EN 15267-4:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2017
Kakovost zraka - Certificiranje avtomatskih merilnih sistemov (AMS) - 4. del: Merila
za delovanje in postopki preskušanja prenosnih avtomatskih merilnih sistemov (P-
AMS) za periodične meritve emisij nepremičnih virov
Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 4: Performance criteria
and test procedures for automated measuring systems for periodic measurements of
emissions from stationary sources
Luftbeschaffenheit - Zertifizierung von automatischen Messeinrichtungen - Teil 4:
Mindestanforderungen und Prüfprozeduren für automatische Messeinrichtungen für
wiederkehrende Messungen von Emissionen aus stationären Quellen
Qualité de l'air - Certification des systèmes de mesurage automatisés - Partie 4 :
Spécifications de performance et procédures d'essai pour systèmes de mesurage
automatisés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15267-4:2017
ICS:
03.120.20 Certificiranje proizvodov in Product and company
podjetij. Ugotavljanje certification. Conformity
skladnosti assessment
13.040.40 Emisije nepremičnih virov Stationary source emissions
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 15267-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.99
English Version
Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems
- Part 4: Performance criteria and test procedures for
automated measuring systems for periodic measurements
of emissions from stationary sources
Qualité de l'air - Certification des systèmes de Luftbeschaffenheit - Zertifizierung von automatischen
mesurage automatisés - Partie 4 : Spécifications de Messeinrichtungen - Teil 4: Mindestanforderungen und
performance et modes opératoires d'essai des Prüfprozeduren für automatische Messeinrichtungen
systèmes de mesurage automatisés pour le mesurage für wiederkehrende Messungen von Emissionen aus
périodique des émissions de sources fixes stationären Quellen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 September 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15267-4:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 5
0 Introduction . 6
0.1 General . 6
0.2 Legal drivers . 6
0.3 Periodic measurements . 6
0.4 Relationship to EN 14181 . 6
0.5 Processes . 7
0.6 Performance characteristics . 7
0.7 Relationship to EN 15267-3 . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 15
4.1 Symbols . 15
4.2 Abbreviations . 17
5 General requirements . 17
5.1 Application of performance criteria . 17
5.2 Ranges to be tested . 17
5.2.1 Certification range . 17
5.2.2 Supplementary ranges . 18
5.2.3 Lower limit of ranges . 18
5.2.4 Expression of performance criteria with respect to ranges . 18
5.2.5 Ranges of optical insitu P-AMS with variable optical length . 18
5.3 Performance testing of P-AMS based on certified AMS previously tested according to
EN 15267-3 . 18
5.4 Equivalence with the SRM . 18
5.5 Manufacturing consistency and changes to P-AMS design . 19
5.6 Qualifications of test laboratories . 19
6 Performance criteria common to all P-AMS for laboratory testing . 19
6.1 P-AMS for testing . 19
6.2 CE labelling . 19
6.3 Output ranges and zero-point . 19
6.4 Display of operational status signals . 20
6.5 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 20
6.6 Response time . 20
6.7 Repeatability standard deviation at zero point . 20
6.8 Repeatability standard deviation at span point . 20
6.9 Lack of fit . 20
6.10 Short-term zero and span drift . 20
6.11 Set-up time after transport and influence of ambient temperature . 20
6.12 Influence of voltage variations . 21
6.13 Influence of vibration . 21
6.14 Influence of sample gas flow for extractive P-AMS . 21
6.15 Influence of sample gas pressure. 21
6.16 Cross-sensitivity . 21
6.17 Converter efficiency for P-AMS measuring NO . 21
x
6.18 Response factors for TOC measuring P-AMS. 21
6.19 Influences on P-AMS with in-stack sampling chamber . 22
6.20 Influences related to storage and transportation . 22
7 Performance criteria common to all P-AMS for field testing . 22
7.1 Response time . 22
7.2 Short-term zero and span drift . 23
7.3 Reproducibility . 23
8 Performance criteria specific to measured components . 23
8.1 General . 23
8.2 Gas monitoring P-AMS . 23
8.2.1 Performance criteria . 23
8.2.2 P-AMS for total organic carbon . 25
8.3 Particulate matter monitoring P-AMS . 26
9 General test requirements . 27
10 Test procedures for laboratory tests . 28
10.1 P-AMS for testing . 28
10.2 CE labelling . 28
10.3 Output ranges and zero point . 28
10.4 Display of operational status signals . 29
10.5 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 29
10.6 Response time . 29
10.7 Repeatability standard deviation at zero point . 31
10.8 Repeatability standard deviation at span point . 31
10.9 Lack of fit . 32
10.10 Short-term zero and span drift . 33
10.11 Set-up time after transportation and influence of ambient temperature . 33
10.12 Influence of voltage variations . 34
10.13 Influence of vibration . 35
10.14 Influence of sample gas pressure. 36
10.15 Influence of the sample gas flow for extractive P-AMS . 36
10.16 Cross-sensitivity . 37
10.17 Converter efficiency for P-AMS measuring NOx . 38
10.18 Response factors . 39
10.19 Influences on P-AMS with in-stack sampling chamber . 40
10.20 Influences related to storage and transportation . 40
