ASTM B135/B135M-17

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B135 − 10 B135/B135M − 17
Standard Specification for
Seamless Brass Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B135;B135/B135M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers seamless round and rectangular including square copper alloy tube in straight lengths. Ten alloys
are specified having the following nominal compositions:
Copper Previously Nominal Composition, %
Alloy Used
UNS Designa-
2 A
No. tion Copper Zinc Lead Tin
2 A
UNS No. Designation Copper Zinc Lead Tin
C22000 7 90.0 10.0 . .
C23000 1 85.0 15.0 . .
C26000 2 70.0 30.0 . .
C27000 9 65.0 35.0 . .
C27200 8 63.0 37.0 . .
C27400 . 62.5 37.5 . .
C28000 5 60.0 40.0 . .
C33000 3 66.0 33.5 0.5 .
C33200 4 66.0 32.4 1.6 .
C37000 6 60.0 39.0 1.0 .
C44300 . 71.5 27.5 . 1.00
A
Alloy Designations of Specification B135 – 63, which was published in the 1966 Book of ASTM Standards, Part 5.
1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion to SpecificationThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are
to be B135M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from
the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many stateregulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that
can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been
demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and
mercury-containing mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and
EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may
be prohibited by state law. (See 10.1.)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe and
Tube.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2010November 2017. Originally approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 20082010
as B135 – 08a.B135 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/B0135-10.10.1520/B0135_B0135M-17.
The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition of a
prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate composition variations of the base alloy.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B135/B135M − 17
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing
B154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper Alloys
B251B251/B251M Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube (Metric)
B0251_B0251M
B601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
B858 Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for Determining Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Copper Alloys
B968/B968M Test Method for Flattening of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tube
E243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 capable of—the test need not be performed by the producer of the material. However, if subsequent testing by the
purchaser establishes that the material does not meet these requirements, the material shall be subject to rejection.
3.1 For terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under the specification shall include the following information:
4.1.1 Alloy (Section 1),
4.1.2 Temper (Section 7),
4.1.3 Whether tension tests are required (for drawn tempers only (see 8.1)),
4.1.4 Dimensions: diameter or distance between parallel surfaces and wall thickness (see 11.2 and 11.3),
4.1.5 Length (see 12.4),
4.1.6 Mercurous nitrate test, Stress Corrosion Resistance Testing, if required (Section 10),
4.1.7 Total length of each size,
4.1.8 Hydrostatic pressure test, when specified, and
4.1.9 Pneumatic test, when specified.
5. General Requirements
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Specification B251B251/B251M.
5.2 The following sections of Specification B251/B251M constitute a part of this specification:
5.2.1 Terminology
5.2.2 Materials and Manufacture
5.2.3 Dimensions and Permissible Variations
5.2.4 Sampling
5.2.5 Number of Tests and Retests
5.2.6 Specimen Preparation
5.2.7 Certification
5.2.8 Test Reports
5.3 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that referenced in 5.1, above, appears in this specification, it contains
additional requirements which supplement those appearing in Specification B251/B251M.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The material shall conform to the chemical requirements specified in Table 1.
6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits for unnamed elements are to be established
by agreement between manufacturer or supplier and purchaser.
6.2.1 For copper alloys in which zinc is specifiedlisted as the remainder, “remainder,” either copper or zinc shallmay be taken
as the difference between the sum of all results of all other elements determined and 100 %. When all elements in Table 1the
elements analyzed and 100 %. are determined, the sum of the results shall be as shown in the following table:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
B135/B135M − 17
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition,%
Copper Alloy UNS No.
Copper Lead Arsenic Tin Iron, max Zinc
C22000 89.0–91.0 0.05 max . . 0.05 remainder
C23000 84.0–86.0 0.05 max . . 0.05 remainder
C26000 68.5–71.5 0.07 max . . 0.05 remainder
C27000 63.0–68.5 0.09 max . . 0.07 remainder
C27200 62.0–65.0 0.07 max . . 0.07 remainder
C27400 61.0–64.0 0.09 max . . 0.05 remainder
C28000 59.0–63.0 0.09 max . . 0.07 remainder
A
C33000 65.0–68.0 0.25 –0.7 . . 0.07 remainder
C33200 65.0–68.0 1.5–2.5 . . 0.07 remainder
C37000 59.0–62.0 0.9–1.4 . . 0.15 remainder
C44300 70.0–73.0 0.07 max 0.02–0.06 0.9–1.2 0.06 remainder
A
In the case of Copper Alloy UNS No. C33000 on tube sizes greater than 5 in. in outside diameter, or distance between outside parallel surfaces, the lead content shall
be 0.7 % maximum, no minimum is specified.
