ASTM B251/B251M-17
(Specification)Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube
ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of general requirements for wrought seamless copper and copper alloy tube. The material shall be produced by either hot or cold working operations, or both, and shall be finished, unless otherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified. Dimensional requirements such as wall thickness are specified. The sampling requirements including lot size, portion size, and selection of sample pieces are given. Requirements for chemical analysis, and tension, microscopical examination, Rockwell hardness, grain size, expansion (pin), mercurous nitrate, and electrical resistivity tests are detailed. The material shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition, hardness, electrical resistivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and grain size.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of general requirements common to several wrought product specifications. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643 and B743.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Sep-2017
- Technical Committee
- B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
- Drafting Committee
- B05.04 - Pipe and Tube
Relations
- Effective Date
- 16-Nov-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2016
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2016
Overview
ASTM B251/B251M-17, issued by ASTM International, is the standard specification outlining the general requirements for wrought seamless copper and copper-alloy tube. This standard applies to both hot and cold worked tubes, clarifying the production, finishing, and quality control processes necessary to achieve the required product properties. Widely referenced in both inch-pound and SI unit systems, it ensures consistency and quality in copper and copper-alloy tube manufacturing aligned with international trade and engineering expectations.
Key Topics
Scope and Applicability
- Covers wrought seamless copper and copper-alloy tubes produced by hot or cold working, or both.
- Defines requirements common to several product specifications, including ASTM B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643, and B743.
- Specifies the use of either SI or inch-pound units, not interchangeably, to maintain measurement consistency.
Material and Manufacture
- Tubes must be produced from high-quality, pure material.
- Final properties are achieved through proper cold working, annealing, or heat treatment as necessary.
Dimensional Requirements
- Wall thickness, outside and inside diameter tolerances, and length and straightness are well-defined.
- Tolerances are specified for round, square, and rectangular tubes in both SI and inch-pound units.
- Additional requirements outlined for roundness, corner radii, and twist tolerance for non-round tubes.
Sampling and Testing
- Sampling procedures dictate lot size, sample quantity, and selection process for compliance checks.
- Test requirements include chemical analysis, tension testing, grain size measurement, Rockwell hardness, expansion (pin) test, mercurous nitrate test, and electrical resistivity.
- Retesting guidelines ensure failed samples are properly addressed.
Workmanship and Inspection
- Tubes must be clean and free from defects affecting function or appearance.
- Manufacturers must provide inspection access and, when specified, certifications for tested batches.
Applications
ASTM B251/B251M-17 is vital across multiple industries where reliability and consistency of copper and copper-alloy tube are critical, including:
- HVAC and Refrigeration: Ensures robust seamless copper tubes for heat exchange, air conditioning, and refrigeration systems.
- Plumbing: Guarantees tubes meet strict dimensional and performance standards for water and gas supply lines.
- Electrical: Tubes complying with this standard deliver reliable performance in electrical conductor and bus bar applications owing to precise resistivity controls.
- Automotive: Supports manufacturing of tubes for fuel, brake, and lubrication systems by establishing mechanical and chemical integrity.
- Industrial Equipment: Provides confidence to manufacturers requiring seamless tubes for instrumentation, hydraulics, and other process systems.
By mandating consistent properties and tolerances, this standard helps manufacturers, engineers, and procurement teams select products that conform to international quality expectations, reducing risk and improving system reliability.
Related Standards
- ASTM B68/B68M: Bright annealed seamless copper tube.
- ASTM B75/B75M: General seamless copper tube.
- ASTM B135/B135M: Seamless brass tube (metric and inch-pound).
- ASTM B466/B466M: Seamless copper-nickel pipe and tube.
- ASTM B643: Copper-beryllium alloy seamless tube.
- ASTM B743: Seamless copper tube in coils.
Further referenced standards include test methods for expansion (ASTM B153), hardness (ASTM E18), resistivity (ASTM B193), chemical analysis (ASTM E478), and terminology for copper and copper alloys (ASTM B846).
