ASTM A663/A663M-23

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Designation: A663/A663M − 17 A663/A663M − 23
Standard Specification for
Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, Mechanical
Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A663/A663M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought merchant quality carbon steel bars and bar size shapes produced to mechanical property
requirements and intended for noncritical constructional applications (see 7.28.2).
1.2 Merchant quality hot-wrought steel bar is available in the following ranges of size and section:
1.2.1 Rounds, squares, and hexagons with diameters or distance across flats under 3 in. [75 mm].
1.2.2 Bar size shapes with maximum dimensions under 3 in. [75 mm].
1.2.3 Other bar sections with weight per foot under 40.84 lb ⁄ft [60.78 kg/m].
1.2.4 Flats 6 in. [152 mm] or under in width, over 0.203 in. [over 5 mm in thickness up to 150 mm in width] in thickness, and
2 2
under 40.84 lb/ft or 12 in. [77.4 cm ] in cross-sectional area.
1.2.5 Flats over 6 in. to 8 in., inclusive in width, 0.230 in. and over [over 6 mm in thickness and over 50 mm through 200 mm
2 2
200 mm in width] in thickness and under 40.84 lb/ft [60.78 kg/m] or 12 in. [77.4 cm ] in cross-sectional area.
1.2.6 Hot-wrought merchant quality carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements are hot wrought in straight
lengths only.
1.3 Some applications may require one or more of the available designations shown under supplementary requirements.
NOTE 1—Special quality hot-wrought carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements are covered in Specification A675/A675M.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.15 on
Bars.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2023. Published December 2017November 2023. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 20122017
as A663/A663M – 12.A663/A663M – 17. DOI: 10.1520/A0663_A0663M-17.10.1520/A0663_A0663M-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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A663/A663M − 23
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology A941.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following information:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
4.1.2 Dimensions (cross-sectional shape, size, and length),
4.1.3 Name of material (merchant quality carbon steel bars),
4.1.4 Specification number and date of issue,
4.1.5 Grade designation,
4.1.6 Copper bearing steel (if required),
4.1.7 Heat analysis or test report (request, if required),
4.1.8 Application and processing, and
4.1.9 Supplementary requirements (if required).
5. Manufacture
5.1 The steel shall be made by the basic-oxygen or electric-furnace process.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform on heat analysis to the following chemical requirements:
Phosphorus, max, percent 0.04
Phosphorus, max, percent 0.040
Sulfur, max, percent 0.05
Sulfur, max, percent 0.050
Copper, when copper steel is specified, min, percent 0.20
7. Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tensile Requirements:
7.1.1 The material as represented by the test specimen shall conform to the applicable requirements in Table 1.
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volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
A663/A663M − 23
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Elongation, min, %
A
Grade Tensile Strength, Yield Point, 8-in.8 in. or 2-in.2 in. or
min, ksi [MPa]
Designation ksi [MPa] [200- [50-
mm][200 mm] mm][50 mm]
Gage Length Gage Length
45 [310] 45–60 [310–415] 25.0 [175] 27 33
50 [345] 50–65 [345–450] 28.0 [195] 25 30
55 [380] 55–70 [380–485] 30.0 [210] 23 26
60 [415] 60–75 [415–515] 33.0 [230] 21 22
65 [450] 65–80 [450–550] 36.0 [250] 17 20
70 [485] 70–85 [485–585] 39.0 [270] 14 18
75 [515] 75–90 [515–620] 41.0 [285] 14 18
80 [550] 80 min [550 min] 44.0 [305] 13 17
A
When the tension test does not show a yield point (drop of the beam, halt of the
pointer or sharp-kneed stress-strain diagram), yield strength shall be determined
by either 0.5 % extension-under-load or 0.2 % offset. The minimum ksi (MPa)
requirement does not change. The test report, if required, shall show yield
strength.
7.1.2 Test specimens shall be prepared for testing from the material in its as-rolled condition. The tension specimen may be aged
as described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.
7.1.3 Test specimens shall be taken longitudinally and may be tested in full thickness or section, or they may be machined to the
dimensions shown in Figs. 4 or 5 of Test Methods and Definitions A370. If test specimens are selected conforming to the
dimensions of Fig. 5, they shall be machined from a position midway between the center and the surface of the bar.
7.1.4 Test specimens for shapes and flats may be machined to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 4 of Test Methods and
Definitions A370 or with both edges parallel. Test specimens for material over 1 ⁄2 in. [40 mm] in thickness or diameter may be
machined to a thickness or diameter of at least ⁄4 in. [20 mm] for a length of at least 9 in. [230 mm], or they may conform to the
dimensions shown in Fig. 5 of Test Methods and Definitions A370.
7.1.5 Tensile requirements shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
7.1.6 For material over ⁄4 in. [19 mm] in thickness or diameter, a deduction from the percentage of elong
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