EN 12797:2000
(Main)Brazing - Destructive tests of brazed joints
Brazing - Destructive tests of brazed joints
This European Standard describes destructive test procedures and test piece types necessary to perform the tests on brazed joints.
Brazed joints are used in a wide variety of assemblies and the design requirements placed upon these joints will also vary widely; there will usually be some level of strength required but this may not be explicitly stated and is frequently of minor importance compared to some
other criterion, e.g. hermeticity. It follows that a test which measures strength may be totally irrelevant in assessing a joint for a particular application where strength is a minor consideration. This situation is made more complicated because brazed joints are almost
invariably designed to be loaded in shear and the dimensions of the joint affect the shear strength to a much greater extent than they do the tensile strength. The tests described in this standard have been used successfully to give information on specific properties and where such information is needed, it is recommended that one of them be specified. It is vital to recognise that for many fabrications none of these tests will be suitable and specific tests will have to be devised, which do yield the requisite information (which may be qualitative rather then quantitative). The destructive test methods described are as follows: a) shear tests (see clause 4); b) tensile tests (see clause 5); c) metallographic examination (see clause 6); d) hardness tests (see clause 7); e) peel test (see clause 8); f) bend tests (see clause 9).
Details of burst tests are not included as these are not commonly used on brazed joints. The type of test piece described for each test can be quoted or incorporated in engineering applications standards that deal with brazed assemblies. The results of the tests are used:
1) to determine basic data regarding filler metal performance; 2) to arrive at optimum brazing designs (including gaps) and brazing
procedures...(Truncated)
Hartlöten - Zerstörende Prüfung von Hartlötverbindungen
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt zerstörende Prüfverfahren und Arten von Prüfstücken, die zur Durchführung von Prüfungen an Hartlötverbindungen notwendig sind. Hartlötverbindungen werden in großer Vielfalt für Konstruktionen genutzt. Die konstruktiven Anforderungen, die an diese Verbindungen gestellt werden, sind ebenfalls sehr unterschiedlich; normalerweise werden einige Festigkeits-stufen gefordert. Dies ist jedoch nicht immer die einzige Festlegung, da sie häufig im Vergleich zu anderen Kriterien, z. B. Luftdichtheit, eine geringere Bedeutung hat. Daraus folgt, daß eine Festigkeitsprüfung für die Beurteilung einer Verbindung für eine besondere Anwendung vollständig belanglos sein kann, wenn die Festigkeit von geringerer Bedeutung ist. Diese Situation wird dadurch erschwert, daß Hartlötverbindungen meist so konstruiert sind, daß sie gleichbleibende Schubbeanspruchung aufnehmen, und daß die Abmessungen der Verbindung durch die Scherfestig-keit in größerem Umfang als durch die Zugfestigkeit beeinflußt werden. Die in dieser Norm beschriebenen Prüfverfahren sind erfolgreich angewendet worden, um Informationen über spezifische Eigenschaften zu erhalten.
