EN 691-1:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2012
Varnost lesnoobdelovalnih strojev - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Safety of woodworking machines - Part 1: Common requirements
Sicherheit von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen - Teil 1: Gemeinsame Anforderungen
Sécurité des machines pour le travail du bois - Partie 1: Prescriptions communes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 691-1:2012
ICS:
79.120.10 Lesnoobdelovalni stroji Woodworking machines
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 691-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2012
ICS 79.120.10
English Version
Safety of woodworking machines - Part 1: Common
requirements
Sécurité des machines pour le travail du bois - Partie 1: Sicherheit von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen - Teil 1:
Prescriptions communes Gemeinsame Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 September 2012.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 691-1:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .9
3.1 General .9
3.2 Definitions .9
4 List of significant hazards . 14
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 Controls . 17
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems . 17
5.2.2 Position of control actuators . 25
5.3 Protection against mechanical hazards . 26
5.3.1 Stability . 26
5.3.2 Risk of break-up during operation . 26
5.3.3 Tool holder and tool design . 26
5.3.4 Braking . 26
5.3.5 Guards, protective devices; design, arrangement . 27
5.3.6 Prevention of access to moving parts . 29
5.3.7 Impact hazard . 30
5.3.8 Clamping devices . 30
5.3.9 Devices to minimise the possibility or the effect of ejection . 30
5.3.10 Work-piece supports and guides . 32
5.4 Protection against non-mechanical hazards . 32
5.4.1 Fire . 32
5.4.2 Noise . 32
5.4.3 Emission of chips and dust . 33
5.4.4 Electricity . 34
5.4.5 Ergonomics and handling . 35
5.4.6 Lighting . 35
5.4.7 Pneumatic . 35
5.4.8 Hydraulic . 35
5.4.9 Electromagnetic compatibility . 36
5.4.10 Laser . 36
5.4.11 Static electricity . 36
5.4.12 Isolation . 36
5.4.13 Maintenance . 37
6 Information for use . 37
6.1 Warning devices . 37
6.2 Marking . 37
6.3 Instruction handbook . 38
Annex A (normative) Stability test for displaceable machines . 42
A.1 Test of stability during machining . 42
A.2 Test of stability during transportation . 43
Annex B (normative) Impact test method for guards . 44
B.1 General . 44
B.2 Test method . 44
B.2.1 Preliminary remarks . 44
B.2.2 Testing equipment . 44
B.2.3 Projectile for impact tests. 44
B.2.4 Sampling. 45
B.2.5 Test procedure . 45
B.3 Results . 45
B.4 Assessment . 45
B.5 Test report . 46
B.6 Test equipment for impact test . 46
Annex C (normative) Test for braking function . 47
C.1 Conditions for all tests . 47
C.2 Un-braked run-down time . 47
C.3 Braked run down time . 47
C.4 Run-up time . 48
Annex D (normative) Operating conditions for noise emission measurement for machines not
included in ISO 7960:1995 . 49
D.1 General . 49
D.2 Noise measurements . 49
D.2.1 Test conditions . 49
D.2.2 Microphone positions . 49
D.3 Machine operating conditions. 53
Annex E (informative) Spindle overspeed detection . 55
E.1 General . 55
E.2 Spindle overspeed detection . 55
E.2.1 General . 55
E.2.2 Design of control circuits in category 2 . 55
E.2.3 Design of control circuits in category 3 . 56
Annex F (informative) Recommended airflow rates for woodworking machines . 57
Bibliography . 60

Foreword
This document (EN 691-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 142 “Woodworking
machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This document, EN 691-1, which concerns general requirements which are common to most woodworking
machines, is intended to be used with the parts XX of EN 691, i.e.:
 EN 691-XX: Requirements for particular types of woodworking machines which either supplement or
modify the requirements given in EN 691-1 to account for the particular hazards and characteristics of
these specific machines.