ASTM B251/B251M-17 enables manufacturing, quality assurance, and procurement professionals to ensure seamless copper and copper-alloy tubes meet rigorous international standards for reliability, performance, and safety in critical applications.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM B251/B251M-17 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers a group of general requirements for wrought seamless copper and copper alloy tube. The material shall be produced by either hot or cold working operations, or both, and shall be finished, unless otherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified. Dimensional requirements such as wall thickness are specified. The sampling requirements including lot size, portion size, and selection of sample pieces are given. Requirements for chemical analysis, and tension, microscopical examination, Rockwell hardness, grain size, expansion (pin), mercurous nitrate, and electrical resistivity tests are detailed. The material shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition, hardness, electrical resistivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and grain size. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers a group of general requirements common to several wrought product specifications. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643 and B743. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers a group of general requirements for wrought seamless copper and copper alloy tube. The material shall be produced by either hot or cold working operations, or both, and shall be finished, unless otherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified. Dimensional requirements such as wall thickness are specified. The sampling requirements including lot size, portion size, and selection of sample pieces are given. Requirements for chemical analysis, and tension, microscopical examination, Rockwell hardness, grain size, expansion (pin), mercurous nitrate, and electrical resistivity tests are detailed. The material shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition, hardness, electrical resistivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and grain size. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers a group of general requirements common to several wrought product specifications. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643 and B743. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM B251/B251M-17 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 77.150.30 - Copper products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM B251/B251M-17 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM B251M-10, ASTM B251-10, ASTM E8/E8M-24, ASTM B846-19a, ASTM B68/B68M-19, ASTM B75/B75M-19, ASTM B846-19, ASTM E18-18, ASTM B428-09(2018), ASTM B466/B466M-18, ASTM B643-18, ASTM B135/B135M-17, ASTM E18-17, ASTM B643-12(2016), ASTM E8/E8M-16. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM B251/B251M-17 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B251/B251M −17
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and
Copper-Alloy Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B251/B251M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* B154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper
Alloys
1.1 This specification covers a group of general require-
B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—
ments common to several wrought product specifications.
Refinery Shapes
Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
individual specification, these general requirements shall apply
Materials
to copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications
B428 Test Method for Angle of Twist in Rectangular and
B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643
Square Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
and B743.
B466/B466M Specification for Seamless Copper-Nickel
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Pipe and Tube
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
B643 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Seamless
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
Tube
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
B743 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube in Coils
used independently of the other, and values from the two
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
systems shall not be combined.
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
terials
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
terials
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed
2. Referenced Documents
Copper by Gravimetry
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
CopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)
of material purchase form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced herein: E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
2.2 ASTM Standards:
the Determination of Chemical Composition
B68/B68M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright
E478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloys
Annealed
B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
3. Terminology
B135/B135M Specification for Seamless Brass Tube
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
4. Materials and Manufacture
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
4.1 The material shall be of such quality and purity that the
and CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe
finished product shall have the properties and characteristics
and Tube.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originally
prescribed in the applicable product specification listed in
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B251 – 10. DOI:
Section 1.
10.1520/B0251_B0251M-17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B251/B251M−17
4.2 The material shall be produced by either hot or cold 5.4 Roundness (Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M,
working operations, or both. It shall be finished, unless B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)—For drawn unannealed tube
otherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing or
instraightlengths,theroundnesstolerancesshallbeasfollows:
heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified.
t/D Roundness Tolerance as Percent of
(Ratio of Wall Thickness to Outside Diameter (Expressed to the
5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
Outside Diameter) Nearest 0.001 in. [0.025 mm])
5.1 General:
0.01 to 0.03, incl 1.5 [1.5]
5.1.1 The standard method of specifying wall thickness Over 0.03 to 0.05, incl 1.0 [1.0]
Over 0.05 to 0.10, incl 0.8 or 0.002 in. [mm] whichever is greater
shall be in decimal fractions of an inch or millimeter.
Over 0.10 0.7 or 0.002 in. [mm] whichever is greater
5.1.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with the
5.4.1 Compliance with the roundness tolerances shall be
dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, any
determined by taking measurements on the outside diameter
measured value outside the specified limiting values for any
only, irrespective of the manner in which the tube dimensions
dimension shall be cause for rejection.
