EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008
(Main)Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings
Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings
This European Standard specifies the dimensions of openings for access as applied to machinery as defined in EN 292-1. It provides the dimensions to which the values given in EN 547-3 are applicable. Values for additional space requirements are given in annex A. This European Standard has been prepared primarily for non-mobile machinery, there may be additional specific requirements for mobile machinery.
Dimensions for access openings are based on the values for the 95th percentile, whereas reach distances are based on the values for the 5th percentile, in each case the least favourable body dimension of the expected user population being used as a basis. The same considerations apply to the location of access openings.
The anthropometric data given in EN 547-3 originate from static measurements of nude persons and do not take into account body movements, clothing, equipment, machinery operating conditions or environmental conditions.
This European Standard shows how to combine the anthropometric data with suitable allowances to take these factors into account.
Situations where people are to be prevented from reaching a hazard are dealt with in EN 294.
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Körpermaße des Menschen - Teil 2: Grundlagen für die Bemessung von Zugangsöffnungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Maße von Öffnungen für Zugänge an Maschinenarbeitsplätzen fest, wie sie in EN 292-1 definiert sind. Sie gibt Abmessungen an, für die die in EN 547-3 enthaltenen Werte anwendbar sind. Werte für zusätzliche Raumanforderungen sind im Anhang A angegeben. Diese Europäische Norm wurde primär für stationäre Maschinenarbeitsplätze erarbeitet, für mobile Maschinen können sich zusätzliche Anforderungen ergeben.
Maße für Zugänge beruhen auf Werten für das 95. Perzentil, Reichweiten hingegen basieren auf Werten für das 5. Perzentil; in jedem Fall ist das ungünstigste Körpermaß für die zu erwartende Benutzerpopulation zugrunde zu legen. Dieselben Überlegungen gelten für die Lage von Zugängen.
Die Körpermaße in EN 547-3 stammen aus statischen Messungen an unbekleideten Menschen und berücksichtigen weder Körperbewegungen, Kleidung, Ausrüstung, maschinenspezifische Bedingungen oder die jeweiligen Umgebungsbedingungen.
Diese Europäische Norm zeigt, wie die anthropometrischen Daten mit geeigneten Zuschlägen kombiniert werden können, damit diese Faktoren berücksichtigt werden.
Situationen, in denen Menschen daran gehindert werden sollen, Gefahrstellen zu erreichen, werden in EN 294 behandelt.
Sécurité des machines - Mesures du corps humain - Partie 2: Principes de détermination des dimensions requises pour les orifices d'accès
La présente norme européenne spécifie les dimensions des orifices d'accès telles qu'appliquées aux machines
suivant la définition de l'EN 292-1. Elle offre des dimensions auxquelles les valeurs données dans l'EN 547-3 sont
applicables. Les valeurs d'espaces supplémentaires figurent dans l'annexe A. La présente norme européenne a été
préparée en priorité pour les machines non mobiles, il peut y avoir lieu d'y ajouter certaines exigences spécifiques
pour les machines mobiles.
Les dimensions des orifices d'accès sont basées sur les valeurs correspondant au 95e percentile alors que les
distances d'atteinte sont fondées sur les valeurs du 5e percentile, soit dans chaque cas, la dimension du corps la
moins favorable de la population d'utilisateurs concernée servant de base. Les mêmes principes s'appliquent à
l'emplacement des ouvertures d'accès.
Les données anthropométriques de l'EN 547-3 sont issues de mesures statiques de personnes dévêtues et ne
tiennent donc pas compte des mouvements du corps, des vêtements, de l'équipement, des conditions de
fonctionnement de la machine ni des conditions environnementales.
La présente norme européenne explique comment combiner les données anthropométriques aux espaces
supplémentaires correspondants pour prendre ces facteurs en considération.
Les situations dans lesquelles il est nécessaire d'éviter l'accès des zones dangereuses aux personnes sont traitées
dans l'EN 294.
