CEN/TS 15675:2007

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2008
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SULSHULRGLþQLKPHULWYDK
Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Application of EN ISO/IEC
17025:2005 to periodic measurements
Luftbeschaffenheit - Messung von Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Anwendung der
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 auf wiederkehrende Messungen
Qualité de l'air - Mesurage des émissions de sources fixes - Application de l'EN ISO /CEI
17025:2005 a des mesures périodiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15675:2007
ICS:
13.040.40
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15675
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2007
ICS 13.040.40
English Version
Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions -
Application of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 to periodic
measurements
Qualité de l'air - Mesures des émissions de sources fixes - Luftbeschaffenheit - Messung von Emissionen aus
Application de EN ISO/CEI 17025:2005 à des mesures stationären Quellen - Anwendung der EN ISO/IEC
périodiques 17025:2005 auf wiederkehrende Messungen
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 18 September 2007 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15675:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Management requirements .10
5 Technical requirements .10
5.1 General.10
5.2 Personnel.10
5.3 Accommodation and environmental conditions .11
5.4 Test and method validation .12
5.5 Equipment .14
5.6 Measurement traceability.15
5.7 Sampling.16
5.8 Handling of test items .20
5.9 Assuring the quality of test results.20
5.10 Reporting the results.20
Annex A (informative) Measurement standards.22
Annex B (informative) Example competence criteria for personnel carrying out emission
measurements.24
Annex C (informative) Selection of standard methods.29
Annex D (informative) Examples of emission measurement equipment.30
Annex E (informative) Operation and verification checks on equipment.39
Annex F (informative) Site review .40
Annex G (informative) Abbreviations .41
Bibliography .42

Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15675:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air Quality”,
the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document has been prepared by WG 19 “Emissions monitoring strategy” of CEN/TC 264 as one of three
basic documents on measurements of stationary source emissions consisting of:
 EN 15259, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Requirements for measurement
sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
 CEN/TS 15674, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Guidelines for the
elaboration of standardised methods
 CEN/TS 15675, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Application of
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 to periodic measurements
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Introduction
The European Standard EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 contains the general requirements for the competence of
testing laboratories if they wish to demonstrate that they operate a quality system, are technically competent
and are able to generate technically valid results.
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 recognises at 1.6, Note 1, that it might be necessary to explain or interpret certain
requirements in this European Standard to ensure that the requirements are applied in a consistent manner.
This Technical Specification provides guidance on the application of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 in the specific
field of periodic measurement of emissions from stationary sources. In producing this document the guidance
for establishing applications for specific fields given in Annex B of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 has been followed.
The periodic measurement of emissions can be undertaken for a wide range of substances using various
techniques, which have both sampling and analytical components. Examples of relevant CEN and ISO
methods are listed at Annex A.
The periodic measurement of emissions has widespread uses, particularly where automated measuring
systems (AMS) for permanent installation are not available or are judged to be inappropriate for reasons of
cost or technical application. These uses, which can be carried out for regulatory purposes, include
 measurements for determining compliance with emission limit values,
 calibrating AMS,
 field testing of AMS for conformance assessment,
 acceptance trials on new pollution abatement plan and
 determining emission factors for use in emissions trading and inventory reporting.
In this field of measurement of stationary source emissions sampling in situ and analysis in the laboratory are
two very different activities which are generally performed by two different teams which may not belong to the
same laboratory. For the purposes of conformance with 4.5 of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 either the sampling
team or the analytical team should be identified as the lead contractor with the other identified as the sub-
contractor. In these circumstances the interface requirements between the teams and the minimum
requirements, as specified in the relevant measurement method, for the sampling and analysis activities
should be clearly documented. By these means the tasks to be audited in any auditing and/or accreditation
process should be clearly identified.