5.1.3 Tolerances on a given tube shall be specified with are specified. The deviation from roundness is measured as the
respect to any two, but not all three, of the following: outside
differencebetweenmajorandminordiametersasdeterminedat
diameter, inside diameter, wall thickness.
any one cross section of the tube. The major and minor
5.1.4 When round tube is ordered by outside and inside
diameters are the diameters of two concentric circles just
diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall
enclosing the outside surface of the tube at the cross section.
thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed the
5.4.2 No tolerances have been established for as-extruded
values given in Table 1 by more than 50 %.
tube, redraw tube, annealed tube, any tube furnished in coils or
NOTE 1—Blank spaces in the tolerance tables indicate either that the
drawn tube whose wall thickness is under 0.016 in. [0.4 mm].
material is not generally available or that no tolerances have been
established.
5.5 Length Tolerances:
5.2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy 5.5.1 Straight Lengths—Length tolerances, straight lengths,
Tube—Wall thickness tolerances applicable to Specifications
applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/
B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743 for round
B135M, and B466/B466M shall be in accordance with Table 9
tubes only shall be in accordance with Table 1 or Table 2. Wall
or Table 10.
thickness tolerances for rectangular including square tube
5.5.2 Schedule of Tube Lengths—Specific and stock lengths
applicabletoSpecificationsB75/B75MandB135/B135Mshall
of tube with ends, applicable to Specifications B68/B68M,
be in accordance with Table 3 or Table 4.
B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B466/B466M, shall be in
5.3 Diameter or Distance between Parallel Surfaces, Toler-
accordance with Table 11 or Table 12. Tube in straight lengths
ances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Diameter toler-
shall be furnished in stock lengths with ends, unless the order
ances applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M,
requires specific lengths or specific lengths with ends.
B135/B135M, and B743 for round tubes only shall be in
5.6 Squareness of Cut (Applicable to Specifications B68/
accordance with Table 5 or Table 6. Tolerances on distance
B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)—For tube
between parallel surfaces for rectangular including square tube
in straight lengths, the departure from squareness of the end of
applicabletoSpecificationsB75/B75MandB135/B135Mshall
be in accordance with Table 7 and Table 8. any tube shall not exceed the following:
TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Outside Diameter, in.
Wall Thickness, in. 1 5 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, Over ⁄8 to 1, Over 1 to 2, Over 2 to 4, Over 4 to 7, Over 7 to 10,
1 1
⁄32 to ⁄8, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.001 0.0015 0.002 . . .
Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.0025 . . .
Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.0025 0.003 0.004 . .
Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.003 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.005 0.007 .
Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl . 0.0035 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.011
Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl . 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.014
Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 0.016
B B B B
Over 0.283 to 0.379, incl . . 0.014 6%6%7%7 %
B B B B
Over 0.379 . . . 6%6%7%7 %
A
When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed
the values given in the table by more than 50 %.
B
Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.001 in.
B251/B251M−17
TABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, and B135/B135M)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Outside Diameter, mm
Wall Thickness, mm
Over 3.0 to 16, Over 16 to 25, Over 25 to 50, Over 50 to 100, Over 100 to 180, Over 180 to 250,
0.80 to 3.0, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 . . .
Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.06 . . .
Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.10 . .
Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.20 .
Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.28
Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
B B B B
Over 7.0 to 10, incl . . 0.30 5%5%6%6 %
B B B B
Over 10 . . . 5%5%6%6 %
A
When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed
the values given in the table by more than 50 %.
B
Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.025 mm.
TABLE 3 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube—Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, in.
Wall Thickness, in. 1 5 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, Over ⁄8 to 1, Over 1 to 2, Over 2 to 4, Over 4 to 7, Over 7 to 10,
1 1
⁄32 to ⁄8, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.002 0.0025 0.003 . . .
Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 . . .
Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.004 0.006 . .
Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.004 0.004 0.0045 0.005 0.007 0.009 .
Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.010 0.012
Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.012 0.014
Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.009 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.016
Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl . 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.015 0.017 0.019
Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.015 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.022
A
In the case of rectangular tube the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.
5.6.1 Round Tube: B135/B135M, and B466/B466M shall be in accordance with
Table 13 or Table 14.
