ASTM D7144-05a
(Practice)Standard Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Metals Determination
Standard Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Metals Determination
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Human exposure to toxic metals present in surface dust can result from dermal contact with or ingestion of contaminated dust. Also, inhalation exposure can result from disturbing dust particles from contaminated surfaces. Thus standardized methods for the collection and analysis of metals in surface dust samples are needed in order to evaluate the potential for human exposure to toxic elements.
This practice involves the use of sampling equipment to collect surface dust samples that may contain toxic metals, and is intended for use by qualified technical professionals.
This practice allows for the subsequent determination of collected metals concentrations on an area (loading) or mass concentration basis, or both.
Because particle losses can occur due to collection of dust onto the inner surfaces of the nozzle, the length of the collection nozzle is specified in order that such losses are comparable from one sample to another.
This practice is suitable for the collection of surface dust samples from, for example: (a) soft, porous surfaces such as carpet or upholstery; (b) hard, rough surfaces such as concrete or roughened wood; (c) confined areas that cannot be easily sampled by other means (such as wipe sampling as described in Practice D 6966). A companion sampling technique that may be used for collection of surface dust from hard, smooth surfaces is wipe sampling (Practice D 6966). A companion vacuum sampling technique that may be used for sampling carpets is described in Practice D 5438.
Procedures presented in this practice are intended to provide a standardized method for dust collection from surfaces that cannot be reliably sampled using wipe collection methods (for example, Practice D 6966). Additionally, the procedure described uses equipment that is readily available and in common use for other environmental and occupational hygiene sampling applications.
The entire contents of the filter holder, that is, the filter plus collected dust, is tar...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of surface dust for subsequent determination of metals. The primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough, or porous surfaces.
1.2 Micro-vacuum sampling is carried out using a collection nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette), which is in turn connected to an air sampling pump.
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of metals on a loading basis (mass of metal(s) per unit area sampled), or on a concentration basis (mass of metal(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inherent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection. Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this standard practice will generate data that are consistent and comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum collection at a variety of sampling locations and sites.
1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7144 – 05a
Standard Practice for
Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for
1
Subsequent Metals Determination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
Atmospheres
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
surface dust for subsequent determination of metals. The
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough,
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical
or porous surfaces.
Analysis
1.2 Micro-vacuumsamplingiscarriedoutusingacollection
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples
nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is
Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determi-
connected to an air sampling pump.
nation of Metals
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
metals on a loading basis (mass of metal(s) per unit area
ISO 15202-1 Workplace air—Determination of metals and
sampled),oronaconcentrationbasis(massofmetal(s)perunit
metalloids in airborne particulate matter by inductively
mass of sample collected), or both.
coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry—Part 1:
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Sampling
standard.
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inher-
ent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results
3. Terminology
for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to sam-
contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection.
pling and analysis of dust not given here, refer to D1356.
Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this
3.2.1 air sampling pump—a portable pump that is used to
standard practice will generate data that are consistent and
draw air through a filter holder/collection nozzle assembly for
comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum col-
2 micro-vacuum collection of surface dust. An example would
lection at a variety of sampling locations and sites.
include a personal sampling pump (D1356).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 batch—a group of field or quality control samples, or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
both, that are collected together in a similar environment and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are processed together using the same reagents and equipment.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.3 collection nozzle—a piece of flexible plastic tubing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cut at a 45º angle at the inlet end, and connected at the outlet
2. Referenced Documents end to the inlet orifice of a filter holder (sampling cassette).
3
3.2.4 field blank—a sample that is handled in exactly the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
same way that field samples are collected, except that no air is
drawn through it.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 onAir Quality
3.2.5 filter holder—an apparatus that supports and contains
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD22.04onWorkplaceAtmospheres.
the filter medium upon which dust is collected. It is also often
Current edition approved October 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
referred to as a sampling cassette.
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7144 - 05. DOI:
10.1520/D7144-05A.
3.2.6 internal capsule—a device inserted into a filter holder
2
Reynolds, S. J., et al., “Laboratory comparison of vacuum, OSHA, and HUD
(sampling cassette) that allows complete capture of contami-
sampling methods for lead in household dust.” American Industrial Hygiene
nant within its envelope and prevents deposition of collected
Association Journal, Vol. 58, pp. 439-446 (1997).
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 --------
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.