Es wird empfohlen, eines von ihnen festzulegen, wenn derartige Informationen benötigt werden. Wesentlich ist die Erkenntnis, daß für viele Fertigungen keine dieser Prüfungen geeignet ist und daher spezifische Prüfungen zu entwickeln sind, um die notwendigen Informationen zu erhalten (die eher qualitativ als quantitativ sein können). Die folgenden zerstörenden Prüfverfahren werden beschrieben:
a) Scherzugprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 4); b) Zugprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 5); c) Metallographische Untersuchung (siehe Abschnitt 6);
d) Härteprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 7); e) Schälprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 8); f) Biegeprüfung (siehe Abschnitt 9). Da Berstprüfungen bei Hartlötverbindungen nicht allgemein gebräuchlich sind, sind Einzelheiten darüber nicht enthal-ten...(Abgeschnitten)
Brasage fort - Essais destructifs des assemblages réalisés par brasage fort
La présente Norme européenne décrit des procédures d'essais destructifs et des types de pièce d'essai nécessaires pour effectuer les essais sur assemblages réalisés par brasage fort (assemblages brasés). Les assemblages brasés sont utilisés pour une grande variété d'assemblages et les exigences de conception dont font l'objet ces assemblages brasés sont très diverses ; en général, un certain niveau de résistance est exigé, mais celui-ci peut ne pas être mentionné explicitement et il revêt souvent une moindre importance en comparaison avec d'autres critères tels que l'étanchéité. Il s'ensuit qu'un essai consistant à mesurer la résistance peut être complètement inadéquat pour évaluer un assemblage brasé pour une application particulière où la résistance à une moindre importance. La situation est rendue plus complexe car les assemblages brasés sont presque systématiquement conçus pour des charges de cisaillement et les dimensions de l'assemblage brasé affectent la résistance au cisaillement dans une bien plus grande mesure qu'ils n'affectent la résistance à la traction. Les essais décrits dans la présente norme européenne ont permis d'obtenir des informations sur des propriétés spécifiques, et lorsque de telles informations sont nécessaires, il est recommandé que l'un de ces essais soit spécifié. Il faut admettre que pour de nombreuses fabrications brasées, aucun de ces essais ne convient et des essais spécifiques appropriés, permettant d'obtenir les informations recherchées, doivent être conçus (ils peuvent être qualitatifs plutôt que quantitatifs). Les méthodes d'essai destructif décrites sont les suivantes : a) essai de cisaillement (voir article 4) ; b) essai de traction (voir article 5) ; c) examen métallographique (voir article 6) ;
d) essai de dureté (voir article 7) ; e) essai de pelage (voir article 8) ; f) essai de pliage (voir article 9)...(Tronqué)
Trdo spajkanje - Porušitveno preskušanje spajkanih spojev
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 18-Jul-2000
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 121 - Welding
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 121/WG 20 - Brazing
- Current Stage
- 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 06-May-2010
- Completion Date
- 06-May-2010
Relations
- Effective Date
- 22-Dec-2008
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
Overview
EN 12797:2000 is a European Standard (CEN) that specifies destructive test procedures and test-piece types for brazed joints. It defines a set of laboratory methods used to characterize mechanical and metallurgical properties of brazed assemblies. The standard is intended to provide reproducible test methods so results can be used to assess filler-metal performance, optimize brazing designs and procedures, and support engineering specifications for brazed components.
Key topics and requirements
- Scope: procedures and test-piece geometries necessary to carry out destructive testing on brazed joints.
- Destructive test methods described (clause references in the standard):
- Shear tests (clause 4) - for assessing joint shear strength, important because brazed joints are commonly loaded in shear.
- Tensile tests (clause 5) - measure tensile performance where applicable.
- Metallographic examination (clause 6) - microstructure, intermetallic layers, and joint integrity.
- Hardness tests (clause 7) - hardness profiles across the joint and base metals.
- Peel test (clause 8) - quality of brazed interfaces in lap configurations.
- Bend tests (clause 9) - ductility and soundness of the brazed region.
- Tests excluded: burst tests are not covered because they are not commonly used for brazed joints.
- Important considerations: the standard notes that joint dimensions strongly influence shear strength, and that strength tests may be irrelevant where other criteria (e.g., hermeticity) are primary. For many fabrications, bespoke tests may be required if the standardized methods do not provide the needed information.
Practical applications
- Material and process qualification: determine filler metal performance, wetting and joint formation under specified brazing procedures.
- Design optimization: establish optimal joint gaps, geometries and process parameters to meet mechanical targets.
- Quality control and failure analysis: validate brazing procedures and investigate joint defects using metallography, hardness, and mechanical tests.
- Specification drafting: include the standard’s test-piece types and procedures in engineering application standards for brazed assemblies.
Who should use EN 12797:2000
- Design and joining engineers specifying brazed assemblies.
- Materials and process engineers evaluating filler metals and brazing cycles.
- Test laboratories and QA/inspection teams performing destructive testing.
- Standards committees and technical writers drafting application-specific brazing requirements.
Related standards
- EN 12797:2000 is a CEN European Standard for brazing destructive tests; engineering application standards for specific components often reference these test-piece types and methods. For project-specific needs, develop supplementary or bespoke tests when standard methods do not address required performance criteria.