Specified Outside Diameter, Tolerance
in. [mm]
5.7.2 Rectangular and Square Tubes—For rectangular and
5 square tubes of any drawn temper, the straightness tolerance
Up to ⁄8 [16], incl 0.010 in. [0.25 mm]
Over ⁄8 [16] 0.016 in./in. [mm/mm] of diameter
applicabletoSpecificationsB75/B75MandB135/B135Mshall
be ⁄2 in.[12mm]maximumcurvature(depthofarc)inany6-ft
5.6.2 Rectangular and Square Tube:
[2000-mm] portion of the total length. (Not applicable to
Specified Distance Between Major
Tolerance
Outside Parallel Surfaces, in. [mm]
extruded tube, redraw tube, or any annealed tube.)
Up to ⁄8 [16], incl 0.016 in. [0.40 mm]
5.8 Corner Radius, Rectangular and Square Tubes—The
Over ⁄8 [16] 0.025 in./in. [mm/mm] of distance
permissible radii for commercially square corners applicable to
between outside parallel surfaces
Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M shall be in accor-
5.7 Straightness Tolerances:
dance with Table 15 or Table 16.
5.7.1 Round Tubes—For round tubes of any drawn temper,
1 1
⁄4 to 3 ⁄2 in. [6 to 100 mm] in outside diameter, inclusive, but 5.9 Twist Tolerances, Rectangular and Square Tubes—The
maximum twist about the longitudinal axis of drawn temper
not redraw tube, extruded tube, or any annealed tube, the
straightness tolerances applicable to Specifications B75/B75M, rectangular and square tubes applicable to Specifications B75/
B251/B251M−17
TABLE 4 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube—SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, mm
Wall Thickness, mm
3.0 to 16, 16 to 25, 25 to 50, 50 to 100, 100 to 180, 180 to 250,
0.80 to 3.0, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 . . .
Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.09 . . .
Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.15 . .
Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.25 .
Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30
Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35
Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.30 0.36 0.40
Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.28 0.30 0.33 0.38 0.45 0.50
Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.38 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55
A
In the case of rectangular tube, the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.
TABLE 5 Average Diameter Tolerances for Copper and Copper-
7. Sampling
A
Alloy Tube —Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, 7.1 Sampling—The lot, size, portion size, and selection of
and B743)
sample pieces shall be as follows:
Specified Diameter, in. Tolerance, Plus and Minus, in.
7.1.1 Lot Size—For tube, the lot size shall be 10 000 lb
Up to ⁄8, incl 0.002
[5000 kg] or fraction thereof.
1 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, incl 0.002
5 7.1.2 Portion Size—Sample pieces shall be taken for test
Over ⁄8 to 1, incl 0.0025
Over 1 to 2, incl 0.003
purposes from each lot according to the following schedule:
Over 2 to 3, incl 0.004
Number of Pieces Number of Sample Pieces to
Over 3 to 4, incl 0.005
A
in Lot be Taken
Over 4 to 5, incl 0.006
Over 5 to 6, incl 0.007
1to50 1
Over 6 to 8, incl 0.008
51 to 200 2
Over 8 to 10, incl 0.010
201 to 1500 3
A
Applicable to inside or outside diameter.
Over 1500 0.2 % of total number of pieces in the
lot, but not to exceed 10 sample pieces
A
Each sample piece shall be taken from a separate tube.
TABLE 6 Average Diameter Tolerances for Copper and Copper-
A
Alloy Tube —SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M,and
8. Number of Tests and Retests
B135/B135M)
Specified Diameter, mm Tolerance, Plus and Minus, mm 8.1 Chemical Analysis—Samplesforchemicalanalysisshall
Up to 3.0, incl 0.05 be taken in accordance with Practice E255. Drillings, millings,
Over 3.0 to 16, incl 0.05
etc., shall be taken in approximately equal weight from each of
Over 16 to 25, incl 0.06
the sample pieces selected in accordance with 7.1.2 and
Over 25 to 50, incl 0.08
Over 50 to 75, incl 0.10 combined into one composite sample. The minimum weight of
Over 75 to 100, incl 0.12
thecompositesamplethatistobedividedintothreeequalparts
Over 100 to 125, incl 0.15
shall be 150 g.
