ASTM C1423-21

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1423 − 16 C1423 − 21
Standard Guide for
Selecting Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1423; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers criteria for selecting thermal insulation jacketing materials and is not intended for use as a performance or
product specification.
1.2 This guide applies to jacketing materials applied over thermal insulation for piping, ducts, and equipment.
1.3 This guide includes jacketing materials used over thermal insulation whether the insulation is in the form of pipe, board, or
blanket, or field applied materials that are self-supporting, including insulating cements.
1.4 This guide does not include covers or other retaining walls that contain loose fill, other nonsupporting insulation materials,
or conduits or containers for buried insulation systems.
1.5 This guide does not include mastics and coatings and their reinforcements.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
A366/A366M Specification for Commercial Steel (CS) Sheet, Carbon, (0.15 Maximum Percent) Cold-Rolled (Withdrawn
2000)
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Insulation Systems.
Current edition approved March 1, 2016May 1, 2021. Published March 2016May 2021. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
C1423 – 15a.C1423 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/C1423-16.10.1520/C1423-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1423 − 21
A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength
Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, Required Hardness, Solution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C488 Test Method for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Finishes for Thermal Insulation
C835 Test Method for Total Hemispherical Emittance of Surfaces up to 1400°C
C921 Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
C1057 Practice for Determination of Skin Contact Temperature from Heated Surfaces Using a Mathematical Model and
Thermesthesiometer
C1136 Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for Insulation
C1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible Water Vapor Retarders
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings
C1371 Test Method for Determination of Emittance of Materials Near Room Temperature Using Portable Emissometers
C1729 Specification for Aluminum Jacketing for Insulation
C1767 Specification for Stainless Steel Jacketing for Insulation
C1775 Specification for Laminate Protective Jacket and Tape for Use over Thermal Insulation for Outdoor Applications
C1785 Test Method for Concentration of Pinhole Detections in Moisture Barriers on Metal Jacketing
D774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper (Withdrawn 2010)
D828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper and Paperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Apparatus
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D1000 Test Methods for Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applications
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
D3330/D3330M Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
D3759/D3759M Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Pressure-Sensitive Tape
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
E596 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Noise Reduction of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
F1249 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Modulated Infrared Sensor
G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
2.2 TAPPI Standards:
T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard
2.3 ANSI Standards:
H35.2.H35.2(M) Dimensional Tolerances for Aluminum Mill Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology C168 apply to the terms used in this practice. The following terms are also used in this standard.
3.1.1 abuse resistance—ability of a material to be exposed for prolonged periods of time to normal physical abuse without
significant deformation or punctures.
3.1.2 ambient temperature—the dry bulb temperature of surrounding air when shielded from any sources of incident radiation.
3.1.3 cleanability—ability of a material to be washed or otherwise cleaned to maintain its appearance.
3.1.4 corrosion resistance—ability of a material to be exposed for prolonged periods of time to a corrosive environment without
significant onset of corrosion and the consequential loss of mechanical properties.
3.1.5 fire resistance—ability of a material, product, or assembly to withstand fire or give protection from it for a period of time.
3.1.6 fungal growth resistance—ability of a material to be exposed continuously to damp conditions without the growth of mildew
or mold.
Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http://www.tappi.org.
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3.1.7 temperature resistance—ability of a material to perform its intended function after being subjected to high and low
temperatures which the material might be expected to encounter during normal use.
3.1.8 weather resistance—ability of a material to be exposed for prolonged periods of time to the outdoors without significant loss
of mechanical properties.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This standard is intended to be used by engineers and designers as a guide to assist them in selecting appropriate thermal
insulation jacketing materials. As a guide, it can be used to identify performance characteristics that might be necessary for a
particular insulation jacketing system. This guide is not a specification and therefore should not be used as such. It might, however,
be useful in writing a specification. Specification C921 can also be used to determine properties of jacketing materials for thermal
insulation.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Jacketing materials may be composed of a single material or a lamination of several components. The material may be in the
form of rolls or sheets or preformed to fit the surface to which they are to be applied. The materials may be applied in the field
or may be a factory-applied composite with the insulation.
5.2 Metallic:
5.2.1 Metallic jacketing materials are those whose primary material (usually the component of greatest thickness) is metal, such
as, aluminum, coated steel, and stainless steel. The metal may be smooth, corrugated, or embossed. The dimensions of corrugations
(pitch and depth) may be specified by the purchaser for interchangeability, constant rigidity, and control of sizes. The inner surface
of metallic jacketing materials may be coated or covered with a moisture resistant film to retard possible galvanic and/or chemical
corrosion of the jacketing.
5.2.1.1 Aluminum jacketing should be manufactured in compliance with Specification C1729 which incorporates by reference the
chemical composition and physical properties of Specification B209. Where ambient conditions are particularly corrosive or when
a higher surface emissivity is desired, the outer surface of the aluminum may be coated with paint or plastic film.
5.2.1.2 Coated steel jacketing materials can be manufactured in compliance with several Specifications including A366/A366M
and A1008/A1008M using alloys 1010, 1015, or 1020 steel. The outer surface is typically protected by aluminizing, galvanizing,
or coating with another type of corrosion resistant metal alloy. Metal thicknesses generally available are from 0.010 to 0.019 in.
