EN 15340:2007
(Main)Thermal spraying - Determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings
Thermal spraying - Determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings
This European Standard specifies the procedure for determination of the shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings, provided that a minimum thickness is given.
Additionally this European Standard defines the shear load resistance and the designation of the fracture’s structure on the test specimen, which occurs when the shear adhesive or adhesive/ cohesive or cohesive strength of the coating or the coating system will be exceeded.
The test report is the basis for comparative statements regarding shear load resistance and structure of fracture.
NOTE The test for the determination of the shear load resistance is not recommended for sprayed coatings thinner than approximately 150 µm because the adjustment of shear distance becomes critical.
Thermisches Spritzen - Bestimmung des Scherbeanspruchungswiderstandes bei thermisch gespritzten Schichten
La présente Norme européenne prescrit le mode opératoire permettant de déterminer la résistance au cisaillement des revêtements obtenus par projection thermique, à condition de disposer d’une épaisseur minimale.
De plus, la présente Norme européenne définit la résistance au cisaillement et la désignation de la structure de la rupture qui se produit sur l’éprouvette en cas de dépassement de l’adhérence en cisaillement ou de l’adhérence en cisaillement/en cohésion ou de la cohésion en cisaillement du revêtement ou du système de revêtement.
Les observations comparatives concernant la résistance au cisaillement et la structure de la fissure se fondent sur le rapport d’essai.
NOTE L’essai portant sur la détermination de la résistance au cisaillement est déconseillé pour tout revêtement projeté d’une épaisseur inférieure à environ 150 µm, le réglage de la distance de cisaillement devenant alors critique.
Projection thermique - Détermination de la résistance au cisaillement des revêtements obtenus par projection thermique
Vroče brizganje – Ugotavljanje odpornosti vroče brizganih prevlek proti strižnim obremenitvam
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 13-Mar-2007
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 240 - Thermal spraying and thermally spraying coatings
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 240 - Thermal spraying and thermally spraying coatings
- Current Stage
- 9092 - Decision on results of review/2YR ENQ - revise - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 12-Nov-2024
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
Overview
EN 15340:2007 (CEN) - "Thermal spraying - Determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings" defines a standardized laboratory procedure to measure the shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings. The standard covers test setup, specimen preparation, test execution and reporting, and classification of fracture modes (adhesive, cohesive or mixed). It is intended for coatings that meet a minimum thickness (the test is not recommended for coatings thinner than ~150 µm).
Key topics and technical requirements
- Purpose: Determine adhesive strength (coating/substrate interface), cohesive strength (within the coating) or mixed failure by loading the coating parallel to the interface.
- Specimen geometry and preparation: Coated area typically 5 mm × 10 mm on a prepared substrate; coating thickness must be measured (non‑destructively or by metallography). Avoid overspray; abrasive cleaning (120 grit recommended) may be used to remove unavoidable overspray.
- Test equipment: Universal testing machine per EN ISO 7500-1 (class 2.5) or equivalent desktop machine; hard‑metal shear plate (ISO 1832 examples suggested) mounted on a guided punch; load cell and displacement gauge to record force–displacement.
- Key test parameters:
- Shear distance d = 50 µm ± 20 µm (account for surface roughness)
- Shear plate travel speed ≈ 50 µm/s
- Minimum of five specimens per spray cycle for statistics
- Results and acceptance: Shear load resistance is taken as the first peak of the force–displacement curve. Report arithmetic mean and standard deviation (SD must be < 10 %; otherwise repeat testing). Shear energy (area under the curve to first maximum) may be calculated for energy absorption assessment.
- Fracture modes:
- Mode 1 - adhesive failure at interface (FSa)
- Mode 2 - mixed adhesive/cohesive (FSa/c)
- Mode 3a/3b - cohesive failures within coating (FSc), with subtypes for brittle/ductile behavior
- Test report essentials: inspector, specimen material, coating thickness/material, shear distance, shear plate geometry, speed, all single measurement results with fracture types, mean and SD, and special remarks.