In some EU member states, accreditation of sampling and analysis is required for carrying out periodic
measurement for regulatory purposes. Where this is not the case, it is still generally preferred that the
subcontractor is accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 for the relevant scope of sampling or analysis. If this is
not available the lead contractor should audit the sub-contractor to verify its competence according to
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005. Also in some EU member states there can be legal requirements that
 both the sampling and analysis are carried out by a single laboratory, or
 the sampling team is always the lead contractor and is responsible for the whole of the measurement
including signing of off the overall measurement report.
This Technical Specification supplements EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 by providing clarification and additional
information. However, it does not re-state all the provisions of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 and laboratories are
reminded of the need to comply with all of the relevant criteria detailed in
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005. The clause numbers in this document follow those of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005
although the text from EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 is not repeated. EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 remains the
authoritative document and in cases of dispute the individual accreditation bodies have the task to adjudicate
on unresolved matters.
A list of abbreviations used in this Technical Specification is provided in Annex G.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification supplements the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, and is suitable for the
demonstration of competence of laboratories that undertake periodic measurement of emissions from
stationary sources including
 the taking of representative samples of emissions and subsequent laboratory analysis for gases and for
particulate species,
 the determination of reference quantities such as temperature, pressure, water vapour and oxygen
content in the field and
 the use of portable instruments (such as hand held instruments and transportable instruments used in
mobile laboratories) in the field.
This Technical Specification is applicable to all laboratories undertaking the periodic measurement of
emissions from stationary sources, the calibration of installed automated measuring systems in accordance
with EN 14181:2004 and/or the field testing of automated measuring systems for conformity assessment
purposes.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025:2005)
EN 15259:2007, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Requirements for
measurement sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
testing laboratory
laboratory that performs tests
NOTE 1 The term “testing laboratory” can be used in the sense of a legal entity, a technical entity or both.
NOTE 2 A testing laboratory undertakes work at the laboratory’s permanent facilities, at sites away from their
permanent facilities and in temporary or mobile laboratories.
NOTE 3 The sampling and analysis stages often occur at different locations as the analysis stage can be carried out at
a permanent laboratory.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.31]
3.2
testing
action of carrying out one or more tests
3.3
test
technical operation that consists of the determination of one or more characteristics of a given product,
process or service according to a specified procedure
NOTE For emission measurements, a test consists of a series of measurements of one measurand or of combined
measurements of several measurands.
3.4
conformity assessment
demonstration that specified requirements relating to a product, process, system, person or body are fulfilled
[EN ISO/IEC 17000:2004, 2.1]
NOTE In air quality this is often referred to as suitability testing where measurements and evaluations are carried out
on an automated measurement system (AMS) and/or equipment to determine its compliance with specified performance
criteria.
3.5
measurement
set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity
[VIM:1993, 2.1]
NOTE The operations can be performed automatically.
3.6
periodic measurement
determination of a measurand at specified time intervals
NOTE The specified time intervals can be regular (e.g. once every month) or irregular. Measurands can include the
amount or physical property of an emission. Measurements are usually made using portable equipment for typically less
than 24 h.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.3]
3.7
measurement series
successive measurements of the same measurand carried out at the same measurement plane and at the
same process operating conditions
3.8
measurement method
logical sequence of operations, described generically, used in the performance of measurements
NOTE 1 Measurement methods are primarily EN, ISO or national standards.
NOTE 2 Measurement methods can be defined by regulation and specified by the regulator. The method used can be
specified in the customer contract.
3.9
operating procedure
OP
laboratory’s written procedures on how to perform a method
NOTE These procedures provide generic instructions.
3.10
reference method
RM
measurement method taken as a reference by convention, which gives the accepted reference value of the
measurand
NOTE 1 A reference method is fully described.
NOTE 2 A reference method can be a manual or an automated method.
NOTE 3 Alternative methods can be used if equivalence to the reference method has been demonstrated.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.8]
3.11
standard reference method
SRM
reference method prescribed by European or national legislation
[EN 15259:2007, 3.9]
NOTE 1 Standard reference methods are used e.g. to calibrate and validate AMS and for periodic measurements to
check compliance with limit values.
NOTE 2 See Annex C for examples of SRM.
