CEN/TS 13001-3-1:2004
(Main)Cranes - General design - Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures
Cranes - General design - Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures
This European Standard is to be used together with Part 1 and Part 2 and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent mechanical hazards of cranes by design and theoretical verification.
NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of crane are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type.
The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 8 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with the following hazards:
a) Exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);
b) Exceeding temperature limits of material or components;
c) Elastic instability of the crane or its parts (buckling, bulging).
This European Standard is applicable to cranes which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this standard and serves as reference base for the European Standards for particular crane types.
NOTE prCEN/TS 13001-3-1 deals only with limit state method according to prEN 13001-1.
As an alternative to the herein presented limit state method using partial safety factors, the allowable stress method using a global safety factor according to prEN 13001-1 and prEN 13001-2 may also be applied for special crane systems with linear behaviour.
As crane structures are basically dynamically loaded only the linear theory of elasticity is applicable and only limited local plasticity is allowed. The use of the theory of plasticity for calculation of ultimate load bearing capacity is not allowed.
Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-1: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von Stahltragwerken
Diese Europäische Norm findet zusammen mit Teil 1 und Teil 2 Anwendung. Sie spezifizieren allgemeine
Bedingungen, Anforderungen und Methoden zur Vermeidung mechanischer Gefahren von Kranen durch
Konstruktion und theoretische Nachweisverfahren.
ANMERKUNG 1 Spezifische Anforderungen für spezielle Krantypen sind in der jeweiligen Europäischen Norm für den
konkreten Krantyp enthalten.
Im folgenden sind signifikante Gefahrensituationen und gefährliche Ereignisse aufgeführt, die Risiken für
Personen bei Normaleinsatz und vorhersehbarem Missbrauch zur Folge haben könnten. Die Abschnitte 4 bis
8 dieser Norm enthalten Vorgaben zur Verminderung oder Ausschaltung von Risiken, die mit folgenden
Gefahren verbunden sind:
a) Überschreiten der Festigkeitsgrenzwerte (Fließen, Bruch, Ermüdung);
b) Überschreiten der Temperaturgrenzwerte des Werkstoffs oder der Komponenten;
c) Elastische Instabilität des Krans oder seiner Teile (Knicken, Beulen).
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Krane, die nach dem Datum der Genehmigung dieser Norm durch CEN
gefertigt werden, und dient als Referenzgrundlage für Europäische Normen für spezielle Krantypen.
ANMERKUNG 2 prCEN/TS 13001-3.1 beinhaltet nur die Methode der Grenzzustände entsprechend EN 13001-1.
Alternativ zu der hierin genannten Methode der Grenzzustände unter Verwendung von
Teilsicherheitsbeiwerten, kann der zulässige Spannungsnachweis unter Verwendung des
Gesamtsicherheitsbeiwertes nach EN 13001-1 und EN 13001-2 auch für spezielle Krananlagen mit linearem
Verhalten angewendet werden.
Da Krankonstruktionen grundsätzlich dynamisch belastet werden, ist nur die lineare Elastizitätstheorie
anwendbar und nur die begrenzte örtliche Plastizität zulässig. Die Anwendung der Plastizitätstheorie zur
Berechnung der Grenztragfähigkeit ist nicht zulässig.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-1: Etats limites et vérification d'aptitude des structures en acier
La présente Norme européenne doit être utilisée conjointement avec les parties 1 et 2 pour spécifier les conditions, prescriptions et méthodes générales permettant par la conception et la vérification théorique d'éviter les risques mécaniques dus aux appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
NOTE Les prescriptions spécifiques relatives aux types particuliers de grues sont données dans la norme européenne appropriée au type particulier de grue.
La liste suivante énumère les situations et les événements dangereux significatifs susceptibles d'entraîner des risques pour les personnes lors d'une utilisation normale ou d'une mauvaise utilisation prévisible. Les articles 4 à 8 de la présente norme sont nécessaires pour réduire ou éliminer les risques associés à ces phénomènes dangereux :
a) Dépassement des limites de résistance (élasticité, rupture, fatigue) ;
b) Dépassement des limites de température du matériau ou des composants ;
c) Instabilité élastique de l'appareil de levage à charge suspendue ou de ses éléments (flambage, voilement).
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux appareils de levage à charge suspendue construits après sa date d'approbation par le CEN et sert de référence pour les normes européennes sur les types de l'appareil de levage à charge suspendue particuliers.
NOTE Le prCEN/TS 13001-3-1 traite uniquement de la méthode des états limites selon le prEN 13001-1.
La méthode des contraintes admissibles utilisant un facteur global de sécurité selon les prEN 13001-1 et prEN 13001-2 peut également s'appliquer aux systèmes de levage à charge suspendue ayant un comportement linéaire, comme méthode alternative à la méthode des états limites utilisant les facteurs partiels de sécurité, objet de la présente norme.