Applications and users
EN 15340:2007 is used for:
- Quality control and acceptance testing in thermal spray workshops
- Process development and optimization (surface prep, spray parameters, materials)
- Comparative evaluation of coating systems (bond/top coats)
- Failure analysis and R&D on coating adhesion/cohesion
Typical users: coating engineers, QA inspectors, material scientists, specification writers, and procurement professionals requiring reproducible adhesion data for thermally sprayed coatings.
Related standards
- EN 657:2005 (thermal spraying terminology/classification)
- EN ISO 7500-1 (verification of testing machines)
- ISO 1832 (indexable inserts - shear plate geometry examples)
- EN 582, EN ISO 2064 (referenced in bibliography for related coating tests)
Keywords: EN 15340:2007, thermal spraying, shear load resistance, thermally sprayed coatings, shear test, coating adhesion, cohesive strength, CEN.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 15340:2007 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Thermal spraying - Determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the procedure for determination of the shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings, provided that a minimum thickness is given. Additionally this European Standard defines the shear load resistance and the designation of the fracture’s structure on the test specimen, which occurs when the shear adhesive or adhesive/ cohesive or cohesive strength of the coating or the coating system will be exceeded. The test report is the basis for comparative statements regarding shear load resistance and structure of fracture. NOTE The test for the determination of the shear load resistance is not recommended for sprayed coatings thinner than approximately 150 µm because the adjustment of shear distance becomes critical.
This European Standard specifies the procedure for determination of the shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings, provided that a minimum thickness is given. Additionally this European Standard defines the shear load resistance and the designation of the fracture’s structure on the test specimen, which occurs when the shear adhesive or adhesive/ cohesive or cohesive strength of the coating or the coating system will be exceeded. The test report is the basis for comparative statements regarding shear load resistance and structure of fracture. NOTE The test for the determination of the shear load resistance is not recommended for sprayed coatings thinner than approximately 150 µm because the adjustment of shear distance becomes critical.
EN 15340:2007 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.220.20 - Surface treatment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Thermal spraying - Determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatingsREUHPHQLWYDPProjection thermique - Détermination de la résistance au cisaillement des revetements obtenus par projection thermiqueThermisches Spritzen - Bestimmung des Scherbeanspruchungswiderstandes bei thermisch gespritzten SchichtenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15340:2007SIST EN 15340:2007en;fr;de25.220.20Površinska obdelavaSurface treatmentICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15340:200701-junij-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15340March 2007ICS 25.220.20 English VersionThermal spraying - Determination of shear load resistance ofthermally sprayed coatingsProjection thermique - Détermination de la résistance aucisaillement des revêtements obtenus par projectionthermiqueThermisches Spritzen - Bestimmung desScherbeanspruchungswiderstandes bei thermischgespritzten SchichtenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 February 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15340:2007: E
Evaluation.11 Annex B (informative)
Coating systems and sources of error.14 B.1 Coating systems (bond/top coat).14 B.2 Faults in testing.14 Bibliography.15
“Mode 3a” - if in case of hard coatings continuous blistering of small or larger pieces of the coating occurs; - if soft and/or porous coatings will be compressed and continuously scraped off; • “Mode 3b” - if the fracture path runs within the coating especially parallel to the interface coating/substrate and the coating part under the shear plate detaches in one piece 3.4 shear energy ES area below the force displacement curve provided by the shear test NOTE The energy ES up to the first shear force maximum can be calculated using the force-displacement curve provided by the shear test. The energy ES relates to the energy absorption of the coating-substrate system until failure. 3.5 shear distance d distance between interface coating/substrate and the edge of the shear plate 3.6 shear load resistance value of the first maximum of the load during the shear test process 4 Equipment The shear test may be performed using a universal testing machine in accordance with EN ISO 7500-1 class 2.5 or using stand alone desk top machine which fulfils the corresponding requirements for accuracy and reproducibility. The construction of the testing machine shall be able to apply a force required for the operation. The principle of the testing set up is demonstrated in Figure 1.
Key 1 load cell
6 specimen holder 2 guided punch
7 displacement gauge
...
