ASTM A473-23a

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A473 − 23 A473 − 23a
Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A473; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers austenitic, austenitic-ferritic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steel forgings for general use, and for
low- or high-temperature service.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 Supplementary requirements from Specification A788/A788M may be specified when additional testing, inspection, or
processing is required.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
A1058 Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products—Metric
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 SAE Standard:
SAE J1086 Numbering Metals and Alloys
3. Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023Sept. 1, 2023. Published April 2023September 2023. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20212023
as A473A473 – 23.-21. DOI: 10.1520/A0473-23.10.1520/A0473-23A.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A473 − 23a
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces);
3.1.2 Dimensions, including prints or sketches;
3.1.3 Name of material (stainless steel forgings);
3.1.4 Type or UNS designation (Table 1);
3.1.5 Condition (Table 2); and
3.1.6 ASTM designation and date of issue;
3.1.7 Test for magnetic permeability, if specified by customer purchase order when ordering Types 207 and 205; and
3.1.8 Special requirements.
3.2 If possible, the intended end use of the item should be given on the purchase order, especially when the item is ordered for
a specific end use or uses.
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5 stainless steel forgings, Type 410, Designation A, ASTM Specification A473 dated ______. End
use: pump blocks for oil well equipment.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlines
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,
product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
4.2 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, the requirements
of this specification shall prevail.
5. Manufacture
5.1 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots or blooms, billets, slabs, or bars, either forged or rolled from an ingot, and cut to
the required length by a suitable process.
A473 − 23a
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
UNS Manga- Phos- Other
Type Carbon, Sulfur, Silicon, Chromium, Nickel, Molyb- Nitrogen,
Desig- nese, phorus, Elements,
Number % % % % % denum, % %
B
nation % % %
Austenitic Grades
S20100 201 0.15 5.5–7.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 3.5–5.5 . . . 0.25
S20200 202 0.15 7.5–10.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 4.0–6.0 . . . 0.25
S20500 205 0.12–0.25 14.0–15.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 16.5–18.0 1.00–1.75 . . . 0.32–0.40
S21900 XM-10 0.08 8.0–10.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.0–21.5 5.5–7.5 . . . 0.15–0.40
S21904 XM-11 0.04 8.0–10.0 0.060 0.030 1.00 19.0–21.5 5.5–7.5 . . . 0.15–0.40
S28200 . . . 0.15 17.0–19.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 . . . 0.75–1.25 0.40–0.60 Cu 0.75–1.25
S30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 . . . 0.10
S30215 302B 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 2.00–3.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 . . . . . .
C
S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 0.60 . . .
S30323 303 Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.06 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 . . . . . . Se 0.15 min
S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–11.0 . . . 0.10
S30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 . . . 0.10
S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 10.5–13.0 . . . . . .
S30800 308 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0–21.0 10.0–12.0 . . . . . .
S30815 . . . 0.10 0.80 0.040 0.030 1.40–2.00 20.0–22.0 10.0–12.0 . . . 0.14–0.20 Ce 0.03–0.08
S30900 309 0.20 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 . . . . . .
S30908 309S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 . . . . . .
S31000 310 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . . . .
S31008 310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . . . .
S31254 . . . 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5–20.5 17.5–18.5 6.0–6.5 0.18–0.25 Cu 0.50–1.00
S31400 314 0.25 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.50–3.00 23.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 . . . . . .
S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 0.10
S31603 316L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 2.00–3.00 0.10
S31700 317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 3.0–4.0 0.10
S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 . . . . . . Ti 5×C min
S34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–13.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10×C,
D
min
S34800 348 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–13.0 . . . . . . Cb+Ta 10×C,
D
min
Ta 0.10
Co 0.20
Austenitic-Ferritic Grades
E
S32550 . . . 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 24.0-27.0 4.5-6.5 2.9-3.9 0.10-0.25 Cu 1.50–2.50
E
S32760 . . . 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 24.0–26.0 6.0–8.0 3.0–4.0 0.20–0.30 Cu 0.50–1.00
W 0.50–1.00
S32950 . . . 0.03 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 26.0–29.0 3.5–5.2 1.00–2.50 0.15–0.35
Ferritic Grades
S40500 405 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–14.5 0.60 . . . . . . A1 0.10–0.30
S42900 429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.0–16.0 0.75 . . . . . .
S43000 430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 0.75 . . . . . .
C
S43020 430F 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.15 min 1.00 16.0–18.0 0.75 0.60 . . .