Copper Plus Named
Copper Alloy UNS No.
Elements, % min
C22000 99.8
C23000 99.8
C26000 99.7
C27000 99.7
C27200 99.7
C27400 99.7
C28000 99.7
C33000 99.6
C33200 99.6
C37000 99.6
C44300 99.6
6.2.1.1 When all the elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be as shown in the following table.
Copper Plus Named
Copper Alloy UNS No. Elements, % min
C22000 99.8
C23000 99.8
C26000 99.7
C27000 99.7
C27200 99.7
C27400 99.7
C28000 99.7
C33000 99.6
C33200 99.6
C37000 99.6
C44300 99.6
7. Temper
7.1 Drawn Tempers, H—The tempers of drawn tube shall be designated as light-drawn (H55), drawn (H58), and hard-drawn
(H80) (see Table 2Tables 2 and 3). Light-drawn (bending) temper is used only when a tube of some stiffness but yet capable of
being bent is needed. Drawn temper is for general purposes and is most commonly used where there is no specific requirement
for high strength on the one hand or for bending qualities on the other. Hard-drawn temper is used only where there is need for
a tube as strong as is commercially feasible for the sizes indicated. For any combination of diameter and wall thickness not covered
under hard-drawn temper, the values given for drawn temper shall be used. Rectangular including square tubes shall normally be
supplied only in drawn (general-purpose) temper. When there is a need for light-drawn or hard-drawn tempers these are to be
supplied as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
7.2 Annealed Tempers, O—The tempers of annealed tube shall be designated as light anneal (O50) and soft anneal (O60) (Table
3Tables 4 and 5).
NOTE 1—Tube of Copper Alloy UNS No. C23000, when specified to meet the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, shall have
in the annealed condition a minimum tensile strength of 40 ksi [275 MPa] and a minimum yield strength of 12 ksi [80 MPa] at 0.5 % extension under
load, in which case the provisions for grain size and Rockwell hardness in 8.2 do not apply.
8. Mechanical Properties
8.1 Drawn Temper—Tube shall conform to the mechanical properties prescribed in Table 2Tables 2 and 3. Tension tests are
required for tubes with a wall thickness under 0.020 in. [50 mm] and for round tubes having an inside diameter under ⁄16 in. [8.0
mm] and for rectangular including square tubes having a major distance between inside parallel surfaces under ⁄16 in. [5.0 mm].
B135/B135M − 17
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn Temper Tube Tube—Inch-Pound Values
Outside Diameter, in.
A
Temper Designation
Tensile
Rockwell
or Major Distance
C
Copper Alloy UNS No. Wall Thickness, inin. Strength Hardness
Between Outside
B
30T
ksi
Standard Former
Parallel Surfaces, in.
C22000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 40 min 38 min
D
C22000 H80 hard drawn up to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 52 min 55 min
D
C22000 H80 hard drawn over 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 52 min 55 min
D
C22000 H80 hard drawn over 2 to 4, incl 0.060 to 0.250, incl 52 min 55 min
D
C23000 H55 light drawn all all 44–58 43–75
C23000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 44 min 43 min
D
C23000 H80 hard drawn up to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 57 min 65 min
D
C23000 H80 hard drawn over 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 57 min 65 min
D
C23000 H80 hard drawn over 2 to 4, incl 0.0605 to 0.250, incl 57 min 65 min
C26000, C27000, C27200, H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 53 min
C27400, C33000,
and C33200
C26000, C27000, C27200, H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 53 min
C27400, C33000,
and
C33200
D
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn up to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 66 min 70 min
C27400, C33000,
and C33200
D
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn up to 1, incl 0.020 to 0.120, incl 66 min 70 min
C27400, C33000,
and
C33200
D
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn over 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 66 min 70 min
C27400, C33000,
and C33200
D
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn over 1 to 2, incl 0.035 to 0.180, incl 66 min 70 min
C27400, C33000,
and
C33200
D
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn over 2 to 4, incl 0.060 to 0.250, incl 66 min 70 min
C27400, C33000,
and C33200
D
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn over 2 to 4, incl 0.060 to 0.250, incl 66 min 70 min
C27400, C33000,
and
C33200
C28000 and H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 55 min
C37000
C28000 and H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 55 min
C37000
C44300 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 54 min 53 min
D
C44300 H80 hard drawn all all 66 min 70 min
A
Standard designations defined in Classification B601.