Varnost strojev - Mere človeškega telesa - 2. del: Načela določanja priporočenih mer za dostopne odprtine
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 23-Sep-2008
- Withdrawal Date
- 27-Dec-2009
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 122 - Ergonomics
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 122/WG 1 - Anthropometry
- Current Stage
- 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 20-Sep-2022
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
- Directive
- 98/37/EC - Machinery
Relations
- Effective Date
- 22-Dec-2008
Overview
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 (CEN) - Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings - defines principles for sizing access openings in machinery using anthropometric data. It specifies minimum opening dimensions and maximum reach distances for access to machine interiors and controls, and explains how to combine static anthropometric measurements with allowances for clothing, tools and working conditions. The standard is intended primarily for non-mobile machinery and supports the Machinery Directive (see Annex ZA/ZB).
Key topics and requirements
- Access opening definitions - describes openings through which a person can lean, reach or extend body parts (head, arms, hands, fingers, legs, feet) to perform operations such as inspection, maintenance or control.
- Anthropometric basis - dimensions for openings are based on the 95th percentile (to accommodate larger body dimensions), while reach distances use the 5th percentile (to ensure shorter reachers can operate). The standard uses the anthropometric dataset given in EN 547-3.
- Allowances and adjustments - because EN 547-3 data are from static nude measurements, EN 547-2 requires additional allowances for clothing, PPE, body movement, tools, environmental and task conditions. Annex A provides practical rules for determining these allowances.
- Minimum vs. optimal - the document gives minimum opening sizes and maximum reach limits; designers are encouraged to increase openings and reduce reach requirements where possible.
- Position and ergonomics - Annex B discusses recommended locations and positional factors (height, approach space, adjustability) to improve access and reduce ergonomic risk.
- Scope limitations - primarily for non-mobile machinery; mobile machinery may need extra requirements.
Applications and users
Who uses this standard:
- Machine designers and manufacturers (sizing access hatches, inspection ports, maintenance panels)
- Safety engineers and risk assessors (ensuring access meets ergonomic safety requirements)
- Ergonomists (applying anthropometric data and allowances)
- Compliance officers and notified bodies (harmonized standard under Machinery Directive)
- Maintenance planners and facilities engineers (designing tool and equipment access)
Practical applications:
- Designing access openings for maintenance, inspection and control
- Specifying minimum hatch or port sizes for safe operation with clothing and tools
- Establishing positioning and adjustability requirements to reduce awkward postures
- Combining EN 547-3 anthropometric values with allowance rules in Annex A to produce safe, usable access
Related standards
- EN 547-3 - Anthropometric data (companion data set)
- EN 292-1 (EN 60204 family) - Machinery safety terminology and basic concepts
- EN 294 - Safety distances to prevent reaching hazards
- EN 614-1 - Ergonomic design principles
Keywords: safety of machinery, human body measurements, access openings, anthropometric data, ergonomics, machine access dimensions, 95th percentile, 5th percentile, CEN, Machinery Directive.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the dimensions of openings for access as applied to machinery as defined in EN 292-1. It provides the dimensions to which the values given in EN 547-3 are applicable. Values for additional space requirements are given in annex A. This European Standard has been prepared primarily for non-mobile machinery, there may be additional specific requirements for mobile machinery. Dimensions for access openings are based on the values for the 95th percentile, whereas reach distances are based on the values for the 5th percentile, in each case the least favourable body dimension of the expected user population being used as a basis. The same considerations apply to the location of access openings. The anthropometric data given in EN 547-3 originate from static measurements of nude persons and do not take into account body movements, clothing, equipment, machinery operating conditions or environmental conditions. This European Standard shows how to combine the anthropometric data with suitable allowances to take these factors into account. Situations where people are to be prevented from reaching a hazard are dealt with in EN 294.
This European Standard specifies the dimensions of openings for access as applied to machinery as defined in EN 292-1. It provides the dimensions to which the values given in EN 547-3 are applicable. Values for additional space requirements are given in annex A. This European Standard has been prepared primarily for non-mobile machinery, there may be additional specific requirements for mobile machinery. Dimensions for access openings are based on the values for the 95th percentile, whereas reach distances are based on the values for the 5th percentile, in each case the least favourable body dimension of the expected user population being used as a basis. The same considerations apply to the location of access openings. The anthropometric data given in EN 547-3 originate from static measurements of nude persons and do not take into account body movements, clothing, equipment, machinery operating conditions or environmental conditions. This European Standard shows how to combine the anthropometric data with suitable allowances to take these factors into account. Situations where people are to be prevented from reaching a hazard are dealt with in EN 294.