11 Requirements for the field test . 41
12 Test procedures common to all P-AMS for field tests . 41
12.1 Response time . 41
12.2 Short-term zero and span drift . 41
12.3 Reproducibility . 42
13 Equivalence with the SRM . 43
14 Measurement uncertainty . 43
15 Test report . 43
Annex A (normative) Minimum requirements for a test bench . 44
Annex B (normative) Interferents . 45
Annex C (normative) Test of linearity . 46
C.1 Description of the test procedure . 46
C.2 Establishment of the regression line . 46
C.3 Calculation of the residuals of the average concentrations . 47
Annex D (normative) Determination of the total uncertainty . 48
D.1 Determination of uncertainty contributions . 48
D.2 Elements required for the uncertainty determinations . 48
D.3 Example of an uncertainty calculation for a CO measuring P-AMS . 50
D.4 Determination of uncertainty contributions by use of sensitivity coefficients . 52
Annex E (informative) Elements of performance testing report . 53
Annex F (informative) European standard reference methods . 56
Bibliography . 57

European foreword
This document (EN 15267-4:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document is Part 4 of a series of European Standards:
— EN 15267-1, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 1: General
principles
— EN 15267-2, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 2: Initial assessment
of the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system and post certification surveillance for the
manufacturing process
— EN 15267-3, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 3: Performance
criteria and test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from
stationary sources
— EN 15267-4, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 4: Performance
criteria and test procedures for automated measuring systems for periodic measurements of emissions
from stationary sources
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
0 Introduction
0.1 General
CEN has established standards for the certification of automated measuring systems (AMS) used for
monitoring emissions from stationary sources and ambient air quality. This product certification is
based on the following four sequential stages:
a) performance testing of the AMS;
b) initial assessment of the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system;
c) certification of the AMS;
d) post certification surveillance.
This European Standard specifies the performance criteria and test procedures for performance testing
of portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) used for periodic measurements of stationary
source emissions. Testing applies to complete measuring systems.
NOTE 1 Portable electrical apparatus designed to measure combustion flue gas parameters of heating
appliances are specified in EN 50379–1 to EN 50379–3.
The application of P-AMS for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions is based on
— specification of the standard reference method (SRM) and validation of the SRM;
— specification of the alternative method (AM) if the P-AMS is based on an AM;
— certification of the P-AMS in accordance with EN 15267-1, EN 15267-2 and EN 15267-4 including
demonstration of equivalence with the SRM in the field if the P-AMS is based on an AM;
— on-going quality management by the user of the P-AMS in line with EN ISO/IEC 17025.
NOTE 2 Examples for standard reference methods for different measured components are listed in Annex F.
The overall assessment for the purposes of certification is conformity testing, while the evaluation of
performance against specified performance criteria is performance testing.
0.2 Legal drivers
This European Standard supports the requirements of the following EU Directives:
— Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control)
— Directive 2003/87/EC on processes emitting greenhouse gases.
However, this European Standard can also be applied to the monitoring requirements specified in other
EU Directives.
0.3 Periodic measurements
Certified P-AMS can be used as SRM or AM for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions.
0.4 Relationship to EN 14181
Certified P-AMS can be used as SRM or AM for the calibration and validation of stationary AMS for QAL2
and AST purposes.
0.5 Processes
Field testing of P-AMS is ordinarily carried out on industrial processes representative of the range of
application of the SRM or AM. The premise is that if the P-AMS performs acceptably on these processes,
then experience has shown that the P-AMS generally performs well on the majority of other processes.
However, there are always exceptions and it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the P-AMS
performs adequately on a specific process.
The necessary field test of P-AMS is specified in this European Standard.
0.6 Performance characteristics
A combination of laboratory and field tests is detailed within this European Standard. Laboratory
testing is designed to assess whether a P-AMS can meet, under controlled conditions, the relevant
performance criteria. Field testing, is designed to assess whether a P-AMS can continue to work and
meet the relevant performance criteria in real applications including transportation to the
measurement site, set-up of the P-AMS and measurement.
