EN 13452-1:2003
(Main)Railway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements
Railway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements
This European Standard specifies minimum and maximum limiting requirements for braking systems and performance. The Transport Authority defines the particular parameters where required in this European Standard and specifies any additional braking requirements to the vehicle builder/braking system supplier.
This European Standard specifies requirements and performances for the braking of vehicles for urban transport systems, running on steel or rubber tyred wheels and guided by steel rails or other equivalent means.
This European Standard applies to vehicles operating on:
¾ tramways;
¾ light railways;
¾ metros on steel wheels;
¾ metros on rubber tyred wheels;
¾ Commuter/Regional railways;
and is applicable to:
¾ all newly designed vehicles;
¾ all major refurbishments, if these include either redesign or extensive modifications to the brake system;
¾ any new builds of existing designs of vehicles. For this type of vehicle, the Transport Authority may specify performance values different from those defined in this European Standard.
This European Standard does not apply to special transport systems, e.g. suspended monorail, rack and pinion lines, isolated operations such as scenic railways, special duty vehicles, etc.
Transport Authorities shall ensure that specifications include this European Standard as part of the brake system requirements. Suppliers shall identify, at the time of tendering, any non-compliances against this European Standard.
Compliance with the functional and performance requirements defined in this European Standard is verified by testing in accordance with prEN 13452-2.
Bahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Bremssysteme des öffentlichen Nahverkehrs - Teil 1: Anforderungen an das Leistungsvermögen
Diese Europäischen Norm legt Mindestanforderungen an Bremssysteme und deren Leistungsvermögen fest, die vom Verkehrsunternehmen eingehalten werden. Das Verkehrsunternehmen legt die besonderen Kenngrößen fest, wo dies in der Norm gefordert wird und kann dem Fahrzeug- oder Bremsanlagen-Hersteller zusätzliche Anforderungen an die Bremsen vorgeben.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen für die Bremsung von Fahrzeugen für Nahverkehrssysteme fest, die auf Stahl- oder Gummireifen fahren und durch Stahlschienen oder gleichwertige Einrichtungen geführt werden.
Diese Norm gilt für:
- Straßenbahnen;
- Stadtbahnen;
- U-Bahnen auf Stahlrädern;
- U-Bahnen auf gummibereiften Rädern;
- S-Bahnen / Regional-Bahnen;
und bezieht sich auf:
- alle neu konstruierten Fahrzeuge;
- alle größeren Grundüberholungen, wenn diese entweder Neugestaltung oder umfassende Änderungen der Bremsanlagen einschließen;
- alle Neubauten von vorhandenen Fahrzeugbauarten. Für diese Art von Fahrzeugen kann das Verkehrs-unternehmen von dieser Europäischen Norm abweichende Anforderungen festlegen.
Diese Norm gilt nicht für besondere Verkehrssysteme, z. B. Ein-Schienen-Bahnen, Zahnradbahnen, vom übrigen Netz getrennte Bahnen wie Museumsbahnen, Betriebsfahrzeuge, usw.
Die Verkehrsunternehmen stellen sicher, dass Lastenhefte diese Europäische Norm als Teil der Anforderungen an die Bremsanlagen enthalten. Die Hersteller geben bei Angebotsabgabe an, wo diese Europäische Norm nicht eingehalten wird.
Der Nachweis der Erfüllung der Funktions- und Leistungsanforderungen in Übereinstimmung mit dieser Norm erfolgt durch Prüfungen entsprechend EN 13452-2.