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.110 - Safety of machinery; 13.180 - Ergonomics. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 547-2:1996. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC, 98/37/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/079, M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Sicherheit von Maschinen - Körpermaße des Menschen - Teil 2: Grundlagen für die Bemessung von ZugangsöffnungenSécurité des machines - Mesures du corps humain - Partie 2: Principes de détermination des dimensions requises pour les orifices d'accèsSafety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings13.180ErgonomijaErgonomics13.110Varnost strojevSafety of machineryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008en,fr01-december-2008SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 547-2:1996+A1
September 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 547-2:1996 English Version
Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings
Sécurité des machines - Mesures du corps humain -Partie 2: Principes de détermination des dimensions requises pour les orifices d'accès
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Körpermaße des Menschen - Teil 2: Grundlagen für die Bemessung von Zugangsöffnungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 November 1996 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 August 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008: ESIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008
Application of the measurements in practice.11 A.0 Introduction.11 A.1 Principles for determining additional space.11 A.2 Additional space requirements for access openings.12 A.2.1 Access opening for the upper body and arms (see 4.1).12 A.2.2 Access opening for the head up to the shoulders for inspection tasks (see 4.2).12 A.2.3 Access opening for both arms (see 4.3).12 A.2.4 Access opening for both lower arms up to elbow (see 4.4).12 A.2.5 Access opening to the side for one arm up to shoulder joint (see 4.5).13 A.2.6 Access opening for a lower arm up to the elbow (see 4.6).13 A.2.7 Access opening for fist (see 4.7).13 A.2.8 Access opening for flat hand to wrist, including thumb (see 4.8).13 A.2.9 Access opening for flat hand (four fingers) to base of thumb (see 4.9).13 A.2.10 Access opening for index finger, restricted by the other fingers (see 4.10).14 A.2.11 Access opening for one foot to ankle bone (see 4.11).14 A.2.12 Access opening for forefoot operated controls (see 4.12).14 Annex B (informative)
Position of access openings.15 B.1 This Annex gives information on the position of access openings to facilitate access for the intended user population.15 B.2 Provision for adjustability.15 B.3 Conditions to be met with in location of access openings.15 B.3.1 Access opening for the upper body and arms (see 4.1).16 B.3.2 Access opening for the head as far as the shoulders for inspection tasks (see 4.2).17 B.3.3 Access opening for both arms (either forward or downward) (see 4.3).18 B.3.4 Access opening for both lower arms up to the elbow, either forward or downward (see 4.4).19 B.3.5 Opening for access to the side for one arm up to the shoulder joint (see 4.5).20 B.3.6 Access opening for one lower arm up to the elbow (see 4.6).21 B.3.7 Access opening for fist (see 4.7).22 B.3.8 Access opening for flat hand to wrist, including thumb (see 4.8).22 B.3.9 Access opening for flat hand (four fingers) to base of thumb (see 4.9).22 B.3.10 Access opening for index finger, restricted by the other fingers (see 4.10).22 B.3.11 Access opening for one foot to ankle bone (see 4.11).22 B.3.12 Access opening for forefoot operated controls (see 4.12).22 Annex C (informative)
Notations for dimensions and anthropometric body measurements.23 Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC"""".25 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".26 Bibliography.27 SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008
Foreword This document (EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-14. This document supersedes EN 547-2:1996. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008
No
Notations Explanation of measurement
4.1
Access opening for the upper body and
arms
A
a1
x