SIST EN 15340:2007は、熱処理スプレーコーティングのせん断荷重抵抗の測定手続きを規定した欧州標準である。標準の範囲は、熱処理スプレーによるコーティングが最低限の厚さがある場合に限られ、そのせん断荷重抵抗を正確に測定する方法を詳述している。 この標準の主な強みは、せん断荷重抵抗の定義と、試験標本上の破断構造の指定が明確に示されている点である。これにより、コーティングまたはコーティングシステムの接着強度、接着/ cohesive強度、cumulative cohesive強度が超過した時に発生する破損の型を科学的に評価できる。 特に、SIST EN 15340:2007は比較的高い精度でせん断荷重抵抗を評価し、試験報告書をもとに異なるコーティングの性能を比較可能にする。これにより、コーティング材選定や品質管理において顕著な信頼性が提供される。重要なのは、せん断荷重抵抗の測定は、約150 µm未満のスプレーコーティングには推奨されないという点であり、厚さが重要な要素であることを指摘している。 この標準は、様々な業界における熱処理スプレーコーティングの性能評価において重要な役割を果たし、特に材料科学やコーティング技術の分野での研究や開発において広く利用されている。したがって、SIST EN 15340:2007は、熱処理スプレーコーティングの性能評価のための基準として、その関連性と意義を持ち続けている。
Die Norm EN 15340:2007 stellt einen wichtigen Standard im Bereich der thermischen Spritzbeschichtungen dar. Ihr Hauptziel ist die Spezifikation des Verfahrens zur Bestimmung des Scherbelastungswiderstands von thermisch gespritzten Beschichtungen, vorausgesetzt, dass eine Mindestdicke angegeben ist. Dies gewährleistet, dass im praktischen Einsatz optimale Beschichtungseigenschaften erreicht werden. Die Stärken dieser Norm liegen in ihrer genauen Definition des Scherbelastungswiderstands sowie der Beschreibung der Bruchstruktur auf dem Prüfstück. Diese Aspekte sind von großer Bedeutung für die Beurteilung der Leistung von Beschichtungssystemen. Die Norm fördert ein besseres Verständnis der mechanischen Eigenschaften der Beschichtungen und ihrer Anwendung in der Industrie. Ein weiterer wichtiger Punkt ist, dass der Prüfbericht, der aus der Anwendung dieser Norm resultiert, als Grundlage für vergleichende Aussagen hinsichtlich des Scherbelastungswiderstands dient. Dies ist entscheidend für die Qualitätssicherung und die Auswahl geeigneter Materialien in verschiedenen Anwendungen. Die Norm betont zudem, dass die Durchführung des Tests zur Bestimmung des Scherbelastungswiderstands nicht für Beschichtungen dünner als etwa 150 µm empfohlen wird, da die Anpassung des Scherabstands kritisch wird. Dies zeigt, dass die Norm sowohl die Praktikabilität als auch die Sicherheit in der Anwendung von thermisch gespritzten Beschichtungen in den Vordergrund stellt. Insgesamt ist die EN 15340:2007 ein unverzichtbares Dokument für Fachleute, die im Bereich der thermischen Spritztechnologien tätig sind, da es wertvolle Informationen und Richtlinien zur Bewertung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Beschichtungen bietet.
EN 15340:2007 표준 문서는 열분사 코팅의 전단 하중 저항을 결정하기 위한 절차를 규명하고 있습니다. 이 유럽 표준은 열분사 코팅의 최소 두께가 확보된 경우에만 적용되어야 하며, 통계적으로 신뢰할 수 있는 비교 결과를 제공하기 위한 기본적인 테스트 방법을 정의하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 주요 장점 중 하나는 열분사 코팅의 전단 하중 저항을 측정하는 명확한 프로세스를 제시한다는 점입니다. 특히, 전단 하중 저항의 정의와 시험 시편의 파괴 구조 지정을 통해 코팅 또는 코팅 시스템의 접착력과 응집력의 한계를 명확하게 설명하고 있습니다. 이러한 과정은 코팅 재료의 성능 평가와 품질 보증에서 중요한 역할을 하며, 제품의 신뢰성을 높이는 데 기여합니다. 또한, EN 15340:2007은 전단 하중 저항을 비교하기 위한 기준으로 활용될 수 있는 시험 보고서를 제공합니다. 이는 산업 전반에서 열분사 코팅의 성능을 정량적으로 분석하고 평가하는 데 필수적인 정보를 제공합니다. 특히, 코팅 두께가 약 150 µm 이하인 경우에는 이 테스트를 권장하지 않으며, 이는 전단 거리 조정의 중요성을 강조하고 있습니다. 결론적으로, EN 15340:2007 표준은 열분사 코팅의 전단 하중 저항 측정에 있어 신뢰할 수 있는 방법론을 제시하며, 이 표준의 준수는 제품의 내구성과 품질 보증을 통한 산업적 신뢰성을 강화하는 데 매우 중요한 역할을 합니다.