Applications Ferroviaires - Freinage - Systèmes de freinage des transports publics urbains et suburbains - Partie 1: Exigences de performances
Cette Norme européenne spécifie les exigences minimales et maximales pour les systèmes de freinage et leurs performances. Le Réseau Ferroviaire définit les paramètres particuliers lorsqu'ils sont exigés par la présente Norme européenne et peut aussi spécifier des exigences complémentaires concernant le freinage pour les constructeurs ferroviaires et/ou les fournisseurs d'équipements de freinage.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences et performances pour le freinage des véhicules de transport urbain roulant avec roues fer ou sur pneus et guidés par rails ou tout autre système équivalent.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux véhicules suivants:
tramways ;
véhicules ferroviaires légers ;
métros sur roues fer ;
métros sur pneus ;
trains de banlieue ou régionaux ;
et est applicable à :
tous les véhicules de conception nouvelle ;
toutes les remises à niveau majeures de véhicules lorsque celles-ci incluent des modifications ou des changements de conception sur le système de freinage ;
toute nouvelle fabrication de véhicules sur conception déjà définie. Pour ce type de véhicule, le réseau ferroviaire peut spécifier des performances différentes de celles définies dans cette Norme.
Cette Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux systèmes de transport spéciaux tels que monorails suspendus, véhicules à crémaillères, chemins de fer spécifiques tels que les chemins de fer touristiques, véhicules de service, etc..
Le Réseau Ferroviaire doit s'assurer que les spécifications du système de freinage inclut cette Norme européenne comme exigence. Les fournisseurs doivent identifier, au stade de l'offre, toute non-conformité vis-à-vis de la présente Norme européenne.
La conformité aux exigences fonctionnelles et de performances définies dans la présente Norme européenne est vérifiée au moyen d'essais tels que définis dans l'EN 13452-2.
Železniške naprave – Zavore – Zavorni sistemi za mestni in primestni javni prevoz – 1.del: Zahtevane lastnosti
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 13452-1:2003 (CEN) - "Railway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements" defines the minimum and maximum limiting performance requirements for braking systems used on urban and suburban guided-rail vehicles. It covers vehicles running on steel or rubber-tyred wheels and guided by steel rails or equivalent means, including trams, light rail, metros (steel and rubber-tyred) and commuter/regional trains. The standard applies to all newly designed vehicles, major refurbishments that redesign or heavily modify brake systems, and any new builds of existing designs (subject to Transport Authority parameter choices). Compliance is verified by testing in accordance with EN 13452-2.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and applicability: types of vehicles covered and excluded (not for special systems such as suspended monorails, rack-and-pinion lines, scenic/isolated operations).
- Performance limits: minimum and maximum braking performance parameters that Transport Authorities may adopt or adapt.
- Braking functions: service, full-service, emergency, security, drag, irrevocable, immobilisation (holding/parking).
- Braking techniques: dynamic (rheostatic, regenerative), hydro-dynamic, friction (pneumatic, electropneumatic, electromechanical, air-over-hydraulic, electrohydraulic), magnetic track brakes, eddy-current brakes.
- Control & safety features: wheel-slide protection (WSP), brake blending (interaction of dynamic and friction brakes), load control to maintain deceleration across load levels.
- Design principles and system structure: operational requirements, brake system failure consequences, automatically controlled systems and performance verification.
- Testing & verification: functional and performance requirements are verified by test methods in EN 13452-2; suppliers must declare any non-compliances at tender.
Practical applications
- Use EN 13452-1:2003 to:
- Define braking performance in procurement specifications and technical contracts.
- Guide brake system design choices and integration for urban rolling stock.
- Set refurbishment requirements when brake systems are extensively modified.
- Establish acceptance criteria and test procedures (in concert with EN 13452-2).
- Benefits: harmonised, Europe-wide baseline for safety, interoperable performance, and clear tendering expectations for manufacturers and operators.
Who should use this standard
- Transport Authorities / Operators - to set braking performance requirements in vehicle tenders and specifications.
- Vehicle builders & braking system suppliers - for design, validation and tender compliance.
- Testing laboratories & certification bodies - for performance verification per EN 13452-2.
- System integrators & maintainers - to ensure operational safety, refurbishment compliance and correct brake blending/WSP implementation.
Related standards
- EN 13452-2 - Methods of test (verification of Part 1 requirements).