S43023 430F Se 0.12 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 16.0–18.0 0.75 . . . . . . Se 0.15 min
S44600 446 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.0–27.0 0.75 . . . 0.25
Martensitic Grades
S40300 403 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.50 11.5–13.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 0.75 . . . . . . . . .
S41008 410S 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 0.75 . . . . . . . . .
S41400 414 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 1.25–2.50 . . . . . . . . .
S41425 . . . 0.05 0.50–1.00 0.020 0.005 0.50 12.0–15.0 4.0–7.0 1.50–2.00 0.06–0.12 Cu 0.30
F
S41500 0.05 0.5–1.0 0.030 0.030 0.60 11.5–14.0 3.5–5.5 0.40–0.80 . . .
C
S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.15 min 1.00 12.0–14.0 . . . 0.60 . . .
S41623 416 Se 0.15 1.25 0.06 0.06 1.00 12.0–14.0 . . . . . . . . . Se 0.15 min
S42000 420 Over 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 12.0–14.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0–17.0 1.25–2.50 . . . . . . . . .
S44002 440A 0.60–0.75 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 . . . 0.75 . . .
S44003 440B 0.75–0.95 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 . . . 0.75 . . .
S44004 440C 0.95–1.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 . . . 0.75 . . .
A
Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C
At manufacturer’s option; reported only when intentionally added.
D
Columbium (Cb) and Niobium (Nb) are alternate names for element 41 in the Periodic Table of the Elements.
E
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N $ 40.
F
Wrought version of CA6NM.
A473 − 23a
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
Elongation Brinell
Reduction
Yield Strength, min, Tensile Strength, min, in 2 in. Hardness
Type Condition of Area,
A
ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa) (50 mm) or Number,
min, %
4D, min % max
Austenitic Grades
201, 302, 302B, 303, 303SE, 305, 308, 309, A 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .
309S, 310, 310S, 314, 317, 321, 347, 348
202 A 45 (310) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .
205 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 40 50 . . .
304 and 316, Sections 5 in. (127 mm) and A 30 (205) 75 (515) 40 50 . . .
Under
304 and 316, Sections Over 5 in. (127 mm) A 30 (205) 70 (485) 40 50 . . .
304L and 316L A 25 (170) 65 (450) 40 50 . . .
XM-10 and XM-11 A 50 (345) 90 (620) 45 60 . . .
S28200 A 60 (415) 110 (760) 40 55 . . .
S30815 A 45 (310) 87 (600) 40 50 . . .
S31254 A 44 (300) 95 (650) 35 50 . . .
Austenitic-Ferritic Grades
S32550 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25.0 . . . 290
S32950 A 70 (480) 100 (690) 15 . . . 293
S32760 A 80 (550) 109 (750) 25 . . . 290
Ferritic Grades
430F, 430FSE, 446 A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223
405 A 30 (205) 60 (415) 20 45 207
429 A 35 (240) 65 450) 23 45 207
430 A 35 (240) 70 (485) 20 45 217
Martensitic Grades
403, 410, 416, 416SE A 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223
403, 410 1 40 (275) 70 (485) 20 45 223
2 85 (585) 110 (760) 15 45 269
3 100 (690) 130 (895) 12 35 331
410S A 35 (240) 65 (450) 22 45 217
414 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
T 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 321
H 100 (690) 125 (860) 15 45 321
S41425 T 95 (655) 120 (825) 15 45 321
S41500 normalized and 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 45 295
tempered
420 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
B
431 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
T 90 (620) 115 (795) 15 . . . 321
H 135 (930) 175 (1210) 13 . . . 440
440A, 440B, 440C A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
A
Yield strength shall be determined by the 0.2 % offset method in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370. An alternative method of determining yield strength
may be used based on a total extension under load of 0.5 %.
B
Type 431 forgings of designation A, when specified, shall be capable of meeting the above mechanical property requirements of designation T after oil quenching from
1800 °F to 1900 °F (980 °C to 1038 °C) and tempering at not less than 1100 °F (595 °C), or designation H when oil quenched from 1850 °F to 1950 °F (1010 °C to 1065 °C)
and tempered at not more than 700 °F (370 °C).
5.2 The material shall be forged by hammering, pressing, rolling, extruding, or upsetting. It shall be brought as nearly as possible
to the finished shape and size by hot-working;hot-working and shall be processed, if practicable, so as to cause metal-flow during
the hot-working operation in the direction most favorable for resisting the stresses encountered in service as may be indicated to
the manufacturer by the purchaser.
A473 − 23a
5.3 When specified on the order, a sample forging may be sectioned and etched to show flow lines and the condition as regards
internal imperfections. When so spe
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