EN 13493:2005

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien und Zwischenlagern für feste Abfallstoffe erforderlich sindGéomembranes, géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des ouvrages de stockage et d'enfouissement de déchets solidesGeosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites59.080.70GeotekstilijeGeotextiles13.030.40Naprave in oprema za odstranjevanje in obdelavo odpadkovInstallations and equipment for waste disposal and treatmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13493:2005SIST EN 13493:2005en01-julij-2005SIST EN 13493:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13493May 2005ICS 91.100.50; 59.080.70English versionGeosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in theconstruction of solid waste storage and disposal sitesGéomembranes - Géosynthétiques bentonitiques -Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans laconstruction des ouvrages de stockage et d'enfouissementde déchets solidesGeosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die fürdie Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien undZwischenlagern für feste Abfallstoffe erforderlich sindThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 March 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13493:2005: ESIST EN 13493:2005

Scheme of factory production control.16 Annex B (normative)
Durability of geosynthetic barriers.18 Annex C (informative)
Clay geosynthetic barriers - Determination of permeability to gases.24 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.30 Bibliography.37
Geosynthetic Barrier Test methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
Physical properties
1 Thickness A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN ISO 9863-1
2 Mass per unit area A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN 14196
Hydraulic properties
3 Water permeability (liquid tightness)
H H H prEN 14150:2001 prEN 14150:2001 ASTM D 5887
4 Gas permeability (gas tightness) H H S ASTM D 1434
ASTM D 1434
Annex C of this standard see 4.3.2. 5 Swell Index - - A - - ASTM D 5890
Mechanical properties
6 Tensile strength
H H H EN ISO 527-1 and -3 or -4 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 For GBR-P use EN ISO 527 Parts 1 and 3, test specimen type 5 at a speed of 100 mm/min. For reinforced GBR-P use EN ISO 527 Parts 1 and 4, specimen type 2, width 50 mm, at a speed of 5 mm per minute. Report in all cases the maximum strength measured according to the test method. 7 Elongation A A A EN ISO 527 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 For GBR-P use EN ISO 527 Part 1 and 3, test specimen type 5 at a speed of 100 mm/min. For reinforced GBR-P use EN ISO 527 Parts 1 and 4, specimen type 2, width 50 mm, at a speed of 5 mm per minute. Elongation at maximum strength shall in all cases be calculated as defined in EN ISO 527-1:1993, 10.2, using grip separation measurement. 8 Static puncture H H H EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236
9 Bursting strength S S S prEN 14151:2001 prEN 14151:2001 prEN 14151:2001 This test apply to GBR-C only if they contain a polymeric or bituminous barrier element. SIST EN 13493:2005

Geosynthetic Barrier Test methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
10 Tear strength S S - ISO 34 EN 12310-1 - For GBR-P use method B, angle specimen (see Figure 2) without nick at a speed of 50 mm/min.
11 Friction direct shear S S S EN ISO 12957-1:2004 EN ISO 12957-1:2004 EN ISO 12957-1:2004 For determining the bonding strength of GBRs an internal shear or peel bond test may be applicable.
12 Friction inclined plane S S S EN ISO 12957-2:2004 EN ISO 12957-2:2004 EN ISO 12957-2:2004
Thermal properties
13 Low temp behaviour (flexure) S S - EN 495-5 EN 1109 -
14 Thermal expansion A A - ASTM D 696 - -
Durability and chemical resistance
15 Weathering H H S EN 12224 EN 12224 EN 12224 GBR-C: see 4.3.7 16 Micro organisms A A A EN 12225 EN 12225 EN 12225
17 Oxidation H H H EN 14575 EN 14575 EN ISO 13438:2004 For the geotextile elements and reinforcement yarns of GBR-C barriers EN ISO 13438 is applicable. 18 Environmental stress cracking H - S ASTM D 5397 (appendix) - ASTM D 5397 (appendix) GBR-C: Only applicable to polymeric membrane element of the GBR-C 19 Leaching (water soluble) A A A EN 14415
EN 14415 EN 14415
20 Chemical resistance A A A EN 14414 EN 14414 EN 14414
21 Wetting/drying - - S - - prCEN/TS 14417:2002
22 Freezing / thaw - - S - - prCEN/TS 14418:2002
23 Root penetration S S S prCEN/TS 14416:2002 prCEN/TS 14416:2002 prCEN/TS 14416:2002
Relevancy:
H : required for harmonisation;
A : relevant to all conditions of use; S : relevant to specific conditions of use;
-: not relevant SIST EN 13493:2005