- prEN 14198 - Equivalent European guidance for main-line (InterCity) braking (useful where service types overlap).
Keywords: EN 13452-1:2003, mass transit brake systems, railway applications, braking performance requirements, urban transport braking, trams, light rail, metro braking, commuter/regional trains, CEN standard.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 13452-1:2003 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Railway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies minimum and maximum limiting requirements for braking systems and performance. The Transport Authority defines the particular parameters where required in this European Standard and specifies any additional braking requirements to the vehicle builder/braking system supplier. This European Standard specifies requirements and performances for the braking of vehicles for urban transport systems, running on steel or rubber tyred wheels and guided by steel rails or other equivalent means. This European Standard applies to vehicles operating on: ¾ tramways; ¾ light railways; ¾ metros on steel wheels; ¾ metros on rubber tyred wheels; ¾ Commuter/Regional railways; and is applicable to: ¾ all newly designed vehicles; ¾ all major refurbishments, if these include either redesign or extensive modifications to the brake system; ¾ any new builds of existing designs of vehicles. For this type of vehicle, the Transport Authority may specify performance values different from those defined in this European Standard. This European Standard does not apply to special transport systems, e.g. suspended monorail, rack and pinion lines, isolated operations such as scenic railways, special duty vehicles, etc. Transport Authorities shall ensure that specifications include this European Standard as part of the brake system requirements. Suppliers shall identify, at the time of tendering, any non-compliances against this European Standard. Compliance with the functional and performance requirements defined in this European Standard is verified by testing in accordance with prEN 13452-2.
This European Standard specifies minimum and maximum limiting requirements for braking systems and performance. The Transport Authority defines the particular parameters where required in this European Standard and specifies any additional braking requirements to the vehicle builder/braking system supplier. This European Standard specifies requirements and performances for the braking of vehicles for urban transport systems, running on steel or rubber tyred wheels and guided by steel rails or other equivalent means. This European Standard applies to vehicles operating on: ¾ tramways; ¾ light railways; ¾ metros on steel wheels; ¾ metros on rubber tyred wheels; ¾ Commuter/Regional railways; and is applicable to: ¾ all newly designed vehicles; ¾ all major refurbishments, if these include either redesign or extensive modifications to the brake system; ¾ any new builds of existing designs of vehicles. For this type of vehicle, the Transport Authority may specify performance values different from those defined in this European Standard. This European Standard does not apply to special transport systems, e.g. suspended monorail, rack and pinion lines, isolated operations such as scenic railways, special duty vehicles, etc. Transport Authorities shall ensure that specifications include this European Standard as part of the brake system requirements. Suppliers shall identify, at the time of tendering, any non-compliances against this European Standard. Compliance with the functional and performance requirements defined in this European Standard is verified by testing in accordance with prEN 13452-2.