Dans la mesure où les structures des appareils de levage à charge suspendue sont fondamentalement à charge dynamique, seule s'applique la théorie linéaire de l'élasticité et seule est autorisée la plasticité locale limitée. L'utilisation de
Dvigala (žerjavi) - Konstrukcija, splošno – 3-1. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti jeklene nosilne konstrukcije
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2005
Dvigala (žerjavi) - Konstrukcija, splošno – 3-1. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti
jeklene nosilne konstrukcije
Cranes - General design - Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel
structures
Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-1: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von
Stahltragwerken
Appareils de levage a charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-1: Etats limites
et vérification d'aptitude des structures en acier
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 13001-3-1:2004
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 13001-3-1
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
December 2004
ICS 53.020.20
English version
Cranes - General design - Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of
competence of steel structures
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-1: Grenzzustände
générale - Partie 3-1: Etats limites et vérification d'aptitude und Sicherheitsnachweis von Stahltragwerken
des structures métalliques
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 25 November 2003 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 13001-3-1:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Introduction .5
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms and definitions.6
4 General .10
4.1 Materials .10
4.1.1 Structural members.10
4.1.2 Connecting devices .13
4.2 Bolt connections.13
4.2.1 General .13
4.2.2 Shear and bearing connections.13
4.2.3 Slip resistant connections .13
4.2.4 Connections loaded in tension.14
4.3 Pin connections.14
4.4 Welded connections .14
4.5 Proofs of structural members and connections.14
5 Proof of static strength.14
5.1 General .14
5.2 Limit design stresses and forces.15
5.2.1 General .15
5.2.2 Limit design stress in structural members.15
5.2.3 Limit design forces in bolt connections.16
5.2.4 Limit design forces in pins .22
5.2.5 Limit design stresses in welded connections.24
5.3 Execution of the proof .25
5.3.1 Proof for structural members .25
5.3.2 Proof for bolt connections.26
5.3.3 Proof for pin connections.26
5.3.4 Proof for welded connections.27
6 Proof of fatigue strength.27
6.1 General .27
6.2 Limit design stresses.28
6.2.1 Characteristic values of the stress range .28
6.2.2 Weld quality.30
6.2.3 Effect of test loads.30
6.2.4 Requirements for fatigue testing .31
6.3 Classes S of stress history parameter s.31
6.3.1 Simplified method based on service conditions.31
6.3.2 Selection based on experience.35
6.4 Execution of the proof .35
6.5 Determination of the permissible stress range.36
6.5.1 Applicable methods.36
6.5.2 Direct use of stress history parameter .36
6.5.3 Use of class S.36
7 Proof of static strength of hollow section girder joints.38
8 Proof of elastic stability.38
Annex A (normative) Values of inverse slope of s/N-curve m and permissible stress range Ds , Dt .39
c c
Annex B (informative) Guidance for selection of classes S due to experience .54
Annex C (normative) Calculated values of permissible stress range Ds .55
Rd
Annex D (normative) Design weld stress s and t .57
W,Sd W,Sd
D.1 Butt joint .57
D.2 Fillet weld and groove weld with uniform distributed load.58
D.3 Relevant distribution length under punctiform load .59
Annex E (informative) Hollow Sections .60
Annex F (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application .71
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements
of EU Directive 98/37/EC .72
Bibliography .73
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 13000-3.1:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes —
Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latavia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
This European Standard is one Part of EN 13001. The other parts are as follows:
Part 1: General principles and requirements
Part 2: Load actions
The annexes A, C and D are normative. The annexes B, E and F are informative.
Introduction
This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means for the mechanical
design and theoretical verification of cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the
Machinery Directive, as amended. This standard also establishes interfaces between the user (purchaser) and the
designer, as well as between the designer and the component manufacturer, in order to form a basis for selecting
cranes and components.
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that
have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard.
1 Scope
This European Standard is to be used together with Part 1 and Part 2 and as such they specify general conditions,
requirements and methods to prevent mechanical hazards of cranes by design and theoretical verification.
NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of crane are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular
crane type.
The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons
during normal use and foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 8 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate
the risks associated with the following hazards:
a) Exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);
b) Exceeding temperature limits of material or components;
c) Elastic instability of the crane or its parts (buckling, bulging).
This European Standard is applicable to cranes which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this
standard and serves as reference base for the European Standards for particular crane types.
NOTE prCEN/TS 13001-3-1 deals only with limit state method according to EN 13001-1.
As an alternative to the herein presented limit state method using partial safety factors, the allowable stress method
using a global safety factor according to Part 1 and Part 2 may also be applied for special crane systems with linear
behaviour.
As crane structures are basically dynamically loaded only the linear theory of elasticity is applicable and only limited
local plasticity is allowed. The use of the theory of plasticity for calculation of ultimate load bearing capacity is not
allowed.
2 Normative references
This European Standard inco
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