The main P-AMS performance characteristics are:
— response time;
— repeatability standard deviation;
— lack of fit (linearity);
— short-term drift;
— influence of ambient temperature;
— influence of voltage variations;
— influence of vibration;
— influence of sample gas pressure;
— influence of sample gas flow for extractive P-AMS;
— cross-sensitivity to likely interferents contained in the stack gas other than the measured
component;
— converter efficiency for NO P-AMS;
x
— response factors for P-AMS measuring TOC;
— reproducibility under field conditions;
— trueness and precision of the P-AMS against the SRM under field conditions if the P-AMS is based
on an AM.
Additional performance characteristics specific to the SRM or AM are included in the performance test.
The quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures to be applied by the user of the P-AMS
are also assessed in the performance test.
This European Standard is an application and elaboration of EN ISO 9169 with additional and
alternative provisions for the performance test of P-AMS. Where this European Standard appears to
differ from EN ISO 9169, it either elaborates upon the requirements of EN ISO 9169 or differs in minor
ways owing to the necessity to conduct the performance test of P-AMS.
0.7 Relationship to EN 15267-3
This European Standard is based on EN 15267-3, which specifies the performance testing of stationary
AMS for the continuous monitoring of emissions from stationary sources. Many requirements of this
European Standard are identical to those of EN 15267-3. This European Standard deviates from
EN 15267-3 only where the portable use and the use as SRM or AM require different or additional
requirements. Therefore, this European Standard allows a combined testing where an AMS is designed
for stationary and portable use. It also allows a reduced performance testing of P-AMS, which have been
already certified according to EN 15267-3 for stationary use.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the general performance criteria and test procedures for portable
automated measuring systems (P-AMS) used for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions.
It applies to the performance testing of P-AMS based on measurement techniques specified by the
standard reference method (SRM) or an alternative method (AM).
Performance testing is based on the general performance criteria and test procedures specified in this
European Standard and on the specific requirements specified for the SRM or AM. This includes testing
of the applicability and correct implementation of the QA/QC procedures specified for the SRM or AM.
This European Standard supports the requirements of particular EU Directives.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14793:2017, Stationary source emissions — Demonstration of equivalence of an alternative method
with a reference method
EN 15259:2007, Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Requirements for
measurement sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
EN 60068-2-6, Environmental testing - Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6)
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
EN ISO 14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with
a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
automated measuring system
AMS
entirety of all measuring instruments and additional devices for obtaining a result of measurement
Note 1 to entry: Apart from the actual measuring device (the analyser), an AMS includes facilities for taking
samples (e.g. probe, sample gas lines, flow meters and regulator, delivery pump) and for sample conditioning (e.g.
dust filter, pre-separator for interferents, cooler, converter). This definition also includes testing and adjusting
devices that are required for functional checks and, if applicable, for commissioning.
Note 2 to entry: The term “automated measuring system” (AMS) is typically used in Europe. The term
“continuous emission monitoring system” (CEMS) is also typically used in the UK and USA.
3.2
portable automated measuring system
P-AMS
automated measuring system which is in a condition or application to be moved from one to another
measurement site to obtain measurement results for a short measurement period
Note 1 to entry: The measurement period is typically 8 h for a day.
Note 2 to entry: The P-AMS can be configured at the measurement site for the special application but can be
also set-up in a van or mobile container. The probe and the sample gas lines are installed often just before the
measurement task is started.
3.3
reference method
RM
measurement method taken as a reference by convention, which gives, the accepted reference value of
the measurand
Note 1 to entry: A reference method is fully described.
Note 2 to entry: A reference method can be a manual or an automated method.
Note 3 to entry: Alternative methods can be used if equivalence to the reference method has been
demonstrated.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.4
standard reference method
SRM
reference method prescribed by European or national legislation
Note 1 to entry: Standard reference methods are used e.g. to calibrate and validate AMS and for periodic
measurements to check compliance with limit values.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.5
alternative method
AM
measurement method which complies with the criteria given by EN 14793:2017 with respect to the
reference method
Note 1 to entry: An alternative method can consist of a simplification of the reference method.