(0.25 to 0.46 mm).
5.2.1.3 Stainless steel jacketing should be manufactured in compliance with Specification C1767 which incorporates by reference
the chemical composition and physical properties of Specification A240/A240M.
5.3 Nonmetallic and Laminated Jacketing:
5.3.1 Laminated jacketing materials are typically manufactured from combinations of plastic films, plastic composites, metallic
foils, reinforcing fabrics, papers, or felts selected to obtain the required performance characteristics. Laminated jacketing for
outdoor applications should be manufactured in compliance with Specification C1775.
5.3.1.1 One common type of laminated jacketing is flexible low permeance vapor retarders, which should be manufactured in
compliance with Specification C1136.
5.3.2 Textile or cloth jacketing materials are woven or knitted of textile yarns. Commonly available forms are 4, 6, or 8 oz/yd
(0.14, 0.20, or 0.27 kg/m ) cotton canvas, various weaves of glass fiber yarns, presized glass cloth, knit, or woven plastic fibers.
5.3.3 Plastic jacketing materials are manufactured in various forms and types. Thicknesses generally available are from 0.003 to
0.035 in. (0.08 to 0.89 mm). Various materials can be used such as poly-vitalpoly-vinyl chloride (PVC), CPVS, chlorinated
poly-vinyl chloride (CPVC), fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), and others.
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5.3.4 Saturated felt or cloth jacketing materials are manufactured from various base felts or cloths that have been impregnated with
bitumen or resinous materials. Examples: Glass fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber. This definition does not include tar paper,
asphalt paper, or other paperboard materials or other products, such as rag felt, that are made out of waste and they do not represent
a continuous and resistant base for a jacketing.
5.3.5 Rubber containing membranes are manufactured from combinations of layers of various rubber containing materials such
as butyl rubber or rubberized bitumen with layers of other materials such as plastic films, metallic foils, reinforcing fabrics, or a
combination thereof.
5.4 Classifications used in jacketing specifications—Each of the various ASTM specifications for jacketing contains a different
classification system appropriate for that material. While each individual ASTM specification should be consulted for the details,
the general outlines for each of these systems are shown below.
5.4.1 Specification C1136 Flexible Low Permeance Vapor Retarders,
5.4.1.1 Classified into seven Types based on physical properties and structural requirements,
5.4.2 Specification C1729 Aluminum Jacketing for Insulation,
5.4.2.1 Classified into four Types based on outer surface treatment and emittance,
5.4.2.2 Classified into six Grades based on aluminum alloy and temper,
5.4.2.3 Classified into four Classes based on type of moisture retarder,
5.4.3 Specification C1767 Stainless Steel Jacketing for Insulation:
5.4.3.1 Classified into one Type based on outer surface treatment and emittance,
5.4.3.2 Classified into two Grades based on stainless steel alloy and temper, and
5.4.3.3 Classified into three Classes based on type of moisture retarder.
5.4.4 Specification C1775 Laminate Protective Jacket and Tape for Use over Thermal Insulation for Outdoor Applications:
5.4.4.1 Classified into three Types based on several strength properties and peel adhesion, and
5.4.4.2 Classified into three Grades based on emittance.
6. Physical and Chemical Performance Considerations
6.1 This section includes a number of performance issues that should be considered when using this guide to select a jacketing
material for thermal insulation. Some may not be applicable to the particular application. However, to be certain none are
overlooked, the user should consider all materials initially and then eliminate those that are not applicable.
6.2 Abuse Resistance—Consideration should be given to the ability of a jacketing material to withstand a variety of physical
conditions in excess of required functional design criteria. Prior to selection, consideration should be given to the expected
intensity and types of abuse as well as the length of time the jacketing material is expected to withstand a given level of abuse.
6.2.1 Abuse May Include the Following Factors:
6.2.1.1 Foot traffıc—Will people or equipment be applying loads directly on the jacketing material such as when piping is used
like a ladder?
6.2.1.2 Impact Resistance—Is the jacketing material located where there is a probability of it being routinely struck by falling tools
or other objects or being hit by traffic moving by?
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6.2.1.3 System Maintenance—Does the system that the jacketing material is on require maintenance at regular intervals that would
require the removal and reinstallation of the jacketing material?
6.2.1.4 Puncture Resistance—Is the jacketing material easily punctured? See 9.2.2.
6.3 Weather Resistance—Consideration should be given to the ability of a jacketing system to be exposed outdoors without a
significant loss of properties. Factors to consider in selection of the jacketing materials, that comprise the jacketing system, are the
following.
6.3.1 Possible effects of precipitation, including rain, snow, sleet, hail, frost, and dew as appropriate for the use area.
6.3.2 Possible effect of ultra violet radiation from sunlight.
6.3.3 Maximum wind velocity.
6.3.4 Possibility of abrasion caused by blowing sand or salt.
6.3.5 Possible effect of high humidity or fog.
6.4 Water Vapor Transmissio
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