Over 125 to 150, incl 0.18
Over 150 to 200, incl 0.20 8.1.1 Instead of sampling in accordance with Practice E255,
Over 200 to 250, incl 0.25
the manufacturer shall have the option of determining confor-
A
Applicable to inside or outside diameter.
mance to chemical composition as follows: Conformance shall
be determined by the manufacturer by analyzing samples taken
at the time the castings are poured or samples taken from the
B75M and B135/B135M shall not exceed 1°/ft [1°/300 mm] of length,
semi-finished product. If the manufacturer determines the
measured to the nearest degree, and the total angle of twist shall not
chemical composition of the material during the course of
exceed 20° when measured in accordance with Test Method B428. The
manufacture,heshallnotberequiredtosampleandanalyzethe
requirementisnotapplicabletotubesintheannealedtemperortotubes
whose specified major dimension is less than ⁄2 in. [12 mm]. finished product. The number of samples taken for determina-
tion of chemical composition shall be as follows:
6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1.1.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings are
6.1 The material shall be free of defects of a nature that poured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group of
interfere with normal commercial applications. It shall be well castings poured simultaneously from the same source of
cleaned and free of dirt. molten metal.
B251/B251
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B251 − 10 B251/B251M − 17
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and
Copper-Alloy Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B251;B251/B251M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers a group of general requirements common to several wrought product specifications. Unless
otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper and
copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643 and
B743.
NOTE 1—This specification B251 is the inch-pound companion to B251M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extent
referenced herein:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B68B68/B68M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright Annealed
B75B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
B135B135/B135M Specification for Seamless Brass Tube [Metric] B0135_B0135M
B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
B154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper Alloys
B170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
B428 Test Method for Angle of Twist in Rectangular and Square Copper and Copper Alloy Tube
B466/B466M Specification for Seamless Copper-Nickel Pipe and Tube
B643 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Seamless Tube
B743 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube in Coils
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed Copper by Gravimetry
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe and
Tube.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2010November 2017. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20022010
as B251 – 02.B251 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/B0251-10.10.1520/B0251_B0251M-17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B251/B251M − 17
E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition
E478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 average diameter (for round tubes only)—the average of the maximum and minimum outside diameters, or maximum and
minimum inside diameters, whichever is applicable, as determined at any one cross section of the tube.
3.1.2 coil—a length of the product wound into a series of connected turns. The unqualified term “coil” as applied to tube usually
refers to a bunched coil.
3.1.2.1 bunched—a coil in which the turns are bunched and held together such that the cross section of the bunched turns is
approximately circular.
3.1.2.2 double layer flat—a coil in which the product is spirally wound into two connected disk-like layers such that one layer
is on top of the other. (Sometimes called “double layer pancake coil” or “double layer spirally wound coil.”)
3.1.2.3 level or traverse wound—a coil in which the turns are wound into layers parallel to the axis of the coil such that
successive turns in a given layer are next to one another. (Sometimes called “helical coil.”)
3.1.2.4 level or traverse wound on a reel or spool—a coil in which the turns are positioned into layers on a reel or spool parallel
to the axis of the reel or spool such that successive turns in a given layer are next to one another.
3.1.2.5 single layer flat—a coil in which the product is spirally wound into a single disk-like layer. (Sometimes called “pancake
coil” or “single layer spirally wound coil.”)
3.1.2.6 stagger wound—a coil in which the turns are positioned into layers approximately parallel to the axis of the coil, but
not necessarily with the fixed regularity of a level or traverse wound coil.
3.1.3 lengths—straight pieces of the product.
3.1.3.1 ends—straight pieces, shorter than the nominal length, left over after cutting the product into mill lengths, stock lengths,
or specific lengths. They are subject to minimum length and maximum weight requirements.
3.1.3.2 mill—straight lengths, including ends, that are conveniently manufactured in the mills. Full-length pieces are usually 10,
12, or 20 ft and subject to established length tolerances.
3.1.3.3 multiple—straight lengths of integral multiples of a base length, with suitable allowance for cutting, if and when
specified.
3.1.3.4 random—run of mill lengths without any indicated preferred length.
3.1.3.5 specific—straight lengths that are uniform in length, as specified, and subject to established length tolerances.
3.1.3.6 specific with ends—specific lengths, including ends.