3.12
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions
NOTE An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
[EN 14181:2004, 3.2]
3.13
sampling equipment
equipment used to take samples of emissions, instruments used for direct reading of emissions and
instruments used to gather supporting information on environmental conditions pertaining at the time of the
measurements
3.14
measurement site
place on the waste gas duct in the area of the measurement plane(s) consisting of structures and technical
equipment, for example working platforms, measurement ports, energy supply
NOTE Measurement site is also known as sampling site.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.11]
3.15
measurand
particular quantity subject to measurement
[VIM:1993, 2.6]
NOTE The measurand is a quantifiable property of the waste gas under test, for example mass concentration of a
measured component, temperature, velocity, mass flow, oxygen content and water vapour content.
3.16
reference quantity
specified physical or chemical quantity which is needed for conversion of the measurand to standard
conditions
NOTE Reference quantities are e.g. temperature (T = 273,15 K), pressure (p = 101,325 kPa), water vapour
ref ref
volume fraction (h = 0 %), and oxygen volume fraction o .
ref ref
[EN 15259:2007, 3.7]
3.17
field blank value
result of a measurement determined according to the field blank procedure at the plant site and in the
laboratory in an identical manner to the normal measurements in the series, except that no waste gas is
sampled during the measurement of the field blank
3.18
measurement objective
scope of the measurement programme
[EN 15259:2007, 3.20]
3.19
measurement plan
structured procedure to fulfil a defined measurement objective
[EN 15259:2007, 3.21]
3.20
site review
visit conducted by the testing laboratory before undertaking emission measurements to ensure that the
physical and logistical situation is fully understood before arriving on-site to conduct work
NOTE The site review provides information essential for determining the appropriate measurement method and
development of the measurement plan.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.23]
3.21
measurement record sheet
sheet on which the laboratory’s on-site measurement data and operations are recorded at the time they are
made
3.22
measurement programme file
file in which details of the measurement programme for an individual site are recorded
3.23
measurement report
report established by the testing laboratory according to the customer request and containing at least the
information required in the standards applied in the measurements programme, in particular EN 15259
3.24
stationary source
fixed position industrial process from which emissions to the atmosphere are made
3.25
duct
structure which conveys the waste gas
3.26
stack
structure through which waste gas is released to the atmosphere
NOTE Stacks are intended to be of sufficient height to adequately disperse emissions in the atmosphere. Stacks can
contain one or more ducts. Measurement of emissions can be undertaken in stacks and ducts.
3.27
competent authority
organisation responsible for implementing environmental policy and legislation
3.28
customer
organization or person that defines the measurement objective and receives the measurement report
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 9000:2000, Definition 3.3.5.
3.29
emission limit value
numerical limit on an emission, which may not be exceeded during one or more periods of time
NOTE 1 Emission limit values can be related for example to mass or mass concentration.
NOTE 2 Emission limit values can also be laid down for certain groups, families or categories of substances.
4 Management requirements
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.2 Personnel
Generic criteria for personnel competency are required. An example is given in Annex B.
Emission measurement at stationary sources is complex and requires the ability to work under difficult
operating conditions. Staff should be assessed to ensure they meet the physical fitness requirements to
operate under difficult conditions.
Personnel competence is a key aspect of emission measurements because the sampling is often carried out
in arduous and hazardous circumstances. EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 recognises that personnel certification can
be required for certain applications and maybe a regulatory requirement. The provision of such a scheme
should be consistent with the generic requirements described in Annex B.
NOTE Auditors acting on behalf of accreditation bodies assess the competence of personnel for example during site
visits and take into account education, experience and any personnel certification scheme.
5.3 Accommodation and environmental conditions
5.3.1 Equipment and reagents shall be protected from damage during storage and transportation from a
laboratory’s permanent site to the location where samples or measurements are to be made at the stationary
source.
Sampling for periodic measurements is undertaken on industrial plants often at height in difficult conditions. A
suitable platform shall be provided that meets the size and safety requirements for the correct performance of
the measurement exercise as specified in EN 15259.