Compliance with the relevant clauses of EN 691-1 together with a relevant EN 691-XX provides one means of
conforming with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive.
Organisations contributing to the preparation of this document include European Committee of Woodworking
Machinery Manufacturers Association "EUMABOIS".
The European Standards produced by CEN/TC 142 are particular to woodworking machines and complement
the relevant A and B Standards on the subject of general safety (see Introduction of EN ISO 12100:2010 for a
description of A, B and C standards).
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A and B standards,
the provisions of this standard take precedence over the provisions of other standards for machines that have
been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
The requirements of this document are directed to manufacturers and their authorised representatives of
woodworking machines. They are also useful for designers and importers.
This document also includes examples which can be provided and information which shall be provided by the
manufacturer to the user.
Requirements for milling tools, circular saw blades are given in EN 847-1:2005+A1:2007, for the shank of
shank mounted milling tools in EN 847-2:2001, for clamping devices in EN 847-3:2004.
1 Scope
This European Standard is applicable to woodworking machines with cutting tools and/or sanding tools as
defined in 3.2.1, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer.
This document deals with some but not all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to
woodworking machines: those that are common to most of such machines and are listed in Clause 4.
When a relevant part EN 691-XX does not exist, EN 691-1 can help to establish the requirements for the
machine, but will not by itself provide a means of conforming to the relevant essential health and safety
requirements of the Machinery Directive. In this case a risk assessment should be performed.
NOTE 1 Reasonably foreseeable misuse of machines is dealt with in the relevant parts EN 691-XX.
This document is not applicable to:
 machines set up on a bench or a table similar to a bench, which are intended to carry out work in a
stationary position, capable of being lifted by one person by hand, having a mass not exceeding 25 kg;
the bench can also be an integrated part of the machine if it consists of hinged legs which can be
extended down;
NOTE 2 A relevant part EN 691-XX may define different criteria for delimiting the Scope.
NOTE 3 Transportable electrically driven machines excluded by the Scope of this document are covered by the
requirements of EN 61029-1:2009 and parts of EN 61029-2-XX.
 hand held woodworking machines (hand held motor operated tools) or any adaptation permitting their use
in a different mode, i.e. bench mounting.
NOTE 4 Driven hand held motor operated tools are covered by EN 60745-1:2009 and parts of EN 60745-2-XX.
NOTE 5 Machines for capturing and extracting dust are covered by EN 12779:2004+A1:2009.
This document is not applicable to woodworking machines which are manufactured before the date of its
publication as EN.
NOTE 6 This document covers also woodworking machines which fulfil the criteria of the Machinery Directive,
Annex IV.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 847-1:2005+A1:2007, Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 1: Milling tools, circular saw
blades
1)
EN 847-2:2001 , Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 2: Requirements for the shank of
shank mounted milling tools
EN 847-3:2004, Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 3: Clamping devices
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators

1) This document is impacted by the corrigendum EN 847-2:2001/AC:2003.
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 3: Control actuators
EN 953:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and
construction of fixed and movable guards
EN 1005-1:2001+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 1: Terms and
definitions
EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling
of machinery and component parts of machinery
EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended
force limits for machinery operation
EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 4: Evaluation of
working postures and movements in relation to machinery
EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
EN 1088:1995+A2:2008, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection
EN 1760-1:1997+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 1: General
principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive mats and pressure sensitive floors
EN 1760-2:2001+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General
principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive edges and pressure sensitive bars
EN 1760-3:2004+A1:2009, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General
principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive bumpers, plates, wires and similar devices
EN 50178:1997, Electronic equipment for use in power installations
EN 50370-1:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine tools —
Part 1: Emission
EN 50370-2:2003, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine tools —
Part 2: Immunity
EN 50525-2-21:2011, Electric cables — Low voltage energy cables of rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V (Uo/U) — Part 2-21: Cables for general applications — Flexible cables with crosslinked elastomeric
insulation
)
EN 60204-1:2006 , Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2005, modified)
),
EN 60439-1:1999 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies — Part 1: Type-tested and partially
type-tested assemblies (IEC 60439-1:1999)

) This document is impacted by EN 60204-1:2006/A1:2009.