3.1.3.7 standard—uniform lengths recommended in a Simplified Practice Recommendation or established as a Commercial
Standard.
3.1.3.8 stock—straight lengths that are mill cut and stored in advance of orders. They are usually 10, 12, or 20 ft and subject
to established length tolerances.
3.1.3.9 stock with ends—stock lengths, including ends.
3.1.4 reel or spool—a cylindrical device that has a rim at each end and an axial hole for a shaft or spindle, and on which the
product is wound to facilitate handling and shipping.
3.1.5 tube—a hollow product of round or any other cross section, having a continuous periphery.
3.1.5.1 tube, automotive and general service—a seamless copper tube of small diameter conforming to a standard series of sizes
commercially known as Automotive and General Service Tube.
3.1.5.2 tube, seamless—a tube produced with a continuous periphery in all stages of the operations.
3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The material shall be of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have the properties and characteristics
prescribed in the applicable product specification listed in Section 1.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
B251/B251M − 17
4.2 The material shall be produced by either hot or cold working operations, or both. It shall be finished, unless otherwise
specified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified.
5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
5.1 General:
5.1.1 The standard method of specifying wall thickness shall be in decimal fractions of an inch.inch or millimeter.
5.1.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with the dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, any
measured value outside the specified limiting values for any dimension shall be cause for rejection.
5.1.3 Tolerances on a given tube shall be specified with respect to any two, but not all three, of the following: outside diameter,
inside diameter, wall thickness.
5.1.4 When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness
from the nominal at any point shall not exceed the values given in Table 1 by more than 50 %.
NOTE 1—Blank spaces in the tolerance tables indicate either that the material is not generally available or that no tolerances have been established.
5.2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Wall thickness tolerances applicable to Specifications
B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B743 for round tubes only shall be in accordance with Table 1 or Table
2. Wall thickness tolerances for rectangular including square tube applicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M and B135B135/
B135M shall be in accordance with Table 23 or Table 4.
5.3 Diameter or Distance between Parallel Surfaces, Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Diameter tolerances
applicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B743 for round tubes only shall be in
accordance with Table 35 or Table 6. Tolerances on distance between parallel surfaces for rectangular including square tube
applicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M and B135B135/B135M shall be in accordance with Table 47 and Table 8.
TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube
(Applicable to Specifications B68, B75, B135, and B743)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point:The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Outside Diameter, in.
Wall Thickness, in. 1 5 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, Over ⁄8 to 1, Over 1 to 2, Over 2 to 4, Over 4 to 7, Over 7 to 10,
1 1
⁄32 to ⁄8, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.001 0.0015 0.002 . . .
Over 0.017–0.024, incl 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.0025 . . .
Over 0.024–0.034, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.0025 0.003 0.004 . .
Over 0.034–0.057, incl 0.003 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.005 0.007 .
Over 0.057–0.082, incl . 0.0035 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
Over 0.082–0.119, incl . 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.011
Over 0.119–0.164, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
Over 0.164–0.219, incl . 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.014
Over 0.219–0.283, incl . . 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 0.016
B B B B
Over 0.283–0.379, incl . . 0.014 6 % 6 % 7 % 7 %
B B B B
Over 0.379 . . . 6 % 6 % 7 % 7 %
TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Outside Diameter, in.
Wall Thickness, in. 1 5 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, Over ⁄8 to 1, Over 1 to 2, Over 2 to 4, Over 4 to 7, Over 7 to 10,
1 1
⁄32 to ⁄8, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.001 0.0015 0.002 . . .
Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.0025 . . .
Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.0025 0.003 0.004 . .
Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.003 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.005 0.007 .
Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl . 0.0035 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.011
Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012
Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl . 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.014
Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 0.016
B B B B
Over 0.283 to 0.379, incl . . 0.014 6 % 6 % 7 % 7 %
B B B B
Over 0.379 . . . 6 % 6 % 7 % 7 %
A
When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed
the values given in the table by more than 50 percent.%.
B
Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.001 in.
B251/B251M − 17
TABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube—SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, and B135/B135M)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Outside Diameter, mm
Wall Thickness, mm
Over 3.0 to 16, Over 16 to 25, Over 25 to 50, Over 50 to 100, Over 100 to 180, Over 180 to 250,
0.80 to 3.0, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 . . .
Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.06 . . .
Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.10 . .
Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.20 .
Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.28
Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
B B B B
Over 7.0 to 10, incl . . 0.30 5 % 5 % 6 % 6 %
B B B B
Over 10 . . . 5 % 5 % 6 % 6 %
A
When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceed
the values given in the table by more than 50 %.
B
Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.025 mm.
TABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube
(Applicable to Specifications B75, B135, and B743)
NOTE 1—Maximum deviation at any point. The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the values
given.
A
Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, in.
Wall Thickness, in. 1 5 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, Over ⁄8 to 1, Over 1 to 2, Over 2 to 4, Over 4 to 7, Over 7 to 10,
1 1
⁄32 to ⁄8, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.002 0.0025 0.003 . . .
Over 0.017–0.024, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 . . .
Over 0.024–0.034, incl 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.004 0.006 . .
Over 0.034–0.057, incl 0.004 0.004 0.0045 0.005 0.007 0.009 .
Over 0.057–0.082, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.010 0.012
Over 0.082–0.119, incl . 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.012 0.014
Over 0.119–0.164, incl . 0.009 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.016
Over 0.164–0.219, incl . 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.015 0.017 0.019
Over 0.219–0.283, incl . . 0.015 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.022
TABLE 3 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube—Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, in.
Wall Thickness, in. 1 5 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, Over ⁄8 to 1, Over 1 to 2, Over 2 to 4, Over 4 to 7, Over 7 to 10,
1 1
⁄32 to ⁄8, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.002 0.0025 0.003 . . .
Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 . . .
Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.004 0.006 . .
Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.004 0.004 0.0045 0.005 0.007 0.009 .
Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.010 0.012
Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.012 0.014
Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.009 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.016
Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl . 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.015 0.017 0.019
Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.015 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.022
A
In the case of rectangular tube the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.
5.4 Roundness (Applicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)—For drawn unannealed
tube in straight lengths, the roundness tolerances shall be as follows:
t/D Roundness Tolerance as Percent of Outside
(Ratio of Wall Thickness to Diameter (Expressed to the Nearest 0.001 in.)
Outside Diameter)
0.01–0.03, incl 1.5
Over 0.03–0.05, incl 1.0
Over 0.05–0.10, incl 0.8 or 0.002 in. whichever is greater
Over 0.10 0.7 or 0.002 in. whichever is greater
B251/B251M − 17
TABLE 4 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube—SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M)
NOTE 1—Maximum Deviation at Any Point—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the
values given.
A
Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, mm
Wall Thickness, mm
3.0 to 16, 16 to 25, 25 to 50, 50 to 100, 100 to 180, 180 to 250,
0.80 to 3.0, incl
incl incl incl incl incl incl
Up to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.08 . . .
Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.09 . . .
Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.15 . .
Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.25 .
Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.30
Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35
Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.25 0.25 0.28 0.30 0.36 0.40
Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.28 0.30 0.33 0.38 0.45 0.50
Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.38 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55
A
In the case of rectangular tube, the major dimension determines the thickness tolerance applicable to all walls.
TABLE 35 Average Diameter Tolerances for Copper and Copper-
A
Alloy Tube —Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M,
B135B135/B135M, and B743)
Specified Diameter, in. Tolerance, Plus and Minus, in.
Up to ⁄8, incl 0.002
1 5
Over ⁄8 – ⁄8, incl 0.002
1 5
Over ⁄8 to ⁄8, incl 0.002
Over ⁄8 – 1, incl 0.0025
Over ⁄8 to 1, incl 0.0025
Over 1–2, incl 0.003
Over 1 to 2, incl 0.003
Over 2–3, incl 0.004
Over 2 to 3, incl 0.004
Over 3–4, incl 0.005
Over 3 to 4, incl 0.005
Over 4–5, incl 0.006
Over 4 to 5, incl 0.006
Over 5–6, incl 0.007
Over 5 to 6, incl 0.007
Over 6–8, incl 0.008
Over 6 to 8, incl 0.008
Over 8–10, incl 0.010
Over 8 to 10, incl 0.010
A
Applicable to inside or outside diameter.