Temporary shelter and portable lighting shall be used when appropriate to protect from weather conditions
and ensure safe working conditions for the correct performance of the measurement exercise.
NOTE 1 Methods can advise on the means of protecting the integrity of reagents during storage and transportation. It
is good practice to store reagents and samples out of direct sunlight and at a suitable controlled temperature.
The measurement site should be easily and safely accessible via stairs. To transport measuring instruments,
in the case of measurement sites, which are not at ground level, transport means should be provided, for
example hoists or lifts.
When the measurement site is being selected, it should not be in the area of sources that emit unexpectedly,
for example rupture disks, overpressure valves or steam discharges. Any hazard should be excluded by
structural or organisational measures.
For safety reasons, it is preferable that the measurement section should not be in a region of positive pressure.
Suitable measures should ensure that the laboratory personnel carrying out the sampling are informed of any
process operating faults which could endanger them.
It is advantageous to accommodate the working platform or measurement site within the plant building.
Particular care should be taken to ensure that the working area is sufficiently protected from heat and dust.
Otherwise, protective measures, for example weather protection and heating, should be taken to ensure the
necessary environmental conditions for the sampling personnel and the equipment being used.
NOTE 2 Environmental conditions can affect the measurement result. The ability to follow methods and thereby
produce reliable results can be impaired by adverse weather conditions such as wind, rain, snow and inadequate light.
Service requirements such as electricity supply should also be considered.
5.3.2 The possible affects of environmental conditions on ambient temperature shall be managed by the
following:
 recording and taking account of the ambient temperature at the measurement site;
 maintaining the temperature of heated equipment at the operating conditions for the particular method
being used;
 keeping portable analysers at their specified operational temperature range;
 maintaining a stable and appropriate ambient temperature in mobile laboratories while analysers are
operating.
5.3.3 Emission measurements have a high potential for contamination of samples. The laboratory shall
identify and assess the risk of contamination and a clean area shall be available for setting up, recovering and
storing equipment and samples.
NOTE A clean area can be designated in an area close to the place where work is being carried out if the risk of
contamination is low. The use of field blanks indicates retrospectively if the sample is contaminated.
5.3.4 Access to and use of areas affecting the quality of the measurements shall be controlled. If
necessary the area for equipment set up and the work area should be cordoned off so that access to the
sampling equipment is restricted. If necessary a mobile laboratory should be manned or otherwise secure so
that access is restricted at all times.
5.3.5 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.4 Test and method validation
5.4.1 General
The laboratory shall use a method for conducting emission measurements, which is fit for purpose for the
process and plant configuration.
The laboratory shall use written procedures as specified in EN 15259. Written procedures should include the
following:
a) operating procedures (OP), which should
 state how a method or group of methods should be performed by providing supplementary material
clarifying sampling techniques and analysis and
 provide detailed instructions on how equipment should be utilised and how data are to be recorded
and how results are to be reported;
b) a measurement plan to detail the application of the OP to a specific site to meet the measurement
objective, which should in particular specify the following:
 operating conditions of the industrial process plant including fuel or feedstock, waste gas
components and reference quantities to be measured;
 temporal and spatial organisation of the required measurements;
 measurement methods to be applied, any deviations form these and the overall uncertainty;
 measurement sections and measurement sites;
 technical supervisor, necessary personnel and auxiliary help for carrying out the measurement
exercise;
 proposed measurement dates;
 reporting arrangements.
5.4.2 Selection of methods
Measurement shall be carried out in accordance with specified methods.
When selecting a method the following, as a minimum, shall be assessed:
 primary legislation such as EC Directives (e.g. Waste Incineration [1] and Large Combustion Plant [2]
Directives), which specify the methods that should be used and whether AMS are required;
 tertiary legislation, such as permits issued under the IPPC Directive [3], which are required to specify the
method;
NOTE The European IPPC Bureau has produced a Reference Document on the General Principles of
Monitoring [4]. This document recognises that wherever possible emissions should be monitored using standards
produced by recognised standard-making organisations and sets out a hierarchy of standards making organisations
(see Annex A and Annex C).
 suitability of the method including performance characteristics, such as the limit of detection of the
method, for determining compliance with the authorised limits;
 modification of a method if it is found to be unsuitable;
 use of other methods, if the proposed method is not suitable.