A = a1 (P951)) + x
Opening diameter
Elbow to elbow breadth
Allowance
4.2
Access opening for the head as far as the shoulders for inspection tasks
A
c3
x
This type of access should be avoided wherever possible
A = c3 (P95) + x
Opening diameter
Head length from tip of nose
Allowance
4.3
Access opening for both arms (either forward or downward)
A = a1 (P95) + x B = d1 (P95) + y C = t1 (P5)
1) P95: 95th percentile of the expected user population SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008
A B C
a1 d1 t1
x y
Opening breadth Opening width Opening depth
Elbow-to-elbow breadth Upper arm diameter Operating arm length
Breadth allowance Width allowance
4.4
Access opening for both lower arms up to elbow (either forward or downward)
A B C
d2 t2
x y
A = 2d2 (P95) + x B = d2 (P95) + y C = t2 (P5)
Opening breadth Opening width Opening depth
Lower arm diameter Forearm reach
Breadth allowance Width allowance
Notations Explanation of measurement
4.5
Opening for access to the side for one arm up to shoulder joint
A B
d1 t3
x
A = d1 (P95) + x B = t3 (P5)
Opening diameter Opening depth
Upper arm diameter Arm reach to the side
Allowance
4.6
Access opening for one lower arm up to the elbow
A B
a3 t2
x
A = a3 (P95) + x B = t2 (P5)
Opening diameter Opening depth
Hand breadth at thumb Forearm reach
Allowance
4.7
Access opening for fist
A
d3
x
A = d3 (P95) + x
Opening diameter
Fist diameter
Allowance
Notations Explanation of measurement
4.8
Access opening for flat hand to wrist, including thumb
A B C
a3 b4 t4
x y
A = b4 (P95) + x B = a3 (P5) + y C = t4 (P5)
Opening width Opening height Opening depth
Hand breadth with thumb Hand depth at thumb Hand length
Width allowance Height allowance
4.9
Access opening for flat hand (four fingers) to base of thumb
A B C
a4 b3 t5
x y
A = b3 (P95) + x B = a4 (P95) + y C = t5 (P5)
Opening width Opening height Opening depth
Hand breadth at metacarpals Hand depth at palm Hand length to thumb
Width allowance Height allowance
4.10
Access opening for index finger, restricted by the other fingers
A B
a5 t6
x
A = a5 (P95) + x B = t6 (P5)
Opening diameter Opening depth
Index finger breadth, proximal Index finger length
Allowance
4.11
Access opening for one foot to ankle bone
A = a6 (P95) + x B = c2 (P95) + y SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008
A B
a6 c2
x y
Opening width Opening length
Foot breadth Foot length
Width allowance Length allowance
4.12
Access opening for fore-foot operated control actuators
A B C
h8 a6 c2
x y
A = a6 (P95) + x B = h8 (P95) + y C ≤ 0,74 × c2 (P5)
Opening width Opening height Opening length (depth)
Ankle height Foot breadth Foot length
Width allowance Height allowance
Application of the measurements in practice A.0 Introduction The purpose of this annex is to explain how to apply the anthropometric measurements given in this European Standard according to ergonomic and safety and health principles. This European Standard describes minimum dimensions for access openings based on anthropometric measurements, i.e. static measurements of nude persons. The opening dimensions including allowances in this European Standard do not always take into consideration for example: Aspects of health and safety arising from contact with the access opening itself; Whether the body positions and movements that must be used in the access opening mean any risk to the user's safety and health, e.g. in relation to how often or how long the person has to use the access opening; Whether the person has to adopt a certain body position in order to meet the force demands of the task without becoming overloaded; The space required for transportation of equipment and tools through the access opening; The space required for using equipment and tools in the access opening in a proper ergonomic way, e.g. cleaning, repair and maintenance work; Personal protective equipment the user might wear when reaching through the access opening; The speed reduction caused by a too narrow space; Whether the task puts special visual demands on the user; Any mental load factor, e.g. whether the task must be completed within a specific period of time; The space requirements for entrance to and exit from the access opening. The design of an access opening that takes ergonomic pri
...