La norme SIST EN 15340:2007 constitue un document phare dans le domaine des revêtements thermiquement pulvérisés, spécifiquement en ce qui concerne la détermination de la résistance à la charge de cisaillement. Son champ d’application est clairement défini, stipulant que la méthode s’applique uniquement aux revêtements ayant une épaisseur minimale. Cela garantit que les résultats obtenus soient à la fois pertinents et fiables, en évitant les complications dues aux revêtements plus fins, pour lesquels l'ajustement de la distance de cisaillement pourrait poser des difficultés. L’un des points forts de cette norme réside dans sa capacité à fournir une définition claire de la résistance à la charge de cisaillement, ainsi que la désignation de la structure de fracture sur l’échantillon testé. Cela permet aux utilisateurs de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de défaillance potentiels des revêtements, qu'il s'agisse de défaillances adhésives, cohésives ou mixtes. La normalisation des procédures permet également des comparaisons objectives entre différents systèmes de revêtement, offrant ainsi un cadre solide pour l'évaluation des performances des revêtements thermiquement pulvérisés. De plus, la norme insiste sur l'importance de la rédaction d'un rapport de test qui servira de base pour des déclarations comparatives concernant la résistance à la charge de cisaillement et la structure de la fracture. Cela permet non seulement d'assurer une compréhension commune entre les différents acteurs du marché, mais aussi de garantir que les résultats soient documentés de manière systématique et répétable. En résumé, la norme SIST EN 15340:2007 est non seulement pertinente mais également essentielle pour les professionnels du secteur désireux d’évaluer correctement les revêtements thermiquement pulvérisés. Sa méthodologie rigoureuse et sa clarté font de cette norme un outil précieux pour le développement et l'assurance qualité des revêtements, promouvant ainsi des pratiques cohérentes et fiables au sein de l'industrie.
The EN 15340:2007 standard is a crucial document that provides comprehensive guidelines for the determination of shear load resistance of thermally sprayed coatings. This European Standard is vital in ensuring that coatings meet the necessary performance requirements under specified conditions. The scope of the standard clearly outlines the procedures required to assess shear load resistance, which is foundational for manufacturers and users in understanding the durability of their thermal spray applications. One of the significant strengths of this standard is its precise definition of shear load resistance, along with the methodology for categorizing the structure of fractures that may occur when the shear load exceeds the adhesive or cohesive strength of the coating system. By detailing the mechanisms of failure, this standard allows for a clear understanding of the integrity and longevity of thermally sprayed coatings, which is crucial for industries reliant on high-performance materials. Moreover, the standard's clear specifications regarding minimum thickness requirements underscore its relevance in practical applications. By indicating that the shear load resistance test is not advised for coatings thinner than approximately 150 µm, the EN 15340:2007 prevents misinterpretations and ensures that testing results are reliable and applicable. This careful consideration of the material properties demonstrates the standard's commitment to safeguarding the integrity of thermal spray technology. The test report generated from the procedures outlined in the EN 15340:2007 is instrumental for comparative analysis, enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions based on the shear load resistance and fracture characteristics of their coatings. Thus, this standard plays a pivotal role in standardizing methodologies and enhancing the reliability of thermal spray coatings in various industrial applications.










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