) This document is impacted by EN 60439-1:1999/A1:2004.
4)
EN 60529:1991 , Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 60825-1:2007, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
(IEC 60825-1:2007)
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for
visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007)
)
EN 61496-1:2004 , Safety of machinery — Electro−sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, modified)
CLC/TS 61496-2:2006, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 2: Particular
requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) (IEC 61496-2:2006)
CLC/TS 61496-3:2008, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 3: Particular
requirements for active opto-electronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDDR)
(IEC 61496-3:2008)
EN 61800-5-2:2007, Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems — Part 5-2: Safety requirements —
Functional (IEC 61800-5-2:2007)
EN ISO 3743-1:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for small movable sources in reverberant fields — Part
1: Comparison method for a hard-walled test room (ISO 3743-1:2010)
EN ISO 3743-2:2009, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure — Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields — Part 2: Methods for
special reverberation test rooms (ISO 3743-2:1994))
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 3745:2012, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Precision methods for anechoic rooms and hemi-anechoic rooms
(ISO 3745:2012)
EN ISO 3746:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting
plane (ISO 3746:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 9614-1:2009, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
intensity — Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993)
EN ISO 9614-2:1996, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
intensity — Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)

4) This document is impacted by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000.
) This document is impacted by EN 61496-1:2004/A1:2008.
EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental
corrections (ISO 11202:2010)
EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental
corrections (ISO 11204:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 11688-2:2000, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR 11688-2:1998)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
6)
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 , Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of controls systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
EN ISO 13849-2:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
(ISO 13849-2:2003)
EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)
ISO 7960:1995, Airborne noise emitted by machine tools — Operating conditions for woodworking machines
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following
apply.
3.2 Definitions
3.2.1
woodworking machine
machine designed to machine wood, material similar to wood, wood based materials and also these materials
if they are covered with edgings and/or laminates made of plastic, light alloy, veneer, etc.
Note 1 to entry: Materials analogous to wood include, for example, chipboard, fibreboard, plywood (and also these
materials when they are covered with plastic or light alloy laminates), cork, bone, rigid rubber or plastic.
3.2.2
machine actuator
power mechanism used to effect motion on the machine
3.2.3
run-up time
time elapsed from the actuation of the start control device until the spindle or machine part reaches the
intended speed
6) This document is impacted by the corrigendum EN ISO 13849-1:2008/AC:2009.
3.2.4
run-down time
time elapsed from the actuation of the stop control device up to spindle or machine part standstill
3.2.5
stationary machine
machine designed to be located on or fixed to the floor or other parts of the structure of the premises
3.2.6
displaceable machine
machine, stationary during use and equipped with a device, e.g. wheels, which allows it to be moved between
locations
3.2.7
climb cutting
cutting where the projection of the movement of the cutting knife in direction of the feed movement shows in
the same direction as the relative movement of the work-piece against the tool
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1a).
Key
1 tool, fixed axis
2 tool, moving axis
3 feed direction (work-piece)
4 work-piece (moving)
5 feed direction (tool)
6 work-piece (fixed)
a) Climb cutting
Key
1 tool, fixed axis
2 tool, moving axis
3 feed direction (work-piece)
4 work-piece (moving)
5 feed direction (tool)
6 work-piece (fixed)
b) Cutting against the feed
Figure 1 — Climb cutting and cutting against the feed
3.2.8
cutting against the feed
cutting where the projection of the movement of the cutting knife in direction of the feed movement shows in
the opposite direction as the relative movement of the work-piece against the tool
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1b).
