ASTM C1228-96(2023)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparing Coupons for Flexural and Washout Tests on Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Standard Practice for Preparing Coupons for Flexural and Washout Tests on Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Flexural strengths, as determined by Test Method C947, are used for quality control and design of GFRC products and may be used to verify compliance with specifications and to collect data in research and development programs. It is, therefore, important that coupons be prepared according to a standard practice. The coupons are used to make test specimens for Test Method C947 and for Test Method C1229 to determine the amount of glass fiber reinforcement per unit volume of GFRC for quality control purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers preparation of test coupons to be used in tests of plant manufactured thin-section glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Apr-2023
- Technical Committee
- C27 - Precast Concrete Products
- Drafting Committee
- C27.40 - Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2009
- Effective Date
- 10-Jun-2003
- Effective Date
- 10-Jan-1999
- Effective Date
- 15-Oct-1994
Overview
ASTM C1228-96(2023) is the established standard practice for preparing coupons for flexural and washout tests on glass fiber-reinforced concrete (GFRC). Developed by ASTM International, this standard guides manufacturers and testing laboratories in producing standardized test specimens (coupons) from plant-manufactured thin-section GFRC panels. Accurate preparation of coupons ensures consistency and reliability in flexural strength and glass fiber content tests such as ASTM C947 and ASTM C1229, thereby supporting quality control, specification compliance, and research in GFRC manufacturing.
Key Topics
- Test Coupon Preparation: Outlines requirements for creating standardized coupons from GFRC panels, including dimensions, form material, and surface finishing.
- Consistent Procedures: Emphasizes preparing the coupons using production-equivalent methods-excluding mist coats or face mixes-to ensure test results accurately reflect actual product properties.
- Apparatus Guidelines: Specifies tools and equipment, such as rectangular molds, steel trowels, serrated rollers, and strike-off bars, essential for uniformity and reproducibility.
- Curing Conditions: Requires curing of the sample panels in alignment with production practices to ensure representative test results.
- Identification and Retention: Instructs on coding samples and retaining them per ASTM C947 requirements for tracing and quality management.
- Safety and Compliance: Reminds users to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental procedures, as this standard does not address all potential hazards.
Applications
ASTM C1228-96(2023) serves multiple practical applications in the precast GFRC industry:
- Quality Control: Ensures that flexural strength and glass fiber content testing of GFRC products are consistent, reliable, and traceable.
- Specification Compliance: Manufacturers use this standard to verify products meet contract or regulatory requirements through standardized testing processes.
- Product Design: Enables engineers and designers to use accurate test data in the development and optimization of GFRC products for construction applications such as panels, cladding, and architectural features.
- Research and Development: Provides a consistent basis for academic and industrial research programs seeking to improve or innovate GFRC formulations or processes.
By ensuring that test coupons reflect the true characteristics of the produced GFRC, this standard supports significant reductions in variability between tests, enhancing reliability in data and final product performance.
Related Standards
- ASTM C947 - Test Method for Flexural Properties of Thin-Section Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: Defines the methods for determining the flexural strength of GFRC products using test coupons prepared in accordance with ASTM C1228.
- ASTM C1229 - Test Method for Determination of Glass Fiber Content in Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) (Wash-Out Test): Specifies the process for measuring the amount of glass fiber reinforcement in GFRC using coupons prepared per this standard.
- General ASTM Standards: All procedures adhere to internationally recognized standardization practices, ensuring global consistency and acceptance in testing and quality assurance.
Keywords: ASTM C1228, GFRC, glass fiber reinforced concrete, flexural test, washout test, coupon preparation, quality control, ASTM C947, ASTM C1229, construction materials standards, precast concrete testing, fiber-reinforced concrete.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM C1228-96(2023) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice for Preparing Coupons for Flexural and Washout Tests on Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 Flexural strengths, as determined by Test Method C947, are used for quality control and design of GFRC products and may be used to verify compliance with specifications and to collect data in research and development programs. It is, therefore, important that coupons be prepared according to a standard practice. The coupons are used to make test specimens for Test Method C947 and for Test Method C1229 to determine the amount of glass fiber reinforcement per unit volume of GFRC for quality control purposes. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers preparation of test coupons to be used in tests of plant manufactured thin-section glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC). 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 Flexural strengths, as determined by Test Method C947, are used for quality control and design of GFRC products and may be used to verify compliance with specifications and to collect data in research and development programs. It is, therefore, important that coupons be prepared according to a standard practice. The coupons are used to make test specimens for Test Method C947 and for Test Method C1229 to determine the amount of glass fiber reinforcement per unit volume of GFRC for quality control purposes. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers preparation of test coupons to be used in tests of plant manufactured thin-section glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC). 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM C1228-96(2023) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM C1228-96(2023) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM C947-03(2009), ASTM C1229-94(2009), ASTM C947-03, ASTM C947-99, ASTM C1229-94(2001). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM C1228-96(2023) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1228 − 96 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice for
Preparing Coupons for Flexural and Washout Tests on
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1228; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope may be used to verify compliance with specifications and to
collect data in research and development programs. It is,
1.1 This practice covers preparation of test coupons to be
therefore, important that coupons be prepared according to a
used in tests of plant manufactured thin-section glass fiber
standard practice. The coupons are used to make test specimens
reinforced concrete (GFRC).
for Test Method C947 and for Test Method C1229 to determine
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the amount of glass fiber reinforcement per unit volume of
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
GFRC for quality control purposes.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
4. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Form—The form shall be rectangular in shape; made
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
from wood, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), GFRC, or steel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
with dimensions of ⁄2 in. (13 mm) deep by 18 in. (450 mm)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
wide and 48 in. (1200 mm) long.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Steel Trowel, at least 20 in. (500 mm) long.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.3 Serrated Roller, with handle.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.4 Strike-Off Bar (screed), at least 20 in. (500 mm) long,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
for leveling and thickness control of specimens.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 5. Sampling
5.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with governing speci-
2. Referenced Documents
fications.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C947 Test Method for Flexural Properties of Thin-Section
6. Procedure
Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Using Simple Beam
6.1 For plant manufactured product quality control
With Third-Point Loading)
purposes, spray the glass fiber reinforced material into the test
C1229 Test Method for Determination of Glass Fiber Con-
form using the same method as used in production. The
tent in Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) (Wash-
methods and conditions should be the same as for pr
...
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