[SOURCE: Adapted from EN 14793:2017]
3.6
measurement method
method described in a written procedure containing all the means and procedures required to sample
and analyse, namely: field of application, principle and/or reactions, definitions, equipment,
procedures, presentation of results, other requirements and measurement report
[SOURCE: EN 14793:2017]
3.7
measurement
set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity
3.8
paired measurement
simultaneous recording of results of measurement at the same measurement point using two P-AMS of
identical design
3.9
measurand
particular quantity subject to measurement
Note 1 to entry: The measurand is a quantifiable property of the stack gas under test, for example mass
concentration of a measured component, temperature, velocity, mass flow, oxygen content and water vapour
content.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.10
measured component
constituent of the waste gas for which a defined measurand is to be determined by measurement
Note 1 to entry: Measured component is also called determinand.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.11
interferent
substance present in the stack gas under investigation, other than the measured component, that affects
the output
3.12
reference material
substance or mixture of substances, with a known concentration within specified limits, or a device of
known characteristics
3.13
zero gas
gas mixture used to establish the zero point of a calibration curve when used with a given analytical
procedure within a given calibration range
3.14
zero point
specified value of the output of the P-AMS which, in the absence of the measured component, represents
the zero crossing of the P-AMS characteristic
Note 1 to entry: In case of oxygen and some flow monitoring AMS, the zero point is interpreted as the lowest
measurable value.
3.15
span point
value of the output of the P-AMS for the purpose of calibrating, adjusting, etc. that represents a correct
measured value generated by reference material between 70 % and 90 % of the range tested
3.16
measured signal
output of the P-AMS in analogue or digital form which is converted into the measured value with the aid
of the analysis function of the analyzer
3.17
output
reading, or digital or analogue electrical signal, generated by the P-AMS in response to a measured
object
3.18
independent reading
reading that is not influenced by a previous individual reading by separating two individual readings by
at least four response times
3.19
individual reading
reading averaged over a time period equal to the response time of the P-AMS
3.20
averaging time
period of time over which an arithmetic or time-weighted average of concentrations is calculated
3.21
performance characteristic
quantity assigned to the P-AMS in order to define its performance
Note 1 to entry: The values of relevant performance characteristics are determined in the performance testing
and compared to the applicable performance criteria.
3.22
response time
t
duration between the instant when an input quantity value of a measuring instrument or measuring
system is subjected to an abrupt change between two specified constant quantity values and the instant
when a corresponding indication settles within specified limits around its final steady value
Note 1 to entry: The response time is also referred to as the 90 % time.
Note 2 to entry: The response time is by convention the time taken for the output signal to pass from 0 % to
90 % of the final variation of indication.
Note 3 to entry: Beside the different wording, this definition does not technically deviate from the definition of
response time in EN 15267–3.
3.23
lack of fit
systematic deviation, within the measurement range, between the accepted value of a reference
material applied to the measuring system and the corresponding result of measurement produced by
the calibrated measuring system
Note 1 to entry: In common language lack of fit is often called “linearity” or “deviation from linearity”. Lack of fit
test is often called “linearity test”.
3.24
converter efficiency
efficiency with which the converter unit of a NO analyser reduces NO to NO
x 2
3.25
interference
negative or positive effect that a substance has upon the output of the P-AMS, when that substance is
not the measured component
3.26
cross-sensitivity
response of the P-AMS to interferents
Note 1 to entry: See interference.
3.27
short-term zero drift
difference between two zero readings at the beginning and at the end of the measurement period
3.28
short-term span drift
difference between two span readings at the beginning and at the end of the measurement period
Note 1 to entry: The measurement period is typically 8 h for a day. Measurement periods of several days need a
drift control on each day.
3.29
repeatability
ability of the P-AMS to provide closely similar indications for repeated applications of the same
measurand under the same conditions of measurement
3.30
reproducibility
R
f
measure of the agreement between two identical measuring systems applied in parallel in field tests at
a level of confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the difference of the paired measurements
Note 1 to entry: Reproducibility is determined by means of two identical P-AMS operated side by side. It is an P-
AMS performance characteristic for describing the production tolerance specific to that P-AMS. The
reproducibility is calculated from the short-term averages of the output signals (raw values as analogue or digital
outputs) obtained during the field test.
Note 2 to entry: The term “field repeatability” is sometimes used instead of reproducibility.
3.31
uncertainty
parameter associated with the result of a measurement, that characterises the dispersion of the values
that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008]
3.32
standard uncertainty
uncertainty of the result of measurement expressed as a standard deviation
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008]
3.33
expanded uncertainty
quantity defining an interval about the result of a measurement that may be expected to encompass a
large fraction of the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008]
Note 1 to entry: The interval about the result of measurement is established for a level of confidence of typically
95 %.
3.34
test laboratory
laboratory accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17025 for carrying out performance tests
Note 1 to entry: CEN/TS 15675 provides an elaboration of EN ISO/IEC 17025 for application to emission
measurements, which should be followed when using standard reference methods.
3.35
field test
test at different industrial processes representative of the intended application of the P-AMS, where one
can be a suitable test bench which covers all relevant influences present in the field, including the
transportation from one site to another, setting-up the P-AMS at the measurement site and checking the
function and drift
3.36
certification range
range over which the P-AMS is tested and certified for compliance with the relevant performance
criteria
Note 1 to entry: Certification range is always related to the daily ELV.
