ASTM F2316-12

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F2316 −12
StandardSpecification for
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Airframe Emergency Parachutes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2316; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope be a supplemental safety device and to be used at the discretion
of the pilot when deemed to provide the best chance of
1.1 This specification covers minimum requirements for the
survivability.
design, manufacture, and installation of parachutes for air-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
frames. Airframe emergency parachutes addressed in this
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
standard refer to parachute systems designed, manufactured,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and installed to recover the airframe and its occupants at a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
survivable rate of descent. This standard is not applicable to
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
deep-stall parachutes, spin recovery parachutes, drogue
parachutes, or other airframe emergency aerodynamic decel-
2. Referenced Documents
erators not specifically intended for safely lowering the air-
frame and occupants to the ground. The standard is applicable
2.1 There are currently no referenced documents in this
to these types of parachutes if they are an integral part of an
specification.
airframe emergency parachute system designed to recover the
airframe and occupants at a survivable rate of descent.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. There may be values given in parentheses that are 3.1.1 ballistic device, n—may include rocket motor, mortar,
mathematical conversions to inch-pound units. Values in pa- explosive projectile, spring, or other stored energy device.
rentheses are provided for information only and are not
3.1.2 completely opened parachute, n—the parachute has
considered standard.
reached its maximum design dimensions for the first time.
1.2.1 Note that within the aviation community mixed units
3.1.3 parachute deployment, n—process of parachute acti-
are appropriate in accordance with International CivilAviation
vation and inflation.
Organization(ICAO)agreements.WhilethevaluesstatedinSI
units are regarded as standard, certain values such as airspeeds
4. Materials and Manufacture
in knots and altitude in feet are also accepted as standard.
4.1 Materials—Materials used for parts and assemblies, the
1.3 Airframe emergency parachute recovery systems have
failure of which could adversely affect safety, must meet the
become an acceptable means of greatly reducing the likelihood
following conditions:
of serious injury or death in an in-flight emergency. Even
4.1.1 Materialsshallbesuitableanddurablefortheintended
though they have saved hundreds of lives in many different
use.
types of conditions, inherent danger of failure, even if properly
4.1.2 Design values (strength) must be chosen so that no
designed, manufactured and installed, remains due to the
structural part is under strength as a result of material varia-
countless permutations of random variables (attitude, altitude,
tions or load concentration, or both.
accelerations, airspeed, weight, geographic location, etc.) that
4.1.3 The effects of environmental conditions, such as
may exist at time of usage. The combination of these variables
temperature and humidity, expected in service must be taken
may negatively influence the life saving function of these
into account.
airframe emergency parachute systems. They are designed to
5. Reserved
5.1 This section is being used as a placeholder to maintain
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This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F37 on Light
the previous section numbers.
Sport Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F37.70 on Cross
Cutting.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
6. Parachute System Design Requirements
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F2316–08 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/F2316-12. 6.1 Strength Requirements:
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F2316−12
6.1.1 Strength requirements are specified in terms of limit 6.2.2 Rate of Descent—Rate of descent data shall be re-
loads (the maximum loads to be expected in service) and corded for all tests in 6.2.1.This data may be corrected for the
ultimate loads (limit loads multiplied by a p
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