5.4.3 Laboratory-developed methods
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.4.4 Non-standards methods
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.4.5 Validation of methods
5.4.5.1 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.4.5.2 Where it is necessary to modify a method or use a method other than that first proposed by the
customer it shall be demonstrated to be equivalent by a process of validation, as specified e.g. in
CEN/TS 14793:2005.
NOTE 1 This process of validation consists of
 definition of the method and the field of equivalence (range and type of gas matrix),
 determination of the method and calculation of the overall uncertainty and other characteristics such as limit of
detection of the method and selectivity, and where appropriate, check of compliance of the maximum overall
uncertainty and
 check of repeatability and lack of systematic error of the method in the field and, where appropriate, in comparison
with the SRM for the type of matrix defined in the field of equivalence.
NOTE 2 An example of validation is given in CEN/TS 14793:2005.
NOTE 3 Most CEN standards are validated whereas other standards may not be. However, methods can include
quality criteria, such as field blank values.
5.4.5.3 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.4.6 Estimation of uncertainty of measurement
Where a method has a stated uncertainty this can only be achieved if the requirements of the method are
complied with in full. Where a method is not complied with in full or a method without a stated uncertainty is
used the laboratory shall estimate the uncertainty of the measurement.
NOTE In practice precisely following the requirements of methods can be difficult for example because of limited
access restricting use of all sampling points or poor positioning of the sampling plane. In these circumstances the
estimation of the uncertainty relating to the results of a specific emission measurement exercise can be complicated and
not possible to quantify. In these cases only qualifying remarks can be practical.
EN ISO 14956 and EN ISO 20988 provide generic guidance on how to estimate the uncertainty of
measurements. For periodic measurements this guidance can be applied using the following approaches,
depending on the situation to estimate the measurement uncertainty:
 repeat measurements on reference materials;
 experimental work in the field, for example, repeatability experiments, paired comparisons and inter-
laboratory comparisons;
 estimations based on previous results or data e.g. instrument specifications.
5.4.7 Control of data
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5 Equipment
5.5.1 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5.2 Procedures shall be in place that ensures the equipment that affects measurement uncertainty is
appropriate to the reference method and the process specific environment where it is to be used.
NOTE Annex D is an example of a generic equipment checklist for emission measurements, which provides details
of equipment used to carry out a method.
The measurement equipment shall be constructed in materials that meet or exceed the requirements of the
method being employed.
In cases where no material specifications are given, the materials shall satisfy the following requirements:
 a non-reactive to the pollutant being measured;
 not cause any positive or negative interference to the measurement process;
 have sufficient strength to withstand the environmental conditions (e.g. vibration, heat, shear forces, flex,
and abrasion) associated with the process being measured and the measurement environment.
5.5.3 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5.4 The identification of equipment shall be in an accessible location for viewing and it should be etched,
stamped, or otherwise permanently affixed to the component.
5.5.5 The history of equipment use shall be traceable so that possible causes of problems can be
determined.
A record sheet for equipment use, which enables potential problems, maintenance procedures and possible
sources of contamination to be identified, should be developed for use with methods.
5.5.6 EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 recognises at this section that additional procedures may be necessary
when measuring equipment is used outside the permanent laboratory for tests and sampling. Equipment that
has been calibrated shall not be affected during transportation.
NOTE 1 This requires safe handling and transportation procedures.
Equipment that is assembled on site shall be fit for purpose to meet the leak check requirements specified in
the method used. Leaks in sample trains shall be minimised otherwise sample concentrations will be
incorrectly determined.
NOTE 2 Sampling equipment generally comprises several pieces of apparatus (e.g. probes, filters, traps, pumps,
meters) connected together to form a ‘sampling train’.
