EN 1011-6:2018

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Schweißen - Empfehlungen für das Schweißen von metallischen Werkstoffen - Teil 6: LaserstrahlschweißenSoudage - Recommandations pour le soudage des matériaux métalliques - Partie 6 : Soudage par faisceau laserWelding - Recommendation for welding of metallic materials - Part 6: Laser beam welding25.160.10Varilni postopki in varjenjeWelding processesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1011-6:2018SIST EN 1011-6:2019en,fr,de01-marec-2019SIST EN 1011-6:2019SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1011-6:20061DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1011-6
December
t r s z ICS
t wä s x rä s r Supersedes EN
s r s sæ xã t r r wEnglish Version
Welding æ Recommendation for welding of metallic materials æ Part
xã Laser beam welding Soudage æ Recommandations pour le soudage des matßriaux mßtalliques æ Partie
x ã Soudage par faisceau laser
Schweißen æ Empfehlungen zum Schweißen metallischer Werkstoffe æ Teil
xã LaserstrahlschweißenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on
t { July
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
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t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s r s sæ xã t r s z ESIST EN 1011-6:2019

European foreword . 5 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 Health and safety and protection of the environment . 9 5 Quality requirements . 9 6 Equipment . 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Provisions for acceptance testing . 10 6.3 Provisions for maintenance and calibration . 10 7 Qualification of welding personnel . 10 8 Welding procedure specification . 10 9 Welding procedure test . 10 10 Consumables . 11 10.1 Filler metals . 11 10.2 Gases . 11 11 Design . 11 11.1 Overall design of structure or product . 11 11.2 Joint design . 11 11.3 Joint preparation . 12 12 Laser beam welding . 13 12.1 Characteristics . 13 12.1.1 Modes. 13 12.1.2 Energy transfer . 13 12.1.3 Pulsed beam welding . 14 12.1.4 Beam oscillation . 14 12.1.5 Ramping . 14 12.1.6 Beam focussing . 14 12.1.7 Gas shielding . 14 12.1.8 Use of consumables . 14 12.1.9 Hybrid processes . 14 12.2 Advantages and limitations . 15 12.3 Assembling and fixtures . 15 12.4 Process control. 15 12.5 Inspection and testing . 16 12.6 Imperfections . 16 Annex A (informative)
Equipment . 17 A.1 Description of laser process . 17 A.1.1 Principles . 17 A.1.2 Components . 17 SIST EN 1011-6:2019

Laser beam properties . 28 Annex C (informative)
Information about weldability of metallic materials . 30 C.1 General . 30 C.2 Steels and iron alloys. 30 C.2.1 General . 30 C.2.2 C-Mn and structural steels . 31 C.2.3 Alloy steels . 31 C.2.4 Stainless steels . 31 C.2.5 Cast irons . 31 C.2.6 Soft iron . 31 C.3 Nickel alloys . 32 C.4 Aluminium and magnesium alloys . 32 C.5 Copper and its alloys . 32 C.6 Refractory and reactive metals . 32 C.7 Titanium and its alloys . 33 C.8 Dissimilar metals . 33 C.9 Non-metals . 33 Annex D (informative)
Information about causes of weld imperfections and prevention . 34 Annex E (informative)
Beam control and monitoring . 37 E.1 General . 37 E.2 Focus point . 37 E.3 Beam alignment and pilot beam coincidence . 37 E.4 Beam power . 38 E.5 Beam power distribution . 38 E.6 Nozzle alignment . 38 E.7 Pulsed beam power data . 39 E.8 Manipulators, guides, etc. . 39 Annex F (informative)
Laser beam processing . 40 F.1 Laser beam cutting . 40 F.1.1 Characteristics . 40 F.2 Laser beam drilling . 41 F.2.1 Characteristics . 41 F.2.2 Advantages and limitations . 42 F.2.3 Surface preparation . 42 F.3 Laser beam surface treatment . 42 SIST EN 1011-6:2019

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4 Health and safety and protection of the environment See EN 14717 for a general environmental checklist which is also applicable to laser beam welding. Laser beam processing introduces additional hazards over and above those normally experienced in arc welding. Specialist advice should be sought, see e.g. EN 60825-1 and EN ISO 11553-1. Guidance for safety aspects related to the application of industrial robots for manipulation of the focussing devices and/or the components to be welded can be found in EN ISO 10218-1 and EN ISO 10218-2. 5 Quality requirements Laser beam welding is a complex process needing detailed process control. All processing is performed under numerical control necessitating programming of each single operation. The application shall be controlled at a level compatible with EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5. This does not entail a requirement for certification but the process control should operate in accordance with EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5. It is a condition for efficient process control that quality requirements for joint geometry and other relevant requirements have been specified prior to start of fabrication. A number of European Standards specify joint geometry and relevant quality criteria and can be used for reference, as appropriate: Table 1 — Quality criteria Requirements and tolerances Standard no. Quality requirements to beam welded joints EN ISO 13919-1 EN ISO 13919-2 Quality requirements for cut surfaces EN ISO 9013 General tolerances EN ISO 13920 General requirements EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5 specify provisions for information and items to be agreed and specified prior to the start of fabrication. EN 1011-1:2009, Annex A can be used as a guide in case EN ISO 3834-2 and EN ISO 3834-5 are not called for. SIST EN 1011-6:2019

6.3 Provisions for maintenance and calibration Provisions for maintenance are not standardized. The supplier's manuals shall be consulted. Principles for calibration, verification and validation and minimum requirements are specified in EN ISO 17662. 7 Qualification of welding personnel The requirements for the qualification of personnel for fully mechanized and automatic welding and allied processes are laid down in EN ISO 14732 Among the different procedures specified in this European Standard, the functional test is particularly suitable as a basis for qualification of personnel responsible for the operation and set-up of laser beam processing. In a functional test, the operator or setter demonstrates his knowledge of working with a procedure specification and of setting, supervising and checking the laser beam processing machine. 8 Welding procedure specification All details for the laser beam welding of components shall be recorded in a welding procedure specification (WPS) according to EN ISO 15609-4. Procedure specification for cutting, drilling, surface treatment and cladding are not standardized. EN ISO 15609-4 can, however, give some guidance. 9 Welding procedure test Formal qualification of all procedures for laser processing is recommended for all applications and required for many applications. Qualification of procedures for laser beam welding (when required) can be performed by procedure testing, see EN ISO 15614-11. Qualification by pre-production testing can also be relevant, however, see EN ISO 15613. Qualification by pre-production testing is common practice for cutting, drilling and surface treatment. EN ISO 15613 can give some guidance. Qualification of procedures for laser beam welding for cladding (when required) can be performed by procedure testing, see EN ISO 15614-7. Qualification by pre-production testing can also be relevant, however, see EN ISO 15613. SIST EN 1011-6:2019

Key 1 run-on plate 2 work piece 3 run-off plate 4 start of weld 5 end of weld Figure 1 — Work piece with run-on and run-off plate for separating the weld start and weld end SIST EN 1011-6:2019

% for shorter wavelength and less reflective surfaces. However, if the beam has enough power to establish a keyhole, reflection becomes of minor importance. Consideration of the reflectivity of the material has become less important with the general availability of high power and high beam quality lasers. When reflectivity causes problems this can result in the process becoming unstable and the keyhole not being established locally where for some reason a higher percentage of the beam energy is reflected. SIST EN 1011-6:2019
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