EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2010
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Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Part 2: Hydraulic lifts
Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzügen - Teil 2: Hydraulisch
betriebene Personen- und Lastenaufzüge
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des ascenseurs - Partie 2:
Ascenseurs hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009
ICS:
91.140.90 'YLJDOD7HNRþHVWRSQLFH Lifts. Escalators
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 81-2:1998+A3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2009
ICS 91.140.90 Supersedes EN 81-2:1998
English Version
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Part 2:
Hydraulic lifts
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von
ascenseurs - Partie 2: Ascenseurs hydrauliques Aufzügen - Teil 2: Hydraulisch betriebene Personen- und
Lastenaufzüge
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 February 1998 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 22 September 1999,
Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 13 May 2005, Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 22 April 2004 and Amendment 3 approved by CEN
on 13 August 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 12
3 Definitions . 14
4 Units and symbols . 18
4.1 Units . 18
4.2 Symbols . 18
5 Lift well . 18
5.1 General provisions . 18
5.2 Well enclosure . 18
5.3 Walls, floor and ceiling of the well . 22
5.4 Construction of the walls of lift wells and landing doors facing a car entrance . 24
5.5 Protection of any spaces located below the car or the balancing weight . 25
5.6 Protection in the well . 25
5.7 Headroom and pit . 25
5.8 Exclusive use of the lift well . 27
5.9 Lighting of the well . 28
5.10 Emergency release . 28
6 Machinery and pulley spaces . 28
6.2 Access . 28
6.3 Machinery in machine room . 29
6.4 Machinery inside the well . 31
6.5 Machinery outside of the well . 35
6.6 Devices for emergency and test operations . 36
6.7 Construction and equipment of pulley spaces. 37
7 Landing doors . 38
7.1 General provisions . 38
7.2 Strength of doors and their frames . 39
7.3 Height and width of entrances . 40
7.4 Sills, guides, door suspension . 40
7.5 Protection in relation to door operation . 41
7.6 Local lighting and «car here» signal lights . 42
7.7 Locking and closed landing door check . 43
7.8 Closing of automatically operated doors . 46
8 Car and balancing weight . 46
8.1 Height of car . 46
8.2 Available car area, rated load, number of passengers . 46
8.3 Walls, floor and roof of the car . 49
8.4 Apron . 50
8.5 Car entrance . 50
8.6 Car doors . 50
8.7 Protection during operation of doors . 52
8.8 Reversal of closing movement . 53
8.9 Electrical device for proving the car doors closed . 53
8.10 Sliding doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels . 53
8.11 Opening the car door . 54
8.12 Emergency trap doors and emergency doors . 54
8.13 Car roof . 55
8.14 Car header . 56
8.15 Equipment on top of the car . 56
8.16 Ventilation . 56
8.17 Lighting . 56
8.18 Balancing weight . 57
9 %%%%Suspension, precaution against free fall, descent with excessive speed and protection
against unintended car movement&&&& . 57
9.1 Suspension . 57
9.2 Pulley and rope diameter ratios, rope/chain terminations . 57
9.3 Distribution of load between the ropes or the chains . 58
9.4 Protection for pulleys and sprockets . 58
9.5 Precautions against free fall, descent with excessive speed and creeping of the car . 59
9.6 Precautions against free fall of the balancing weight . 62
9.7 (Kept free) . 62
9.8 Safety gear . 62
9.9 Clamping device . 64
9.10 Tripping means for safety gears and clamping devices . 65
9.11 Pawl device . 68
9.12 Electrical anti-creep system . 69
9.13 Protection against unintended car movement . 70
10 Guide rails, buffers and final limit switch . 72
10.1 General provisions concerning guide rails . 72
10.2 Guiding of the car and balancing weight . 74
10.3 Car buffers . 74
10.4 Stroke of car buffers . 75
10.5 Final limit switch . 77