3.2.9
information of the supplier
statements, sales literature, leaflets or other documents, in which a manufacturer (supplier) declares either the
characteristics of e.g. a material or product or the conformity of the material or product to a relevant standard
or specification
3.2.10
feed
relative movement between work-piece and tool(s) during machining
3.2.11
hand feed
manual holding and/or guiding of the work-piece or machine element with incorporated tool during machining;
hand feed includes the use of a hand operated support on which the work-piece is placed manually or
clamped and the use of a demountable power feed unit
3.2.12
integrated feed
mechanical feed
feed mechanism for the work-piece (or tool) which is integrated with the machine and where the work-piece
(or machine element with incorporated tool) is held and controlled mechanically during the machining
operation
3.2.13
kickback
particular form of ejection describing the unexpected movement of the work-piece or parts of it opposite to the
direction of feed during processing
3.2.14
safety function
function of the machine whose failure can result in an immediate increase of the risk(s)
[SOURCE: EN ISO 12100-1:2010, 3.30]
3.2.15
safety-related part of a control system (SRP/CS)
part of a control system that responds to safety-related input signals and generates safety-related output
signals
[SOURCE: EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 3.1.1]
Note 1 to entry: The combined safety-related parts of a control system start at the point where the safety-related input
signals are initiated (including for example, the actuating cam and the roller of the position switch) and end at the output of
the power control elements (including, for example, the main contacts of the contactor).
Note 2 to entry: If monitoring systems are used for diagnostics, they are also considered as SRP/CS.
3.2.16
application software
SRASW
software specific to the application, implemented by the machine manufacturer, and generally containing logic
sequences, limits and expressions that control the appropriate inputs, outputs, calculations and decisions
necessary to meet the SRP/CS requirements
[SOURCE: EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 3.1.36]
3.2.17
embedded software
firmware
system software
SRESW
software that is part of the system supplied by the control manufacturer and which is not accessible for
modification by the user of the machinery
[SOURCE: EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 3.1.37]
3.2.18
performance level
PL
discrete level used to specify the ability of safety-related parts of control systems to perform a safety function
under foreseeable conditions
[SOURCE: EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 3.1.23, 4.5.1]
3.2.19
operational stop
stop for operational reasons without cutting off the energy supply to the actuator(s) where the stop condition is
monitored and maintained
3.2.20
start-up of a machine
starting
change from rest to motion of a machine or of one of its parts, e.g. tool spindle(s)
3.2.21
manual control
situation where each process movement is initiated by the operator
3.2.22
automatic machine
machine which after initiation of start-up by the operator is capable of autonomously repeating machining
cycles; the work-piece may be manually loaded and/or unloaded
3.2.23
semi-automatic machine
machine which needs to be initiated by the operator for each cycle; the work-piece may be manually loaded
and/or unloaded
3.2.24
cutting area
area where the tool(s) can be involved in the cutting process
3.2.25
non-cutting area
area where the tool(s) is(are) not involved in the cutting process
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains the correlation between hazards common to woodworking machines as defined in the
scope and the relevant clauses of this document. The extent to which all the significant hazards are covered is
indicated in the relevant parts XX of this document.
These hazards are listed in Table 1.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards (1 of 3)
Relevant
Examples of hazards
EN ISO 12100:2010
clause of
Type or
No.
