Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film made by the calender or extrusion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot uniformity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced during processing.  
4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732, which uses a liquid medium.  
4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the specifications of the material being tested, if available. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film that result from exposure of the material to specified conditions of elevated temperature and time.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods).  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2020
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics

Relations

Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019
Effective Date
15-Apr-2019
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Effective Date
01-Dec-2018
Effective Date
01-Nov-2018
Effective Date
15-Aug-2017
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Effective Date
15-May-2011
Effective Date
01-Apr-2011

Overview

ASTM D1204-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature - is an internationally recognized standard developed by ASTM to measure the linear dimensional change of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film when exposed to specified elevated temperatures over a given time period. This test is essential for manufacturers and users seeking to ensure lot-to-lot uniformity and consistency in materials made by calendering or extrusion processes. Evaluating linear changes at elevated temperatures helps determine the presence and degree of internal strains introduced during manufacturing, enabling better quality control and material performance.

Key Topics

  • Test Applicability: Especially effective for nonrigid thermoplastic films and sheets manufactured through calendering or extrusion.
  • Air as Heating Medium: Unlike some methods that use liquid mediums (e.g., ASTM D2732), this test uses air, resulting in method-specific outcomes.
  • Measurement Parameters: Standardizes conditions for test specimen preparation, conditioning (typically at 23°C, 50% relative humidity), exposure temperature, and duration, favoring referenced ASTM material specifications when available.
  • Process Overview:
    • Specimens are cut to specified dimensions, conditioned, and marked.
    • Each sample is sandwiched between paper lightly dusted with talc to minimize sticking and allow free movement.
    • After air oven exposure, specimens are reconditioned and measured to calculate percentage linear change.
  • Reporting: Requires documentation of material identity, test conditions (time and temperature), and dimensional changes in both machine and transverse directions.

Applications

ASTM D1204-14(2020) has wide-ranging practical applications in plastics manufacturing and quality assurance, including:

  • Quality Control: Verifying the uniformity of thermoplastic films or sheeting between production lots by identifying variations due to internal strain from processing.
  • Material Specification Compliance: Ensuring that products meet specified tolerances for dimensional stability when subjected to heat, which is critical for packaging, construction, automotive, and many other industries that utilize thermoplastic films or sheeting.
  • Process Optimization: Identifying the impact of production variables such as temperature, extrusion, or calendering speed on the final product, allowing manufacturers to adjust processes for better product consistency.
  • Qualification and Certification: Supporting the qualification of materials for regulated markets or applications where dimensional stability at elevated temperatures is a key requirement.

Related Standards

When working with nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting and films, it is helpful to consider these related ASTM and international standards:

  • ASTM D2732: Test Method for Unrestrained Linear Thermal Shrinkage of Plastic Film and Sheeting - utilizes a liquid heating medium, offering a comparative method for dimensional change.
  • ASTM D618: Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing - defines conditioning protocols before testing plastic materials.
  • ASTM D883: Terminology Relating to Plastics - establishes definitions and terminology for consistency across standards.
  • ASTM D4000: Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials - provides a system for specifying plastic materials and includes references to other relevant material standards.
  • ISO 11501: Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of dimensional change on heating - a similar international method, though technical details differ and results are not directly comparable.

ASTM D1204-14(2020) supports precise, repeatable testing for dimensional stability in thermoplastic sheeting and film, enabling manufacturers and end-users to meet product quality, traceability, and regulatory requirements efficiently.

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Frequently Asked Questions

ASTM D1204-14(2020) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film made by the calender or extrusion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot uniformity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced during processing. 4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732, which uses a liquid medium. 4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the specifications of the material being tested, if available. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film that result from exposure of the material to specified conditions of elevated temperature and time. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods). 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film made by the calender or extrusion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot uniformity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced during processing. 4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732, which uses a liquid medium. 4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the specifications of the material being tested, if available. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film that result from exposure of the material to specified conditions of elevated temperature and time. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods). 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D1204-14(2020) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.140.10 - Films and sheets. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ASTM D1204-14(2020) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D1204-14, ASTM D883-24, ASTM D883-23, ASTM D883-20, ASTM D883-19c, ASTM D883-19a, ASTM D883-19, ASTM D883-18a, ASTM D883-18, ASTM D883-17, ASTM D2732-14, ASTM D883-12e1, ASTM D4000-12, ASTM D883-11, ASTM D4000-11. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

ASTM D1204-14(2020) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1204 − 14 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic
Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1204; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standard
ISO 11501 Plastics: Film and Sheeting—Determination of
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in
Dimensional Change on Heating
linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film
thatresultfromexposureofthematerialtospecifiedconditions
3. Terminology
of elevated temperature and time.
3.1 Definitions—Terms applicable to this test method are
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
defined in Terminology D883.
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thermoplastic sheeting or film made by the calender or extru-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
sion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot unifor-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but
during processing.
differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared
4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does
between the two methods).
not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732,
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
which uses a liquid medium.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specificationsofthematerialbeingtested,ifavailable.Anytest
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant
ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those
2. Referenced Documents
mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM
material specifications, then the default conditions apply.Table
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
standards that currently exist.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2732 Test Method for Unrestrained Linear Thermal
5. Apparatus
Shrinkage of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
5.1 Oven—Amechanical convection oven capable of main-
als
taining a temperature of 100 6 1°C.
5.2 Scale, graduated in 0.25-mm (0.01-in.) divisions, 30 cm
(12 in.) or more in length.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
5.3 Thermometer, graduated in 1°C divisions, with a range
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
Molded Products.
suitable for the test temperature used.
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
5.4 Timer, graduated in minutes.
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1204 - 14. DOI:
10.1520/D1204-14R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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