11 ˜˜˜˜Clearances between car and wall facing the car entrance, and between car and
balancing weight™™™™ . 78
11.1 General provision . 78
11.2 Clearances between car and wall facing the car entrance. 78
11.3 ˜˜˜˜Clearances between car and balancing weight™™™™ . 79
12 Lift machine . 79
12.1 General provisions . 79
12.2 Jack . 80
12.3 Piping . 83
12.4 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped condition . 84
12.5 Hydraulic control and safety devices . 84
12.6 Checking the pressure . 87
12.7 Tank . 88
12.8 Speed . 88
12.9 Emergency operation . 88
12.10 Protection of the pulley(s) or sprocket(s) on the jack . 89
12.11 Protection of machinery . 89
12.12 Motor run time limiter. 89
12.13 Slack rope (or chain) safety device for indirect acting lifts . 90
12.14 Protection against overheating of the hydraulic fluid . 90
12.15 Normal stopping of the car at landings and levelling accuracy . 90
13 Electric installations and appliances . 90
13.1 General provisions . 90
13.2 Contactors, relay-contactors, components of safety circuits . 91
13.3 Protection of motors and other electrical equipment . 92
13.4 Main switches . 93
13.5 Electric wiring . 94
13.6 Lighting and socket outlets . 95
14 Protection against electric faults ; controls ; priorities . 96
14.1 Failure analysis and electric safety devices . 96
14.2 Controls . 108
15 Notices, markings and operating instructions . 112
15.1 General provisions . 112
15.2 Car . 112
15.3 Car roof . 113
15.4 ##Machine and pulley spaces$$ . 113
## $$
15.5 Well . 114
15.6 Overspeed governor . 114
15.7 Pit . 115
15.8 Buffers . 115
15.9 Landing identification . 115
15.10 Electrical identification . 115
15.11 Unlocking key for landing doors . 115
15.12 Alarm device . 115
15.13 Locking devices . 115
15.14 Safety gear. 115
15.15 Emergency lowering valve . 116
15.16 Hand pump . 116
15.17 Groups of lifts . 116
15.18 Tank . 116
15.19 Rupture valve/one-way restrictor . 116
16 Examinations - Tests - Register – Maintenance . 116
16.1 Examinations and tests . 116
16.2 Register . 117
16.3 Installer information . 118
Annex A (normative) List of the electric safety devices . 119
Annex B(normative) Unlocking triangle . 121
Annex C (informative) Technical dossier . 122
Annex D (normative) Examinations and tests before putting into service . 125
Annex E (informative) Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an
important modification or after an accident. . 131
Annex F (normative) Safety components - Tests procedures for verification of conformity . 133
Annex G (Informative) Proof of guide rails . 165
Annex H (normative) Electronic components - Failure exclusion . 198
Annex J (normative) Pendulum shock tests . 206
Annex K (normative) Calculations of rams, cylinders, rigid pipes and fittings . 212
Annex L (informative) !!!!Description of possible measures"""" . 220
Annex M (informative) ####Machinery spaces - Access (6.1)$$$$ . 226
Annex ZA (informative) %%%%Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 95/16/EC amended by 2006/42/EC&&. . 227
&&
Foreword
This document (EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 "Lifts,
escalators and moving walks", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This European Standard was approved by CEN on21 February 1998 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by
CEN on 22 September 1999, Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 13 May 2005, Amendment 2 approved by
CEN on 22 April 2004 and Amendment 3 approved by CEN on 13 August 2009.
This European Standard supersedes %EN 81-2:1998&.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags
! ", # $ and % &.
The modifications of the related CEN Corrigendum have been implemented at the appropriate places in the
text and are indicated by the tags ˜ ™.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard.
This is the second edition of the standard. It is an amendment of the edition 1987 and shall be given the status
of a harmonised standard. The amendment is mainly based on the following points :
- elimination of national deviations ;

