ASTM A1069/A1069M-23

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A1069/A1069M − 19 A1069/A1069M − 23
Standard Specification for
Stainless Steel Laser and Laser Hybrid Welded Stainless
Steel Bars, Plates, and Sharp-Cornered Profile (SCP), and
Built-up Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1069/A1069M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers laser and laser hybrid welded austenitic, ferritic, and duplex (ferritic-austenitic) stainless steel bars,
plates, and sharp-cornered profile (SCP), and built-up shapes of structural quality for use in bolted or welded structural
applications. SCP and built-up shapes are used in, but not limited to, the following applications: industrial and general structural
applications like buildings, including architecturally exposed steel structures (AESS); architectural steel profiles, such as curtain
wall and staircases.
NOTE 1—The term laser fusion is also used to describe laser welding.
1.1.1 Supplementary requirements (S1, S2, S3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified by the
purchaser.
NOTE 2—Since the product covered by this specification is manufactured in small lots on dedicated production lines, minimum product quality
requirements are ensured by requiring welding process specification and operator qualification at each manufacturing facility in accordance with AWS,
ASME, or ISO requirements. If required, the purchaser can specify higher levels of weld inspection; supplementary requirements for mechanical and
corrosion testing; and other requirements.
NOTE 3—Because of the varying requirements of the end-use applications, different length tolerance and weld inspection levels may be specified.
1.2 Shapes covered in this specification include those classifieddefined in Article 3.1.2 of Specification A6/A6M, Specification
A554square and rectangular hollow sections, and additional shapes, including customized, that are made from two or more shapes
or plates.shapes, plates, bar, sheet, or strip.
1.3 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for manufacturing of laser and laser hybrid welded stainless steel
shapes.shapes and requires the welds to, at a minimum, match the tensile and yield strength of the base metal. If base metals of
different strengths are used, the lower strength base metal shall be matched.
1.4 This specification refers to Specifications A240/A240M, A276/A276M, A554, or A479/A479M for chemical requirements,
but the mechanical test requirements are determined by the mechanical properties section of this standard. This standard includes
four strength grades. The default strength grade 1 is determined by the base metal standard. Grades 2 through 4 are for specification
of higher strength levels.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17
on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019Dec. 1, 2023. Published October 2019December 2023. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20162019
as A1069/A1069M – 16.A1069/A1069M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/A1069_A1069M-19.10.1520/A1069_A1069M-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A1069/A1069M − 23
1.5 The text of this specification contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes,
excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements.
1.6 Units—This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract
specifies the applicable M specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either
SIinch-pound units or inch-poundSI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in
brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of
the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A276/A276M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A380/A380M Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
A479/A479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, Shapes, and Forgings
A554 Specification for Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing
A673/A673M Specification for Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural Steel
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A1084 Test Method for Detecting Detrimental Phases in Lean Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
E164 Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Weldments
E190 Test Method for Guided Bend Test for Ductility of Welds
E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 ANSI/AISC Standard:
ANSI/AISC 370 Specification for Structural Stainless Steel Buildings
2.3 ISO Standards:
ISO 13919-14063 Welding and Laser-beam Welded Joints-guidance on Quality Levels for Imperfections—Part 1: Steelallied
processes - Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers
ISO 11666 Non-destructive testing of welds – Ultrasonic testing – Acceptance levels
ISO 12932 Welding – Laser-arc hybrid welding of steels, nickel and nickel alloys – Quality levels for imperfections
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
FIG. 1 Butt-welded Test Pieces Are Laser or Laser-Hybrid Welded and Then Subsequently Machined Into Tensile Test Bars and Root-
bend Test Specimens (Not to Scale)
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland,
https://www.iso.org.