EN 13452-1:2003 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general; 45.140 - Metro, tram and light rail equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 13452-1:2003 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to prEN 13452-1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 13452-1:2003 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 93/38/EEC; Standardization Mandates: M/024. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Železniške naprave – Zavore – Zavorni sistemi za mestni in primestni javni prevoz – 1.del: Zahtevane lastnostiBahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Bremssysteme des öffentlichen Nahverkehrs - Teil 1: Anforderungen an das LeistungsvermögenApplications Ferroviaires - Freinage - Systemes de freinage des transports publics urbains et suburbains - Partie 1: Exigences de performancesRailway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems - Part 1: Performance requirements45.040Materiali in deli za železniško tehnikoMaterials and components for railway engineeringICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13452-1:2003SIST EN 13452-1:2004en01-junij-2004SIST EN 13452-1:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13452-1March 2003ICS 45.060.01English versionRailway applications - Braking - Mass transit brake systems -Part 1: Performance requirementsApplications ferroviaires - Freinage - Systèmes de freinagedes transports publics et suburbains - Partie 1: Exigencesde performancesBahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Bremssysteme desöffentlichen Nahverkehrs - Teil 1: Anforderungen an dasLeistungsvermögenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 December 2002.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13452-1:2003 ESIST EN 13452-1:2004
articulated carsUnit -Minimum operational formation comprising oneor more vehicles coupled togetherTrain - refers to any formation which may operate in service,it may comprise one or more units coupled togetherTrain -Refers to any formation which may operate inservice, may be either a single vehicle or oneor more units coupled together3.1.2driverperson in manual control of train motion3.1.3retardationresult of a force acting contrary to the direction of the movement3.1.4retarding forcesum of all the forces contributing to the retardation of the train, including train resistance3.1.5brakingprocess by which a force is produced so as to resist train movement which is taking place or to prevent movementof a stationary train3.1.6brakeequipment the principal function of which is to cause braking3.1.7brake systema combination of means (hardware and software) to achieve, with a chosen level of safety, the brakingrequirements of the trainNOTEBrake system includes control, actuation and energy dissipation equipment.3.2 Braking functions3.2.1service brakingbraking used normally either under control of the train driver and/or automatic driving equipment so as to controlthe train’s speedSIST EN 13452-1:2004
= V
x
t
10e0V0V t
t
ea = 0a = cst1213Key1 Speed2 Braking distance = S3 - S13 Stopping distance = S3Figure 2 — Theoretical braking4 Symbols and abbreviated termsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols and abbreviated terms apply:adeceleration, in m/s2;aeequivalent deceleration, m/s2;sdistance, in m;s1theoretical distance without deceleration, in m (known as free run distance);s2Stopping distance, in m;s3Braking distance, in m;ttime, in s;teequivalent response time, in st10delay time, from brake demand to achieving 10 % of the established deceleration, in s(see Figure 1);t90response time, from brake demand to achieving 90 % of the established deceleration, in s (seeFigure 1);vspeed, in m/s;voinitial speed, in m/s.SIST EN 13452-1:2004
The density of standing passengers is usually much higher than on long distancetrains and can vary significantly between different transport systems. For this reason all loadlevels stated within this European Standard are considered to be minimum recommendedlevels for calculation.NOTE 2EL=European LoadE=EmptyS=Seats (fixed)T=Tilting seatsX=number of standing passengers at a density of X/m2NOTE 3
EL E mass includes all tanks full and driver.SIST EN 13452-1:2004
...
La norme EN 13452-1:2003 constitue une référence essentielle pour les applications ferroviaires, en particulier pour les systèmes de freinage dans le transport en masse. Cette norme européenne définit des exigences minimales et maximales pour les systèmes de freinage, garantissant ainsi la sécurité et l'efficacité des opérations des véhicules. Elle est particulièrement pertinente pour les véhicules conçus pour les réseaux de transport urbain, qu'ils soient équipés de roues en acier ou en caoutchouc, et circulant sur des rails en acier ou d'autres moyens équivalents. Parmi les points forts de cette norme, on note la précision des exigences de performance qui s'appliquent à une vaste gamme de véhicules, y compris les tramways, les chemins de fer légers, et les métros. Ce champ d'application étendu assure que toutes les nouvelles conceptions, ainsi que toutes les rénovations majeures impliquant des modifications substantielles du système de freinage, respectent des critères uniformes de performance. La norme prend également en compte la possibilité pour les Autorités de Transport de spécifier des valeurs de performance adaptées à des cas spécifiques, ce qui ajoute une flexibilité appréciable à son utilisation. Un autre aspect significatif de cette norme est son processus rigoureux de vérification de conformité par des essais, comme indiqué dans la prEN 13452-2, ce qui renforce la confiance dans la fonctionnalité des systèmes de freinage. De plus, elle impose aux fournisseurs de signaler toute non-conformité lors de l'appel d'offres, assurant ainsi une intégrité dans le développement et la mise en œuvre des systèmes de freinage. En somme, la norme SIST EN 13452-1:2004 est hautement pertinente et indispensable pour garantir que les systèmes de freinage des véhicules de transport en commun respectent des exigences de performance rigoureuses, contribuant ainsi à la sécurité et à l'efficacité des systèmes de transport ferroviaire urbains.