- incorporation of essential health and safety requirements from the relevant EU Directives ;

- elimination of obvious errors ;

- incorporation of proposals resulting from interpretation requests dealing with the improvement relative to
the progress in technology ;
- improvement of the references to other standards according to the progress in that field.

After the CEN Enquiry on prEN81-2:1994 the EU Directive on Lifts (95/16/EC) was adopted. The requirements
resulting from the essential health and safety requirements of this Directive being not taken into consideration
in the draft have been summarised in the Addendum prA1:1996 to prEN81-2:1994 and submitted to the
members of CEN/TC 10 for approval. Having received the approval this Addendum has been incorporated
into this standard taking into account the comments received from TC members.
This standard does not correspond in all points to the present internal rules of CEN regarding the format of
safety standards. However, the format of this standard has been accepted by the interested parties and is
therefore regarded as the better way of implementation of the essential health and safety requirements than a
formalistic re-draft. This mainly because of the coming into force of the EU Directive 95/16/EC on 97-07-01.
With the next revision of the standard, being already intended, this shortcomings will be removed.
%Amendment 3 is needed on one hand because of the revision of the machinery directive, amendment of
the lifts directive, and on the other hand because of improvements in the state of the art.
New ESR's in the revised machinery directive give new requirements for the fixation of protective guards. The
amendment is addressing these new requirements.
Furthermore the borderline between the scope of the machinery directive and the lifts directive has changed.
As a result of this the scope of EN 81-2 (and EN 81-1) is revised by means of this amendment.
Additionally this amendment is giving more severe requirements for (1) measures against the risk of stumbling
during loading and unloading, and for (2) measures against the risks due to uncontrolled movements. These
requirements are not linked to the revision of the machinery directive, but are a result of improved state of the
art. By means of this amendment, an improved conformity to the relevant ESR's in the Lifts Directive and
Machinery Directive is achieved.&
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
0.1 General
0.1.1 The object of this standard is to define safety rules related to passenger- and goods/passenger-lifts
with a view to safeguarding persons and objects against the risk of accidents associated with the user-,
1)
maintenance- and emergency operation of lifts
0.1.2 A study has been made of the various aspects of incidents possible with lifts in the following areas :
0.1.2.1 Risks possible due to :

a) shearing ;
b) crushing ;
c) falling ;
d) impact ;
e) trapping ;
f) fire ;
g) electric shock ;
h) failure of material due to :

1) mechanical damage ;
2) wear ;
3) corrosion.
0.1.2.2 Persons to be safeguarded :

a) users ;
b) maintenance and inspection personnel ;

c) persons outside the lift well, the machine room and pulley room (if any).

1)
Within CEN/TC 10 an interpretation committee has been established to answer questions about the spirit in which the
experts have drafted the various clauses of this standard. The issued interpretations are available from National Standards
Bodies.
0.1.2.3 Objects to be safeguarded :

a) loads in car ;
b) components of the lift installation ;

c) building in which the lift is installed.
0.2 Principles
In drawing up this standard the following have been used.
0.2.1 This standard does not repeat all the general technical rules applicable to every electrical, mechanical,
or building construction including the protection of building elements against fire.

It has, however, seemed necessary to establish certain requirements of good construction, either because
they are peculiar to lift manufacture or because in the case of lift utilization the requirements may be more
stringent than elsewhere.
0.2.2 This standard does not only address the essential safety requirements of the Lift Directive, but
additionally states minimum rules for the installation of lifts into buildings/constructions. There may be in some
countries regulations for the construction of buildings etc. which cannot be ignored.
Typical clauses affected by this are those defining minimum values for the height of the machine and pulley
rooms and for their access doors dimensions.
0.2.3 When the weight, size and/or shape of components prevent them from being moved by hand, they are :

a) either fitted with attachments for lifting gear, or

b) designed so that they can be fitted with such attachments (e.g. by means of threaded holes), or

c) shaped in such a way that standard lifting gear can easily be attached.
0.2.4 As far as possible the standard sets out only the requirements that materials and equipment have to
meet in the interests of safe operation of lifts.
0.2.5 Negotiations have been made between the customer and the supplier about :

a) the intended use of the lift ;

b) environmental conditions ;
c) civil engineering problems ;

d) other aspects related to the place of installation.
!
0.2.6 Risk analysis, terminology and technical solutions have been considered taking into account the
methods of the EN 61508-series of standards. This led to a necessary classification of safety functions applied
to PESSRAL."
0.3 Assumptions
Possible risks have been considered of each component that may be incorporated in a complete lift
installation.
Rules have been drawn up accordingly.
0.3.1 Components are :
a) designed in accordance with usual engineering practice and calculation codes, taking into account all
failure modes ;
b) of sound mechanical and electrical construction ;