Keywords: EN 12797:2000, brazing, destructive tests, brazed joints, shear tests, tensile tests, metallographic examination, hardness tests, peel test, bend tests, filler metal performance, brazing design, hermeticity.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12797:2000 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Brazing - Destructive tests of brazed joints". This standard covers: This European Standard describes destructive test procedures and test piece types necessary to perform the tests on brazed joints. Brazed joints are used in a wide variety of assemblies and the design requirements placed upon these joints will also vary widely; there will usually be some level of strength required but this may not be explicitly stated and is frequently of minor importance compared to some other criterion, e.g. hermeticity. It follows that a test which measures strength may be totally irrelevant in assessing a joint for a particular application where strength is a minor consideration. This situation is made more complicated because brazed joints are almost invariably designed to be loaded in shear and the dimensions of the joint affect the shear strength to a much greater extent than they do the tensile strength. The tests described in this standard have been used successfully to give information on specific properties and where such information is needed, it is recommended that one of them be specified. It is vital to recognise that for many fabrications none of these tests will be suitable and specific tests will have to be devised, which do yield the requisite information (which may be qualitative rather then quantitative). The destructive test methods described are as follows: a) shear tests (see clause 4); b) tensile tests (see clause 5); c) metallographic examination (see clause 6); d) hardness tests (see clause 7); e) peel test (see clause 8); f) bend tests (see clause 9). Details of burst tests are not included as these are not commonly used on brazed joints. The type of test piece described for each test can be quoted or incorporated in engineering applications standards that deal with brazed assemblies. The results of the tests are used: 1) to determine basic data regarding filler metal performance; 2) to arrive at optimum brazing designs (including gaps) and brazing procedures...(Truncated)
This European Standard describes destructive test procedures and test piece types necessary to perform the tests on brazed joints. Brazed joints are used in a wide variety of assemblies and the design requirements placed upon these joints will also vary widely; there will usually be some level of strength required but this may not be explicitly stated and is frequently of minor importance compared to some other criterion, e.g. hermeticity. It follows that a test which measures strength may be totally irrelevant in assessing a joint for a particular application where strength is a minor consideration. This situation is made more complicated because brazed joints are almost invariably designed to be loaded in shear and the dimensions of the joint affect the shear strength to a much greater extent than they do the tensile strength. The tests described in this standard have been used successfully to give information on specific properties and where such information is needed, it is recommended that one of them be specified. It is vital to recognise that for many fabrications none of these tests will be suitable and specific tests will have to be devised, which do yield the requisite information (which may be qualitative rather then quantitative). The destructive test methods described are as follows: a) shear tests (see clause 4); b) tensile tests (see clause 5); c) metallographic examination (see clause 6); d) hardness tests (see clause 7); e) peel test (see clause 8); f) bend tests (see clause 9). Details of burst tests are not included as these are not commonly used on brazed joints. The type of test piece described for each test can be quoted or incorporated in engineering applications standards that deal with brazed assemblies. The results of the tests are used: 1) to determine basic data regarding filler metal performance; 2) to arrive at optimum brazing designs (including gaps) and brazing procedures...(Truncated)
EN 12797:2000 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.160.50 - Brazing and soldering. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 12797:2000 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 12797:2000/A1:2003, prEN 12797. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 12797:2000 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 97/23/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/071. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 12797:2000 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Trdo spajkanje - Porušitveno preskušanje spajkanih spojevHartlöten - Zerstörende Prüfung von HartlötverbindungenBrasage fort - Essais destructifs des assemblages réalisés par brasage fortBrazing - Destructive tests of brazed joints25.160.50Trdo in mehko lotanjeBrazing and solderingICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12797:2000SIST EN 12797:2001en01-december-2001SIST EN 12797:2001SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 12797
...
The article discusses EN 12797:2000, a European standard that outlines destructive test procedures and test piece types for testing brazed joints. The standard acknowledges that brazed joints have varying design requirements, with factors such as hermeticity often being more important than strength. The tests described in the standard have been successful in providing specific information on properties, but it is noted that for some fabrications, alternative tests may need to be developed. The destructive test methods outlined in the standard include shear tests, tensile tests, metallographic examination, hardness tests, peel tests, and bend tests. Burst tests are not commonly used for brazed joints. The results of these tests are used to determine filler metal performance and optimize brazing designs and procedures.