A1069/A1069M − 23
ISO 406313919-1 Welding and allied processes - Nomenclature of processes and reference numbersLaser-beam Welded
Joints-guidance on Quality Levels for Imperfections—Part 1: Steel
ISO 15609-4 Specification and Qualification of Welding Procedures for Metallic Materials—Welding Procedure Specification
ISO 15609-6 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials -- Welding procedure specification --
Part Qualification of Welding Procedures for Metallic Materials—Welding procedure specification—Part 6: Laser-arc hybrid
welding
ISO 15614-11 Specification and Qualification of Welding Procedures for Metallic Materials—Welding Procedure Test—Part 11:
Electron and Laser Beam Welding
ISO 15614-14 Specification and Qualification of Welding Procedures for Metallic Materials—Welding Procedure Test— Part
14: Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Steels, Nickel and Nickel Alloys
ISO 17640 Non-destructive testing of welds—Ultrasonic testing—Techniques, testing levels, and assessment
2.4 U.S. Military EN Standards:
MIL-STD-129EN 10204 Marking for Shipment and StorageMetallic Products: Types of Inspection Documents
2.5 Federal Standards:
Federal Standard No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.6 AWS Standards:
AWS A3.0M/A3.0 Standard Welding Terms and Definition, Including Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Thermal Cutting,
and Thermal Spraying
AWS D1.6/D1.6M Structural Welding Code – Stainless Steel
AWS C7.2M Recommended Practices for Laser Beam Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
AWS C7.4/C7.4M Process Specification and Operator Qualification for Laser Beam Welding
AWS C7.6/C7.6M Process Specification and Operator Qualification for Laser Hybrid Welding
2.7 ASME Standards:
ASME SA-370
ASME BPVC.IX-2019 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX: Welding and Brazing Qualifications
2.8 SAE Standard:
J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Definitions of general terms pertaining to this specification shall be those of Specification A6/A6M, “Specification for
General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling” and Terminology A941, “Standard
Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys.”
3.1.2 Definitions of terms pertaining to welding terminology shall be those of AWS A3.0M /A3.0, “Standard Welding Terms and
Definition, Including Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying.”
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered to this
specification. Such requirements shall include but are not limited to the following:
4.1.1 Name of structural product.product (laser or laser-hybrid welded stainless steel, sharp cornered profile [SCP], or built-up
shape).
4.1.2 Shape designation and applicable dimensions including size, thickness, width, diameter, and length,sharp or rounded corners,
and diameter, if applicable.
4.1.3 UNS designation.
Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Phila., PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130, Miami, FL 33166-6672, http://www.aws.org.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
A1069/A1069M − 23
NOTE 4—Stainless steel alloys are identified in the ASTM standards by Unified Numbering System (UNS) number in accordance with Practice E527 and
SAE J1086.
4.1.4 Quantity (weight or number of pieces).
4.1.5 ASTM specification designation and edition year if other than the latest edition.
4.1.6 Condition of welded product, whether as welded, or subsequently stress-relieved, or heat treated.treated; default is as welded.
4.1.7 Finish in accordance with Section 9.; default is descaled and passivated.
4.1.8 Length(s) (meters [feet]) and length tolerance level (L1, L2, L3 or L4; default is L1).
4.1.9 Welding procedure and operator qualification requirements (specify ASME, AWS, or ISO [see Section 12]; default, if not
specified, is at manufacturer’s discretion).
4.1.10 Strength grade level [1, 2, 3, or 4]; default is strength grade 1.
4.2 The purchaser has the option to specify additional requirements,requirements: including but not limited to the following:
4.2.1 Supplementary Requirements,requirements, if invoked.
4.2.1.1 S1. Charpy V-notch Impact Test for Structural Shapes.
4.2.1.2 S2. Drop-weight Test (for Material 0.625 in. [16 mm] and Over in Thickness).
4.2.1.3 S3. Intergranular Corrosion Test.
4.2.2 Weld inspection Level (W1, W2, W3, or W4; default is W1).
4.2.3 Provide copy of process welding procedure and operator qualification certification.
4.2.4 Burr removal.
4.2.5 End condition.
4.2.6 Preparation for special delivery.
4.2.7 Special marking requirements.
4.2.8 Other special requirements.
NOTE 5—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb (2300 kg), 5000 lb, sharp cornered, Angle, L4 × 4 × ⁄2 in. (L100 × 100 × 13 mm), in., laser
or laser hybrid welded, 20 ft (6 m) in length, UNS S30403 Type 304L, ASTM Specification AXXXX dated ____.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The stainless steel plate, bar, sheet, or strip used to produce A1069/A1069M shapes shall conform with the requirements of
the following specifications:
5.1.1 Plate, sheet, and strip shall conform to the requirements of Specification A480/A480M and the chemical composition
requirements of Specification A240/A240M.
5.1.2 Bars and shapes shall conform to the requirements of Specification A484/A484M and the chemical composition
requirements of Specification A276/A276M.
5.1.3 Bars and shapes for use in boilers and other pressure vessels shall conform to the requirements of Specification
A484/A484M and the chemical composition requirements of Specification A479/A479M.
A1069/A1069M − 23
5.2 The supplier of the steel plate, bar, sheet, or strip shall be required to provide test reports documenting compliance with the
raw material requirements. The stainless steel plate, sheet, or strip manufacturer’s test report shall be considered sufficient evidence
of the composition and strength of the base metal.