c) made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality ;

d) be free of defects.
Harmful materials, such as asbestos are not used.
0.3.2 Components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the required dimensions remain
fulfilled despite wear.
0.3.3 Components will be selected and installed so that foreseeable environmental influences and special
working conditions do not affect the safe operation of the lift.
0.3.4 By design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the lift is assured for loads ranging from
0 % to 100 % of the rated load.
0.3.5 !!!!The requirements of this European Standard regarding electrical safety devices are such that the
possibility of a failure of an electric safety device (see 14.1.2.1.1 b)) complying with all the requirements of this
European Standard needs not to be taken into consideration."
0.3.6 Users have to be safeguarded against their own negligence and unwitting carelessness when using
the lift in the intended way.
0.3.7 A user may, in certain cases, make one imprudent act. The possibility of two simultaneous acts of
imprudence and/or the abuse of instructions for use is not considered.
0.3.8 If in the course of maintenance work a safety device, normally not accessible to the users, is
deliberately neutralised, safe operation of the lift is no longer assured, but compensatory measures will be
taken to ensure users safety in conformity with maintenance instructions.

It is assumed that maintenance personnel is instructed and works according to the instructions.
0.3.9 For horizontal forces, the following have been used :

a) static force : 300 N ;
b) force resulting from impact : 1000 N ;

reflecting the values that one person can exert.
0.3.10 With the exception of the items listed below, a mechanical device built according to good practice and
the requirements of the standard will not deteriorate to a point of creating hazard without the possibility of
detection.
The following mechanical failures are considered :
a) breakage of the suspension ;

b) breakage and slackening of all linkage by auxiliary ropes, chains and belts ;

c) rupture in the hydraulic system (jack excluded) ;

d) small leakage in the hydraulic system (jack included).
0.3.11 The possibility of the devices against free fall or descent with excessive speed not setting, should the
car free fall from the lowest landing, before the car strikes the buffer(s) is considered acceptable.
0.3.12 Provided that none of the failure mentioned in 0.3.10 occurs the speed of the car in down direction
with any load (up to the rated load) is assumed not to exceed the rated speed downwards by more than 8 %.
0.3.13 The organisation within the building, where the lift is installed, is such that it can respond effectively to
emergency calls without undue delay (see 0.2.5).
0.3.14 Means of access are provided for the hoisting of heavy equipment (see 0.2.5).
0.3.15 #To ensure the correct functioning of the equipment in the machinery space(s), i.e. taking into
account the heat dissipated by the equipment, the ambient temperature in the machinery space(s) is assumed
to be maintained between + 5 °C and + 40 °C.$
0.3.16 In the case of lifts provided with a restrictor/one-way restrictor as precaution against descent with
excessive speed an impact speed of the car on the buffer (s) or the pawl device equal to rated speed
downwards v + 0,3 m/s shall be taken into account.
d
0.3.17 In the case of goods passenger lifts having a car whose available area in relationship to the rated load
is greater than defined in table 1.1, a complete filling of the car with persons shall not create a dangerous
situation.
#
0.3.18 Access ways to the working areas are adequately lit (see 0.2.5).
0.3.19 Minimum passageways required by building regulations are not obstructed by the open door/trap of
the lift and/or any protection means for working areas outside of the well, where fitted according to the
maintenance instructions (see 0.2.5).
0.3.20 Where more than one person is working at the same time on a lift, an adequate means of
communication between these persons is ensured.$
%
0.3.21 The fixing system of guards, used specifically to provide protection against mechanival, electrical or
any other hazards by means of a physical barrier, which have to be removed during regular maintenance and
inspection, remains attached to the guard or to the equipment, when the guard is removed.&
1 Scope
1.1 This standard specifies the safety rules for the construction and installation of permanently installed
new hydraulic lifts serving defined landing levels, having a car designed for the transportation of persons or
persons and goods, suspended by jacks, ropes or chains and moving between guide rails inclined not more
than 15° to the vertical.
1.2 In addition to the requirements of this standard supplementary requirements shall be considered in
special cases (potentially explosive atmosphere, extreme climate conditions, seismic conditions, transporting
dangerous goods, etc.).
1.3 This standard does not cover :

a) lifts with drives other than those stated in 1.1 ;