이 기사에서는 EN 12797:2000이라는 유럽 표준에 대해 설명하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 파손 실험 절차와 특정 형태의 시험 조각에 필요한 정보를 제공합니다. 납봉을 사용한 접합은 다양한 조립체에서 사용되며 디자인 요구사항도 다양합니다. 일반적으로 일정한 강도가 필요하지만 강도보다 무조건적으로 중요하지 않으며, 밀폐성과 같은 기준과 비교하여 상대적으로 중요하지 않을 수 있습니다. 따라서 강도를 측정하는 시험은 강도가 부차적인 요소인 특정 응용분야에서는 완전히 관련 없을 수 있습니다. 납봉을 사용한 접합은 거의 항상 전단력에 의해 부하를 받도록 설계되며, 접합의 치수는 인장강도보다 전단강도에 훨씬 더 큰 영향을 미칩니다. 이 표준에 설명된 시험 방법은 특정 속성에 대한 정보를 성공적으로 제공하기 위해 사용되었습니다. 따라서 해당 정보가 필요한 경우, 이러한 시험 중 하나가 지정되어야 합니다. 다만, 많은 제작품에서는 이러한 시험 중 어느 하나도 적합하지 않을 수 있으며, 필요한 정보 (kwali "테이티브"보다는 "퀀터타이브"일 수도 있는)을 제공하는 특정 시험을 개발해야 합니다. 이 표준에서 설명한 파손 시험 방법은 다음과 같습니다: (a) 전단 시험 (4절 참조); (b) 인장 시험 (5절 참조); (c) 금속 조직학적 검사 (6절 참조); (d) 경도 시험 (7절 참조); (e) 벗김 시험 (8절 참조); 및 (f) 굽힘 시험 (9절 참조). 납봉을 사용한 접합의 통증 실험 세부 사항은 일반적으로 사용되지 않으므로 제외되었습니다. 각 테스트에 대해 설명된 시험 조각은 납봉 조립에 관련된 기술적 응용 표준 문서에 인용될 수 있습니다. 이러한 시험 결과는 다음과 같은 목적으로 사용됩니다: 1) 납재료의 성능에 관한 기본 데이터를 결정하는 것과 2) 갭을 포함한 최적의 납봉 디자인 및 납봉 절차에 도달하는 것...(중략)
この記事はEN 12797:2000という欧州規格について説明しています。この規格は破壊試験手順と試験試片の種類について必要な情報を提供しています。はんだ接合はさまざまな組立体で使用され、設計要件もさまざまです。通常、強度が必要ですが、強度は他の基準（例：気密性）と比べて重要性が低い場合があります。したがって、強度を測定する試験は、強度が重要な要素ではない特定の応用においては全く関係のないものとなる場合があります。はんだ接合はほぼ常にせん断荷重で負荷されるように設計されており、接合の寸法は引張り強度よりもせん断強度に大きな影響を与えます。本規格で説明されている試験は、具体的な特性に関する情報を提供するために成功裏に使用されてきました。したがって、その情報が必要な場合には、これらの試験のいずれかが指定されることが推奨されます。ただし、多くの製作物においてこれらの試験は適切ではなく、必要な情報（定性的なものである場合もある）を提供するために特定の試験が開発される必要があります。本規格で述べられた破壊試験方法は以下のとおりです：a）せん断試験（第4節を参照）；b）引張試験（第5節を参照）；c）金属学的検査（第6節を参照）；d）硬さ試験（第7節を参照）；e）はく離試験（第8節を参照）；およびf）曲げ試験（第9節を参照）。はんだ接合に対する破裂試験の詳細は一般的に使用されないため、含まれていません。各試験の試験試片のタイプは、はんだ組立体に関連する技術的な応用規格に引用されるか、組み込まれることができます。これらの試験の結果は次の目的で使用されます：1）フィラー金属の性能に関する基本データの決定；2）最適なはんだ設計（隙間を含む）およびはんだ手順の確立...（省略）
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...