5.3 Products complying with this standard shall be manufactured by welding steel plate, bar, sheet, or strip using the laser beam
or laser hybrid welding process. The welds shall be designed to develop the shear and tensile strength of the thinner of the plates
joined or, if the steels are of different strengths, the lower strength steel.
5.4 Condition:Welding:
5.1.1 The stainless steel purchased to produce A1069/A1069M shapes shall be in accordance with the requirements of the
following specifications.
5.1.1.1 Mechanical Properties:
(1) If strength Grade 1 is specified, then the mechanical properties shall be in accordance with the appropriate specification,
either Specification A240/A240M, A276/A276M, or Specification A479/A479M.
(2) If austenitic stainless steel strength Grade 2 is specified then the purchased material shall meet the minimum mechanical
property requirements in Table 1.
(3) If UNS S32205 (2205) duplex stainless steel strength Grade 3 is specified then the purchased material shall meet those
minimum mechanical property requirements in Table 1.
(4) If super duplex strength Grade 4 is specified, as defined in the footnote F of Table 1, then the purchased material shall meet
the minimum mechanical property requirements in Table 1.
5.1.1.2 General and Chemical Requirements:
(1) Plate, sheet, and strip shall conform to the requirements of Specification A480/A480M and the chemical requirements of
Specification A240/A240M.
(2) Bars and shapes shall conform to the requirements of Specification A484/A484M and the chemical requirements of
Specification A276/A276M.
(3) Bars and shapes for use in boilers and other pressure vessels shall conform to the requirements of Specification
A484/A484M and the chemical requirements of Specification A479/A479M.
5.4.1 Shape products shall be in the as-welded condition unless otherwise specified or necessary to meet the requirements of this
specification.
5.4.2 Laser or laser hybrid weld process shall comply with either: laser-hybrid weld process for each alloy or alloy family within
a strength grade group shall be qualified in accordance with the welding procedure and operator qualification requirements of one
of the following:
5.4.2.1 ISO 15614-11 or ISO 15614-14 and ISO 15609-4 or ISO 15609-6.
5.4.2.2 ASME BPVC.IX ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX: Welding and Brazing Qualifications.
5.4.2.3 AWS D1.6/D1.6M Clause 6 Qualification and either AWS C7.4/C7.4M, or AWS C7.6/C7.6M. The practices of AWS
C7.2M shall be used.
NOTE 6—The ISO, ASME, and AWS standards establish requirements for welding procedure and operator qualifications for each manufacturing location.
The ISO, ASME, and AWS requirements are very similar, but there are differences, such as the frequency of certification and whether third-party
verification is required.
(1) When complying with AWS requirements, the practices of AWS C7.2M shall be used.
5.4.3 The quality levels of welded joints shall be in accordance with 5.4.3.1either:, 5.4.3.2, or 5.4.3.3.
5.4.3.1 ISO 13919-1 or ISO 12932 standard. If not otherwise specified, quality level B of ISO 13919-1 or ISO 12932 standard
shall be met.
5.4.3.2 AWS C7.4/C7.4M class(class A, unless otherwise specified,specified) or AWS C7.6/C7.6M.
A1069/A1069M − 23
5.4.3.3 ASME BPVC.IX ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX: Welding and Brazing Qualifications.
5.1.5 The tensile strength of the weldment conducted on test specimens excised from the laser or laser hybrid welded stainless
steel plates, sheet, or strip, as shown in Fig. 1, shall meet or exceed the requirements of Specifications A240/A240M,
A276/A276M, or A479/A479M or Table 1 of this specification, dependent on the Grade level specified in the purchase order.
Tensile testing and specimen dimensions shall be in accordance with Test Methods A370 or ASME SA370, if specified.
5.1.6 Bend tests in accordance with Article 14 of Test Methods A370 or ASME SA-370, if specified, shall be conducted for
evaluating the ductility of the weldment. Test coupons shall be excised from the laser or laser hybrid welded stainless steel plates
in accordance with Fig. 1. The inside diameter for root bend test specimens shall meet the value(s) stipulated in the application
specification, or the specific requirements of the purchase order. Root bend tests shall be conducted, removing any flash or
melt-through at the roots of the weld, and shall be in accordance with either Test Methods E190 or E290, depending on the
thickness of the material and the purchaser’s application. Lack of penetration or the presence of cracks, visible to persons with
normal or corrected vision, shall be cause for rejection of the weldments.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The stainless steel purchased for products made to this specification shall conform to the chemical composition requirements
of Specifications A240/A240M, A276/A276M, or A479/A479M, and shall conform to the applicable requirements of
Specifications A480/A480M or A484/A484M.