Where possible, mechanical connections should be rigid and provide a positive seal when tightened. Gasket
material should be non-reactive to the gas being measured and able to withstand the temperatures exposed
to without degrading.
Equipment shall be maintained so that it functions to the required specification.
Contamination and deterioration of equipment should be assessed and dealt with in a planned manner.
Components and equipment, which are exposed to the sample stream, should be thoroughly cleaned and
dried, including the sample media area, prior to conducting sampling. If performing multiple measurements
with the same equipment, the sample train should be cleaned between each measurement. Cleaning should
be performed according to the conditions stipulated in the standard method to prevent contaminating or
otherwise affecting the sample.
5.5.7 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5.8 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5.9 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5.10 Before measurement commences, the equipment shall be subject to operational and quality checks in
accordance with the relevant measurement method (examples of this are given in Annex E).
5.5.11 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.5.12 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.6 Measurement traceability
5.6.1 General
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.6.2 Specific requirements
5.6.2.1 Calibration
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.6.2.2 Testing
5.6.2.2.1 The laboratory shall identify the calibration aspects of its methods that can contribute significantly
to the total uncertainty of the measurement result. Where appropriate the calibration of reference material and
equipment (e.g. Pitot tubes) shall be traceable to a laboratory accredited under EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005. If
this is not possible, the testing laboratory shall satisfy itself of the quality of the reference material and
equipment.
NOTE 1 Such equipment include:
 instruments to measure physical parameters, such as temperature, pressure, flow, volume (e.g. dry-gas meters,
burettes, pipettes), weight (e.g. analytical balances) and
 analysers to measure waste gas (e.g. chemiluminescence NO analysers, FID analysers, paramagnetic oxygen
x
analysers).
Some items of measurement equipment should be calibrated periodically, e.g. Pitot probes, manometers,
thermocouples, balances, volumetric flasks, burettes and pipettes.
NOTE 2 This periodic calibration can vary from once a month to once a year. Other items of equipment, such as waste
gas analysers require calibration as an integral part of each measurement.
NOTE 3 Examples of occasions when calibration is required as an integral part of the emission measurements include
span and zero checks, e.g. instrumental analysers subject to annual full calibration, but span and zero checks to assess
instrument drift when used on site.
Calibration gases shall be traceable to SI units.
NOTE 4 Gases from national standards laboratories can be used to check the concentrations of gas mixtures used to
carry out routine QA/QC checks.
5.6.2.2.2 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.6.3 Reference standards and reference materials
No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.7 Sampling
5.7.1 Emission measurements consist of planning, sampling, analysis and reporting of results. Figure 1
illustrates key stages of periodic measurements of emissions from stationary sources and the interrelations
between the individual measurement standards and the general document EN 15259.
Figure 1 — Illustration of key stages of periodic measurements of emissions from stationary sources

5.7.2 The sampling stage occurs away from the laboratory’s permanent facilities. In order to ensure
satisfactory sampling and measurement data the following best practice shall be followed:
a) Site review
Emission measurement personnel need to understand the physical and logistical situation on site before
commencing work. Before emission measurements are undertaken a pre-measurement site review shall
be undertaken. The review shall provide information essential to determining the appropriate
measurement method and development of the measurement plan, which shall be approved prior to
conducting the work.
A technically responsible person (technical supervisor) shall conduct the review. Information collected
during the visit shall be conveyed to the sampling team prior to commencing work. The review shall
include an exchange of information with the plant operator to obtain information relevant to the work.
The site review should be undertaken at an earlier date to the date of sampling so that there is ample
time to prepare the measurement plan and for any remedial actions to be carried out by the team and/or
the operator or regulatory authority commissioning the measurement.
The site review shall be documented.
In order to prevent any critical items being overlooked, the laboratory shall prepare a checklist of those
items that shall be evaluated. Examples of items that shall be evaluated and determined during a site
review and included in a site review checklist are detailed in Annex F.