SIST EN 13452-1:2004は、鉄道応用におけるブレーキシステムに関する欧州標準として、特に都市交通システムのブレーキに対する性能要件を定めています。この文書のスコープは、トラム、ライトレール、メトロ、通勤鉄道など、さまざまな鉄道車両が適用されることに重点を置いています。特に、この標準は、鋼製車輪またはゴムタイヤを備えた車両が、鋼製レールまたは同等のガイド手段に沿って運行される際の性能要求を規定しています。 この標準の強みは、ブレーキシステムに関する最小および最大の限界要件を明確にし、運輸当局が必要に応じて特定のパラメータを定義できる柔軟性を提供している点です。新規設計された車両や、ブレーキシステムにおける大規模な改修を伴う場合、さらには既存の設計の新しい構築に対しても適用されるため、広範な適用性を持っています。これにより、都市交通における安全性と性能の向上に寄与することが期待されます。 また、運輸当局がこの標準をブレーキシステム要件の一部として組み込むことを義務づけている点も評価されます。これにより、サプライヤーは入札時にこの標準に対する非準拠を特定する必要があり、全体的な透明性と品質の確保につながります。 しかし、注意が必要なのは、この標準は単独の特別交通システム（例えば、モノレールやラック＆ピニオンラインなど）には適用されないため、これらのシステムに対する基準は別途検討される必要があります。このように、EN 13452-1:2003は、都市交通におけるブレーキシステムの性能要件を詳細に定義した、極めて重要な標準と言えるでしょう。
The EN 13452-1:2003 standard provides essential guidelines for braking systems within mass transit vehicles, specifically tailored for urban transport applications. The scope of this European Standard is extensive, covering a variety of vehicle types including trams, light railways, metros with both steel and rubber-tyred wheels, and commuter railways. It specifies minimum and maximum limiting requirements for braking performance, ensuring that all newly designed vehicles, as well as those undergoing significant refurbishments, adhere to rigorous operational standards. One of the key strengths of this standard is its comprehensive approach to safety and performance. By setting explicit performance requirements, EN 13452-1:2003 establishes a foundational benchmark that helps ensure the reliability and efficiency of braking systems in urban transport. This is critical not only for passenger safety but also for the efficient operation of mass transit systems, which must often navigate complex urban environments. The standard's relevance is underscored by its applicability to various types of vehicles, providing flexibility for manufacturers and transport authorities alike. Furthermore, it empowers Transport Authorities to define particular parameters and performance values based on local operational needs, which adds a layer of customization while maintaining adherence to overarching European guidelines. In addition, this standard explicitly calls for compliance verification through practical testing as outlined in prEN 13452-2, ensuring that the theoretical framework translates into actionable performance outcomes in real-world conditions. The provisions that require suppliers to identify any non-compliances during the tendering process further enhance accountability and quality assurance. While EN 13452-1:2003 is robust, it intentionally excludes special transport systems such as suspended monorails and scenic railways, which may have unique operational requirements. This clarity in scope helps prevent misapplication of the standard and ensures that it is utilized effectively within its intended context. Overall, the EN 13452-1:2003 standard stands out as a critical document for the railway applications domain, effectively setting forth performance requirements that bolster the safety and efficiency of mass transit brake systems. It reflects a well-considered approach to urban transport standards that balances uniformity with the flexibility to adapt to specific operational contexts.
