EN 15427-2-1:2022

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16028:2012
Železniške naprave - Trenje na stiku kolo-tirnica - 2-1. del: Lastnosti in značilnosti
- Maziva za prirobnice
Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 2-1: Properties and
Characteristics - Flange lubricants
Bahnanwendungen - Reibungsmanagement zwischen Rad und Schiene - Teil 2-1 :
Eigenschaften und Merkmale - Spurkranzschmierstoffe
Applications ferroviaires - Gestion des frottements roue/rail - Partie 2-1: Propriétés et
caractéristiques - Lubrification des boudins de roues
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15427-2-1:2022
ICS:
21.260 Mazalni sistemi Lubrication systems
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 15427-2-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.040; 75.100 Supersedes EN 16028:2012
English Version
Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management -
Part 2-1: Properties and Characteristics - Flange lubricants
Applications ferroviaires - Gestion des frottements Bahnanwendungen - Reibungsmanagement zwischen
roue/rail - Partie 2-1: Propriétés et caractéristiques - Rad und Schiene - Teil 2 1: Eigenschaften und
Lubrification des boudins de roues Merkmale - Spurkranzschmierstoffe
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15427-2-1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Design requirements . 8
5 Technical specification and product approval . 8
5.1 Introduction . 8
5.2 Product specification . 8
5.3 Technical file . 8
6 Control and monitoring of product. 9
6.1 Manufacturing process . 9
6.2 Composition of lubricant . 9
6.3 Routine tests . 9
6.4 Additional measures . 9
7 Technical datasheet . 9
7.1 General . 9
7.2 Grease-based lubricant characteristics . 9
7.3 Oil-based lubricant characteristics . 9
7.4 Solid-based lubricant characteristics . 9
8 Packaging, labelling and storage . 10
Annex A (normative) Requirements for lubricants and testing . 11
Annex B (informative) Water wash-off test . 21
Annex C (informative) Corrosion test on steel . 23
Annex D (informative) Behaviour at an elevated temperature – adhesion on steel sheet . 25
Annex E (informative) Determination of the volatile constituents in greases . 27
Annex F (informative) Peak forming and droop . 29
Annex G (informative) Functional test on specific equipment . 32
Annex H (informative) Solid flange lubricant stick testing and starvation test on twin-disc
machine . 38
Annex I (informative) Mini Traction Machine creep curve test . 44
Bibliography . 53

European foreword
This document (EN 15427-2-1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
Applciations”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by November 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16028:2012.
This document is part of the following series:
— EN 15427-1-1, Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 1-1: Equipment and
Application – Flange lubrication
— CEN/TS 15427-1-2, Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 1-2: Equipment and
Application – Top of Rail materials
— CEN/TS 15427-1-3, Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 1-3: Equipment and
Application – Adhesion materials
— EN 15427-2-1, Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 2-1: Properties and
Characteristics – Flange lubricants
— CEN/TS 15427-2-2, Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 2-2: Properties and
Characteristics – Top of Rail materials
— CEN/TS 15427-2-3, Railway applications - Wheel/Rail friction management - Part 2-3: Properties and
Characteristics – Adhesion materials
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
Friction management using solid or fluid (oil, grease, etc.) substances at the wheel-rail interface is a
complex subject and includes the following aspects:
— lubrication of the wheel flange / rail gauge corner interface, commonly referred to as “flange or rail
lubrication”;
— lubrication of the back of flange/ check rail interface; commonly referred to as “check rail
lubrication”;
— altering the level of friction at the interface between the top of rail and the wheel tread, commonly
referred to as “top of rail friction management”;
— altering the level of adhesion at the interface between the top of rail and the wheel tread.
This document sets out requirements for the lubricant for flange or rail lubrication. It specifies
requirements for the lubricant, how to test it and how to approve it.
Lubricants should be tested to confirm there is:
— compatibility with lubricating systems;
— no intolerable increased risk of fire;
— accordance with relevant environmental requirements;
— no incompatibility between the different lubricants in use, particularly between solid and fluid
systems;
— satisfactory and consistent product quality and performance;
— no degradation to the safety of the railway (braking, signalling).
The main purpose of the lubricant is to reduce friction and wear and reduce the risk of flange climb
derailment.
1 Scope
This document specifies the properties and characteristics of lubricants applied to the interface between
the wheel flange and the gauge face of the rail, and contact area between the check rail face and the back
of the wheel (active interface), either directly or indirectly to the wheel flange or to the rail, and includes
both trainborne and trackside solutions.
It outlines the information required for most approval procedures, the method of testing and routine
control/monitoring of the lubricant.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10130, Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming - Technical delivery conditions
EN ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness) (ISO 868)
EN ISO 1183-1, Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method (ISO 1183-1)
EN ISO 2592, Petroleum and related products - Determination of flash and fire points - Cleveland open cup
method (ISO 2592)
EN ISO 3146, Plastics - Determination of melting behaviour (melting temperature or melting range) of semi-
crystalline polymers by capillary tube and polarizing-microscope methods (ISO 3146)
EN ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Laboratory determination of density -
Hydrometer method (ISO 3675)
EN ISO 7827, Water quality - Evaluation of the “ready”, “ultimate” aerobic biodegradability of organic
compounds in an aqueous medium - Method by analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (ISO 7827)
EN ISO 9408, Water quality - Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in
aqueous medium by determination of oxygen demand in a closed respirometer (ISO 9408)
EN ISO 9439, Water quality - Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in
aqueous medium - Carbon dioxide evolution test (ISO 9439)
EN ISO 10707, Water quality - Evaluation in an aqueous medium of the “ultimate” aerobic biodegradability
of organic compounds - Method by analysis of biochemical oxygen demand (closed bottle test) (ISO 10707)
EN ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination of density - Oscillating U-tube
method (ISO 12185)
EN ISO 20623, Petroleum and related products - Determination of the extreme-pressure and anti-wear
properties of lubricants - Four-ball method (European conditions) (ISO 20623)
ISO 760, Determination of water — Karl Fischer method (General method)
ISO 2137, Petroleum products and lubricants — Determination of cone penetration of lubricating greases
and petrolatum
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