NOTE 7—The following austenitic stainless steels (UNS number (common name)) are most commonly used for structural applications: UNS S30403
(304L), S30409 (304H), S31603 (316L), S31653 (316LN), S31703 (317L), S32100 (321), S34700 (347), N08904 (904L), N08367 and S31254.S31254,
N08904 (904L), N08367, and N08926. Other alloys can be produced to this specification specification.
NOTE 8—The following duplex stainless steels (UNS number (common name)) are most commonly used for structural applications: S32101, S32003,
S32202, S32205 (2205), S32304, S32750, and S32760.S32760, S82011, and S82441. Other alloys can be produced to this specification.
6.2 The chemical analysis of each heat used for products made to this specification shall be determined in accordance with the
applicable materials specification and Test Methods, Practices, and TerminologyMethods and Practices A751.
6.3 The steel manufacturer’s test report shall be considered sufficient evidence of the composition of the base metal.
7. Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tensile testing—If required, during weld procedure and operator qualification in accordance with AWS, ASME, or ISO
requirements, testing of the tensile strength of the weldment shall be conducted on test specimens excised from the laser or laser
hybrid welded stainless steel plates, bar, sheet, or strip, and shall meet or exceed the requirements of the specified strength grade
requirements in subsection 7.3 and Table 1 of this specification. Tensile testing and specimen dimensions shall be in accordance
with Test Methods A370 or ASME SA370.
7.2 Additional tensile testing can be specified by purchase order or contract in accordance with supplementary requirement S4.
7.3 Strength Grades—SCP and built-up shapes manufactured to this standard is available in different strength grades, which are
limited by plate thickness. Strength grades 1 through 4 are addressed in 7.3.1 – 7.3.4The welded product or test specimens excised
from the welded. The tensile properties required when strength grade 2, 3, or 4 is specified are given in Table 1product shall
conform to the following mechanical test requirements:. If strength grade is not specified, the default is Grade 1.
7.3.1 Strength Grades 1—For strength Grade 1 the The minimum mechanical property requirements for each alloy shall be those
in Specifications A240/A240M, A276/A276M, A554, or A479/A479M.
7.3.2 Strength Grades 2—For thicknesses up to 2.5 in. (64 mm), when the minimum mechanical property requirements of strength
Grade 2, This strength grade can be specified for austenitic alloys UNS S30403 (304L), S30409 (304H), S31603 (316L), S31653
(316LN), and S31703 (317L) are specified, they shall be in accordance with in thicknesses up to 64 mm (2.5 in.) in accordance
with the requirements of Table 1.
7.3.3 Strength Grades 3—For This strength grade can be specified for duplex S32205 in thicknesses up to 2.5 in. (64 mm), when
A1069/A1069M − 23
A,B,C,GD
TABLE 1 Mechanical Test Requirements
Elongation
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min
Strength in 2 in. or
Grade 50 mm,
ksi MPa ksi MPa
min, %
MPa ksi MPa ksi
Austenitic (Chromium-Nickel) (Chromium-Manganese-Nickel)
D
2 80 550 35 240 35
2 550 80 240 35 35
Duplex (Austenitic-Ferritic)
E
3 95 655 65 450 25
3 655 95 450 65 25
F
4 116 795 80 550 15
4 795 116 550 80 15
A
Yield Unless otherwise specified, yield strength shall be determined by the offset
method at 0.2 % in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370. Unless
otherwise specified.
B
Bend tests are not required for any austenitic or duplex (austenitic-ferritic)
stainless steels regardless of thickness.
C
Brinell or Rockwell Hardness hardness requirements are determined by Speci-
fications A240/A240M, A276/A276M, A554or A479/A479M.
D
This strength level applies to the following austenitics (UNS number (common
name): UNS S30403 (304L), S30409 (304H), S31603 (316L), S31653 (316LN),
and S31703 (317L). Order all other austenitics to strength Grade 1, ASTM
A240/A240M mechanical properties.
E
This strength level applies to S32205 (2205) up to 2.5 in. (64 mm) in thickness.
F
This strength level can be achieved by the more highly alloyed, more corrosion
resistant and higher strength super duplexes like S32750, and S32760 is limited to
thicknesses of up to 2 inches (50 mm).
D
All ferritic and duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steels not listed in this table
shall be ordered to strength grade 1 in accordance with 7.1.17.3.1.
the minimum mechanical property requirements of strength Grade 3 (duplex
...