The site review may be abbreviated on repeat visits to the site once the laboratory has full knowledge of
the particular site and the specific requirements of the work in hand.
b) Measurement plan
A measurement plan (EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 requires a sampling plan) shall be used to address the
factors to be controlled to ensure the validity of measurement results.
A technical responsible person shall produce a measurement plan (see 5.4.2).
NOTE The plant operator is responsible for providing the competent authority with the measurement plan
although the plan is produced by the laboratory that undertakes the measurements.
When emission measurements are undertaken for regulatory purposes the process operator and
competent authority prior to commencement of the measurement should approve the plan. The
laboratory should retain copies of the plan.
c) Measurement program file
A file shall be used to record all the details of the emission measurement program for an individual site. A
measurement program file shall contain, as a minimum, the following information:
 scope of work agreed with the customer;
 equipment used;
 reference to equipment history for the measurement campaign;
 forms to be used by the site operator;
 reagents and sample media used;
 record of deviations;
 measurement record sheets.
d) Measurement record sheets
The laboratory shall have procedures for recording measurement data and operations relating to the
emission measurements. Measurement record sheets shall be used to record this information. These
sheets shall be included as part of the final measurement report. Measurement record sheets shall, as a
minimum, include the following information:
 date;
 name of the measurement team member making the records;
 measurement method used;
 identification of the equipment;
 sampling location (including diagrams as necessary);
 environmental conditions, e.g. atmospheric pressure;
 details of measurement start and finish times;
 for manual methods, details of sampling, e.g. dry gas metre readings, solution volumes, pressure
and temperature readings;
 for instrumental methods, the output or indicated readings of the analyser;
 for manual methods, sample details, e.g. sample bottle or sorbent tube identification label.
e) Field blanks
When measurements are undertaken that require sample analysis to be carried out at a laboratory’s
permanent facility sample blanks shall also be analysed and reported. Many standards specify the
procedure for blanks. Where the method does not specify blanks a field blank shall be produced that
meets the following verification and validation requirements:
 the field blank value shall not be deducted from the measured value;
 the field blank value shall be less than percentage value of the measured value or of the limit value to
which the measurement result is to be compared;
 if the calculated measured value is less than the previously determined field blank value, the reported
result of measurement is defined as less or equal to the field blank value.
f) Sample recovery
For certain techniques and methods it is necessary to recover the sample at the end of the sampling
period before it is analysed. Sample recovery shall be undertaken in a manner that does not affect the
integrity of the result.
NOTE Examples of sample recovery procedures are
 recovery of particulate matter upstream of the filter by rinsing, evaporation and weighing before adding the
weight gain to that of the filter and
 rinsing of all non-heated glassware upstream of impingers and combination of the washings with the
impinger solution for analysis.
It is usual for sample recovery to be carried out on site rather than after the site visit in the permanent
laboratory. On-site sample recovery is essential for extended sampling campaigns with multiple runs. The
sample recovery shall be carried out as described in the method of measurement and the laboratory’s
operating procedures. These shall state the reagents to use (e.g. water, toluene or acetone) and the
cleaning technique (e.g. brushing or rinsing with wash bottle).
5.8 Handling of test items
5.8.1 The transport of waste gas from the duct to an analyser or to the analytical laboratory shall not affect
the sample result.
Collected samples should be maintained under environmental conditions that do not alter the integrity of the
result. The competent authority may require a chain of custody record to be maintained from the collection of
samples, to sample storage, to sample analysis. The record should detail the person, who has possession of
the samples, and the location of the samples.
5.8.2 The stack itself is considered to be part of the measurement item and therefore shall be identifiable by
a specific reference number or description.
5.8.3 Any deviations from a method caused by measurement sites not conforming to the method
requirements (e.g. access restricted to one port) shall be recorded.
5.8.4 No additional information to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005.
5.9 Assuring the quality of test results
Appropriate schemes for proficiency testing (PT) by interlaboratory comparisons should be used where
available. Details on the use of PT schemes are provided in IS
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