B
ksi = 1000 psi.
C
Rockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.012 in. or over and to round tubes having an inside diameter of ⁄16 in. or over and to
rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of ⁄16 in. or over. Rockwell hardness shall be made on the inside surface
of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell scales and values shall be specified subject to
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
D
Light-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are available in round-tube only.
The tension test for other sizes of tubes need not be made except when indicated by the purchaser at the time of placing the order.
A convenient method of indicating that the tension test is required is to specify that “Test procedure ’T’ is required” (see 4.1.3).
When agreement on the Rockwell hardness tests cannot be reached, the tensile strength requirements of Table 2 shall be the basis
for acceptance or rejection.
8.2 Annealed Temper—Tube shall conform to the grain size and Rockwell hardness limits prescribed in Table 3Tables 4 and
5.
9. Expansion Test for Round Tube
9.1 Tube ordered in the annealed (O) condition, selected for test, shall be capable of withstanding in accordance with Test
Method B153 an expansion of the outside diameter in the following amount:
B135/B135M − 17
TABLE 3 Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn Temper Tube—SI Values
Outside Diameter, mm
A
Temper Designation
Tensile
Rockwell
or Major Distance
B
Copper Alloy UNS No. Wall Thickness, mm Strength, Hardness
Between Outside
30T
MPa
Standard Former
Parallel Surfaces, mm
C22000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 275 min 38 min
C
C22000 H80 hard drawn up to 25, incl 0.050 to 3.0, incl 360 min 55 min
C
C22000 H80 hard drawn over 25 to 40, incl 0.090 to 5.50, incl 360 min 55 min
C
C22000 H80 hard drawn over 50 to 100, incl 1.5 to 6.0, incl 360 min 55 min
C
C23000 H55 light drawn all all 305–400 43–75
C23000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 305 min 43 min
C
C23000 H80 hard drawn up to 25, incl 0.050 to 3.0, incl 395 min 65 min
C
C23000 H80 hard drawn over 25 to 50, incl 0.090 to 5.0, incl 395 min 65 min
C
C23000 H80 hard drawn over 50 to 100, incl 1.5 to 6.0, incl 395 min 65 min
C26000, C27000, C27200, H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 370 min 53 mm
C27400, C33000, and
C33200
C
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn up to 25, incl 0.050 to 3.0, incl 455 min 70 min
C27400, C33000, and
C33200
C
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn over 25 to 50, incl 0.090 to 5.0, incl 455 min 70 min
C27400, C33000, and
C33200
C
C26000, C27000, C27200, H80 hard drawn over 50 to 100, incl 1.5 to 6.0, incl 455 min 70 min
C27400, C33000, and
C33200
C28000 and C37000 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 370 min 55 min
C44300 H58 drawn (general purpose) all all 370 min 53 min
C
C44300 H80 hard drawn all all 455 min 70 min
A
Standard designations defined in Classification B601.
B
Rockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.30 mm or over and to round tubes having an inside diameter of 8.0 mm or over and to
rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of 5.0 mm or over. Rockwell hardness shall be made on the inside surface
of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell scales and values shall be specified.
C
Light-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are available in round tube only.
Expansion of Outside
Outside Diameter, in.
Diameter, %
⁄4 and under 20
Over ⁄4 15
The expanded tube shall show no cracking or rupture visible to the unaided eye. Tube ordered in the drawn (H) condition is not
subject to this test.
NOTE 2—The term “unaided eye,” as used herein, permits the use of corrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision.
9.2 As an alternative to the expansion test for tube over 4 in. [100 mm] in diameter in the annealed condition, a 4 in. in length
shall be cut fromcondition shall be Test Method B968/B968Mthe end of one of the lengths for a flattening test. This 4-in. test
specimen shall be flattened so that a gage set at three times the wall thickness will pass over the tube freely throughout the flattened
part. The tube so tested shall develop no cracks or flaws visible to the unaided eye (.Note 2) as a result of this test. In making the
flattening test the elements shall be slowly flattened by one stroke of the press.
9.3 Drawn temper tube shall not be required to withstand these tests.
10. Mercurous Nitrate Test
10.1 Warning—Mercury is a definite health hazard. Use equipment for the detection and removal of mercury vapor. Wear
rubber gloves when conducting the test.
10.2 When specifically required, test specime
...