Resistance to wetting and drying Data on the resistance of GBR-C to repeated wetting and drying is required when the conditions of use will subject the product to this sequence of actions. 4.3.9 Freeze-thaw cycle resistance Data on the resistance of GBR-C to freeze/thaw is required when the conditions of use will subject the product to this sequence of actions. 4.3.10 Resistance to root penetration Data on root penetration is required in all applications where the geosynthetic barrier is exposed to soils containing restorative vegetation. 5 Evaluation of conformity 5.1 Presentation of characteristics The characteristics specified in Table 2, except for durability, expressed as mean values and tolerance limit(s) corresponding to the 95 % confidence level, shall be given by the manufacturer, based on the statistical interpretation of his internal quality control measurements. Physical examination or preliminary testing, according to one of the test methods referenced in Table 1, may indicate that values obtained for a product lie below (or above) the sensitivity threshold established for that test method. In these particular circumstances the manufacturer may declare a value as being less (or greater) than this sensitivity threshold value. Information about durability shall be expressed in accordance with the guidelines of Annex B. 5.2 Verification of values The marking and labelling of the rolls and of the products shall be checked. The marking of the products shall be according to EN ISO 10320. NOTE The method described in this clause is not compulsory for an on-site control procedure. The compliance of characteristics with the values defined in 5.1 shall be based on measurements made on two representative samples (A and B), taken from two different rolls. Sampling shall be made in accordance with EN ISO 9862. The characteristics given in Table 2 shall be measured in accordance with the corresponding European Standards on specimens prepared from sample A. If the test result(s) for a particular characteristic is (are) within the tolerance limit(s) given by the manufacturer, the product is accepted as complying with respect to this characteristic. SIST EN 13493:2005

The results of initial type tests shall be recorded and be available for inspection. The sample for the type tests shall be drawn according to EN ISO 9862 from a normal production run using the materials and forming processes to be used for the full production process. The size of the sample shall be big enough to allow the determination of the characteristics specified in Table 2. Handmade samples, short trial batches and other development prototypes may be tested by the same methods, but shall not be used for establishing characteristic values in type tests. 5.4 Factory production control A factory production control scheme shall be established and documented in a manual prior to a product type being placed on the market. Subsequently, any fundamental changes in raw materials and additives, manufacturing procedures or the control scheme that affects the properties or use of a product shall be recorded in the manual. The manual shall include the factory production control procedures relevant to the declared properties, as confirmed by the initial type tests. The factory production control procedures shall consist of a system for the permanent internal control of the production of the products to ensure that such products comply with this European Standard and that the measured values conform with the declared values. SIST EN 13493:2005

Marking The manufacturer shall clearly and indelibly mark the geosynthetic barrier with the information specified in
EN ISO 10320. NOTE For CE Marking see ZA.3 in Annex ZA. SIST EN 13493:2005

Scheme of factory production control A.1 General The items to be addressed in the factory production control manual relating to the system of control determined from 5.4 are given below. A.2 Product design A.2.1 The manufacturer shall describe how design requirements and criteria are identified, checked, controlled and updated to be unambiguous and relevant to the use of the product and its specification. A.2.2 The manufacturer shall describe the communication of the design to the internal production departments or external sub-contractors. A.3 Production A.3.1 Raw or incoming materials: the manufacturer shall define the acceptance criteria of incoming materials and the procedures that he operates to ensure that these are met. A.3.2 Production process: the relevant features of the plant and production process shall be defined giving the frequency of the inspections, checks and tests, together with the values or criteria required, both on equipment and on work in the process. The action to be taken when control values or criteria are not obtained, shall be recorded. These records shall be available for inspection by relevant parties. A.4 Finished products A.4.1 Tests on the finished product: the size of the samples and the frequency of sampling, together with the results obtained, shall be recorded. These records shall be available for inspection by relevant parties. A.4.2 Alternative tests: where alternative tests to the reference tests are used, details of the alternative tests and procedures together with their correlation with the reference tests shall be recorded and shall be made available upon request from a relevant party. A.5 Equipment Equipment: test equipment having a bearing on test results shall be calibrated to traceable national or International Standards. The manufacturer shall have or have available the installations, equipment and personnel which enable him to carry out the necessary verifications and tests. He may meet this requirement by concluding a subcontracting agreement with one or more organisations or persons having the necessary skills and equipment. The manufacturer shall calibrate or verify and maintain the control, measuring or test equipment in good operating condition, whether or not it belongs to him, with a view to demonstrating conformity of the product SIST EN 13493:2005

Durability of geosynthetic barriers B.1 Introduction This annex provides information on the evaluation criteria and levels of acceptability to be used in the interpretation and use of the results of durability testing which shall be carried out in accordance with the following standards (and with the test methods defined in Table 1 thereof): — EN 13361, Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of reservoirs and dams. — EN 13362, Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of canals. — EN 13491, Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of tunnels and underground structures. — EN 13492, Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment — EN 13493, Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites. NOTE This annex is based primarily on the current industry practice applicable to polymeric geosynthetic barriers but addendum notes are provided where appropriate to the evaluation requirements for the testing of bituminous and clay geosynthetic barriers. The durability of a geosynthetic barrier depends on its ability to resist the various mechanisms that cause degradation, i.e. reduction of mechanical properties, of its component materials. This annex does not cover evaluation by change in permeability. These mechanisms may be summarized as the following: a) oxidative attack accelerated by elevated temperature, exposure to UV light, or repetitive mechanical stress; b) solvation, i.e. change in physical properties due to absorption of liquid chemicals; c) environmental stress cracking, i.e. the mechanical failure of the geosynthetic barrier at stresses less than its yield strength in the presence of certain chemical species; d) microbiological attack which includes the action of bacteria and fungi, and penetration by plant roots; e) leaching of the soluble components of the geosynthetic barrier, thereby directly or indirectly affecting its mechanical properties or its resistance to other forms of degradation; f) ionic exchange and degradation of additives. The relevant test methods referred to in this annex are the following: — resistance to weathering (EN 12224); — microbiological resistance (EN 12225); SIST EN 13493:2005
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