Potential
group this
a
Origin
b
consequences document
1 Mechanical 6.2.2.1, 6.2.2.2, 6.2.10, 5.2.1
 Acceleration, deceleration  Being thrown
6.3, 6.3.5.4
hazards
(kinetic energy) 5.3.1
 Crushing
5.3.2
 Angular parts
 Cutting or
5.3.3
 Approach of a moving element severing
to a fixed part 5.3.4
 Drawing-in or
5.3.5
 Cutting parts trapping
5.3.6
 Elastic elements  Entanglement
5.3.7
 Falling objects  Friction or
5.3.8
abrasion
 Gravity (stored energy)
5.3.9
 Impact
 Height from the ground
5.3.10
 Injection
 High pressure
5.4.8
 Shearing
 Machinery mobility
5.4.12
 Stabbing or
 Moving elements
puncture
 Rotating elements
 Rough, slippery surface
 Sharp edges
 Stability
 Vacuum
6.2.9, 6.3.5.4
2 Electrical 5.4.4
 Arc  Burn
hazards
5.4.11
 Electromagnetic phenomena  Chemical
effects 5.4.12
 Electrostatic phenomena
 Effects on
 Live parts
medical
 Not enough distance to live
implants
parts under high voltage
 Electrocution
 Overload
 Falling, being
 Parts which have become live
thrown
under fault conditions
 Fire
 Short-circuit
 Projection of
 Thermal radiation
molten particles
 Shock
5.4.1, 5.4.3
3 Thermal
 Explosion  Burn
hazards
 Flame  Dehydration
 Objects or materials with a high  Discomfort
or low temperature
 Injuries by the
 Radiation from heat sources radiation of
heat sources
 Scald
Table 1 (2 of 3)
Relevant
Examples of hazards
EN ISO 12100:2010
Type or clause of
No.
Potential
this
group
a
Origin
b
consequences document
6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.4.2
4 Noise  Exhausting system  Discomfort
hazards
 Gas leaking at high speed  Loss of balance
 Manufacturing process  Permanent
(stamping, cutting, etc.) hearing loss
 Moving parts  Stress
 Scraping surfaces  Tinnitus
 Unbalanced rotating parts  Tiredness
 Whistling pneumatics  Any other (e.g.
mechanical,
 Worn parts
electrical) as a
consequence
of an inter-
ference with
speech
communication
or with acoustic
signals
5 Vibration
 Misalignment of moving parts  Discomfort
hazards
 Mobile equipment  Vascular
disorder
 Scraping surfaces
 Unbalanced rotating parts
 Vibrating equipment
 Worn parts
6 Radiation 5.4.10
 Ionising radiation source  Burn
hazards
 Low frequency electromagnetic  Damage to
radiation eyes
and skin
 Optical radiation (infrared,
visible and ultraviolet), including  Effects on
laser reproductive
capability
 Radio frequency
electromagnetic radiation  Genetic
mutation
 Headache,
insomnia, etc.
6.2.3, 6.2.4 5.4.3
7 Material/
 Aerosol  Breathing
substance
difficulties,
5.4.8
 Biological and microbiological
hazards
suffocation
(viral or bacterial) agent
 Cancer
 Dust
 Corrosion
 Fibre
 Effects on
 Flammable
reproductive
 Fluid
capability
 Fume
 Fire
 Oxidiser
 Infection
 Mutation
 Poisoning
 Sensitisation
Table 1 (3 of 3)
Relevant
Examples of hazards
EN ISO 12100:2010
clause of
Type or
No.
Potential
group this
a
Origin
b
consequences document
8 Ergo- 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.11.8,
5.2.2
• Access • Discomfort
nomic 6.2.11.12, 6.3.5.5,
5.4.5
• Design or location of indicators • Fatigue
hazards 6.3.5.6
and visual displays units
5.4.6
• Musculoskeleta
• Design, location or identification l disorder
5.4.13
of control devices
• Stress 6.3
• Effort
• Any other (e.g.
• Flicker, dazzling, shadow, mechanical,
stroboscopic effect
electrical) as a
consequence
• Local lighting
of human error
• Mental overload/underload
• Posture
• Repetitive activity
• Visibility
9 Hazards 6.2.11, 6.2.11.4, 6.2.11.7, 5.4.9
 Dust  Burn
6.2.11.11, 6.2.11.8,
associated
 Electromagnetic disturbance  Slight disease
with 6.2.11.10, 6.3.5.2, 6.3.5.4,
 Lightning  Slipping, falling
6.4
environ-
ment in
 Moisture  Suffocation
which the
 Pollution  Any other as a
machine is
consequence
 Temperature
used
of the effect
 Water
caused by the
 Wind sources of the
hazards on the
machine or
parts of the
machine
a
One origin of hazards can have several potential consequences.
b
For each type or group of hazard, some potential consequences can be related with several origins of hazards.