La norme SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008, intitulée « Sécurité des machines - Mesures du corps humain - Partie 2 : Principes pour déterminer les dimensions requises pour les ouvertures d'accès », présente un cadre détaillé pour la définition des dimensions des ouvertures d'accès aux machines, conformément à la norme EN 292-1. Cette norme européenne s'applique principalement aux machines non mobiles et prend en compte des dimensions basées sur le 95e percentile, garantissant ainsi que la majorité de la population d'utilisateurs puisse accéder en toute sécurité aux mécanismes. L'une des forces majeures de cette norme réside dans son approche méthodologique rigoureuse pour l'établissement de dimensions adaptées, en intégrant des valeurs extrêmes afin de minimiser les risques d'accidents. Les distances de portée, définies selon le 5e percentile, assurent que même les utilisateurs les moins favorisés très en termes de dimensions corporelles pourront opérer sans danger les appareils concernés. De plus, la norme met en lumière l'importance de combiner les données anthropométriques issues de la norme EN 547-3 avec des tolérances appropriées, prenant en compte les mouvements corporels, l'équipement et les conditions opérationnelles des machines. Cette approche holistique est cruciale dans la conception des machines, car elle permet de promouvoir une ergonomie sûre et efficace. La pertinence de la norme se manifeste également dans son complément avec des normes comme EN 294, qui couvre les situations où il est essentiel de prévenir l'accès des personnes aux zones dangereuses. Cela témoigne d'une vision intégrée de la sécurité des machines, reliant non seulement l'accessibilité mais aussi la protection contre les risques. En résumé, le standard SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008 s'inscrit comme un outil indispensable pour les concepteurs et les fabricants de machines, garantissant que la sécurité des utilisateurs est placée au cœur de l'innovation technologique. La précision dans la définition des dimensions des ouvertures d'accès et la prise en compte de l'anthropométrie renforcent la fiabilité de cette norme dans un contexte industriel moderne.
Die EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 ist ein europäischer Standard, der sich mit der Sicherheit von Maschinen beschäftigt und spezifisch die Abmessungen für Zugangsöffnungen definiert. Dieser Standard ist von großer Relevanz, da er die Grundlage für die Gestaltung sicherer Maschinen legt, indem er vorgibt, welche Dimensionen für Zugangsöffnungen erforderlich sind. Das Dokument ist insbesondere für nicht mobile Maschinen konzipiert, während für mobile Maschinen gegebenenfalls spezifische Anforderungen bestehen. Die Stärke dieser Norm liegt in ihrer fundierten Grundlage, die auf anthropometrischen Daten basiert. Diese Daten, die aus statischen Messungen von nackten Personen abgeleitet wurden, ermöglichen eine präzise Festlegung der Maße. Die Zugangsdimensionen werden auf den Werten des 95. Perzentils basierend bestimmt, während die Reichweiten auf dem 5. Perzentil beruhen. Diese Methodik stellt sicher, dass die ungünstigsten Körperdimensionen der erwarteten Benutzerpopulation berücksichtigt werden, was zu einer hohen Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Sicherheit führt. Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt der EN 547-2 ist die Berücksichtigung zusätzlicher Platzanforderungen, die in Anhang A des Dokuments aufgeführt sind. Dies sorgt dafür, dass die Benutzer nicht nur Zugang zu den Maschinen haben, sondern auch sicher und effizient mit ihnen interagieren können. Durch diese umfassende Herangehensweise wird auch die Ergonomie in der Maschinenkonstruktion gefördert. Die Norm bietet zudem klare Richtlinien zur Kombination der anthropometrischen Daten mit geeigneten Toleranzen, um unterschiedliche Faktoren wie Körperbewegungen, Kleidung und Betriebskonditionen zu berücksichtigen. Diese Berücksichtigung gewährleistet, dass die Standardisierung praxisnah und anpassungsfähig bleibt. Insgesamt ist die EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 ein unerlässliches Dokument für Hersteller und Designer von Maschinen. Ihre präzisen Vorgaben zur Dimensionierung von Zugangsöffnungen fördern nicht nur die Sicherheit, sondern tragen auch dazu bei, die Effizienz und Benutzerzufriedenheit in der Interaktion mit Maschinen zu maximieren.