EN 13452-1:2003 표준은 도시 교통 시스템의 브레이크 성능에 대한 최소 및 최대 요구사항을 규정하여 차량의 안전성과 신뢰성을 보장하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다. 이 표준은 강철 또는 고무 타이어 바퀴로 움직이는 차량이 강철 레일이나 동등한 수단에 의해 안내되는 환경에서의 브레이크 시스템 요구사항을 명확히 함으로써 교통 시스템의 통일성과 효율성을 높이는 데 기여합니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 트램, 경전철, 메트로 등 다양한 도시 교통 수단에 적용된다는 점입니다. 이는 새로 설계된 차량, 주요 개조가 진행되는 경우, 기존 차량의 새로운 설계에 대해서도 포괄적으로 적용되므로, 도시 교통의 혁신 및 안전성을 높이는 데 큰 도움을 줍니다. 교통 당국은 필요에 따라 성능 값을 달리 지정할 수 있어 유연성 또한 제공됩니다. 또한, EN 13452-1:2003 표준은 브레이크 시스템 요구사항의 일환으로 교통 당국이 이 표준을 포함하도록 보장하고 있으며, 공급자가 입찰 시 이 표준에 대한 비준수 사항을 식별하도록 요구합니다. 이러한 접근은 실질적인 컴플라이언스를 촉진하여 모든 신규 및 주요 개조 차량이 일관된 성능 요구사항을 준수하게 만듭니다. 마지막으로, 이 표준은 prEN 13452-2에 따라 시험을 통해 기능적 및 성능 요구사항이 준수되는지를 검증할 수 있는 체계를 마련하고 있어, 실제 운행에서의 신뢰성과 안정성을 더욱 강화하는 데 기여하고 있습니다. 이러한 점에서 EN 13452-1:2003 표준은 도시 교통 시스템의 브레이크 성능에 있어 필수 불가결한 기준으로 자리 잡고 있습니다.
Die Europäische Norm EN 13452-1:2003 legt wesentliche Mindest- und Höchstanforderungen für Bremsanlagen und deren Leistung fest. Die Norm hat sich als entscheidend für die Sicherheit und Effizienz von urbanen Verkehrssystemen erwiesen, die auf Stahlrädern oder gummibereiften Rädern basieren und durch Stahlgleise oder vergleichbare Mittel geführt werden. Die Stärken dieser Norm liegen in ihrer umfassenden Anwendbarkeit, die eine Vielzahl von Fahrzeugtypen abdeckt, darunter Straßenbahnen, leichte Bahnen, U-Bahn-Systeme auf Stahl- und Gummireifen, sowie Pendel- und Regionalbahnen. Darüber hinaus legt die Norm spezifische Anforderungen und Leistungsparameter fest, die sowohl für neu konzipierte Fahrzeuge als auch für größere Umbauten gelten, solange diese Diesen Redesign oder weitreichende Modifikationen des Bremssystems beinhalten. Dies gewährleistet, dass alle neuen Bauprojekte von bestehenden Fahrzeugdesigns die erforderlichen Sicherheitsstandards erfüllen. Besonders hervorzuheben ist die Tatsache, dass Transportbehörden die Umsetzung dieser Norm in die Bremsanlagenspezifikationen einbeziehen müssen. Durch die Verpflichtung der Lieferanten zur Offenlegung von Nicht-Konformitäten zum Zeitpunkt der Angebotsabgabe wird ein hohes Maß an Transparenz und Verantwortlichkeit geschaffen. Die Norm regelt auch die Überprüfung der Einhaltung der funktionalen und leistungsbezogenen Anforderungen durch Tests gemäß prEN 13452-2, was die praktische Umsetzbarkeit der Norm in der Branche unterstützt. Die Relevanz der EN 13452-1:2003 kann nicht unterschätzt werden, da sie nicht nur zur allgemeinen Sicherheit im öffentlichen Nahverkehr beiträgt, sondern auch Innovationen und Verbesserungen im Bereich der Bremsanlagen fördert. Diese Standards setzen Rahmenbedingungen, die für die Entwicklung und den Betrieb moderner Transportmittel unerlässlich sind.
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