the casting procedure shall have mechanical
properties and resistance to ageing at least equal to those of cast PMMA.
8 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
5.3 Glass
5.3.1 Restrictions of usage
The use of glass is restricted to clauses 5.3.1.1 and 5.3.1.2 plus 6.1.1.1 for use of simply supported plates, 6.3.1.4
for use in Area I and 6.3.2 for use in Area II.
5.3.1.1 Monolithic glass
Monolithic glass (3.21.4) shall only be made of tempered glass (3.21.2), or chemically reinforced glass (3.21.3).
5.3.1.2 Laminated glass
The glass plies used in laminated glass (3.21.5) can be made of any type of glass.
6 Specific requirements
6.1 End connection and location of plate
6.1.1 Simply supported plates
6.1.1.1 Plates in Area I
Simply supported plates shall not be used in Area I:
 on sailing monohulls in design categories A and B and sailing multihulls in design category A;
 on motor boats in design category A.
On other types of craft and design categories, simply supported plates may be used provided that all the following
conditions are met:
 the glazing material is PMMA or PC (see clause 5);
 the plate thickness is equal to 1,3 times the one required by clause 7;
 the fixing devices of the plate (hinge bolts, fixing knob, etc.) are not spaced more than 250 mm.
The above restrictions of use need not be considered if the appliance is equipped with a deadlight meeting the
requirements of 6.3.6.
6.1.1.2 Flexibly connected plates
Flexibly connected plates may only be used on motor boats of design categories C and D in Areas III and IV.
6.1.2 Semi-fixed plates
6.1.2.1 Plates made of material other than glass
Semi-fixed plates may be used in boats of all design categories and in all location areas with the restrictions of the
special requirements given in 6.3.
ISO 12216:2002(E)
This type of end connection can be achieved by one of the following means.
a) Connected with a counter frame: The edge fixity is achieved by pinching the plate at its periphery between the
boat shell or a frame and a counter frame. The counter frame shall be mechanically fastened and/or glued to
the structure of the boat.
b) Connected by gluing: The edge fixity is achieved by gluing the plate at its periphery to the boat shell, to the
structure of the boat or to a frame. This gluing can either be in a rabbet or a face, edge gluing or any
combination of these gluing methods.
c) Connected by direct fastening: The edge fixity is achieved by fastening the plate inside its periphery to the
shell, the structure of the boat or to a frame by correctly spaced and sized mechanical fasteners. These
fasteners may be bolts, rivets, self-tapping screws or any adequate mechanical fasteners.
NOTE Even with the best fastening system, full edge fixity of a non-stiffened plate at its periphery can never be achieved.
Plates are therefore considered at best as semi-fixed.
6.1.2.2 Plates made of glass
Metal to glass contact shall be avoided.
6.2 Fastening requirements
6.2.1 Fastening of plates and frames
Plates and frames can be fastened by mechanical means, glue or elastomer joints. All types of fastening shall
ensure watertightness of the plate or frame, and resistance to loads due to normal operating pressure.
Every part of the mechanical elements connecting appliances to the rest of the craft shall be capable of
withstanding, without breaking, twice the force induced by the pressure loads defined in clause 7. This requirement
shall be verified for inwards opening appliances, where hinges, locks, or any other part of the link chain between
the plate and the support shall be checked by calculation or testing in accordance with D.2.
6.2.2 Fastening of semi-fixed plates
Mechanical fasteners shall not induce parasitic stresses due to deflection or temperature changes, nor stress
concentration or stress raising.
EXAMPLE Bolts in sharp angle counterbores and countersunk screw heads in conical bores shall not be used.
Additional stresses brought by cold forming shall be considered when determining the plate scantlings in clause 7
or 8.
6.2.3 Fastening of glued plates
Glued joints shall be resistant to (or protected against) sunlight (UV, heat, etc.) and all environmental effects or
cleaning chemicals normally encountered in the manufacture and use of the craft.
Glued joints shall fulfil the requirements of one of the following items:
a) the inside pressure test (D.3.2);
b) the separation test (D.3.3);
c) the manufacturer's gluing procedure and conditions are followed and the bond strength checked by calculation
to meet test pressure in D.3.2.2.
The above requirements shall be verified after any change in material or gluing procedure.
10 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
Plates, with or without framing, are considered glued if they are fastened with mechanical devices, such as bolts,
rivets or screws, spaced more than 20 times t, where t is the nominal plate thickness defined in 7.2.
6.3 Special requirements
6.3.1 Appliances fitted in Area I
6.3.1.1 Height above waterline and maximum short side dimension
The lower edge of any opening appliance shall be placed at least 200 mm above the waterline, the boat being in
the fully loaded ready-for-use condition and upright. These opening appliances shall in any case be located
according to the relevant requirements of ISO 12217.
The small unsupported dimension b (or the equivalent of b) of any appliance (see annex C) placed in Area I shall
not exceed 300 mm.
The above requirements do not apply to escape hatches of sailing multihulls, or designated escape hatches, when
required by ISO 9094.
6.3.1.2 Opening side
All opening appliances shall open inwards, with the exception of multihull escape hatches or designated escape
hatches, when required by ISO 9094.
6.3.1.3 Protection
On boats of design categories A and B, no part of the plate or its framing shall extend outside the local vertical
tangent to the hull, deck, rubbing strake, fixed fender, or of a built-in fairing which is an integral part of the hull.
Figure 2 explains this requirement.

Key
1 The local vertical tangent is outside the porthole: no problem
2 The local vertical tangent is inside the porthole: the porthole shall either be placed in a recess or protected by a built-in
fairing
Figure 2 — Sketch explaining the requirement of 6.3.1.3
ISO 12216:2002(E)
6.3.1.4 Use of glass
Glass shall not be used on sailing boats of all design categories and on motor boats of design categories A and B,
unless the plate is made of high-impact-resistance glass, or if the appliance is equipped with a deadlight meeting
the requirements of 6.3.6. High-impact-resistant glass types are listed in normative annex E.
6.3.2 Appliances fitted in Area II a
6.3.2.1 Use of glass
On motor boats, the usage of monolithic and laminated glass is accepted without restriction.
On sailing boats, neither monolithic nor laminated glass shall be used forward of the mast or foremast, unless the
plate is made of high-impact-resistance glass, or if the appliance is equipped with a deadlight meeting the
requirements of 6.3.6. High-impact-resistance glass types are listed in annex E.
This restriction need not be considered if the plate is protected against shocks by an adequate device.
EXAMPLE Outside grid network, protection bars.
6.3.2.2 Tests on hinged deck hatches
6.3.2.2.1 Unintentional stepping test
The test is performed on a hinged deck hatch fixed to a rigid flat support of dimensions twice those of the hatch, as
shown in Figure 3.
The hatch is open in any position, up to its maximum operating position, and shall be able to withstand a
concentrated force of 750 N applied anywhere on the outside edge of the hatch, without permanent deformation or
damage to the hatch, its framing or hinge. The hatch will normally close under the applied force, and the system
that is used to maintain the hatch open may be damaged. The hatch is considered to fulfil the requirements of this
test if the integrity of the hatch, and its closing and watertightness capabilities, are maintained.

Key
1 Flat plate (see 6.3.2.2.1)
Figure 3 — Unintentional stepping test
12 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

ISO 12216:2002(E)
6.3.2.2.2 Rope jamming test
The test is performed on the same test device and loading as in 6.3.2.2.1, but with a 14 mm, thre
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