ASTM F1674-18

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1674 − 11 F1674 − 18 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Joint Restraint Products for Use with PVC Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1674; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for qualifying the performance of joint restraint products for use on PVC pressure
pipe systems by evaluating the effect of the joint restraint product on the performance characteristics of PVC pipe during cyclic
pressure tests and static pressure tests. The PVC pipe property values referenced in this test method are for the 12454 compound
as described in Specification D1784 and a 4,000 HDB shall be obtained by categorizing the LTHS in accordance with Table 1 in
Test Method D2837. That includes, but is not limited to, pipe produced in accordance with the following standards: Specifications
D1785 and D2241, AWWA C900 , and AWWA C905. C900.
1.2 This test method determines the short-term performance of a joint restraint product on PVC pipe, which involves the testing
of restrained joint test sections to the minimum burst pressure requirements of the pipe to determine quick burst performance.
1.3 This test method determines the long-term effect of a joint restraint product on PVC pipe, which involves the testing of
restrained joint test sections to the sustained pressure requirements of the pipe for a period of 1000 h.
1.4 This test method addresses restraint products that are rated at the full pressure capacity of the PVC pipe on which they are
used. There are joint restraint devices available that are not rated at the full pressure capacity of the pipe. While those products
have proven acceptable and useful in the marketplace, this test method does not apply to those products.
1.5 This test method determines the performance of a joint restraint product on PVC pipe subjected to cyclic pressure surges.
The performance is compared to the baseline performance of pipe without joint restraint products established by Herbert W.
Vinson.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
purposes only. mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)
Compounds
D1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
D2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for
Thermoplastic Pipe Products
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2018. Published April 2011December 2018. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
F1674–05.–11. DOI: 10.1520/F1674-11.10.1520/F1674-18.
Vinson, Herbert W., Response of PVC Pipe to Large, Repetitive Pressure Surges, International Conference on Underground Plastic Pipe, American Society of Civil
Engineers, New York, NY, 1981, p. 491.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1674 − 18
2.2 AWWA Standards:
AWWA C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 4 In.in. through 12 In.in. (100 mm through 300
mm), for Water Distribution
AWWA C905 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings Pipe, Nominal Diameters 14 In. through 48 In.
(350 mm through 1,200 mm), for Water Transmission and Distribution
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412 unless otherwise specified.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 base hoop stress—the minimum hoop stress during cyclic testing; the base hoop stress shall be one half the peak hoop
stress.
3.2.2 base pressure—the internal pressure required to achieve the base hoop stress in the pipe wall.
3.2.3 cycle—an increase in the internal pressure in a cyclic pressure test specimen from the base pressure to the peak pressure,
followed by a decrease in the internal pressure to the base pressure.
3.2.4 failure of the pipe—ballooning, bursting, cracking, splitting, or weeping (seepage of liquid) of the pipe during test.
3.2.5 failure of the restraint product—structural failure of the restraint product, leakage at the joint (where the restraint is also
part of the sealing process, for example, a mechanical joint), premature failure of the pipe that can be directly attributed to the
action of the restraint, or 0.25 in. (6.35 mm) of movement of the restraint mechanism on the pipe.
3.2.6 minimum burst pressure requirement—the minimum internal pressure that must be reached, within 60 to 70 s, in a
restrained joint test specimen without failure.
3.2.7 movement of the restraint mechanism—slippage on the pipe of any part of the restraint mechanism which contacts the pipe
with the purpose of resisting thrust forces.
3.2.8 peak hoop stress—the maximum hoop stress during cyclic testing.
3.2.9 peak pressure—the internal pressure required to achieve the peak hoop stress in the pipe wall.
3.2.10 restraint device for PVC pipe—a product which is mechanically attached to or is an integral part of PVC pipe and is
intended to prevent separation of a joint involving PVC pipe, due to internal pressure or external force (that is, restraining of a
mechanical joint, PVC pipe or fitting bell, or flange adapter).
3.2.11 restrained joint test specimen—a test section that is assembled with the joint restraint product being tested. The ends of
the pipe are capped and all of the load from the end thrust is transferred to the pipe to induce longitudinal stress in the pipe wall,
in addition to hoop stress. The restraint device being tested should provide all resistance to joint separation.
3.2.12 sustained pressure requirement—the internal pressure that must be maintained for 1000 h in a restrained joint test
specimen for sustained pressure tests; it is dependent upon PVC compound and dimension ratio or pipe schedule.
3.2.13 Vinson Equation—An empirical equation developed by H. W. Vinson for the conservative estimation of cyclic pressure
surge limits in the design of typical PVC pipe and is given by the following:
21 24.906
C 5 5.05 310 S see Footnote 2
~ ! ~ !
where:
C = average number of cycles to failure and
S = peak hoop stress, psi, (MPa × 145.04 = psi).
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is useful for establishing any effects that a joint restraint product has on the performance of PVC pressure
pipe. This test method is designed so that success in all three parts of the test provides reasonable assurance that a joint restraint
product may be used on PVC pipe at the full pressure rating and capacity of the pipe.
4.2 Restrained joint test specimens shall be subjected to internal pressures that are equal to the minimum burst pressure
requirements for the pipe alone. The minimum burst pressure requirements for some common dimension ratios are shown in Table
1. The minimum burst pressures for other dimension ratios of pipe produced from 12454 PVC Compound (that is, pipe conforming
to Specification D1785) may be determined based on a hoop stress of 6400 psi (44.13 MPa).
4.3 Testing of restrained joint test specimens for 1000 h at the sustained pressure requirements indicates any tendency of the
restraint to fail in the long term. The minimum sustained pressure requirements for some common dimension ratios are shown in
Table 2. The minimum sustained pressure for other dimension ratios of pipe produced from 12454 PVC Compound (for example,
pipe conforming to Specification D1785) may be determined based on a hoop stress of 4200 psi (28.96 MPa).
Available from American Water Works Association (AWWA), 6666 W. Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235, http://www.awwa.org.
F1674 − 18
TABLE 1 Minimum Burst Pressure Requirements for Some
Common Dimension Ratios, 12454 PVC Compound
A
Dimension Ratio (DR) Pressure, psi (kPa)
13.5 1000 (6895)
14 985 (6791)
17 800 (5516)
18 755 (5205)
21 630 (4344)
25 535 (3689)
26 500 (3447)
32.5 400 (2758)
35 380 (2620)
41 315 (2172)
51 260 (1793)
A
The pressures listed approximate a hoop stress of 6400 psi (44.13 MPa). Some
minor adjustments have been made to keep the test pressures uniform in order to
simplify testing.
TABLE 2 Sustained Pressure Requirements for Some Common
Dimension Ratios, 12454 PVC Compound
A
Dimension Ratio (DR) Pressure, psi (kPa)
13.5 670 (4619)
14 650 (4482)
17 530 (3654)
18 500 (3447)
21 420 (2896)
25 350 (2413)
26 340 (2344)
32.5 270 (1862)
35 250 (1724)
41 210 (1448)
51 168 (1158)
A
The pressures listed approximate a hoop stress of 4200 psi (28.96 MPa). Some
minor adjustments have been made to keep the test pressures uniform in order to
simplify testing.
4.4 A cyclic surge pressure test of restrained joint test specimens determines the effect of the joint restraint product on the cyclic
fatigue life of PVC pipe. This test method provides a means for quickly identifying any reduction in performance that might result
from the combination of the joint restraint product and the pipe. The peak hoop stre
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