TABLE 6 Average Diameter Tolerances for Copper and Copper-
A
Alloy Tube —SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, and
B135/B135M)
Specified Diameter, mm Tolerance, Plus and Minus, mm
Up to 3.0, incl 0.05
Over 3.0 to 16, incl 0.05
Over 16 to 25, incl 0.06
Over 25 to 50, incl 0.08
Over 50 to 75, incl 0.10
Over 75 to 100, incl 0.12
Over 100 to 125, incl 0.15
Over 125 to 150, incl 0.18
Over 150 to 200, incl 0.20
Over 200 to 250, incl 0.25
A
Applicable to inside or outside diameter.
B251/B251M − 17
TABLE 47 Tolerances on Distance Between Parallel Surfaces for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square TubeTube—Inch-
Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B743)
NOTE 1—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the values given.
Dimension a or b (see sketches), in. Tolerances, in.
Up to ⁄8, incl 0.003
1 5
Over ⁄8 – ⁄8, incl 0.004
Over ⁄8 –1, incl 0.005
Over ⁄8 to 1, incl 0.005
Over 1–2, incl 0.006
Over 1 to 2, incl 0.006
Over 2–3, incl 0.007
Over 2 to 3, incl 0.007
Over 3–4, incl 0.008
Over 3 to 4, incl 0.008
Over 4–5, incl 0.009
Over 4 to 5, incl 0.009
Over 5–6, incl 0.010
Over 5 to 6, incl 0.010
Over 6–8, incl 0.011
Over 6 to 8, incl 0.011
Over 8–10, incl 0.012
Over 8 to 10, incl 0.012
Nominal dimension a determines tolerance applicable to both a and c.
Nominal dimension b determines tolerance applicable to both b and d.
TABLE 8 Tolerances on Distance Between Parallel Surfaces for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube—SI Values
(Applicable to Specifications B75/B75M and B135/B135M)
NOTE 1—The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the values given.
Dimension a or b (see sketches), mm Tolerances, mm
Up to 3.0, incl 0.08
Over 3.0 to 16, incl 0.10
Over 16 to 25, incl 0.12
Over 25 to 50, incl 0.15
Over 50 to 100, incl 0.20
Over 100 to 120, incl 0.25
Over 150 to 200, incl 0.30
Over 200 to 250, incl 0.30
t/D Roundness Tolerance as Percent of
(Ratio of Wall Thickness to Outside Diameter (Expressed to the
Outside Diameter) Nearest 0.001 in. [0.025 mm])
0.01 to 0.03, incl 1.5 [1.5]
Over 0.03 to 0.05, incl 1.0 [1.0]
Over 0.05 to 0.10, incl 0.8 or 0.002 in. [mm] whichever is greater
Over 0.10 0.7 or 0.002 in. [mm] whichever is greater
5.4.1 Compliance with the roundness tolerances shall be determined by taking measurements on the outside diameter only,
irrespective of the manner in which the tube dimensions are specified. The deviation from roundness is measured as the difference
between major and minor diameters as determined at any one cross section of the tube. The major and minor diameters are the
diameters of two concentric circles just enclosing the outside surface of the tube at the cross section.
5.4.2 No tolerances have been established for as-extruded tube, redraw tube, annealed tube, any tube furnished in coils or drawn
tube whose wall thickness is under 0.016 in. [0.4 mm].
5.5 Length Tolerances:
5.5.1 Straight Lengths—Length tolerances, straight lengths, applicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M,
B135B135/B135M, and B466/B466M shall be in accordance with Table 59 or Table 10.
5.5.2 Schedule of Tube Lengths—Specific and stock lengths of tube with ends, applicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M,
B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B466/B466M, shall be in accordance with Table 611 or Table 12. Tube in straight lengths
shall be furnished in stock lengths with ends, unless the order requires specific lengths or specific lengths with ends.
5.6 Squareness of Cut (Applicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)—For
tube in straight lengths, the departure from squareness of the end of any tube shall not exceed the following:
5.6.1 Round Tube:
B251/B251M − 17
TABLE 59 Length Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube,
Straight LengthsLengths—Inch-Pound Values
(Applicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M,
B135B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)
NOTE 1—Tolerances are all plus; if all minus tolerances are de
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