2)
b) installation of hydraulic lifts in existing buildings to the extent that space does not permit ;

c) important modifications (see annex E) to a lift installed before this standard is brought into application ;

d) lifting appliances, such as paternosters, mine lifts, theatrical lifts, appliances with automatic caging,
skips, lifts and hoists for building and public works sites, ships' hoists, platforms for exploration or drilling at
sea, construction and maintenance appliances ;

e) installations where the inclination of the guide rails to the vertical exceeds 15° ;

f) safety during transport, installation, repairs, and dismantling of lifts ;

g) hydraulic lifts with a rated speed exceeding 1 m/s.

%
h) lifts with rated speed ≤ 0,15 m/s.&

However, this standard may usefully be taken as a basis.
Noise and vibrations are not dealt with in this standard because these are not relevant to the safe use of the
lift.
1.4 This standard does not specify the additional requirements necessary for the use of lifts in case of fire.

2)
Existing building is a building which is used or was already used before the order for the lift was placed. A building
whose internal structure is completely renewed is considered as a new building.
2 Normative references
This European standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this European standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
CEN/CENELEC standards
EN 294 1992 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being
reached by the upper limbs
EN 1050 Safety of machinery - Principles for risk assessment
EN 10025 Hot rolled products of non alloy structural steels - Technical delivery
conditions
EN 50214 Flexible cables for lifts
EN 60068-2-6 Environmental testing - Part 2 : Tests - Test Fc : Vibration (sinusoidal)
EN 60068-2-27 Basic environmental testing procedures - Part 2 : Tests - Test Ea and
guidance : Shock
EN 60068-2-29 Basic environmental testing procedures - Part 2 : Tests- Test Eb and
guidance : Bump
EN 60249-2-2 Base materials for printed circuits - Part 2 : Specifications - Specification
N° 2 : Phenolic cellulose paper copper-clad laminated sheet, economic
quality
EN 60249-2-3 Base materials for printed circuits - Part 2 : Specifications - Specification
N° 3 : Epoxyde cellule paper copper-clad laminated sheet of defined
flammability (vertical burning test)
EN 60742 Isolating transformers and safety isolating transformers - Requirements
EN 60947-4-1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4 : Contactors and motor-
starters - Section 1 : Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters
EN 60947-5-1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5 : Control circuit devices
and switching elements - Section 1 : Electromechanical control circuit
devices
EN 60950 Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business
equipment
EN 62326-1 Printed boards - Part 1 : Generic specification
!EN 61508- Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
1:2001 related systems - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61508-1:1998 +
Corrigendum 1999)
EN 61508-2:2001 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems - Part 2: Requirements for
electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems (IEC
61508-2:2000)
EN 61508-3:2001 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety
related systems - Part 3: Software requirements (IEC 61508-3:1998 +
Corrigendum 1999)
EN 61508-4:2001 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety
related systems - Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations (IEC 61508-4:1998
+ Corrigendum 1999)
EN 61508-5:2001 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety
related systems - Part 5: Examples of methods for the determination of
safety integrity levels (IEC 61508-5 1998 + Corrigendum 1999)
EN 61508-7:2001 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety
related systems - Part7: Overview of techniques and measures (IEC
61508-7:2000)"
EN 12015 1998 Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family standard for lifts, escalators
and passenger conveyors - Emission
EN 12016 1998 Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family standard for lifts, escalators
and passenger conveyors – Immunity

prEN 81-8 1997 Fire resistance tests of lift landing doors - Method of test and evaluation

IEC standards
IEC 60664-1 Insulation co-ordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1 :
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60747-5 Semiconductor devices – Discrete devices and integrated circuits – Part 5 :
Optoelectronic devices
CENELEC Harmonization Documents

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