5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Machines shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5.
In addition, machines should be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for hazards
relevant but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges of the machine
frame).
For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.2, and for safeguarding
measures, see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.3.
5.2 Controls
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems
5.2.1.1 General
For the implementation of any safety function, either realised in electric, pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanic
technology, the appropriate requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 shall apply. Safety related parts of the
control system (SRP/CS) of machines dealt with in this document include those concerning the safety
functions listed in Table 2.
Wherever in this document PL is mentioned the requirements for PL refer to
EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
5.2.1.2 Performance level required
The required PL for the specific safety functions are listed in Table 2.
For machines where no specific part XX of this document exists and where the risk assessment results in a
higher required PL than stated in Table 2 the higher one applies.
Table 2 — Safety functions and Performance Level (PL) required
Performance Clause of Clause of this
Nr. Safety function/devices
level (PL) EN ISO document
required 13849-1:2008
starting, restarting, prevention of unexpected start- 5.2.1.10
1 c 5.2.3
up 5.2.1.16
stop function (normal stopping, operational stop,
2 c 5.2.1 5.2.1.11
emergency stop)
5.2.1.9.5
safety-related stop function initiated by protective
3 c 5.2.1 5.2.1.9.6
devices or by interlocking of moveable guards
5.2.1.9.7
4 guard locking c 5.2.1.9.7
5.2.1.10
interlocking of functions, e.g. adjustment of spindle
5 b or c 5.2.1.12
with spindle rotation, feed drive with spindle rotation
5.3.4.2
6 mode selection c 5.2.1.13
7 selection of local control function c 5.2.4 5.2.1.18
8 hold-to-run function c 5.2.1.9.2
9 enabling device function c 5.2.1.9.3
10 braking function b or c 5.2.1.12
adjusting, changing of tool speed or speed of 4.6.4
11 b or c 5.2.1.14
machine parts 5.2.7
monitoring of parameterisation of safety-related
12 c 5.2.7 5.2.1.14
input values
closing function of powered clamping devices
13 c 5.2.1.15
(monitoring of closing speed, clamping force)
14 manual reset function c 5.2.2 5.2.1.17
15 two hand control c 5.2.1.9.4
In the parts XX of this document Table 2 may be supplemented by other safety functions.
The parts XX of this document may require a different PL depending on the risk assessment according to
EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
5.2.1.3 Design of the safety functions
The design of the safety functions shall be according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
For SRP/CS as part of a safety component or protective device for which a specific standard exists, all
requirements of the specific standard apply.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine.
5.2.1.4 Safety-related embedded software (SRESW)
SRESW of the SRP/CS embedded software shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 4.6.1 and
4.6.2.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine.
5.2.1.5 Safety-related application software (SRASW)
SRASW of the SRP/CS shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 4.6.1 and 4.6.3.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine.
5.2.1.6 Verification that achieved PL meets required PL
Verification that PL achieves at least the required PL shall be according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 4.7.
Verification: By checking the relevant documentation.
5.2.1.7 Validation
SRP/CS shall be validated according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Clause 8 (see also EN ISO 13849-2:2008).
Verification: By checking the relevant documentation.
5.2.1.8 Environmental conditions
The environmental conditions SRP/CS are exposed to, e.g. dust, fumes and/or gases, shall be taken into
account. The SRP/CS shall fulfil the environmental requirements of the specific standard, if available,
otherwise EN 50178:1997 applies, also for electromechanical components.
The SRP/CS shall fulfil the EMC requirements of the specific standard, if available, otherwise the
requirements of EN 50370-2:2003 apply.
See also
...