3.37
emissions limit value
ELV
limit value given in regulations such as EU Directives, ordinances, administrative regulations, permits,
licences, authorisations or consents
Note 1 to entry: ELV can be stated as concentration limits expressed as half-hourly, hourly and daily averaged
values, or mass flow limits expressed as hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or annually aggregated values.
3.38
relevant body
competent authority or certification body, nominated by a competent authority or EU member state,
that carries out the certification of automated measuring systems
[SOURCE: EN 15267-1:2009]
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply.
4.1 Symbols
a average value of the P-AMS readings in the linearity test
A intercept of the regression function in the linearity test
b sensitivity coefficient of sample gas flow
f
b sensitivity coefficient of sample gas pressure
p
b sensitivity coefficient of ambient temperature
t
bv sensitivity coefficient of supply voltage
B slope of the regression function in the linearity test
c concentration; value of the reference material
c carbon mass concentration of substance i at 273 K and 1 013 hPa; individual reference
i
material value
c carbon mass concentration of propane at 273 K and 1 013 hPa
ref
c concentration of NO with ozone generator switched-off
NO,0
c concentration of NO with ozone generator at setting i (i = 1 to n)
NO,i
c concentration of total NO with ozone generator switched-off
NOx,0 x
c concentration of total NO with ozone generator at setting i (i = 1 to n)
NOx,i x
c average of c values
d residual
c
d relative residual
c,rel
E converter efficiency at setting i of the ozone generator (i = 1 to n)
i
f carbon-related response factor for substance i
i
m number of repetitions at reference material level c
c
n number of measurements; number of parallel measurements
p lower sample gas pressure
p higher sample gas pressure
r nominal flow rate
r lowest flow rate specified by the manufacturer
R reproducibility under field conditions
f
s standard deviation from paired measurements
D
s repeatability standard deviation of the measurement
r
t two-sided Students t-factor at a confidence level of 95 % with a number of degrees of
n–1; 0,95
freedom n – 1
td relative difference between the response times determined in rise and fall mode
t response time determined in rise mode (average of four measurements)
r
t response time determined in fall mode (average of four measurements)
f
T ith temperature
i
u combined standard uncertainty
c
u uncertainty contribution caused by converter efficiency for P-AMS measuring NO
ce x
u uncertainty contribution caused by short-term span drift from field test
d,s
u uncertainty contribution caused by short-term zero drift from field test
d,z
u uncertainty contribution caused by standard deviation from paired measurements under
D
field conditions
u uncertainty contribution caused by influence of sample gas flow
f
u uncertainty contribution caused by cross-sensitivity (interference)
i
u uncertainty contribution to the total uncertainty of the measured values caused by a variation
i
of influence quantity X
i
u uncertainty contribution caused by lack of fit
lof
u uncertainty contribution caused by excursion of measurement beam
mb
u uncertainty contribution caused by influence of sample gas pressure
p
u uncertainty contribution caused by repeatability standard deviation at span
r
u uncertainty contribution caused by reference material provided by the manufacturer
rm
u uncertainty contribution caused by influence of ambient temperature
t
u uncertainty contribution caused by influence of supply voltage
v
U minimum voltage specified by the manufacturer
U maximum voltage specified by the manufacturer
U expanded uncertainty at a level of confidence of 95 %
0,95
x measured signal
x ith measured signal; average of the measured signals for substance i
i
x minimum value of the average reading influenced by performance characteristic i during the
i,min
performance test
x maximum value of the average reading influenced by performance characteristic i during the
i,max
performance test
x value of the average reading with the influence quantity at its nominal value during the
i,adj
performance test
x ith measured signal of the first measuring system
1,i
x ith measured signal of the second measuring system
2,i
x individual P-AMS reading at reference material level c
c,i
x average of the measured signals for propane
ref
x upper limit of the certification range
u
x average of measured signals xi

average P-AMS reading at reference material level c
x
c
X ith influence quantity
i
4.2 Abbreviations
AM alternative method
AMS automated measuring system
AST annual surveillance test
ELV emission limit value
P-AMS portable automated measuring system
QA/QC quality assurance and quality control
QAL quality assurance level
QAL1 first quality assurance level
QAL2 second quality assurance level
QAL3 third quality assurance level
RM reference method
SRM standard reference method
TOC total organic carbon
5 General requirements
5.1 Application of performance criteria
The test laboratory shall test two identical portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS). The
operating manual shall also be part of the P-A
...