The European Standard EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 plays a critical role in enhancing the safety of machinery by focusing on ergonomics through human body measurements. Its scope is well-defined, specifying the necessary dimensions for access openings applied to machinery as described in EN 292-1. By establishing these dimensions, the standard ensures that access points are designed to accommodate a diverse range of users, factoring in the anthropometric measurements of the population. One of the significant strengths of this standard is its reliance on statistical data for determining dimensions. The balance is particularly well struck by using the 95th percentile to establish the sizes of access openings, ensuring that most users can comfortably and safely interact with the machinery. Conversely, it accounts for reach distances based on the 5th percentile, ensuring that even smaller users can engage with the machinery without difficulty. This dual approach to measurement reinforces the standard's commitment to inclusivity and safety. The standard's relevance extends beyond mere specifications; it incorporates anthropometric data from EN 547-3, which focuses on static measurements of individuals. While this foundation is invaluable, EN 547-2 acknowledges the limitations of these measurements by advising that they do not consider body movements, clothing, or other operational conditions. The document addresses these nuances by encouraging users to combine raw anthropometric data with necessary allowances, pushing forward the conversation on user-centered design in machinery safety. Moreover, the document delineates specific scenarios where safety considerations must be emphasized, pointing to EN 294 for instances where it is crucial to prevent users from reaching hazards. This linkage furthers the standard's integrity by placing it within a broader context of machinery safety protocols. In summary, EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 is a comprehensive framework for establishing access opening dimensions in non-mobile machinery, grounded in thoughtful anthropometric principles and an understanding of user needs. Its systematic approach serves as a vital tool for manufacturers aiming to comply with safety measures while ensuring accessibility and usability for a wide range of operators.
SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008 표준은 기계의 안전성을 보장하기 위해 접근 개구부의 크기를 정의하는 중요한 기준을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 EN 292-1에 정의된 기계에 적용되는 접근 개구부의 치수에 대한 명확한 지침을 제시합니다. 특히, 비 이동형 기계에 중점을 두고 있으며, 이동형 기계에 대한 추가적인 특정 요구 사항이 있을 수 있습니다. 이 표준의 강점은 접근 개구부 치수가 95번째 백분위 수의 값에 기초하고 있으며, 도달 거리는 5번째 백분위 수의 값에 기초한다는 점입니다. 이는 사용자 인구의 가장 불리한 신체 치수를 기준으로 삼아, 다양한 사용자에 대한 적절한 안전성을 보장합니다. 또한 접근 개구부의 위치에 대한 고려사항도 동일하게 적용되어 전반적인 안전성을 향상시키는 데 기여합니다. EN 547-3에서 제공되는 인체 측정 데이터는 정적인 신체 치수에 기반하고 있으며, 신체 이동, 의복, 장비, 기계 작동 조건 또는 환경 조건을 고려하지 않습니다. 그러나 이 표준은 이러한 요소를 포함하여 적절한 여유를 두는 방법을 제시하여, 보다 안전한 설계를 가능하게 합니다. 요약하자면, SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008 표준은 기계의 안전성을 높이는 데 필수적인 문서로, 기계 접근 개구부와 관련된 치수를 규명함으로써 사용자 안전을 극대화하는 데 크게 기여하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 관련 분야의 전문가들에게 유용한 가이드라인을 제공하여, 안전하고 효율적인 기계 설계를 가능하게 합니다.
SIST EN 547-2:1998+A1:2008は、機械の安全性に関する重要な欧州標準であり、アクセス開口部に必要な寸法を決定するための原則を定めています。この標準の主な範囲は、EN 292-1で定義された機械に適用されるアクセス用の開口部の寸法を具体的に示すことです。また、EN 547-3で与えられた値に適用される寸法を提供するだけでなく、付録Aでは追加の空間要件についても述べています。特に、固定式機械に対して主に準備されており、移動式機械には追加の特定要件がある場合もあります。 本標準の強みは、95パーセンタイルの値を基にしたアクセス開口部の寸法と、5パーセンタイルの値を基にした到達距離が明確に規定されていることです。これにより、予想されるユーザーポピュレーションの最も不利な身体寸法を考慮し、ユーザーの安全を確保するための基準が設けられています。また、アクセス開口部の位置に関しても同様の考慮がなされています。この標準は、静的なヌード体の測定から得られた人間工学データを元に作成されており、身体の動きや服装、装備、機械の稼働条件、環境条件を考慮するために、それに適した許容値を組み合わせる方法を示しています。 このように、SIST EN 547-2は機械の設計における人間工学的アプローチを強化し、使用者が潜在的危険にアクセスできないようにするための基準を厳格に定めています。そのため、多様な業界での機械設計や安全基準の策定において、非常に関連性の高い文書となっています。また、EN 294で扱われている危険に対するアクセス防止策と組み合わせることにより、より包括的な安全対策を提供しています。
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